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{{Short description|1940 class of British minesweepers}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2017}}
{{Use British English|date=September 2017}}
{{
{|{{Infobox ship begin |sclass=2}}
{{Infobox ship image
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|Name=
|Builders=
|Operators=* {{navy|
* {{naval|Canada|1911}}
* {{navy|British Raj}}
* {{navy|Free France}}
* {{navy|Kingdom of Greece}}
* {{navy|Netherlands}}
* {{flagicon|Belgium|government}} [[Free Belgian Forces|Free Belgian Navy]]
* {{navy|Norway}}
* {{navy|Soviet Union}}
* {{navy|Italy}}
|Class before=
|Class after=
|Subclasses={{sclass
|Cost=
|Built range=1940–1945
|In service range=
|In commission range=
|Total ships building=
|Total ships planned=
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|Header caption=
|Ship type=[[Minesweeper]]
|Ship displacement= {{convert|240|-|250|LT|t|0|lk=on}}
|Ship length=* {{convert|105|ft|m|abbr=on}} [[Length between perpendiculars|p/p]]
* {{convert|119|ft|m|abbr=on}} [[Length overall|o/a]]
|Ship beam= {{convert|23|ft|m|abbr=on}}
|Ship height=
|Ship draught= {{convert|9|ft|6|in|m|abbr=on}}
|Ship depth=
|Ship propulsion=Diesel engine, {{convert|375|-|425|bhp|0|abbr=on}}
|Ship speed= {{convert|12|kn|mph km/h|lk=in|0}}
|Ship range=
|Ship endurance=
|Ship complement=20
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|Ship EW=
|Ship armament=*2 × [[Oerlikon 20 mm cannon|20 mm]] AA guns
* 2 × machine guns
|Ship armour=
|Ship notes=
}}
|}
The
==105 ft MMS==
In the early months of the [[Second World War]], Germany made extensive use of magnetic mines, which led to a requirement for a wooden minesweeper, less vulnerable than steel [[Naval trawler|trawlers]].<ref name="bwnp141">{{Harvnb|Brown|2000|p=141}}</ref> The resultant design, the 105 ft-class<ref name="wrp56">{{harvnb|Worth|1984|p=56}}</ref> (also known as the ''MMS 1'' series<ref name="jfsww2">{{harvnb|Preston|1989|p=76}}</ref> and later the Type 1501 series<ref name="jfs53p67">{{harvnb|Blackman|1953|p=67}}</ref>) was built between 1940 and 1944.<ref name="wrp56"/>
They were {{convert|105|ft|m|1|abbr=on}} [[length between perpendiculars|long between perpendiculars]],<ref name="wrp56"/> with an [[length overall|overall length]] of {{convert|119|ft|4|in|abbr=on}}, a [[beam (nautical)|beam]] of {{convert|23|ft|5|in|abbr=on}} and a [[Draft (ship)|draught]] of {{convert|8|ft|9|in|abbr=on}}.<ref name="conways22p72">{{harvnb|Gardiner|Chesneau|1980|p=72}}</ref> [[Displacement (ship)|Displacement]] was {{convert|240–255|LT|t|0|abbr=on}}.<ref name="jfsww2"/><ref name="jfs53p67"/> They were powered by a {{convert|500|bhp|kW|abbr=on}} [[diesel engine]], giving a speed of {{convert|11|kn|mph km/h|abbr=on}}.<ref name="wrp56"/><ref name="lcp583">{{harvnb|Lenton|Colledge|1973|p=583}}</ref> Their major minesweeping equipment was the LL sweep,<ref name="bwnp141"/> where two minesweepers operating side-by-side each trailed two buoyant cables with electrodes at the end of the cables. Pulsing a high current through the cables generated a magnetic field sufficient to set off mines over an area of about {{convert|1|acre}}.<ref>{{harvnb|Cowie|1949|pp=128–129}}</ref> They were later fitted with an SA sweep to deal with acoustic mines, which consisted of an acoustic hammer box mounted on an A-frame on the ship's bow, which could be lowered into the water when required.<ref name="bwnp141"/> The ships did not have enough towing power to use conventional contact sweeps for dealing with moored contact mines.<ref name="bwnp141"/> Defensive armament consisted of two 0.5 inch machine guns and/or one or two [[Oerlikon 20mm cannon]]s. The ships had a complement of 20 men.<ref name="conways22p72"/>
The coastal minesweepers had [[pennant number]]s ''MMS-1'' to ''MMS-118'', ''MMS-123'' to ''MMS-313'' and ''MMS-1001'' to ''MMS-1090'', the last group measuring 126 feet between perpendiculars. They were nicknamed "Mickey Mouse" from their initials.
