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{{Windows 11}}
Major As a current release, the operating system receives annual feature enhancements,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Windows 11 release information |url=https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/release-health/windows11-release-information |access-date=August 31, 2024}}</ref> such as the addition of [[artificial intelligence]] features like [[Microsoft Copilot]] which launched in 2023.<ref>{{Cite web |date=September 21, 2023 |title=Announcing Microsoft Copilot, your everyday AI companion |url=https://blogs.microsoft.com/blog/2023/09/21/announcing-microsoft-copilot-your-everyday-ai-companion/ |access-date=August 31, 2024}}</ref>
==Windows Shell==
{{Main|Windows shell}}
* '''[[Fluent Design System]]:''' Updates the Fluent Design System, a [[design language]] introduced by [[Microsoft]] in 2017,<ref>{{Cite news|date=May 11, 2017|title=Fluent Design is Microsoft's new modern UI for Windows and more|url=https://www.theverge.com/2017/5/11/15615812/microsoft-fluent-design-system-project-neon-features|access-date=May 11, 2017|website=The Verge}}</ref> are featured in Windows 11. According to Microsoft, the design of Windows 11 is "effortless, calm, personal, familiar, complete, and coherent."<ref>{{Cite web|last=hickeys|title=Windows 11 design principles - Windows apps|url=https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/apps/design/signature-experiences/design-principles|access-date=June 29, 2021|website=docs.microsoft.com|date=June 24, 2021 |language=en-us}}</ref> The redesign focuses on simplicity, [[ease of use]], and flexibility,<ref name="
* '''[[Start menu|Start Menu]]:''' The Start menu has been significantly redesigned in Windows 11, adhering to the principles of the updated Fluent Design System. The menu has now been moved to the center by default, with an option to move it back to the left side. The Live Tiles feature introduced in [[Windows 8]] is replaced by a set of pinned apps and a new cloud-powered "Recommended" section that shows recently opened files and documents from any ___location, including a [[Personal computer|PC]], a [[smartphone]], and [[
* '''[[Taskbar]]:''' The Taskbar has also been center-aligned, and now includes new animations for pinning, rearranging, minimizing, and switching apps on the [[Taskbar]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=Warren|first=Tom|date=June 15, 2021|title=Windows 11 leak reveals new UI, Start menu, and more|url=https://www.theverge.com/2021/6/15/22535123/microsoft-windows-11-leak-screenshots-start-menu|access-date=September 13, 2021|website=The Verge|language=en}}</ref> The buttons can still be moved to the left-hand corner as in
* '''Notification Center & Quick Settings:''' The [[Action Center]] from Windows 10 has been replaced by a Notification Center and a Quick Settings menu, both accessible from the lower-right corner of the Taskbar. The Notification Center contains all the user's notifications and a full-month calendar, while the Quick Settings menu lets the user manage common PC settings quickly and easily like Volume, [[Brightness]], [[Wi-Fi]], [[Bluetooth]], and
* '''[[
* '''Themes:''' In addition to new default themes on Windows 11 for both Light and [[Light-on-dark color scheme|Dark mode]], it also includes four new additional themes. Windows 11 also adds new high-contrast themes for people with visual impairments.
* '''Sounds:''' Windows 11 introduces a new set of system sounds. The sounds are slightly different depending on whether the theme is set to light or dark mode. In addition, a new Windows startup sound replaces the one used since Windows Vista.
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* '''Snap Layouts:''' Users can now hover over a window's maximize button to view available snap layouts, and then click a zone to snap the window. They will then be guided to snap windows to the rest of the zones within the layout using a guided snap assist. There is a set of four available snap layouts on smaller screens.
* '''Snap Groups:''' Snap groups are a way to easily switch back to a set of snapped windows, which are stored in the grouped app's taskbar icons.
* '''Virtual Desktops:'''
* '''Docking:''' When the user undocks a laptop, the windows on the monitor will be minimized, and when the laptop is redocked to a monitor, Windows will put everything where it was before.
