Comparison of instant messaging protocols: Difference between revisions

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Echo
Gadu-Gadu
+12IRC
IRC
Jami
LINE
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Mattermost
Mumble
OSCAR (AIM, ICQ)
RVP (Windows messenger, etc.)
Richochet
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==Table of instant messaging protocols==
{{sticky header}}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="width: auto; text-align: center; font-size: smaller"
{{sort-under}}
{| class="wikitable sortable sort-under sticky-header" style="width: auto; text-align: center; font-size: smaller"
|-
![[CommunicationsCommunication protocol|Protocol]]
!Creator
!First public release date
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!Media synchronization
!Serverless{{efn|name=fn_6}}
!Binary format
![[Communications protocol|Protocol]]
![[Communication protocol|Protocol]]
|-
! {{rh}} | [[3GPP|3GPP standards]]
| [[Friedhelm Hillebrand]]
| 1985
| [[{{Proprietary protocol|Proprietary]]}}
| Phone number (e.g. +123456789015550123)
| {{Yes}}
| {{No}}
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| {{yes|[[Rich Communication Services|RCS]]}}
| {{No}}
| {{dunno}}
| {{dunno}}
! [[3GPP|3GPP standards]]
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| {{No}}
| {{Yes}}
| {{dunno}}
![[Bitmessage]]
|-
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| Apple Inc.
| 2002 August
| {{Proprietary}} Freeware; portions under the Apache license
| Username
| {{No}}
Line 119 ⟶ 124:
| {{No}}
| {{yes}}
| {{dunno}}
![[Bonjour (software)|Bonjour]]
|-
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| {{No}}
| {{Yes}}
| {{dunno}}
![[Briar (software)|Briar]]
|-
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| Discord Inc.
| 2015 May 13
| [[{{Proprietary protocol|Proprietary]]}}
| Discord ID<ref>{{Cite web|title=Where can I find my User/Server/Message ID?|url=https://support.discord.com/hc/pl/articles/206346498-Where-can-I-find-my-User-Server-Message-ID-|website=discord.com|language=en}}</ref>
| {{yes}}
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| {{dunno}}
| {{no}}
| {{dunno}}
![[Discord (software)|Discord]]
|-
!{{rh}} class="table-rh" | [[dm3]]
|corpus.io / dm3.network
|2022
| {{free|Open Source (BSD)}}
|ENS (Ethereum Name Service)
| {{yes}}
Line 179 ⟶ 187:
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
| {{dunno}}
!dm3
|-
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| Key
| {{Yes}}
| {{Yes|Yes, optional}}
| {{Yes}}
| {{Yes}}
Line 199 ⟶ 208:
| {{Yes}}
| {{Yes}}
| {{dunno}}
![[Echo (communications protocol)|Echo]]
|-
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| GG Network
| 2000 Jul 17
| [[{{Proprietary protocol|Proprietary]]}}
| UIN<br />e.g. 12345678
| {{Yes}}
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| {{No}}
| {{No}}
| {{dunno}}
![[Gadu-Gadu]]
|-
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| {{free|[[Open standard]]}}
| [[Nickname]]![[User (computing)|Username]]@[[hostname]]<br />(or "hostmask")<br />e.g. user!~usr@a.b.com{{efn|name=fn_1}}
| {{partialyes2|Yes, but via aIRCv3<ref>{{cite web |title=chathistory Extension |url=https://ircv3.net/specs/extensions/chathistory |website=ircv3.net |access-date=25 February 2023}}</ref> memoor systemMemoServ that differs from the main system}}
| {{optional}}
| {{partial|Yes, depending on individual server support}}
| {{lost|Many implementations which are mostly non-interoperable with other IRC clients}}<ref>{{cite web |last1=Gioia |first1=Antonio |title=IRC with SSL and OTR encryption |url=https://www.antoniogioia.com/irc-with-ssl-and-otr/ |access-date=28 December 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Secure encryption layer for the IRC protocol based on OpenPGP. |url=https://weechat.org/scripts/source/ircrypt.py.html/}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=encrypted DCC - SDCC - SCHAT |url=https://forums.mirc.com/ubbthreads.php/topics/234584/encrypted-dcc-sdcc-schat}}</ref>
