Parallel process: Difference between revisions

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{{Short description|Phenomenon noted in clinical supervision of therapy}}

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'''Parallel process''' is a phenomenon noted betweenin therapist/social[[clinical workersupervision]] by therapist and supervisersupervisor, whereby the therapist recreates, or parallels, the client's problems by way of relating to the supervisersupervisor. The client's [[transference]] and the therapist's [[countertransference]] thus re-appear in the mirror of the therapist/supervisor relationship.

The client's [[transference]] and the therapist's [[countertransference]] thus re-appear in the mirror of the therapist/supervisor relationship, and may be usefully studied there.

==Origins and nature==

Attention to parallel process first emerged in the nineteen-fifties. The process was termed reflection by [[Harold Searles]] in 1955,<ref>[http://www.ericdigests.org/1995-1/process.htm Parallel process in supervision]</ref> and two years later T. Hora (1957) first used the actual term parallel process - {{Ndash}}emphasising that it was rooted in an unconscious identification with the client/patient which could extend to tone of voice and behaviour.<ref>S. Power, ''Nursing Supervision'' (1999) p. 162</ref> The superviseesupervisor thus enacts the central problem of the therapy in the supervision, potentially opening up a process of containment and solution, first by the supervisersupervisor and then by the therapist.<ref>G. O. Gabbard, ''Long-Term Psychodynamic Psychotherapy'' (2010) p. 195</ref>

Alternatively, the supervisersupervisor's own countertransference may be activated in the parallel process, to be reflected in turn between supervisersupervisor and consultant, or back into the orginaloriginal patient/helper dyad.<ref>P. Clarkson, ''On Psychotherapy'' (1993) p. 202</ref> Even then, however, careful examination of the material may still illuminate the original therapeutic difficulty, as reflectiedreflected in the parallel situation.<ref>G. O. Gabbard, ''Long-Term Psychodynamic Psychotherapy'' (2010) p. 196-7197</ref>

==See also==

{{Columns-list|3colwidth=22em|

*[[Acting in]]

*[[Acting out]]

*[[Joseph J. Sandler]]

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{{Reflist|2|}}

==Further Readingreading==

*H. F. Searles, '"The Informational Value Of The Supervisor's Emotional Experience'" ''Psychiatry'' (1955) 18:135-146.

*M J G Doehrman, '"Parallel processes in supervision and psychotherapy'" ''Bulletin of the Menninger Clinic'' (1976) 40:3-104

*H. K. Gedimer '"The parallelism phenomenon in psychoanalysis and supervision'" ''Psychoanalytic Quarterly'' (1980)49:234-255

*M J G Doehrman, 'Parallel processes in supervision and psychotherapy' ''Bulletin of the Menninger Clinic'' (1976) 40:3-104

*H. K. Gedimer 'The parallelism phenomenon in psychoanalysis and supervision' ''Psychoanalytic Quarterly'' (1980)49:234-255

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