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* '''Touch Keyboard:''' Windows 11 introduces thirteen new themes to customize the touch keyboard, including 3 hardware-matching themes that match the [[Microsoft Surface|Surface]] keyboard colors. It also adds a new theme engine that allows the user to create a custom theme using background images. In addition, Windows 11 adds the ability to resize the touch keyboard.
* '''Voice Typing:''' Windows 11 includes a new voice typing launcher to easily start voice typing in a selected field. It is turned off by default, but it can be turned on in Settings and placed in any area of the screen.
* '''Touch Improvements:''' Windows 11 also features an improvement to touch-based interactions. Tablet mode is removed;<ref name="
* '''Pen Menu:''' For digital pen users, a new pen menu has been added, which is accessible by clicking the pen icon on the taskbar. By default, it contains two apps that can be customized by clicking the gear icon and selecting "Edit pen menu". In the flyout, users can add up to four of their favorite drawing or writing apps to the pen menu to open them quickly when using a pen.
* '''Language and Input Switcher:''' A switcher that will show up next to the Quick Settings menu allows the user to switch languages and keyboard layouts. Users can press the Windows + Spacebar keyboard shortcut to toggle between input methods.
==Display improvements==
* '''Dynamic refresh rate''' automatically increases the [[refresh rate]] when scrolling or when using the inking function in some applications. It can also lower the refresh rate, when possible, to save battery power.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.theverge.com/2021/6/29/22555295/microsoft-windows-11-dynamic-refresh-rate-laptops|title=Windows 11 includes new Dynamic Refresh Rate feature to save laptop battery life|date=June 29, 2021|publisher=The Verge|access-date=August 12, 2024}}</ref>
* Auto HDR.
*
* HDR support to color-managed apps.
* HDR certification.
* '''[[DirectStorage]]:''' Originally introduced with the [[Xbox Series X and Series S]], it requires a graphics card supporting [[DirectX|DirectX 12 Ultimate]], and an [[NVMe]] [[solid-state drive]].<ref name="Warren2021"/><ref name="Machkovech"/>
==Hardware support==
* Supports [[WPA3]].
* Supports [[NVMe]] 2.0.
* Since Windows 11, [[Device Manager]] supports to view and manage installed drivers with click "View - Drivers".
==Windows Subsystem for Android (WSA)==
{{See also|Project Astoria|Windows Subsystem for Linux}}
Windows 11 allows users to install and run [[Android (operating system)#Applications|Android apps]] on their devices using the new Windows Subsystem for [[Android (operating system)|Android]] (WSA) and the [[Android Open Source Project]] (AOSP). This runs with [[Intel]] Bridge Technology, a [[Just-in-time compilation|runtime post-compiler]] that enables apps written for other [[Computer architecture|architectures]] to run on [[x86]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Intel's Bridge technology will allow Android apps to run natively on Windows 11|url=https://www.engadget.com/intel-bridge-windows-11-android-apps-181527847.html|access-date=June 29, 2021|website=Engadget|date=June 24, 2021 |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Intel Core Processors and Intel Bridge Technology Unleash Windows 11...|url=https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/newsroom/news/intel-tech-unleashes-windows-experience.html|access-date=June 29, 2021|website=Intel|language=en}}</ref> These apps can be obtained from the [[Microsoft Store]] via the [[Amazon Appstore]],<ref name="
On March 5, 2024, Microsoft announced the termination of this feature in the updated support document of WSA: "As a result, the Amazon Appstore on Windows and all applications and games dependent on WSA will no longer be supported beginning March 5, 2025. Until then, technical support will remain available to customers".<ref>{{Cite web |last=mattwojo |date=2024-03-05 |title=Windows Subsystem for Android™️ |url=https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/android/wsa/ |access-date=2024-05-16 |website=learn.microsoft.com |language=en-us}}</ref>
==Windows 11 on
In Windows 11 on
==Bundled software==
