ASP.NET: Difference between revisions

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{{Short description|Open-source web application framework}}

'''ASP.NET''' is an open-source, server-side web-application framework designed for web development to produce dynamic web pages. It was developed by Microsoft to allow programmers to build dynamic web sites, applications and services. The name stands for Active Server Pages Network Enabled Technologies.

{{distinguish|UNESCO ASPNet}}

{{for|its rewrite|ASP.NET Core}}

{{Infobox software

| name = ASP.NET (software)

| logo =

| developer = [[Microsoft]] [[Scott Guthrie]]

| released = {{Start date and age|2002|1|5}}

| latest_release_version = 4.8.1

| latest_release_date = {{Start date and age|2022|08|09}}<ref>{{cite web |title=.net framework download page|url=https://dotnet.microsoft.com/en-us/download/dotnet-framework/net481}}</ref>

| programming language = [[List of CLI languages|.NET languages]]

| operating system = [[Microsoft Windows]], [[Linux]], [[macOS]]

| platform = [[.NET Framework]]

| genre = [[Web framework]]

| license = [[Proprietary software]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Microsoft .NET Framework Redistributable EULA|url=https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms994405.aspx|website=[[MSDN]]|date=13 September 2006 |publisher=[[Microsoft]]|access-date=February 28, 2015|archive-date=April 2, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402161923/https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms994405.aspx|url-status=live}}</ref>

}}

{{Infobox file format

| name = ASP.NET (file format)

| icon =

| logo =

|_noextcode = on

| extension = <code>.aspx</code>, <code>.asmx</code>, <code>.aspc</code>,<ref name=devx>{{Cite web |title=Introduction to ASP+ |url=http://archive.devx.com/asp/articles/ck072600/ck072600.asp |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030202065505/http://archive.devx.com/asp/articles/ck072600/ck072600.asp |archive-date=2003-02-02 |access-date=2025-08-13 |website=DevX |first=Chris |last=Kinsman |date=July 2000}}</ref> <code>[[ASP.NET Razor|.cshtml]]</code>, <code>[[ASP.NET Razor|.vbhtml]]</code>

| mime = text/html

| magic =

| owner = [[Microsoft]]

| released = <!-- {{Start date|YYYY|mm|dd|df=yes/no}} -->

| latest release version =

| latest release date = <!-- {{Start date and age|YYYY|mm|dd|df=yes/no}} -->

| genre =

| container for =

| contained by =

| extended from =

| extended to =

| standard =

| free =

| url =

}}

'''ASP.NET''' is ana open[[server-source,side scripting|server-side]] [[web-application framework]] designed for [[web development]] to produce [[dynamic web pagespage]]s. It was developed by [[Microsoft]] to allow programmers[[programmer]]s to build dynamic [[web sitessite]]s, [[web application|applications]] and services[[web service|service]]s. The name stands for Active Server Pages Network Enabled Technologies.{{citation needed|date=August 2025}}

It was first released in January 2002 with version 1.0 of the .NET Framework and is the successor to Microsoft's Active Server Pages (ASP) technology. ASP.NET is built on the Common Language Runtime (CLR), allowing programmers to write ASP.NET code using any supported .NET language. The ASP.NET SOAP extension framework allows ASP.NET components to process SOAP messages.

ASP.NET was first announced to the public under the codename ASP+, and is a re-implementation of Microsoft's [[Active Server Pages]] (ASP) technology.<ref name=devx/> ASP.NET is built on the [[Common Language Runtime]] (CLR), allowing programmers to write ASP.NET code using any supported [[List of CLI languages|.NET language]].<ref>{{cite book |title = Pro ASP.NET 2.0 in C# 2005 |edition = 1st |last1 = MacDonald |first1 = Matthew |first2 = Mario |last2 = Szpuszta |year = 2005 |publisher = Apress |isbn = 1-59059-496-7 |url-access = registration |url = https://archive.org/details/proaspnet20inc200000macd |pages=5-6 |quote=[...] ASP.NET pages and web services are executed within the CLR (common language runtime), so they can be authored in any language that has a CLR-compliant compiler. [...] ASP.NET gives you the ability to code in any supported .NET language (including Visual Basic, C#, J#, and many other languages that have third-party compilers). }}</ref> The ASP.NET [[SOAP]] extension framework allows ASP.NET components to process SOAP messages.

