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{{EngvarB|date=July 2020}}
{{International Baccalaureate}}
The '''International Baccalaureate Middle Years Programme''' ('''MYP''') is an educational programme for students between the ages of 11 and 16 around the world as part of the [[International Baccalaureate]] (IB) continuum. The Middle
It is used by
In the Middle
==Overview==
{{anchor|New chapter}}
In 2014 the International Baccalaureate Organisation introduced a new more flexible programme for the middle years, which was then called the '''MYP:Next Chapter''' but this by 2019 had transitioned into MYP.<ref name="Claremont 2017">{{cite web |last1=Azzem |first1=Tarek |title=MYP New Chapter Evaluation Report 2017 |url=https://ibo.org/globalassets/publications/ib-research/myp/myp-evaluation-report-2017-en.pdf |publisher=Claremont Graduate University |access-date=26 December 2020 |date=2017 |archive-date=19 April 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220419213443/https://ibo.org/globalassets/publications/ib-research/myp/myp-evaluation-report-2017-en.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> It was possible to embed local curriculum in the framework. The full strategy involve approaches to learning strategy, concept-driven teaching and the global context strategy, and school organisation with collective planning, vertical structuring and cooperation with the community.<ref name="Claremont 2017"/>▼
▲In 2014, the International Baccalaureate Organisation introduced a new more flexible programme for the middle years, which was then called the '''MYP: Next Chapter''',
{{anchor|Participation}}▼
In order to officially participate in an official IB Middle Years Programme, students must attend an authorised IB World School.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ibo.org/ibna/parents_students/generalfaq.cfm#f|work=ibo.org|title=General FAQ|access-date=2009-07-31|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090904131549/http://www.ibo.org/ibna/parents_students/generalfaq.cfm#f|archive-date=2009-09-04|url-status=dead}}</ref> In the U.S., the MYP is often taught throughout middle school and the first two years of high school. Typically, middle schools and high schools work in coordination with each other.<ref name=FCNP2016>{{citation|title=F.C.'s 4 Principals Share Passion For IB Program With School Board|date=10 May 2016|first=Nicholas F.|last=Benton|newspaper=Falls Church News-Press|url=https://fcnp.com/2016/05/10/f-c-s-4-principals-share-passion-for-ib-program-with-school-board/|access-date=1 August 2016|archive-date=6 August 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160806181418/https://fcnp.com/2016/05/10/f-c-s-4-principals-share-passion-for-ib-program-with-school-board/|url-status=live}}</ref>▼
▲{{anchor|Participation}}
A student receives at least 50 hours of instruction per year in each of eight subject groups each year though certain flexibility is permitted to reduce this to six during the final two years.The full programme lasts five years although shorter programmes, of two, three, or four years, could be negotiated in 2016.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title = Middle Years Programme |url = http://www.ibo.org/programmes/middle-years-programme/ |website = International Baccalaureate |access-date = 8 January 2016 |archive-date = 5 January 2016 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160105121002/http://www.ibo.org/programmes/middle-years-programme |url-status = live }}</ref>▼
▲
▲A student receives at least 50 hours of instruction per year in each of eight subject groups each year though certain flexibility is permitted to reduce this to six during the final two years. The full programme lasts five years although shorter programmes
===Learner profile===
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===Global Contexts===
There are six '''Global Contexts''' (GCs) which are applied to every unit of every course the student takes. They are designed to help students
The Global Contexts should be linked to
The Global Contexts are
# identities and relationships
# personal and cultural
#
# scientific and technical innovation
# fairness and development
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===Community service===
A core part of IB MYP is [[community service]]
Some schools and districts either require or highly encourage a set number of hours of community service to be completed by each student, while other schools may require students to complete the "Community Project" for students to complete the programme during Year 3 or 4.
===Personal Project===
The "Personal Project" is
==Curricular framework==
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|Arts
|-
|Physical and Health Education
|Physical Education
|-
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A student could take another "Language and Literature" course if they have sufficient proficiency in both (In MYP years 4&5 this could replace the Language Acquisition course). Schools are given much flexibility to allow them to introduce subjects they consider important and organize their own student [[Educational assessment|assessment]] and reporting procedures.