| {{partial|OTR by DM to client-to-client only}}
| {{No}}{{efn|name=fn_3|Scalability issue: The protocol gets increasingly inefficient with the number of contacts.{{#tag:ref|{{IETF RFC|1324}}, D. Reed, 1992. 2.5.1, Size}}{{#tag:ref|[http://www.psyc.eu/synconf Functionality provided by systems for synchronous conferencing], C.v. Loesch, 1992. 1.2.1 Growth}}}}
| {{No}}
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| {{partial|Medium}}
| {{Yes}} (everyone, multiple simultaneous, any size)
| {{lost|many implementations which are incompatible with other IRC clients<ref>{{cite web |title=dcc.voice |url=http://www.kvirc.net/doc/cmd_dcc.voice.html |website=kvirc.net |access-date=25 February 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=VoIRC |website=[[GitHub]] |url=https://github.com/asiekierka/voirc}}</ref>}}
| {{No}}
| {{No}}
| {{Yes}}
| {{Nopartial|via BNC}}
| {{Noyes2|yes, via DCC CHAT}}
| {{dunno}}
![[Internet Relay Chat|IRC]]
|-
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| {{No}}
| {{Yes}}
| {{dunno}}
![[Jami (software)|Jami]] (based on [[Distributed hash table|DHT]] and [[Session Initiation Protocol|SIP]])
|-
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| @[[Username]]:[[Hostname]] (<abbr title="Matrix User ID">MXID</abbr>)
| {{Yes}}
| {{YesIncluded|Yes, mandatory}}
| {{Yes|Yes, default for private conversations<ref>{{Cite web|title=Cross-signing and End-to-end Encryption by Default is HERE!!!|url=https://matrix.org/blog/2020/05/06/cross-signing-and-end-to-end-encryption-by-default-is-here|website=Matrix.org|language=en|access-date=2020-05-08}}</ref>}}
| {{Yes}}
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| {{Yes}}
| {{Yes}}
| {{No}}
| {{partial|Under development<ref>{{cite web |title=Introducing P2P Matrix |url=https://matrix.org/blog/2020/06/02/introducing-p-2-p-matrix |website=matrix.org |publisher=The Matrix.org Foundation |access-date=19 June 2021}}</ref>}}
| {{dunno}}
![[Matrix (communication protocol)|Matrix]]
|-
! [[Mattermost]]
| Mattermost Inc
| 2015 October 2
| {{free|[[Open standard]]}}
|
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|
|
| {{dunno}}
!
|-
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| [[Microsoft]]
| 1999 Jul
| [[{{Proprietary protocol|Proprietary]]}}
| [[Email address]] ([[Microsoft account]])
| {{Yes}}
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| {{Yes}}
| {{No}}
| {{dunno}}
![[Microsoft Notification Protocol|MSNP]] ([[Windows Live Messenger]], etc.)
|-
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| 2013 Aug
| {{free|[[Open standard]]}}
| Phone number (e.g. +123456789015550123), nickname (e.g. @example)
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
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| {{yes}}, contact blocking
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}<ref>{{cite web |url=https://telegram.org/blog/calls |title = Voice Calls: Secure, Crystal-Clear, AI-Powered| date=30 March 2017 }}</ref>
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
| {{No}}
| {{dunno}}
|MTProto ([[Telegram (software)|Telegram]])
|-
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| {{No}}
| {{No}}
| {{dunno}}
![[Mumble (software)|Mumble]]
|-
! [[Line (software)|LINE]]
| [[LineLY Corporation]]
| 2011 June 23
| [[{{Proprietary protocol|Proprietary]]}}
| LINE ID, Phone Number
|
|
|
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|
|
| {{dunno}}
!
