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{{Original research|date=July 2022}}
'''Atmel ARM-based processors''' are [[microcontroller]]s and [[microprocessor]]s [[integrated circuit]]s, by [[Microchip Technology]] (previously [[Atmel]]), that are based on various [[32-bit]] [[ARM architecture|ARM]] processor cores, with in-house designed peripherals and tool support.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Microchip's "Selection Guide" page that clarifies difference between their microcontrollers based on PIC and ARM processors. |url=https://www.microchip.com/en-us/products/microcontrollers-and-microprocessors/32-bit-mcus }}</ref>
 
==Overview==
{{Main|ARM architecture|ARM Cortex-M|ARM Cortex-A}}
 
ARM licenses the core design for a series of 32-bit processors. ARM does not manufacture any complete silicon products, just intellectual property (IP). The ARM [[Central processing unit|processors]] are [[Reduced instruction set computing|RISC]] (reduced instruction set computing). This is similar to Microchip’sMicrochip's AVR 8-bit products, a later adoption of RISC architecture. Whereas the AVR architecture used [[Modified Harvard architecture|Harvard architecture]] exclusively, some ARM cores are Harvard (Cortex-M3) and others are [[Von Neumann architecture]] (ARM7TDMI).
 
[[Semiconductor]] companies such as Microchip take the ARM cores, which use a consistent set of instructions and register naming, and add peripheral circuits such as ADCs (analog to digital converters), clock management, and serial communications such as USART, SPI, I2C, CAN, LIN, USB, Ethernet, and LCD, Camera or Touch controllers. Microchip made efforts to adapt advanced peripherals and power management that used very little power and can operate independently without having the CPU core powered up (sleepwalking). They also provided for DMA between external interfaces and memories increasing data throughput with minimal processor intervention.
 
Microchip sells both MCUs (microcontroller units) that have internal Flash memory, and MPUs (microprocessor units) that use external memory. In addition to the chips themselves, Microchip offers demo boards, both on its website, and through distribution channels such as [[Digi-Key|Digi-key]], Farnell, Ineltek, Arrow, Avnet, [[Future Electronics]], and [[Mouser Electronics|Mouser]].
 
Some of the Microchip ARM-based products are meant for specific [[Application software|applications]], such as their SAM4CP that is used in smart-grid energy meters.
 
==History==
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** SAM9R (2009)
** SAM9G (2009)
** SAM9X
** SAM9M (2010)
** SAM9X (2020)<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.microchip.com/en-us/about/news-releases/products/mpu-based-som |title=Press release; Microchip; Aug. 4, 2022}}</ref>
* 2004 sign ARM1176JZ-S core license agreement (not used in Atmel parts)
* 2008 sign Cortex license agreement with ARM Holdings.<ref name="Press-20130204">[http://www.atmel.com/about/news/release.aspx?reference=tcm:26-45944 Press Release; Atmel; February 4, 2013.]</ref>
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*** SAMA5D4 (2014)<ref name="Press-20141001">[http://www.atmel.com/about/news/release.aspx?reference=tcm:26-63482 Press Release; Atmel; October 1, 2014.]</ref>
*** SAMA5D2 series (2015)<ref name="Press-20150914">[http://www.atmel.com/about/news/release.aspx?reference=tcm:26-72004 Press Release; Atmel; September 14, 2015.]</ref>
** Cortex-A7 (MPU) (ARMv7-A architecture)
*** SAMA7G5 (2022)<ref>[https://www.microchip.com/en-us/about/news-releases/products/new-1ghz-sama7g54-is-the-first-single-core-mpu-with-mipi-csi-2 Press Release; Microchip; May 24, 2022.]</ref>
*** SAMA7D6 (2025)<ref>[https://www.microchip.com/en-us/about/news-releases/products/introducing-sama7d65-microprocessors-available-in-system-in-package Press Release; Microchip; February 26, 2025.]</ref>
** Cortex-M0+ (MCU)in the SAM D20 (2013) (ARMv6-M architecture) – In June 2013, Atmel announced the SAMD20 series based on the ARM Cortex-M0+.<ref name="Press-20130617">[http://www.atmel.com/about/news/release.aspx?reference=tcm:26-48742 Press Release; Atmel; June 17, 2013.]</ref>
** Cortex-M7 (MCU) (ARMv7-M architecture)
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Microcontrollers have internal program memory as well as the conventional internal registers and [[random-access memory|RAM]]. Microchip ARM MCUs range from the SAM D10 series with as few as 14 pins, to the 144-pin SAM S70 and SAM E70 products.
 