ASP.NET's successor is ASP.NET Core. It is a re-implementation of ASP.NET as a modular web framework, together with other frameworks like Entity Framework. The new framework uses the new open-source .NET Compiler Platform (codename "Roslyn") and is cross platform. ASP.NET MVC, ASP.NET Web API, and ASP.NET Web Pages (a platform using only

In 2016, Microsoft released [[ASP.NET Core]] as ASP.NET's successor. This new version is a re-implementation of ASP.NET as a modular [[web framework]], together with other frameworks like [[Entity Framework]]. The new framework uses the new open-source [[.NET Compiler Platform]] (codename "Roslyn") and is [[cross platform]]. [[ASP.NET MVC]], ASP.NET Web API, and ASP.NET Web Pages (a platform using only [[ASP.NET Razor|Razor]] pages) have merged into a unified MVC ([[model–view–controller]]) 6.<ref name="asp.net">{{cite web|title=ASP.NET 5 Overview|first=Tom|last=FitzMacken|date=2014-12-11|website=ASP.NET|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141115023406/http://www.asp.net/vnext/overview/aspnet-vnext/aspnet-5-overview#unify|url=http://www.asp.net/vnext/overview/aspnet-vnext/aspnet-5-overview#unify|archive-date=2014-11-15}}</ref>

pages) have merged into a unified MVC 6.

== Programming models ==

{{see also|ASP.NET Web Forms}}

ASP.NET supports a number of programming models for building web applications:<ref>{{cite web |title=Choose between ASP.NET and ASP.NET Core |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180509012506/https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/aspnet/core/choose-aspnet-framework?view=aspnetcore-2.1 |websiteurl=https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/aspnet/core/choose-aspnet-framework?view=aspnetcore-2.1|archive-date=2018-05-09|website=Microsoft Docs|url-status=dead| date=2018-03-14|language=en-us}}</ref>

* [[ASP.NET Web Forms]] – A framework for building modular pages out of components, with UI events being processed server-side. This framework is not included in the ASP.NET Core versions; it only works in the "classic" ASP.NET, on Windows.

* [[ASP.NET MVC]] – allows for building web pages using the [[model–view–controller]] design pattern.

* [[ASP.NET Web Pages]] – A lightweight syntax for adding dynamic code and data access directly inside HTML markup.<ref>{{cite web |title=ASP.NET Web Pages (Razor) FAQ |url=https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/aspnet/web-pages/overview/getting-started/aspnet-web-pages-razor-faq#Whats_the_difference_between_ASP.NET_Web_Pages,_ASP.NET_Web_Forms,_and_ASP.NET_MVC |website=docs.microsoft.com |language=en-us}}</ref>

* [[ASP.NET Web API]] – A framework for building [[Web API]]s on top of the [[.NET Framework]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Get Started with ASP.NET Web API 2 (C#) |url=https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/aspnet/web-api/overview/getting-started-with-aspnet-web-api/tutorial-your-first-web-api |website=docs.microsoft.com |date=30 September 2022 |language=en-us |first=Wasson |last=Mike }}</ref>

* [[ASP.NET WebHooks]] – Implements the [[Webhook]] pattern for subscribing to and publishing events via HTTP.

* [[SignalR]] – A real-time communications framework for bi-directional communication between client and server.

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== IIS integrated pipeline ==

On [[Internet Information Services|IIS]]&nbsp;6.0 and lower, pages written using different versions of the ASP framework cannot share [[#Session state|session state]] without the use of third-party libraries. This does not apply to ASP.NET and ASP applications running side by side on IIS&nbsp;7. With IIS&nbsp;7.0, modules may be run in an integrated pipeline that allows modules written in any language to be executed for any request.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://learn.iis.net/page.aspx/244/how-to-take-advantage-of-the-iis7-integrated-pipeline|title=How to Take Advantage of the IIS 7.0 Integrated Pipeline|work=iis.net|date=14 June 2022|access-date=26 January 2009|archive-date=24 March 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100324031657/http://learn.iis.net/page.aspx/244/how-to-take-advantage-of-the-iis7-integrated-pipeline|url-status=dead}}</ref>

== Third-party frameworks ==

It is not essential to use the standard Web forms development model when developing with ASP.NET. Noteworthy frameworks designed for the platform include:

* [[Base One Foundation Component Library]] (BFC) is [[rapid application development|RAD]] framework for building .NET [[database]] and [[distributed computing]] applications.