The motor minesweepers had limited use post-war and were quickly disposed of. By 1949, only four remained in service in the Royal Navy: ''St. David'' (''MMS-1733'', ex-''MMS-233''), ''Venturer'' (''MMS-1761'', ex-''MMS-261''), ''MMS-1717'' (ex-''MMS-217'') and ''MMS-1736'' (ex-''MMS-236''). ''St. David'' and ''Venturer'' were tenders to [[RNVR]] divisions.<ref name="McMurtrie and Blackman 1949, p. 61">McMurtrie and Blackman 1949, p. 61</ref>
Ten had been built for the [[Royal Canadian Navy]], ''Coquitlam'', ''Crankbrook'', ''Daerwood'', ''Kalamalka'', ''La Vallée'', ''Llewellyn'', ''Lloyd George'', ''Revelstoke'', ''Rossland'' and ''St. Joseph''. By 1946 only ''Llewellyn'', ''Lloyd George'' and ''Revelstoke'' were still in service.<ref>Preston, p. 92.</ref><ref>McMurtrie and Blackman 1949, p. 92.</ref>
Five were built for the [[Royal Indian Navy]], ''MMS-129'', ''130'', ''131'', ''132'' (renamed ''Barq'') and ''154''; ''MMS-151'' was transferred later. Four remained in service in 1949: ''Barq'' and ''MMS-130'', ''151'' and ''154''<ref>Preston, p. 98</ref><ref>McMurtrie and Blackman 1949, p. 98</ref>
During the war, ''MMS-43'', ''45'', ''75'', ''79'', ''112'', ''182'', ''187'', ''188'', ''189'' and ''193'' were manned by Belgian personnel. As late as 1949, ''MMS-182'', ''187'', ''188'', ''189'', ''191'', ''193'' and ''266'' were on loan to the [[Belgian Navy]].<ref>Gardiner & Chesneau 1980, pp. 72, 385</ref><ref name="ReferenceA">McMurtrie and Blackman 1949, p. 115</ref>
Sixteen were transferred to the [[French Navy]]: ''D241'' (ex-''MMS-21''; later ''D361''), ''D242'' (ex-''MMS-184''; later ''D362''), ''D251'' (ex-''MMS-47''; later ''D363''), ''D252'' (ex-''MMS-9''; later ''D364''), ''D261'' (ex-''MMS-116''; later ''D365''), ''D262'' (ex-''MMS-118''; later ''D366'), ''D291'' (ex-''MMS-133''; later ''D367''), ''D292'' (ex-''MMS-134''; later ''D368''), ''D371'' (ex-''MMS-221''), ''D372'' (ex-''MMS-202''), ''D373'' (ex-MMS-220''), ''D374'' (ex-''MMS-91''), ''D375'' (ex-''MMS-75''), ''D376'' (ex-''MMS-204''), ''D377'' (ex-''MMS-49'') and ''D378'' (ex-''MMS-13''). All were returned to the [[Royal Navy]] in October 1947.<ref>Preston, p. 136</ref><ref>Gardiner & Chesneau 1980, p. 277</ref>
Eleven were transferred to the [[Royal Netherlands Navy]]; two were lost, one returned to the RN, and eight were retained postwar. The 11 vessels were: ''Ameland'' (ex-''MMS-231''), ''Beveland'' (ex-''MMS-237''), ''Marken'' (i) (ex-''MMS-227'', lost 20 May 1944), {{HNLMS|Marken|1944|2}}'' (ii) (ex-''MMS-54''), ''Putten'' (ex-''MMS-138''), ''Rozenburg'' (ex-''MMS-292''), ''Terschelling'' (i) (ex-''MMS-174'', lost 12 July 1942), ''Terschelling (ii) (ex-''MMS-234''), ''Texel'' (i) (ex-''MMS-173'', returned to RN November 1942), ''Texel'' (ii) (ex-''MMS-73''), and ''Vlieland'' (ex-''MMS-226''). ''Vlieland'' was lost in Indonesian waters in November 1951.<ref>Preston, p. 212</ref><ref>McMurtrie and Blackman 1949, p. 234</ref><ref name="Gardiner & Chesneau 1980, p. 394">Gardiner & Chesneau 1980, p. 394</ref>