|-
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| [[AOL]]
| 1997
| [[{{Proprietary protocol|Proprietary]]}} (Discontinued 15-Dec-2017)<ref>{{cite web |url=https://aimemories.tumblr.com/post/166091776077/aimemories |title = AOL INSTANT MESSENGER (AIM) — One Last Away Message}}</ref>
| [[User (computing)|Username]], Email Address or [[ICQ#UIN|UIN]]<br />e.g. 12345678
| {{Yes}}
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| {{No}}
| {{No}}
| {{dunno}}
![[OSCAR protocol|OSCAR]] ([[AOL Instant Messenger|AIM]], [[ICQ]])
|-
|Revolt
|[[Revolt (Online Communication Software)|Revolt]]
|2021
|{{Free|AGPLv3}}
|Username and discriminator (e.g. MysticPixie#7495)<ref>{{Cite web |title=Usernames are Evolving - Revolt |url=https://revolt.chat/posts/evolving-usernames |access-date=2025-01-22 |website=revolt.chat}}</ref>
|{{Yes}}
|{{Yes}}
|{{No}}
|
|
|
|
|{{Yes}}
|{{Yes}}
|{{No}}
|{{Yes}}
|
|{{No}}
|{{dunno}}
![[Revolt (Online Communication Software)|Revolt]]
|-
! {{rh}} class="table-rh" |[[Rendezvous protocol|RVP]] ([[Windows Messenger]], etc.)
| [[Microsoft]]
| 1997 Mar
| [[{{Proprietary protocol|Proprietary]]}} (Discontinued)
| Windows Active Directory Login
| {{No}}
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| {{No}}
| {{No}}
|
| {{dunno}}
![[Rendezvous protocol|RVP]] ([[Windows Messenger]], etc.)
|-
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| {{No}}
| {{Yes}}
| {{dunno}}
![[Ricochet (software)|Ricochet]]
|-
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| {{Yes}}
| {{Yes}}
| {{dunno}}
![[Serval Project]]
|-
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| 2014 Feb<ref>{{cite web|last1=Marlinspike|first1=Moxie|title=The New TextSecure: Privacy Beyond SMS|url=https://whispersystems.org/blog/the-new-textsecure/|publisher=Open Whisper Systems|access-date=12 December 2015|date=24 February 2014}}</ref>
|{{free|[[Open standard]]}}
|Phone number (e.g. +123456789015550123)
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
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|{{yes}}
|{{no}}
| {{dunno}}
![[Signal Protocol]]
|-
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| {{Yes}}
| {{Yes}}
| {{Yes}}, through WebRTC<ref name="SimpleXv4.6">{{Cite web |date=Mar 28, 2023 |title=SimpleX Chat v4.6 – with hidden profiles, community moderation, improved audio/video calls and reduced battery usage. |url=https://simplex.chat/blog/20230328-simplex-chat-v4-6-hidden-profiles.html |access-date=2023-05-09 |website=simplex.chat |language=en}}</ref>
| {{No|Planned implementation}}
| {{Yes}}, through WebRTC<ref name="SimpleXv4.6" />
| {{No|Planned implementation}}
| {{Yes}}
|
|
|
|{{no}}
| {{dunno}}
!SimpleX Messaging Protocol
|-
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| {{Yes}}
| {{No}}
| {{Depends}} on implementation
| {{dunno}}
![[Session Initiation Protocol|SIP]]/[[SIMPLE (instant messaging protocol)|SIMPLE]]
|-
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| [[Skype]]
| 2003 Aug
| [[{{Proprietary}} protocol|Proprietary]](Discontinued)
| [[User (computing)|Username]]
| {{Yes}}
Line 538 ⟶ 586:
| {{No}}
| {{No}}
| {{dunno}}
![[Skype protocol|Skype]]
|-
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| [[Valve Corporation|Valve]]
| 2003 Sep 12
| [[{{Proprietary protocol|Proprietary]]}}
| SteamID/Username or Unique Number
| {{Yes}}
Line 558 ⟶ 607:
| {{No}}
| {{No}}
| {{dunno}}
![[Steam (service)|Steam Friends]]
|-
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|TeamSpeak Systems GmbH
|2001 Aug
|[[{{Proprietary protocol|Proprietary]]}}
|Unique ID in base64
| {{No}}
Line 578 ⟶ 628:
|
|
| {{dunno}}
!