The SAM4S, SAM4N, SAM3S, SAM3N, SAM7S (64-pin) families have pin-compatible IC footprints, except for USB device, though they are not voltage level compatible.<ref>[http://www.embedded-know-how.com/component/resource/?task=goto&link=2809 Pin-compatible Cortex replacement for Microchip [[ARM7]] SAM7S derivatives; ECE; May 2011.]{{dead link|date=October 2016 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>
 
===={{anchor|SAMC}}SAM C====
 
{{stub-expand section|date=September 2020}}
 
The Atmel C family was launched in May 2015.<ref name="Cision2015">{{cite web
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|website=prnewswire.com
|publisher=as furnished by Atmel Corporation
|accessdateaccess-date=1 September 2020
}}</ref> Based on Cortex-M0+, pin and code compatible with the SAM D and SAM L series,<ref name="Cision2015"/> with wide operating voltage ranges (2.7–5.5 V), CAN bus, and up to 12 DMA controller channels.
 
===={{anchor|SAMD|SAML}}SAM D====
 
{{stub-expand section|date=August 2020}}
 
The SAM D (ATSAMD)<ref>[http://www.atmel.com/Microsite/samd/device.aspx Microsite; Atmel; July 11, 2014.]</ref> family from Microchip consists of four different sub series (SAM D10, SAM D11, SAM D20, SAM D21). The devices are all based on the [[ARM Cortex-M0+]] processor and offer different pin, memory, and feature combinations. The devices are pin- and code-compatible and share peripherals like the Event System and the '''SERCOM''' module. for Thereconfigurable multiplexed [[Arduinoserial communication]] Zeroports.<ref boardname="learn.sparkfun.com">{{cite usesweb an| ATSAMD21G18title=Adding More SERCOM Ports for SAMD Boards | chipwebsite=learn.sparkfun.com | url=https://learn.sparkfun.com/tutorials/adding-more-sercom-ports-for-samd-boards | access-date=2021-09-29}}</ref> This microcontroller family is used on various hobbyist development boards, such as [[Arduino Uno#Arduino board comparison|Arduino Zero]] (ATSAMD21G18),<ref>{{cite web |title=Board; Zero; Docs |url=https://wwwdocs.arduino.cc/enhardware/Main/ArduinoBoardZerozero |website=Arduino |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230508142259/https://docs.arduino.cc/hardware/zero |archive-date=May 8, 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Board; Zero; Store |url=https://store.arduino.cc/arduino-zero |website=Arduino}}</ref> [[SparkFun Electronics|Sparkfun]] SAMD21 Mini Breakout (ATSAMD21G18),<ref>{{Cite web |title=SparkFun SAMD21 Mini Breakout |url=https://www.sparkfun.com/products/13664 }}</ref> and Seeed Studio XIAO SAMD21 (ATSAMD21G18).<ref>{{Cite web |title=Seeed Studio XIAO SAMD21(Seeeduino XIAO) with SAMD21 Cortex M0+ |url=https://www.seeedstudio.com/Seeeduino-XIAO-Arduino-Microcontroller-SAMD21-Cortex-M0+-p-4426.html }}</ref>
 
The SAM D5X/E5X featuresand SAM D51 feature the 32-bit Cortex-M4F.
 
===={{anchor|SAML}}SAM L====
 
{{stub-expand section|date=September 2020}}
 
====SAM 3====
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The ATSAM4 is based on the [[ARM Cortex-M4]] core. The SAM4E includes a FPU ([[floating-point unit|Floating-Point Unit]]). The SAM4C includes a dual-core [[ARM Cortex-M4]] (one core with a FPU).
 
1st of1 August 2017, the ATSAMD/ExxATSAMD5x and ATSAME5x family was announced. This features several enhancements for lower power operation and more peripherals, Ethernet and CANBUS-FD in SAMExxSAME5x series. [https://www.microchip.com/pressreleasepage/microchip-launches-two-new-sam-microcontroller-families-with-extensive-connectivity-interface-options] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191106212342/https://www.microchip.com/pressreleasepage/microchip-launches-two-new-sam-microcontroller-families-with-extensive-connectivity-interface-options |date=2019-11-06 }}
 
