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{{short description|Programming language}}
{{for|the 2003 agent-based programming language|Go! (programming language)}}
{{Use American English|date=August 2022}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=October 2018}}
{{Infobox programming language
| name = Go
| logo = Go Logo Blue.svg
| logo size = 230px
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| latest_test_version =
| latest_test_date = <!--{{start date and age|2016|08|08}}<ref name="preview_page">{{Cite web |url=https://golang.org/dl/ |title=Release History |website=The Go Programming Language |access-date=August 8, 2016}}</ref>-->
| typing = [[type inference|Inferred]], [[static typing|static]], [[strong typing|strong]],<ref name="go-introduction">{{
| memory management = [[Garbage collection (computer science)|Garbage collection]]
| implementations = gc, gofrontend, [[Elements_Toolchain|gold]]
| programming language = Go, [[Assembly language]] (gc); [[C++]] (gofrontend)
| website = {{url|
| influenced_by = {{#statements:influenced by}}
| influenced = [[Crystal (programming language)|Crystal]], [[V (programming language)|V]]
| operating_system = [[DragonFly BSD]], [[FreeBSD]], [[Linux]], [[macOS]], [[NetBSD]], [[OpenBSD]],<ref name="openbsd">{{Cite web |url=http://ports.su/lang/go |title=lang/go: go-1.4 |date=December 23, 2014 |website=OpenBSD ports |access-date=January 19, 2015}}</ref> [[Plan 9 from Bell Labs|Plan 9]],<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://go-lang.cat-v.org/os-ports |title=Go Porting Efforts |date=January 12, 2010 |website=Go Language Resources |publisher=cat-v |access-date=January 18, 2010}}</ref> [[Solaris (operating system)|Solaris]], [[Windows]]
| license = [[3-clause BSD]]<ref name="license">{{Cite web |title=Text file LICENSE |url=
| file_ext = .go
}}
'''Go''' is a [[high-level programming language|high-level]] [[general purpose programming language]] that is [[static typing|statically typed]] and [[compiled language|compiled]]. It is known for the simplicity of its syntax and the efficiency of development that it enables by the inclusion of a large standard library supplying many needs for common projects.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Go Introduction |url=https://www.w3schools.com/go/go_introduction.php |access-date=2024-11-23 |website=www.w3schools.com |language=en-US}}</ref> It was designed at [[Google]]<ref name="techcrunch">{{Cite news |last=Kincaid |first=Jason |date=November 10, 2009 |title=Google's Go: A New Programming Language That's Python Meets C++
There are two major implementations:
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** A toolchain that, by default, produces [[static library|statically linked]] native binaries without external Go dependencies
* A desire to keep the language specification simple enough to hold in a programmer's head,<ref>{{cite web|last=Pike|first=Rob|url=http://5by5.tv/changelog/100|title=The Changelog|type=Podcast|access-date=October 7, 2013|archive-date=October 20, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131020101046/http://5by5.tv/changelog/100|url-status=dead}}</ref> in part by [[#Omissions|omitting features that are common in similar languages]].
* 25 reserved words
===Syntax===
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==={{anchor|Concurrency}} Concurrency: goroutines and channels===
[[File:DotGo 2015 - Matt Aimonetti - Applied concurrency in Go.webm|thumb|DotGo 2015 - Matt Aimonetti - Applied concurrency in Go]]
The Go language has built-in facilities, as well as library support, for writing [[concurrent programming|concurrent programs]]. The runtime is [[asynchronous I/O|asynchronous]]: program execution that performs, for example, a network read will be suspended until data is available to process, allowing other parts of the program to perform other work. This is built into the runtime and does not require any changes in program code. The go runtime also automatically schedules concurrent operations (goroutines) across multiple CPUs; this can achieve parallelism for a properly written program.<ref name="concurrency-is-not">{{cite web|last=Pike |first=Rob |url=http://vimeo.com/49718712 |title=Concurrency is not Parallelism|date=September 18, 2012 }}</ref>
The primary concurrency construct is the ''goroutine'', a type of [[green thread]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite book |last1=Donovan |first1=Alan A. A. |title=The Go programming language |last2=Kernighan |first2=Brian W. |date=2016 |publisher=Addison-Wesley |isbn=978-0-13-419044-0 |series=Addison-Wesley professional computing series |___location=New York, Munich |pages=}}</ref>{{Rp|pages=280-281}} A function call prefixed with the <code>go</code> keyword starts a function in a new goroutine. The language specification does not specify how goroutines should be implemented, but current implementations multiplex a Go process's goroutines onto a smaller set of [[thread (computer science)|operating-system threads]], similar to the scheduling performed in [[Erlang (programming language)|Erlang]] and [[Haskell (programming language)|Haskell's GHC runtime implementation]].{{r|phrasebook}}{{rp|10}}
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