However, the MYP gives clear assessment criteria for each subject group. The criteria
=== IB MYP Certificate (Optional)===
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* Physical and health education, Arts, or Design
* The MYP Personal project
Within each area, the subject with the highest score, on the scale of 1 to 7 is counted, the results will be tallied to create a total out of 56. The pass mark is 28 and the candidate must meet the Service
{| class= "wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"
! colspan="4" |IB MYP Certificate eAssessment in 2016
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| rowspan="29" |Internally marked, externally moderated with Dynamic sampling
| rowspan="20" |Course Work ePortfolio
| rowspan="9" |Language Acquisition (a 1:1 oral exam sent for external moderation)
|Arabic
|-
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|Hindi
|-
|
|-
|Spanish
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|Visual art
|-
|Media arts
|-
|
|-
|Theatre
|-
|Music
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|Dance
|-
|
|-
|Physical and Health Education
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|-
| rowspan="3" |Design<ref name=":1" />
| -
|-
|
|-
|
|-
| rowspan="9" |MYP Personal Project
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|Moderation in Turkish
|-
|colspan=4|
|-
|colspan=4|
|-
|colspan=4|
|}
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Each subject group uses four criteria to mark a student's ability in the subject. At the end of the year, teachers give a final score, out of eight, on each criterion based on the student's performance throughout the whole year.
:{| class="wikitable"
! colspan="2" |MYP: Next chapter grade boundaries
|-
!Total Criteria Levels
!Grade
|-
|
|1
|-
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|7
|}
The scores of the four criteria are added up and converted to a grade out of seven. This grade is meant to demonstrate the student's overall ability in the subject, with 1 being the
{{hidden begin|titlestyle=background:lightgray;
▲| title = MYP:Next Chapter Criteria for Each Subject Group }}
'''Language and Literature<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ibo.org/globalassets/digital-tookit/brochures/myp-brief_language-literature_2015.pdf|title=International Baccalaureate Middle Years Programme Subject Brief : Language and literature|website=Ibo.org|access-date=6 December 2017|archive-date=13 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171013131903/http://www.ibo.org/globalassets/digital-tookit/brochures/myp-brief_language-literature_2015.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref>'''
* A:
* B: Organizing
* C: Producing Text
* D: Using Language
'''Language Acquisition<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ibo.org/globalassets/digital-tookit/brochures/myp-brief_language-acquisition_2015.pdf|title=International Baccalaureate Middle Years Programme Subject Brief : Language Acquisition|website=Ibo.org|access-date=6 December 2017|archive-date=15 December 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171215111123/http://www.ibo.org/globalassets/digital-tookit/brochures/myp-brief_language-acquisition_2015.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref>'''
* A: Listening
* B: Reading
* C: Speaking
* D: Writing
'''Individuals and Societies<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ibo.org/globalassets/digital-tookit/brochures/myp-brief_individuals-societies_2015.pdf|title=International Baccalaureate Middle Years Programme Subject Brief : Societies|website=Ibo.org|access-date=6 December 2017|archive-date=28 January 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180128042958/http://www.ibo.org/globalassets/digital-tookit/brochures/myp-brief_individuals-societies_2015.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref>'''
* A: Knowing and Understanding
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* D: Applying Mathematics in Real-Life Contexts
'''The Arts<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ibo.org/globalassets/digital-tookit/brochures/myp-brief_arts_2015.pdf|title=International Baccalaureate Middle Years Programme Subject Brief : Arts|website=Ibo.org|access-date=6 December 2017|archive-date=28 January 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180128040316/http://www.ibo.org/globalassets/digital-tookit/brochures/myp-brief_arts_2015.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref>'''
* A: Investigating
* B: Developing
* C:
* D:
'''Physical and Health Education<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ibo.org/globalassets/digital-tookit/brochures/myp-brief_phys-health-ed_2015.pdf|title=International Baccalaureate Middle Years Programme Subject Brief : Physical Health Education|website=Ibo.org|access-date=6 December 2017|archive-date=21 September 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170921030656/http://www.ibo.org/globalassets/digital-tookit/brochures/myp-brief_phys-health-ed_2015.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref>'''
* A: Knowing and Understanding
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* D: Evaluating
'''Interdisciplinary learning<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ibo.org/globalassets/digital-tookit/brochures/myp-brief-interdisciplinary-learning-2015-en.pdf|title=International Baccalaureate Middle Years Programme Subject Brief : Interdisciplinary Learning|website=Ibo.org|access-date=6 December 2017|archive-date=21 September 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170921030836/http://www.ibo.org/globalassets/digital-tookit/brochures/myp-brief-interdisciplinary-learning-2015-en.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref>'''