* [httphttps://www.atmelmicrochip.com/deviceswwwproducts/en/ATSAM4C16.aspx SAM4C] – ARM Cortex-M4/M4F dual-core, which includes FPU▼
* [https://ww1.microchip.com/downloads/en/DeviceDoc/Atmel-11157-32-bit-Cortex-M4-Microcontroller-SAM4E16-SAM4E8_Datasheet.pdf SAM4E18-16 series] – ARM Cortex-M4F core, which includes FPU
* [httphttps://www.atmelmicrochip.com/productsdesign-centers/microcontrollers32-bit/armsam-32-bit-mcus/sam4l.aspxsam-4l-mcus SAM4L] – ARM Cortex-M4 core▼
* [httphttps://www.atmelmicrochip.com/productsdesign-centers/microcontrollers32-bit/armsam-32-bit-mcus/sam4n.aspxsam-4n-mcus SAM4N] – ARM Cortex-M4 core, pin-to-pin compatibility with SAM4S, SAM3S, SAM3N, SAM7S devices▼
* [httphttps://www.atmelmicrochip.com/productsdesign-centers/microcontrollers32-bit/ARMsam-32-bit-mcus/SAM4S.aspxsam-4s-mcus SAM4S] – ARM Cortex-M4 core▼
* [https://www.microchip.com/wwwproducts/en/ATSAMG54 SAMG5x] – ARM Cortex-M4F core, which includes FPU, ATSAMG55 for 120&nbsp;MHz CPU speed.
* [https://www.microchip.com/design-centers/32-bit/sam-32-bit-mcus/sam-ed-mcus SAMESAMD5x] - Latest ARM Cortex-M4F core, which includes FPU, Ethernet MAC, CAN-FD and Integrated Security including Symmetric (AES) and Asymmetric (ECC) Encryption, Public Key Exchange Support(PUKCC), TRNG and SHA- based memory Integrity checker.▼
* [https://www.microchip.com/design-centers/32-bit/sam-32-bit-mcus/sam-e-mcus SAME5x] - Same with D5x plus Ethernet MAC and CAN-FD networking peripherals. Both SAMD5x-E5x series integrate many similar peripherals for ex Timers and Sercoms for UART, I2C, SPI etc. from ATSAMD2x and ATSAMC2x M0+ series thus is easier to upgrade to M4F Core MCUs.
 
▲* [http://www.atmel.com/devices/ATSAM4C16.aspx SAM4C] – ARM Cortex-M4/M4F dual-core, which includes FPU
* [http://www.atmel.com/products/microcontrollers/arm/sam4e.aspx SAM4E] – ARM Cortex-M4F core, which includes FPU
▲* [http://www.atmel.com/products/microcontrollers/arm/sam4l.aspx SAM4L] – ARM Cortex-M4 core
▲* [http://www.atmel.com/products/microcontrollers/arm/sam4n.aspx SAM4N] – ARM Cortex-M4 core, pin-to-pin compatibility with SAM4S, SAM3S, SAM3N, SAM7S devices
▲* [http://www.atmel.com/products/microcontrollers/ARM/SAM4S.aspx SAM4S] – ARM Cortex-M4 core
* [http://www.atmel.com/products/microcontrollers/arm/sam-g.aspx SAMG] – ARM Cortex-M4F core, which includes FPU
▲* [https://www.microchip.com/design-centers/32-bit/sam-32-bit-mcus/sam-e-mcus SAME] - ARM Cortex-M4F core, which includes FPU, Ethernet MAC, CAN-FD and Integrated Security including Symmetric (AES) and Asymmetric (ECC) Encryption, Public Key Exchange Support(PUKCC), TRNG and SHA- based memory Integrity checker.
====SAM x70====
These are based on the [[ARM Cortex-M7]] core.
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* [https://www.microchip.com/wwwproducts/en/AT91SAM9XE512 SAM9XE512]
* [https://www.microchip.com/wwwproducts/en/AT91SAM9260 SAM9260]
* [https://www.microchip.com/en-us/product/sam9x60 SAM9X60]
* [https://www.microchip.com/en-us/product/sam9x75 SAM9X75]
 
====SAMA5====
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;SAMA5D4
* [https://www.microchip.com/design-centers/32-bit-mpus/microprocessors/sama5/sama5d4-series#SAMA5D4_series SAMA5D4] – 528&nbsp;MHz (840&nbsp;DMIPS), Neon, 128&nbsp;KB L2 cache, video decoder, LCD, Ethernet
 
 
===Smart Energy===
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;Windows
* Microchip - MPLAB and Microchip Studio for AVR and SAM devices (formerly Atmel Studio 7)
* IAR – Embedded Workbench for ARM
* [http://www.crossware.com/arm Crossware – Development Suite for ARM]
 
;Linux
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* [[Embedded system]], [[Single-board microcontroller]]
* [[Interrupt]], [[Interrupt handler]], [[Comparison of real-time operating systems]]
* [[Joint Test Action Group|JTAG]], [[Joint Test Action Group#Serial Wire Debug|SWD]]
 
==References==
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{{DEFAULTSORT:At91sam}}
 
[[Category:Microcontrollers]]
[[Category:ARM architectureprocessors]]
[[Category:ARM-based microcontrollers]]
[[Category:Atmel microcontrollers]]
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