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{{Short description|Rail company using third-party infrastructure}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2016}}
{{Use British English|date=November 2016}}
[[File:D-A-Independent inter-city rail.png|thumb|Map of private long-distance passenger rail services in Central Europe]]
In [[rail transport]], an '''open-access operator''' is an operator that takes full commercial risk, running on infrastructure owned by a third party and buying [[Train path|paths]] on a chosen route and, in countries where rail services run under franchises, are not subject to franchising.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Abrams|first=Martin|date=July 2015|title=Passenger's Guide to Franchising|url=https://bettertransport.org.uk/sites/default/files/research-files/franchising-guide.pdf|access-date=4 September 2020|website=Better Transport|page=4}}</ref>
==
=== Austria ===
* [[RegioJet]]
* [[WESTbahn]]
====In development====
* Silverstar Railways<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-11-22 |title=[passenger] A new star is born: Silverstar Railways plans domestic and international train services |url=https://railcolornews.com/2024/11/22/passenger-a-new-star-is-born-silverstar-railways-plans-domestic-and-international-train-services/ |access-date=2025-02-10 |website=Railcolor News |language=en-GB}}</ref>
=== Czech Republic ===
Line 16 ⟶ 20:
* [[Eurostar]]
* [[European Sleeper]]<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Nachttrein Berlijn - Boek een slaaptrein bij European Sleeper |url=https://www.europeansleeper.eu/ |access-date=2023-05-08 |website=European Sleeper |language=nl}}</ref>
=== France ===
* [[
* [[Trenitalia France]]
* [[Renfe]]<ref>{{Cite web |last=Preston |first=Robert |date=2023-06-13 |title=Renfe’s French subsidiary ready for business |url=https://www.railjournal.com/passenger/high-speed/renfes-french-subsidiary-ready-for-business/ |access-date=2023-07-03 |website=International Railway Journal |language=en-GB}}</ref>
* [[Izy]]▼
====In development====
* [[Le Train]]
* Velvet<ref>{{Cite web |title=Alstom receives an order from Proxima for 12 Avelia Horizon very high-speed trains, including 15 years of maintenance |url=https://www.alstom.com/press-releases-news/2024/10/alstom-receives-order-proxima-12-avelia-horizon-very-high-speed-trains-including-15-years-maintenance |access-date=2024-12-24 |website=Alstom |language=en}}</ref>
* Kevin Speed<ref>{{Cite web |title=About |url=https://www.kevin-rail.com/english |access-date=2023-05-08 |website=www.kevin-rail.com}}</ref>
=== Germany ===
* [[Eurostar]]
* [[FlixTrain]]
* Harz-Berlin-Express
* [[Nightjet]]
* [[WESTbahn]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=WESTbahn |url=https://westbahn.at/en |access-date=2022-03-29 |website=westbahn.at |language=en}}</ref>
* [[European Sleeper]]<ref name=":0" />
====Former operators====
Line 39 ⟶ 51:
* [[Nightjet]]
* [[Nuovo Trasporto Viaggiatori|NTV]] (Italo)
* [[Arenaways]]
=== Netherlands ===
* [[European Sleeper]]<ref name=":0" />
* [[Arriva]] night services<ref>{{Cite web |title=Arriva launches national night services in the Netherlands |url=https://www.railjournal.com/passenger/main-line/arriva-launches-national-night-services-in-the-netherlands/ |access-date=2022-12-27 |website=railjournal.com |language=en}}</ref>
====In
* GoVolta<ref>{{Cite web |last=Vosman |first=Quintus |date=2023-12-07 |title=GoVolta to run day trains from Amsterdam to Paris, Berlin and Basel |url=https://www.railjournal.com/passenger/main-line/govolta-to-run-day-trains-from-amsterdam-to-paris-berlin-and-basel/ |access-date=2024-12-25 |website=International Railway Journal |language=en-GB}}</ref>
* Heuro<ref>{{Cite web |title=HEURO |url=https://www.heurotrain.com/ |access-date=2024-12-25 |website=www.heurotrain.com |language=en}}</ref>
* [[Qbuzz]] international services<ref>{{Cite web |last=Geerts |first=Esther |date=2023-06-12 |title=Arriva and Qbuzz request access for trains between the Netherlands and Paris |url=https://www.railtech.com/infrastructure/2023/06/12/arriva-and-qbuzz-request-access-for-trains-between-the-netherlands-and-paris/ |access-date=2024-12-25 |website=RailTech.com |language=en-GB}}</ref>
=== Poland ===
* [[LEO Express]]
==== In development ====
* [[FlixTrain]]<ref>{{Cite web |last=Wintle |first=Thomas |date=
=== Romania ===
* [[Astra Trans Carpatic]]
* [[Regio Călători]]
* [[Softrans]]
* [[Transferoviar Grup]]
=== Slovakia ===
Line 63 ⟶ 87:
=== Sweden ===
* [[
▲*[[FlixTrain]]<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-04-14|title=FlixTrain starts ticket sale in Sweden {{!}} RailTech.com|url=https://www.railtech.com/infrastructure/2021/04/14/flixtrain-starts-ticket-sale-in-sweden/|access-date=2021-05-12|website=RailTech.com {{!}} Online News for the Railway Industry|language=en-GB}}</ref>
▲* [[MTRX]]<ref>{{Cite news |url=http://www.railwaygazette.com/news/passenger/single-view/view/mtr-launches-open-access-inter-city-service.html |title=MTR launches open access inter-city service |date=23 March 2015 |work=[[Railway Gazette International]] |access-date=2017-05-20}}</ref>
* [[Snälltåget]] ([[Transdev]]) (Malmö–Stockholm–Åre)
* [[TÅGAB]]
* [[SJ AB]]{{refn|group=note|name=n3|Most services run open-access with the exception of Stockholm - Duved, Stockholm - Hamburg and services run by subsidiaries.}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=SJ-koncernen |url=https://www.sj.se/om-sj/sj-koncernen |access-date=2024-05-23 |website=SJ |language=sv}}</ref>
====Former operators====
* Blå Tåget
* [[Saga Rail]]
*[[FlixTrain]]<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-04-14|title=FlixTrain starts ticket sale in Sweden {{!}} RailTech.com|url=https://www.railtech.com/infrastructure/2021/04/14/flixtrain-starts-ticket-sale-in-sweden/|access-date=2021-05-12|website=RailTech.com {{!}} Online News for the Railway Industry|language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Flixtrain lämnar Sverige – Järnvägar.nu |url=https://jarnvagar.nu/flixtrain-lamnar-sverige/ |access-date=2024-06-02 }}</ref>
* [https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sydv%C3%A4sten Sydvästen]
===United Kingdom===
Line 80 ⟶ 106:
====In development====
*[[Wrexham, Shropshire & Midlands Railway]]
*[[Virgin Trains]]
* [[Grand Union (train operating company)|Grand Union]]▼
*Gemini Trains
*Evolyn
*FS Italiane
*Alliance Rail (Marchwood-Southampton)
====Former operators====
*[[Wrexham & Shropshire]] (ceased trading January 2011)
====Former proposals====
* [[Alliance Rail Holdings]] (company dissolved) <ref>{{Cite web |title=ALLIANCE RAIL HOLDINGS LTD |url=http://data.companieshouse.gov.uk/doc/company/07026295 |access-date=2023-06-15 |website=data.companieshouse.gov.uk}}</ref>
* [[First Harrogate Trains]]
▲* [[Grand Union (train operating company)|Grand Union]] (purchased by [[FirstGroup]])
* [[Glasgow Trains]]
* [[Platinum Trains]]
==Notes==
{{reflist|group=note}}
==References==
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