Java stingaree: Difference between revisions

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{{Short description|Species of cartilaginous fish}}

{{Taxobox

{{Speciesbox

| name = Java stingaree

| status = PEEX

| status_system = IUCN3.1

| status_ref = <ref name="iucn status 31 December 2023">{{Citecite iucn | author=Constance, J. |author2= LastEbert, PD.RA. | author2 author3=Fahmi, MarshallFinucci, L.JB. |author4=Simeon, last-author-ampB. |author5=Kyne, yesP.M. |year=2023 |title = ''Urolophus javanicus'' | volume = 20062023 | page = e.T60095A12247760T60095A229337053 | date = 2006 | doi = 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2006.RLTS.T60095A12247760.en | access-date = 2331 December 20172023}}</ref>

| regnumextinct = [[Animalia]]2019

| phylumgenus = [[Chordata]]Urolophus

| species = '''''U. javanicus'''''

| classis = [[Chondrichthyes]]

| binomial_authorityauthority = ([[Eduard von Martens|E. von Martens]], 1864)

| subclassis = [[Elasmobranchii]]

| synonyms = *''Trygonoptera javanica'' <small>E. von Martens, 1864</small>

| ordo = [[Myliobatiformes]]

| synonyms_ref = <ref>{{Catalogue of Life|id=7DW7Y|title=''Urolophus javanicus''|access-date=1 January 2024}}</ref>

| familia = [[Urolophidae]]

| genus = ''[[Urolophus]]''

| species = '''''U. javanicus'''''

| binomial = ''Urolophus javanicus''

| binomial_authority = ([[Eduard von Martens|E. von Martens]], 1864)

| synonyms = ''Trygonoptera javanica'' <small>E. von Martens, 1864</small>

}}

The '''Java stingaree''' ('''''Urolophus javanicus''''') is aan extinct [[species]] of [[Myliobatiformes|stingray]] in the [[family (biology)|family]] [[Urolophidae]], known only from a single female specimen {{convert|33|cm|in|abbr=on}} long caught off [[Jakarta]], [[Indonesia]]. This species is characterized by an oval-shaped [[pectoral fin]] disc longer than wide, and a tail with a [[dorsal fin]] in front of the stinging spine and a [[caudal fin]]. It is brown above, with darker and lighter spots. The [[International Union for Conservation of Nature]] has listed the Java stingaree as [[critically endangeredExtinction|Extinct]];<ref name="iucn status 31 December 2023" /> it has not been recorded since its discovery over 150 years ago, and its range is subject to heavy fishing pressure and [[habitat degradation]].

[[Category:Extinct animals of Indonesia]]

==Taxonomy==

In July 1862, German [[zoologist]] [[Eduard von Martens]] purchased the sole known specimen of the Java stingaree at a fish market in Jakarta. He described it as ''Trygonoptera javanica'' in an 1864 volume of the [[scientific journal]] ''Monatsberichte der Akademie der Wissenschaft zu Berlin'' (''Monthly Report of the Academy of Sciences, Berlin'').<ref name="martens">{{cite journal |author=Martens, E. von |date=April 18, 1864 |title=Über eine neue Art von Rochen, ''Trygonoptera javanica'' |journal=Monatsberichte der Akademie der Wissenschaft zu Berlin |volume=1864 |pages=260&ndash;264}}</ref> Subsequent authors moved this species to the genus ''Urolophus''.<ref name="last and compagno">{{cite book |author=Last, P.R. |author2=L.J.V. Compagno |lastname-authorlist-ampstyle=yesamp |chapter=Myliobatiformes: Urolophidae |editor=Carpenter, K.E. |editor2=V.H. Niem |title=FAO identification guide for fishery purposes: The living marine resources of the Western Central Pacific |publisher=Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations |year=1999 |isbn=92-5-104302-7 |pages=1469&ndash;1476}}</ref>

==Distribution and habitat==

The Java stingaree has only been found offin the [[Java Sea]], perhaps in the vicinity of Jakarta. Its exact range, and depth and [[habitat]] preferences, are unknown but probably very restricted.<ref name="iucn status 31 December 2023" />

==Description==

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==Biology and ecology==

Very little is known of the natural history of the Java stingaree. It is presumably [[aplacental viviparous]] with a small litter size, as in other stingarees.<ref name="iucn status 31 December 2023" />

==Human interactions==

No new Java stingaree specimens have emerged since the first was discovered over 150 years ago, and it ishas fearednow tobeen beclassified as [[extinct]].<ref name="iucn status 31 December 2023" /> There is heavy fishing activity within its range, as well as [[habitat degradation]] from the proximity of major population centers. While it is possible that captured specimens have gone unrecognized, if this species still survivessurvived its population would almost certainly be gravely imperiled,imperilled; leadingthis has led to the [[International Union for Conservation of Nature]] (IUCN) to assessassessing it as [[CriticallyExtinct Endangered]]as of 22 March 2019.<ref name="iucn status 31 December 2023" />

==References==

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{{Taxonbar|from=Q3281157}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:stingaree, Java}}

[[Category:Urolophus|javanicus]]

[[Category:Fish of Indonesia]]

[[Category:FishEndemic fauna of the Pacific OceanJava]]

[[Category:FaunaSpecies ofknown Javafrom a single specimen]]

[[Category:Critically endangered fish]]

[[Category:Critically endangered fauna of Asia]]

[[Category:Taxonomy articles created by Polbot]]

[[Category:FishTaxa describednamed inby 1864Eduard von Martens]]

[[Category:Fish described in 1864|Java stingaree]]