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{{Short description|Network protocols for control of entertainment technology equipment}}
{{Refimprove|date=January 2012}}
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'''Architecture for Control Networks''' ('''ACN''') is a suite of [[network protocol]]s for control of entertainment technology equipment, particularly as used in live performance or large-scale installations. For example, lighting, audio or special effects equipment. ACN is maintained by [[Entertainment Services and Technology Association]] and its first official release was [[ANSI]] Standard E1.17-2006 - Entertainment Technology - Architecture for Control Networks. The standard was subsequently revised and released as ANSI E1.17-2010.
ACN was initially designed to be layered on top of [[User Datagram Protocol|UDP/IP]] and therefore will run over most [[Internet Protocol|IP]] transports including standard, inexpensive [[Ethernet]] and [[802.11]] ([[Wi-Fi]]) networks.
==Protocol architecture==
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===Session Data Transport===
Session Data Transport (SDT) is a [[reliable multicast]] transport protocol which operates over [[User Datagram Protocol|UDP/IP]] which can be used to group peers within a network into ''sessions'' and deliver messages to them individually or as a group.
===Device Management Protocol===
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===Device Description Language===
Device Description Language (DDL) allows a machine parsable description of the interface and capabilities of any device to be defined.<ref name="EngArts">{{Cite web|url=http://www.engarts.com/ddl/index.html|title=Device Description Language}}</ref> This description can be interpreted by a controller which may then automatically configure itself for controlling that device. The description not only provides the address and property mapping information which is necessary for DMP to operate but it can also contain a huge amount of information on the functionality, capabilities and semantics of the device in an extensible format which allows a controller to extract the features it needs for its specific context while skipping over information which is not relevant to its needs.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://powers.media.mit.edu/wiki/upload/E1-17ACN2006DDL.pdf |title=
DDL is an [[XML]] based language and descriptions are contained in a small number of [[XML]] documents. In normal ACN systems the description for a device may be downloaded from the device itself. However, descriptions may also be distributed in other ways (such as internet download) and since a description is valid for all devices of the same type, controllers can typically maintain a cache of descriptions for devices they commonly encounter.
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==Implementations==
An early [[Open-source software|open-source]] implementation of ACN was released as OpenACN<ref>{{cite web |url=
There is another open source ACN project<ref>{{cite web|url=https://github.com/HakanL/ACN|title=Architecture for Control Networks project home page|website=[[GitHub]] |accessdate=2022-03-09}}</ref> which is implemented in [[C Sharp (programming language)|C#]]. This aims to provide a full [[managed code]] implementation and includes code for several other related protocols.
An full implementation entitled Acacian<ref>{{cite web|url=https://github.com/hoyes/acacian|title=Acacian project on GitHub|website=[[GitHub]] |accessdate=2022-05-05}}</ref> in [[C (programming language)|C]], which includes parsing of DDL descriptions to generate DMP structures was released under the [[Mozilla Public Licence]] in 2014
E1.31 (Streaming DMX over ACN) is supported on [[Linux]] ([[ARM architecture|ARM]], [[Intel 80386|i386]], [[x86-64]]) and [[Macintosh]] ([[PowerPC]]; i386, x86-64) by the Open Lighting Architecture.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://opendmx.net/index.php/OLA |title=Open Lighting Architecture |accessdate=2012-01-05}}</ref>
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