* [[DotNetNuke]] is an open-source solution that provides both a web application framework and a content management system that allows for advanced extensibility through modules, skins, and providers.

* [[MonoRail (software)|Castle MonoRail]], an open-source [[model–view–controller|MVC]] framework with an execution model similar to [[Ruby on Rails]]. The framework is commonly used with [[Castle ActiveRecord]], an ORM layer built on [[NHibernate]].

== Versions ==

The ASP.NET's releasesrelease history tightly correlates with the [[.NET Framework]] releases:

<!--Template:Version - for version & release history. Documentation & examples: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Version-->

{| class="wikitable sortable"

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released together with [[Visual Studio .NET]]

|

* [[Object-oriented programming|Object-oriented]] Web application development supporting [[inheritance (computerobject-oriented scienceprogramming)|inheritance]], [[polymorphism in object-oriented programming|polymorphism]] and other standard OOP features

** Developers are no longer forced to use Server.CreateObject(...), so early-binding and type safety are possible.

* Based on [[Microsoft Windows|Windows]] programming; the developer can make use of DLL class libraries and other features of the Web server to build more robust applications that do more than simply rendering HTML (e.g., [[exception handling]])

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|July 20, 2015<ref name="lifecycle" />

|{{Version |co |4.6 | sortKey=4.60}}

|Released<ref>{{cite web |title=Announcing .NET Framework 4.6 |url=http://blogs.msdn.com/b/dotnet/archive/2015/07/20/announcing-net-framework-4-6.aspx}}</ref> with [[Visual Studio 2015]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Visual Studio 2015 and Visual Studio 2013 Update 5 Released |url=http://blogs.msdn.com/b/visualstudio/archive/2015/07/20/visual-studio-2015-and-visual-studio-2013-update-5-released.aspx |publisher=Microsoft |work=msdn.com|date=20 July 2015 }}</ref> and [[Entity Framework|EF]] 7 Previews for [[Windows Server 2016]] and [[Windows 10]]

|

* [[HTTP/2]] support when running on Windows 10

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== Other implementations ==

The [[Mono (software)|Mono]] Project supports "everything in .NET 4.57 except [[Windows Presentation Foundation|WPF]], [[Windows Workflow Foundation|WWF]], and with limited [[Windows Communication Foundation|WCF]] and limited ASP.NET 4.5 async stack."<ref name="monoproject">{{cite web|title=Compatibility |url=http://www.mono-project.com/docs/about-mono/compatibility/ |website=Mono |access-date=13 August 2025 |url-status=live }}</ref> ASP.NET can be run with Mono using one of three options: [[Apache HTTP Server|Apache]] hosting using the [[mod_mono]] module, [[FastCGI]] hosting, and [[XSP (software)|XSP]].

== See also ==

*[[ELMAH]] (Error Logging Modules and Handlers), an ASP.NET debugging tool

== References ==

=== Citations ===

{{Reflist|30em}}

=== General sources ===

* {{cite book

|title = Pro ASP.NET 2.0 in C# 2005

|edition = 1st

|last1 = MacDonald

|first1 = Matthew

|first2 = Mario

|last2 = Szpuszta

|year = 2005

|publisher = Apress

|isbn = 1-59059-496-7

|url-access = registration

|url = https://archive.org/details/proaspnet20inc200000macd

}}

== External links ==

{{Wikibooks}}

{{Prone to spam|date=June 2012}}

<!-- {{No more links}}

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-->

* {{Official website|asp.net}}

{{Wikibooks}}

* {{Official|asp.net}}

* {{dmoz|Computers/Programming/Internet/ASP/ASP.NET/}}

* [http://msdn.microsoft.com/asp.net/ ASP.NET] on [[MSDN]]

* [http://www.codeproject.com/KB/aspnet/Whatis_New_ASP_Net_4.aspx Some of new features in ASP.NET 4 and vs 2010 IDE] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181225171923/http://www.codeproject.com/KB/aspnet/Whatis_New_ASP_Net_4.aspx%20%0A |date=2018-12-25 }}

{{.NET Framework}}

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{{Microsoft FOSS}}

{{Web frameworks}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Asp.Net}}

[[Category:ASP.NET| ]]

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[[Category:Free and open-source software]]

[[Category:Microsoft application programming interfaces]]