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====Other notations====
In some countries such as [[Germany]], the above multiplication is depicted similarly but with the original product kept horizontal and computation starting with the first digit of the multiplier:<ref>{{Cite web |title=Multiplication |url=
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====History of quarter square multiplication====
In prehistoric time, quarter square multiplication involved [[Floor and ceiling functions|floor function]]; that some sources<ref>{{citation |title= Quarter Tables Revisited: Earlier Tables, Division of Labor in Table Construction, and Later Implementations in Analog Computers |last=McFarland |first=David|url=
Antoine Voisin published a table of quarter squares from 1 to 1000 in 1817 as an aid in multiplication. A larger table of quarter squares from 1 to 100000 was published by Samuel Laundy in 1856,<ref>{{Citation |title=Reviews |journal=The Civil Engineer and Architect's Journal |year=1857 |pages=54–55 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gcNAAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA54 |postscript=.}}</ref> and a table from 1 to 200000 by Joseph Blater in 1888.<ref>{{Citation|title=Multiplying with quarter squares |first=Neville |last=Holmes| journal=The Mathematical Gazette |volume=87 |issue=509 |year=2003 |pages=296–299 |jstor=3621048|postscript=.|doi=10.1017/S0025557200172778 |s2cid=125040256 }}</ref>
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===Basic arithmetic===
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===Advanced algorithms===
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{{Number-theoretic algorithms}}
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