* A: Evaluating
* B:
* C:
* D: Reflecting▼
'''Personal Project<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ibo.org/globalassets/digital-tookit/brochures/myp-brief_personal-project_2015.pdf|title=International Baccalaureate Middle Years Programme Subject Brief : Personal Project|website=Ibo.org|access-date=6 December 2017|archive-date=15 December 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171215111127/http://www.ibo.org/globalassets/digital-tookit/brochures/myp-brief_personal-project_2015.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref>'''
* A:
* B:
==History and development of the IB Middle Years
The Middle Years Program was developed significantly later than the [[IB Diploma Programme|Diploma Programme]], and in parallel to and independently of what would become the [[IB Primary Years Programme|Primary Years Programme]].<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Bunnell|first=Tristan|date=2011-12-01|title=The International Baccalaureate Middle Years Programme after 30 years: A critical inquiry|url=https://doi.org/10.1177/1475240911423604|journal=Journal of Research in International Education|language=en|volume=10|issue=3|pages=261–274|doi=10.1177/1475240911423604|s2cid=145667093|issn=1475-2409|url-access=subscription}}</ref><ref name="presentation">{{Cite web|date=2017|title=The history of the IB |url=https://www.ibo.org/globalassets/digital-toolkit/presentations/1711-presentation-history-of-the-ib-en.pdf|website=International Baccalaureate Organization |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220419225751/https://ibo.org/globalassets/digital-toolkit/presentations/1711-presentation-history-of-the-ib-en.pdf |archive-date= Apr 19, 2022 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Barnes|first=David|date=1998|title=And Then There Were Three...IB Programmes, That Is...|url=https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ575274|journal=International Schools Journal|language=en|volume=18|issue=1|pages=44–47|issn=0264-7281|access-date=2022-01-19|archive-date=2022-01-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220119053111/https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ575274|url-status=live}}</ref> The Middle Years Programme's "birthplace" is considered to be the International School Moshi, in [[Tanzania]], today known as the [[United World College East Africa]], which had been the first school to introduce the IB diploma to the African continent.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Hayden|first=Mary|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4oI7EAAAQBAJ&pg=PT183|title=Perspectives on Assessment and Evaluation in International Schools|date=2018-07-30|publisher=John Catt Educational|isbn=978-1-911382-66-9|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Lope|first=Marjorie D.|date=2014|title=Perceptions of global mindedness in the International Baccalaureate Middle Years Programme: The relationship to student academic performance and teacher characteristics|url=https://drum.lib.umd.edu/bitstream/handle/1903/16270/Lope_umd_0117E_15769.pdf|journal=Graduate School of the University of Maryland, College Park|access-date=2022-01-19|archive-date=2022-01-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220117045034/https://drum.lib.umd.edu/bitstream/handle/1903/16270/Lope_umd_0117E_15769.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> In the late 1970s the school identified a pedagogical disconnect stemming from teaching the British [[GCE Ordinary Level|O-levels]] curriculum to students aged
Further workshops and conferences ([[Lusaka]] in 1981, [[New York City]] in 1981, [[Lotte, Germany|Wersen]] in 1981, [[London]] in 1982, and [[Cyprus]] in 1983) brought additional schools into the conversation, including the [[International School of Geneva|International School of Geneva (Ecolint)]], the [[United Nations International School|United Nations International School (UNIS)]] in New York City, and the [[Vienna International School]], and established a framework for what would become the ISA curriculum (ISAC), and later the Middle Years Programme. It was during this time that Gérard Renaud, previously a teacher at Ecolint and then Director General of the IB,<ref>{{Cite web|title=Gérard Renaud|url=https://www.ibo.org/about-the-ib/governance-and-leadership/director-general/past-directors-general/gerard-renaud/|access-date=2022-01-19|website=International Baccalaureate®|language=en}}</ref> and Robert Belle-Isle, who was the director at UNIS and had previously been the superintendent of the Chambly school district in [[Quebec]], became involved in the initiative.
From 1983 to 1990 the discussions crystallized into a
The ISAC programme was taken over by the International Baccalaureate Organization in the early 1990s, officially becoming the IB Middle Years Programme in 1994.<ref>{{Cite web|date=September 2010|title= History of the Middle Years Programme|url=https://balimyp.files.wordpress.com/2011/04/history-of-the-myp.pdf|website=International Baccalaureate Organization |url-status=live |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20230312034905/https://balimyp.files.wordpress.com/2011/04/history-of-the-myp.pdf |archive-date= Mar 12, 2023 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Peterson|first=A. D. C.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nTUjMNjNo3EC&pg=PA241|title=Schools Across Frontiers|date=2003|publisher=Open Court|isbn=0-8126-9505-4|edition=2|___location=Chicago, Ill.|pages=241–244|oclc=48837050}}</ref>
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