* '''[[Microsoft Store]]''', which serves as a unified storefront for apps and other content, is also redesigned in Windows 11. Microsoft now allows developers to distribute [[Windows API]], [[progressive web application]]s, and other packaging technologies in the Microsoft Store, alongside the standard [[Universal Windows Platform apps]].<ref>{{Cite web|date=June 24, 2021|title=Microsoft is committed to the Microsoft Store with Windows 11|url=https://www.windowscentral.com/more-app-more-stores-more-money-windows-11-win-developers|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210625222845/https://www.windowscentral.com/more-app-more-stores-more-money-windows-11-win-developers|archive-date=June 25, 2021|access-date=June 25, 2021|website=Windows Central}}</ref> The new Microsoft Store will also enable users to install [[Android (operating system)|Android]] apps onto their devices via the [[Amazon Appstore]]. This feature will require a Microsoft account, an Amazon account, and a one-time install for Windows Amazon Appstore client.<ref name="
* '''[[Microsoft Teams]]:''' This collaboration platform is directly integrated into Windows 11. [[Skype]] is no longer bundled with the OS.<ref name="Warren2021"/><ref>{{Cite web|last=Lawler|first=Richard|date=June 24, 2021|title=Microsoft didn't kill Skype, but Windows 11 is shoving it out of sight|url=https://www.theverge.com/2021/6/24/22549191/skype-windows-11-microsoft-teams|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210625050147/https://www.theverge.com/2021/6/24/22549191/skype-windows-11-microsoft-teams|archive-date=June 25, 2021|access-date=June 25, 2021|website=The Verge|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Welch|first=Chris|date=June 24, 2021|title=Microsoft Teams will be directly integrated as part of Windows 11|url=https://www.theverge.com/2021/6/24/22548738/microsoft-teams-windows-11-integration-announcement-features|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624170727/https://www.theverge.com/2021/6/24/22548738/microsoft-teams-windows-11-integration-announcement-features|archive-date=June 24, 2021|access-date=June 25, 2021|website=The Verge|language=en}}</ref> Teams will appear as an icon in the Windows taskbar, letting users message and call their contacts instantly.<ref>{{Cite web|date=June 24, 2021|title=Microsoft unveils Windows 11, integrating Teams directly into flagship operating system|url=https://www.geekwire.com/2021/microsoft-unveils-windows-11-integrating-teams-directly-flagship-operating-system/|access-date=June 29, 2021|website=GeekWire|language=en-US}}</ref>
* '''[[Settings (Windows)|Settings]]:''' The app has been redesigned to be visually pleasing and easy to use in Windows 11. It has a left-handed navigation that persists between pages, and it adds breadcrumbs as the user navigates deeper into the settings to help them know where they are and to not get lost. The Settings app also includes brand new pages, with new controls at the top that highlight key information and frequently used settings for the user to adjust to their content. These new controls span across several category pages like System, Bluetooth & devices, Personalization, Accounts and Windows Update. It also adds expandable boxes for pages with many settings.
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* '''[[Windows Calculator|Calculator]]:''' Like the Snipping Tool, Calculator includes a new app theme setting. The Calculator has been completely rewritten in [[C Sharp (programming language)|C#]] and includes several new features.
* '''[[Mail (Windows)|Mail and Calendar]]:''' These apps have been updated with a new visual style. They include rounded corners and other adjustments to make them look and feel more inclusive on Windows 11.
* '''[[
* '''[[Microsoft Tips|Tips]]:''' Windows 11 introduces a refreshed Tips app with a new look and additional UI updates. It comes with over 100 new tips to get started with Windows 11 or to learn new things.
* '''[[Microsoft Paint|Paint]]:''' One of the oldest Windows apps, which remained unchanged since [[Windows 7]], has been given an updated user interface with rounded corners and the Mica material for Windows 11. The most prominent change to Paint is a new simplified toolbar, a rounded color palette, and a new set of drop-down menus. AI features have also been introduced, including background removal and an ability to generate images from text descriptions using DALL-E technology.<ref>{{Cite web |last=updated |first=Mauro Huculak last |date=2023-09-29 |title=What's new with the MS Paint layers on Windows 11 version 23H2 |url=https://www.windowscentral.com/software-apps/windows-11/whats-new-with-the-ms-paint-layers-september-update-for-windows-11 |access-date=2024-05-28 |website=Windows Central |language=en}}</ref>
* [[
*The [[Microsoft Office]] apps have been redesigned to align with Fluent Design.