Seventeen were loaned to the [[Italian Navy]]: ''MMS-10'', ''32'', ''34'', ''35'', ''48'', ''50'', ''99'', ''100'', ''102-106'', ''135'', ''167'', ''172'' and ''185''. The first to be returned to the Royal Navy were ''MMS-34'' and ''35'', in August 1949.<ref>McMurtrie and Blackman 1949, p. 217</ref>
Eight were transferred to the [[Royal Hellenic Navy]] in 1946: ''Andros'' (ex HMS ''MMS-310'', J810), ''Argyrokastron'' (ex-HMS ''MMS-58'', J558), ''Chimarra'' (ex-HMS ''MMS-1'' J501), ''Korytsa'' (ex-HMS ''MMS-53'', J553), ''Mikonos'' (ex-HMS ''MMS-5'', J505), ''Syros'' (ex-HMS ''MMS-313'', J813), ''Tepeleni'' (ex-HMS ''MMS-46'', J546), and ''Tinos'' (ex-HMS ''MMS-144'', J644).<ref>McMurtrie and Blackman 1949, p.202</ref>
Three were transferred by [[Lend-Lease]] to the [[Soviet Navy]], ''T-108'', ''109'' and ''110'' (ex-''MMS-90'', ''203'' and ''212'', respectively).<ref name="ReferenceB">McMurtrie and Blackman 1949, p. 293</ref>
=== Newfoundland MMS ===
''MMS-119-122'' were built in [[Newfoundland]] in 1941-42 and requisitioned by the Royal Navy. They were larger than the ''MMS-1'' type but smaller than the ''MMS-1001'' and ''BYMS-1'' types, and had a top speed of 9 knots. The four vessels were renamed ''Emberley'', ''Oderin'', ''Marticot'' and ''Mervasheen'', respectively, as [[danlayer]]s in 1942.
==126 ft MMS==
This type comprised 90 vessels for the Royal Navy, numbered ''MMS-1001-1090'', and 16 laid down for the Royal Canadian Navy but never delivered to that Service. They measured 126 feet long between perpendiculars and 139 feet 9 inches to 140 feet overall. Displacements were 360 tons standard and 430 tons deep load. A one-shaft diesel provided 1,000 bhp for a speed of 10 knots. Armament during the war comprised two 20mm guns with a few armed with four 20mm; the survivors with the RN in 1949 were armed with two 20mm and two machine guns.<ref name="McMurtrie and Blackman 1949, p. 61"/>
By 1949, only 12 vessels of the type remained in RN service. Of these, ''MMS-1060'' and ''1061'' were in use as minesweepers, while ''1003'', ''1004'' and ''1011'' were described in ''Jane's Fighting Ships'' as "mobile wiping deperming units." Seven were in use as tenders to [[RNVR]] divisions: ''Bernicia'' (ex-''MMS-1090''), ''Curzon'' (ex-''MMS-1017''), ''Graham'' (ex-''MMS-1045''), ''hUMBER'' (EX-''mms-1030''), ''Kilmorey'' (ex-''MMS-1034''), ''Mersey'' (ex-''MMS-1075'') and ''Montrose'' (ex-''MMS-1077'').<ref name="McMurtrie and Blackman 1949, p. 61"/>
Six were transferred to the [[French Navy]]: ''D341'' (ex-''MMS-1069''), ''D342'' (ex-''MMS-1054''), ''D343'' (ex-''MMS-1065''), ''D344'' (ex-''MMS-1055''), ''D345'' (ex-''MMS-1070'') and ''D346'' (ex-''MMS-1056''). All were returned to the RN for disposal in October 1947<ref>Preston, p. 135</ref>
