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{{Overly detailed|date=March 2020}}
{{Self-published|date=March 2020}}
{{missing information|the language itself: syntax, examples ([https://cloud.google.com/spanner/docs/reference/standard-sql/graph-query-statements google cloud documentation] might help)|date=July 2025}}
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{{distinguish|text=[[GraphQL]] for querying APIs}}
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| influenced_by = [[SQL]], [[Cypher (query language)|Cypher]], [[TigerGraph|GSQL]]
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'''GQL''' ('''Graph Query Language''') is a [[Technical_standard|standardized]] [[query language]] for [[property graphs]] first described in ISO/IEC
== History ==
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=== ISO stages ===
{{srn}}
ISO stages by date<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.iso.org/standard/76120.html | title=Iso/Iec 39075:2024 }}</ref>▼
{| class="wikitable static-row-numbers"
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# 2019-09-10 : 20.00 New project registered in TC/SC work programme▼
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# 2021-11-22 : 30.00 Committee draft (CD) registered▼
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# 2022-02-25 : 30.60 Close of comment period▼
# 2022-08-29 : 30.92 CD referred back to Working Group▼
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# 2022-10-26 : 30.60 Close of comment period▼
| 2021-11-23 || 30.20 CD study initiated
# 2023-03-22 : 30.99 CD approved for registration as [[Draft International Standard|DIS]]▼
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# 2023-03-24 : 40.00 DIS registered▼
# 2023-05-24 : 40.20 DIS ballot initiated: 12 weeks▼
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# 2023-08-17 : 40.60 Close of voting▼
# 2023-11-28 : 40.99 Full report circulated: DIS approved for registration as FDIS▼
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# 2023-12-11 : 50.00 Final text received or FDIS registered for formal approval▼
# 2024-01-26 : 50.20 Proof sent to secretariat or FDIS ballot initiated: 8 weeks▼
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# 2024-03-23 : 50.60 Close of voting. Proof returned by secretariat▼
| 2022-08-30 || 30.20 CD study initiated
# 2024-03-23 : 60.00 International Standard under publication▼
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# 2024-04-12 : 60.60 International Standard published▼
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== GQL property graph data model ==
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==Extending existing graph query languages==
The GQL project draws on multiple sources or inputs, notably existing industrial languages and a new section of the SQL standard. In preparatory discussions within WG3 surveys of the history<ref name="GQLs history">{{cite web|url=https://s3.amazonaws.com/artifacts.opencypher.org/website/materials/DM32.2/DM32.2-2018-00085R1-recent_history_of_property_graph_query_languages.pdf|title=''An overview of the recent history of Graph Query Languages''|last=Lindaaker|first=Tobias|date=May 2018|publisher=opencypher.org|access-date=October 6, 2019}}</ref> and comparative content of some of these inputs<ref name="Summary Chart">{{cite web|url=https://s3.amazonaws.com/artifacts.opencypher.org/website/materials/DM32.2/DM32.2-2018-00086r1-summary-chart-of-cypher-pgql-gcore.pdf|title=''Summary Chart of Cypher, PGQL, and G-Core''|last=Plantikow|first=Stefan|date=May 2018|publisher=opencypher.org|access-date=November 3, 2019}}</ref> were presented. GQL is a declarative language with its own distinct syntax, playing a similar role to SQL in the building of a database application. Other graph query languages have been defined which offer direct procedural features such as branching and looping (Apache Tinkerpop's [[Gremlin (query language)|Gremlin]]<ref name="Gremlin 2015">{{cite book|url=https://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=2815073|title= Proceedings of the 15th Symposium on Database Programming Languages|last=Rodriguez|first=Marko A.|chapter= The Gremlin graph traversal machine and language (Invited talk)|date=2015|pages= 1–10|publisher=ACM|doi=10.1145/2815072.2815073|arxiv= 1508.03843|isbn=9781450339025|s2cid=32623848|access-date=November 10, 2019}}</ref>), and GSQL,<ref name="GSQL white paper"/> making it possible to traverse a graph iteratively to perform a class of graph algorithms, but GQL will not directly incorporate such features.<ref name="Wood Graph Query">{{cite journal|url=https://dl.acm.org/ft_gateway.cfm?id=2206879&ftid=1212198&dwn=1&CFID=106456621&CFTOKEN=92daacebb1744396-220C1ECA-F98C-4552-03541423FDE04D18|title= Query languages for graph databases|last=Wood|first=Peter T.|journal=ACM SIGMOD Record|date=25 April 2012|volume=41|issue=1|pages=50–60|publisher=ACM|doi=10.1145/2206869.2206879|s2cid=13537601|access-date=October 25, 2019|url-access=subscription}}</ref><ref name="GQL foundations">{{cite journal|url=https://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=3104031|title= Foundations of Modern Query Languages for Graph Databases
|last=Angles|first=Renzo|journal=ACM Computing Surveys
|display-authors=etal|date=September 2017|volume=50
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