*Windows 11 also features a new [[Windows Media Player (
* '''[[Xbox (app)|Xbox app]]''': An updated Xbox app is bundled with Windows 11.<ref name="SarkarPolygon">{{cite web|last=Sarkar|first=Samit|date=June 24, 2021|title=Xbox Game Pass is built into Windows 11|url=https://www.polygon.com/22548822/windows-11-xbox-game-pass-pc-auto-hdr-directstorage|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624163435/https://www.polygon.com/22548822/windows-11-xbox-game-pass-pc-auto-hdr-directstorage|archive-date=June 24, 2021|access-date=June 24, 2021|work=[[Polygon (website)|Polygon]]}}</ref><ref name="Machkovech">{{Cite web|last=Machkovech|first=Sam|date=June 24, 2021|title=DirectStorage on Windows 11: Next-gen gaming performance, with PC requirements|url=https://arstechnica.com/gaming/2021/06/gaming-on-windows-11-directstorage-api-auto-hdr-will-require-os-update/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210625203239/https://arstechnica.com/gaming/2021/06/gaming-on-windows-11-directstorage-api-auto-hdr-will-require-os-update/|archive-date=June 25, 2021|access-date=June 25, 2021|website=Ars Technica|language=en-us}}</ref> Features such as [[Xbox Cloud Gaming]] and [[Xbox Game Pass]] are integrated directly into the app.<ref name="SarkarPolygon"/>
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Microsoft promoted performance improvements such as smaller update sizes, faster web browsing in "any browser", faster wake time from sleep mode, and faster [[Windows Hello]] authentication.<ref name="Warren2021"/><ref>{{Cite web|last=Salter|first=Jim|date=June 24, 2021|title=Windows 11 is much more than a new theme slapped onto Windows 10|url=https://arstechnica.com/gadgets/2021/06/microsoft-details-windows-11-with-new-ui-and-android-app-support/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210625203309/https://arstechnica.com/gadgets/2021/06/microsoft-details-windows-11-with-new-ui-and-android-app-support/|archive-date=June 25, 2021|access-date=June 25, 2021|website=Ars Technica|language=en-us}}</ref>
As part of the minimum system requirements, Windows 11 only officially supports devices with a [[Trusted Platform Module|Trusted Platform Module 2.0]] security coprocessor.<ref name=":8">{{cite web|date=June 2021|title=Windows 11: Minimum Hardware Requirements|url=https://download.microsoft.com/download/7/8/8/788bf5ab-0751-4928-a22c-dffdc23c27f2/Minimum%20Hardware%20Requirements%20for%20Windows%2011.pdf|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624195007/https://download.microsoft.com/download/7/8/8/788bf5ab-0751-4928-a22c-dffdc23c27f2/Minimum%20Hardware%20Requirements%20for%20Windows%2011.pdf|archive-date=June 24, 2021|access-date=June 25, 2021|website=Microsoft}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Windows 11 won't work without a TPM - What you need to know|url=https://www.bleepingcomputer.com/news/microsoft/windows-11-wont-work-without-a-tpm-what-you-need-to-know/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210625193452/https://www.bleepingcomputer.com/news/microsoft/windows-11-wont-work-without-a-tpm-what-you-need-to-know/|archive-date=June 25, 2021|access-date=June 25, 2021|website=BleepingComputer|language=en-us}}</ref> According to Microsoft, TPM 2.0 is a "critical building block" for protection against firmware and hardware attacks. In addition, Microsoft now requires devices with Windows 11 to include Virtualization-Based Security (VBS), Hypervisor-Protected Code Integrity (HVCI), and [[
==See also==
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