|-
Line 583 ⟶ 634:
| [[AOL]]
| 2005 Sep
| [[{{Proprietary protocol|Proprietary]]}} (Discontinued)
| [[User (computing)|Username]] or [[ICQ#UIN|UIN]]<br />e.g. 12345678
| {{Yes}}
Line 598 ⟶ 649:
| {{dunno}}
| {{No}}
| {{dunno}}
![[TOC protocol|TOC2]]
|-
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|
|
| {{dunno}}
!
|-
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| {{Yes}}<ref>{{Cite web|title=File sharing : Trade files, with no artificial limits or caps.|url=https://tox.chat/|website=tox.chat|language=en|access-date=2021-06-18}}</ref>
| {{Yes}}
| {{dunno}}
![[Tox (protocol)|TOX]] (based on [[Distributed hash table|DHT]])
|-
Line 643 ⟶ 697:
| [[Tuenti]]
| 2006
| {{Proprietary}}
| [[User (computing)|Username]]
| {{Yes}}
Line 658 ⟶ 712:
| {{dunno}}
| {{No}}
| {{dunno}}
![[Tuenti]]
|-
![[WeChat]]
| [[Tencent]]
| 2011
| {{Proprietary}}
| Username
| Yes
| Yes
| No
| Yes
| Yes
| Yes
| No
| Yes
| Yes
| Yes
| No
| No
| No
| {{dunno}}
![[WeChat]]
|-
! {{rh}} |[[Windows Messenger service]]
| [[Microsoft]]
| 1990
| [[{{Proprietary protocol|Proprietary]]}} (Discontinued)
| NetBIOS
| {{Yes}}
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| {{No}}
| {{No}}
| {{dunno}}
![[Windows Messenger service]]
|-
Line 685 ⟶ 762:
| {{free|[[Open standard]]}}
| [[Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol|Jabber ID]] (JID)<br />e.g. usr@a.b.c/home{{efn|name=fn_2}}
| {{Yes}}<ref>{{cite web |title=XEP-0313: Message Archive Management |url=https://xmpp.org/extensions/xep-0313.html}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=XEP-0184: Message Delivery Receipts |url=https://xmpp.org/extensions/xep-0184.html}}</ref>
| {{Yes}}<ref>{{cite web|title=XEP-0368: SRV records for XMPP over TLS|date=20 August 2019 |url=https://xmpp.org/extensions/xep-0368.html}}</ref>
| {{Optional}}<ref>{{cite web |title=XEP-0420: Stanza Content Encryption |url=https://xmpp.org/extensions/xep-0420.html}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=XEP-0027: Current Jabber OpenPGP Usage|url=https://xmpp.org/extensions/xep-0027.html|website=xmpp.org|access-date=2020-03-09|date=2014-03-14}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=XEP-0373: OpenPGP for XMPP|url=https://xmpp.org/extensions/xep-0373.html|website=xmpp.org|access-date=2020-03-09|date=2018-07-30}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=XEP-0384: OMEMO Encryption|url=https://xmpp.org/extensions/xep-0384.html|website=xmpp.org|access-date=2020-03-09|date=2018-07-31}}</ref>
| {{Yes}}
| {{Yes}}<ref>.eg route.all-resource in OpenFire</ref>
| {{Yes}}<ref>{{cite web|title=XEP-0368: SRV records for XMPP over TLS|url=https://xmpp.org/extensions/xep-0368.html}}</ref>
