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{{quote|Tsūgen, Baisan and Jochū each demanded that future generations excommunicate any Zen teacher who failed to fulfill his obligation to serve as abbot of a head temple. Baisan decreed that the obedient Zen successors should seize defiant ones and then burn the offender's succession's certificate (''shisho'') before his eyes. Note the remarkable inversion that has occurred here. Instead of dharma transmission being a qualification for becoming an abbot, successful service as abbot has become a requirement for being allowed to retain one's dharma transmission.{{sfn|Bodiford|2008|p=273}}}}
The ceremony has to be done at both [[Eihei-ji]] and [[Sōji-ji]], the main temples of the Sōtõ school, within the time span of one month.<ref name=Antaiji4 group=web /> This originates in the rivalry between Eihei-ji and Sōji-ji. Eihei-ji's attempts to gain dominance were met with resistance from Sōji-ji. Several times in history Sōji-ji "has issued proclamations that anyone who received honors at Eihei-ji would never be allowed back at a temple affiliated with Sōji-ji".{{sfn|Bodiford|2008|p=275}} Since Sōji-ji has by far the largest network of temples, this was an effective
After ''zuise'' one becomes an ''Oshō'', i.e. "priest" or "teacher".
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==== Kaikyōshi====
A special title, ''Kaikyōshi'' (開教使), was created for foreign practitioners. It is not used anymore, having been replaced by the title ''Kokusai Fukyōshi''.<ref group=web name=DenisLahey>[http://sweepingzen.com/myo-denis-lahey-interview Sweeping Zen (2009), ''Myo Denis Lahey Interview'']</ref>{{refn|group=lower-alpha|Myo Denis Lahey recalls: "Oh yeah, Dendo Kyoshi — that title has been abolished, actually. You know, there were a number of these designations that were thrown around, some lasting only a few months or a year before being discarded. Basically what the Japanese had was two sets of regulations—one for Japanese trained priests and then another set for Western priests. So, over the last five years or so, they’ve made a great effort to eliminate that split and have only one set of regulations. So, Dendo Kyoshi doesn’t exist anymore. So they probably shouldn’t be using that term anymore—now the term is something like kokusai fukyoshi. I think it means something like missionary teacher, or something like that. That is the designation for foreign trained priests, but within that there are several levels of teaching responsibility within the Sōtō hierarchy. So those of us who have kind of the tentative approval of the Japanese are considered nito kyoshi—which is kind of like a “second string” teacher (laughs). But one should point out that this is a pretty big thing, for the Japanese to even allow that to happen. So anyway, if anyone says to you they are a Dendo Kyoshi I think you should say to them, “Oh, you’ve been abolished.”"<ref group=web name=DenisLahey />}}{{refn|group=lower-alpha|"Teacher who disseminates the dharma internationally".<ref group=web name=ZenRiver>
==Rinzai==
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# A Soen Sa Nim (Zen master; ''seonsa-nim''; {{lang|ko|선사님}}; {{lang|zh|禪師님}}) is a JDPSN that has received full [[Dharma transmission]] master to master.{{sfn|Ford|2006|p=105}}
An Abbot serves a Zen center in an administrative capacity, and does not necessarily provide spiritual direction, though several are Soen Sa Nims. These individuals take care of budgets and other such tasks.<ref group=web>
==Criticism==
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* [http://www.patheos.com/blogs/monkeymind/2009/03/monks-nuns-priests-in-western-zen.html James Ishmael Ford: Bodhisattva Ordination, Leadership Reform, and the Role of Zen Clerics in Japan]
'''Criticism'''
* [
* [http://nozeninthewest.wordpress.com/2011/04/09/fundamentally-no-hierarchy/ Fundamentally No Hierarchy?]
* [http://www.disinfo.com/2011/12/sex-sake-and-zen/ Sex, sake and Zen] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120524233158/http://www.disinfo.com/2011/12/sex-sake-and-zen/ |date=2012-05-24 }}
* [
'''History of Zen'''
* [http://www.thezensite.com/ thezensite]
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