Eight were transferred to the Royal Netherlands Navy: ''Duiveland'' (ex-''MMS-1044''), ''Ijselmond'' (ex-''MMS-1026''), ''Overflakee'' (ex-''MMS-1046''), ''Schokland'' (ex-''MMS-1082''), ''Tholen'' (ex-''MMS-1014''), ''Voorne'' (ex-''MMS-1043''), ''Wieringen'' (ex-''MMS-1025'') and ''Walcheren'' (ex-''MMS-1042'')<ref>Preston, p. 212.</ref><ref name="Gardiner & Chesneau 1980, p. 394"/>
''MMS-1085'' and ''1086'' were transferred to the [[Royal Norwegian Navy]], where they were named ''Orka'' and ''Vefsna'', respectively They were retained postwar.<ref>McMurtrie and Blackman 1949, p. 243</ref>
Of the 16 laid down for the RCN, ''Ash Lake'', ''Birch Lake'', ''Cherry Lake'', ''Fir Lake'', ''Maple Lake'' and ''Oak Lake'', were cancelled. The remaining ten - ''Alder Lake'', ''Beech Lake'', ''Cedar Lake'', ''Elm Lake'', ''Hickory Lake'', ''Larch Lake'', ''Pine Lake'', ''Poplar Lake'', ''Spruce Lake'' and ''Willow Lake'' - were transferred to the Soviet Navy as ''T-193-202''.<ref>Preston, p. 239</ref><ref name="ReferenceB"/> Two others were transferred from the RN to the Soviet Navy: ''T-121'' and ''122'' (ex-''MMS-1005'' and ''1023'').
''MMS-1020'' was loaned postwar to the [[Belgian Navy]] for use as a fishery protection vessel.<ref name="ReferenceA"/>
==References==
{{reflist|20em}}
==Bibliography==
* {{cite book |editor-last=Blackman |editor-first=Raymond V. B. |title=Jane's Fighting Ships 1953–54 |year=1953 |___location=New York |publisher=McGraw-Hill Book Company Inc. }}
* {{cite book |last=Brown |first=David K. |title=Nelson to Vanguard: Warship Design and Development 1923–1945 |year=2000 |___location=Barnsley, UK |publisher=Seaforth Publishing |isbn=978-1-84832-149-6}}
* {{cite book |last=Cowie |first=J. S. |title=Mines, Minelayers and Minelaying |year=1949 |___location=London |publisher=Oxford University Press}}
* {{cite book |editor-last1=Gardiner |editor-first1=Robert |editor-last2=Chesneau |editor-first2=Roger |title=Conway's All The World's Fighting Ships 1922–1946 |year=1980 |publisher=Conway Maritime Press |___location=London |isbn=0-85177-146-7}}
* {{cite book |last=Preston |first=Antony |title=Jane's Fighting Ships of World War II |year=1989 |___location=London |publisher=Studio Publishing |isbn=1-85170-194-X}}
* {{cite book |last1=Lenton |first1=H. T. |last2=Colledge |first2=J. J. |title=Warships of World War II |year=1973 |edition=2nd |___location=London |publisher=Ian Allan |isbn=0-7110-0403-X}}
* McMurtrie, Francis E., and Blackman, Raymond V.B. (1949). ''Jane's Fighting Ships 1949-50.'' New York: McGraw-Hill Book Company, Inc.
* {{cite book |last=Melvin |first=Michael J. |title=Minesweeper, The Role of the Motor Minesweepers in World War II |year=1992 |___location=Worcester, UK |publisher=Square One Publishing |isbn=1-872017-57-6}}
* {{cite book |last=Worth |first=Jack |title=British Warships Since 1945: Part 4: Minesweepers |year=1984 |___location=Liskeard, UK |publisher=Maritime Books |isbn=0-907771-12-2}}
{{Commons category|MMS class minesweepers}}
{{WWII British ships}}
[[Category:Mine warfare vessel classes]]
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