| {{Optional}}<ref>{{cite web|title=XEP-0027: Current Jabber OpenPGP Usage|url=https://xmpp.org/extensions/xep-0027.html|website=xmpp.org|access-date=2020-03-09|date=2014-03-14}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=XEP-0373: OpenPGP for XMPP|url=https://xmpp.org/extensions/xep-0373.html|website=xmpp.org|access-date=2020-03-09|date=2018-07-30}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=XEP-0384: OMEMO Encryption|url=https://xmpp.org/extensions/xep-0384.html|website=xmpp.org|access-date=2020-03-09|date=2018-07-31}}</ref>
| {{Yes}}
| {{Yes}}
| {{Yes}}<ref name="xmpp muc">{{cite web|title=XEP-0045: Multi-User Chat|url=https://xmpp.org/extensions/xep-0045.html|website=xmpp.org|access-date=2020-03-09|date=2019-05-15}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=XEP-0060: Publish-Subscribe|url=https://xmpp.org/extensions/xep-0060.html|website=xmpp.org|access-date=2020-03-09|date=2019-10-06}}</ref>
| {{Yes}}<ref>{{cite web|title=Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol (XMPP): Instant Messaging and Presence|url=https://xmpp.org/rfcs/rfc6121.html#blocking|website=xmpp.org|access-date=2020-03-09|date=March 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=XEP-0159: Spim-Blocking Control|url=https://xmpp.org/extensions/xep-0159.html|website=xmpp.org|access-date=2020-03-09|date=2006-07-11}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=XEP-0161: Abuse Reporting|url=https://xmpp.org/extensions/xep-0161.html|website=xmpp.org|access-date=2020-03-09|date=2007-05-06}}</ref>
Line 695 ⟶ 772:
| {{Yes|Yes, via [[Jingle (protocol)|Jingle]]}}
| {{Yes|Yes, via [[Jingle (protocol)|Jingle]]}}
| {{Yes}}<ref>{{cite web |title=XEP-0363: HTTP File Upload |url=https://xmpp.org/extensions/xep-0363.html}}</ref>
| {{Yes}}
| {{yes}}<ref>{{cite web|title=XEP-0280: Message Carbons|url=https://xmpp.org/extensions/xep-0280.html|website=xmpp.org|access-date=13 December 2018|date=2017-02-16}}</ref>
| {{Optional}}<ref>{{cite web|title=XEP-0174: Serverless Messaging|url=https://xmpp.org/extensions/xep-0174.html|website=xmpp.org|access-date=1 November 2017|date=26 November 2008}}</ref>
| {{yes}}<ref>{{cite web |title=XEP-0231: Bits of Binary |url=https://xmpp.org/extensions/xep-0231.html}}</ref>
![[Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol|XMPP]]
|-
Line 703 ⟶ 781:
| [[Yahoo!]]
| 1998, March 9
| [[{{Proprietary protocol|Proprietary]]}}
| [[User (computing)|Username]]
| {{Yes}}
Line 718 ⟶ 796:
| {{No}}
| {{No}}
| {{dunno}}
![[Yahoo! Messenger Protocol|YMSG]] ([[Yahoo! Messenger]])
|-
Line 738 ⟶ 817:
| {{No}}
| {{No}}
| {{dunno}}
![[Zephyr (protocol)|Zephyr Notification Service]]
|-
Line 758 ⟶ 838:
!Media synchronization
!Serverless{{efn|name=fn_6}} (decentralized)
!Binary format
![[Communications protocol|Protocol]]
![[Communication protocol|Protocol]]
|}
{{notelist|refs=
Line 772 ⟶ 853:
*[[Comparison of Internet Relay Chat clients]]
*[[Comparison of LAN messengers]]
*[[Comparison of software and protocols for distributed social networking]]
*[[LAN messenger]]
*[[Secure instant messaging]]