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{{Short description|Usage of HTML tags with MediaWiki}}
<noinclude>{{pp-semi-indef|small=yes}}</noinclude>
 
{{Redirect|WP:HTML|general information about the default markup language on Wikipedia|Wikipedia:HTML5}}{{For|wikitext equivalents to HTML tags|Help:Wikitext}}{{Locutions pages header}}
{{Wikipedia how to|H:HTML|WP:HTML}}
 
{{Wiki markup}}
 
The [[MediaWiki]] software, which drives Wikipedia, allows the use of a subset of [[HTML5]] [[HTML element|elements]], or tags and their [[HTML attribute|attributes]], for presentation formatting.{{r|sanitizer}} However, most HTML functionality can be replicated using equivalent [[Help:Wiki markup|wiki markup]] or [[Help:Templates|templates]]. These alternatives are generally preferred within articles because they are often simpler for most editors to use and less intrusive in the editing interface. [[Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style#Keep_markup_simple|Wikipedia's Manual of Style]] recommends when and where these alternatives should be used. (See [[Help:Wikitext]] for wikitext equivalents to HTML tags not otherwise discussed below.)
 
HTML can also be useful outside articles, such as for formatting within templates. For assistance with using Cascading Style Sheets on Wikipedia, see [[Help:Cascading Style Sheets]].
 
Some tags that resemble HTML are actually MediaWiki [[#Parser and extension tags|parser and extension tags]], and so are actually wiki markup. HTML included in pages can be validated for HTML5 compliance by using [[#Validation|validation]]. Note that some elements and attributes supported by MediaWiki and browsers have been [[Wikipedia:HTML5|deprecated by HTML5]] and should no longer be used.{{TOC limit|3}}
 
== Tutorials ==
This help page gives only an overview of allowed markup. For further assistance and detailed specifications:
 
* [https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/Guide/HTML/HTML5/Introduction_to_HTML5 HTML5 Introduction] at developer.mozilla.org
* [httphttps://wwwdeveloper.w3schoolsmozilla.comorg/htmlen-US/html5_intro.aspdocs/Learn/HTML HTML5 Introduction] at w3schoolsdeveloper.mozilla.comorg
* [https://www.w3schools.com/html/default.asp HTML5 Introduction] at w3schools.com
 
== Attributes ==
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Global attributes apply to all tags. Attributes not listed here are not allowed by MediaWiki{{r|sanitizer}}:
* <code>class</code>: one or more classifications to which the element belongs. See [[Wikipedia:Catalogue of CSS classes]].
* <code>dir</code>: text direction— "<code>"ltr"</code>" (left-to-right), "<code>"rtl"</code>" (right-to-left) or "<code>"auto"</code>".
* <code>id</code>: unique identifier for the element.
* <code>lang</code>: primary language for the contents of the element per [[BCP 47]]. The MediaWiki software automatically adds the <code>xml:lang</code> attribute whenever <code>lang</code> is defined, but <code>xml:lang</code> will no longer be passed when included as a separate attribute.
* <code>style</code>: applies CSS styling to the contents of the element.
* <code>title</code>: advisory information associated with the element.
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{{markup
|<nowikisyntaxhighlight lang="html">This is <span style="color:red;">red</span> text.</nowikisyntaxhighlight>
|2=This is <span style="color:red;">red</span> text.
}}
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<section end="WIKI_section" />
 
Templates: {{tltlx|fake heading}} for use in documentation
 
==== p ====
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{{tag|p}} is especially useful in lists, for list items with multiple paragraphs:
 
{{markup|<nowikisyntaxhighlight lang="tid">
* <p>This is a paragraph.</p><p>This is another paragraph in the same item.</p>
* This is a different item.</nowikisyntaxhighlight>
|
* <p>This is a paragraph.</p><p>This is another paragraph in the same item.</p>
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==== br ====
{{see|WikipediaHelp:Line-break handling#&lt;br&gt;| Wikipedia:Don't use line breaks}}
{{tag|br|o}} or {{tag|br|s}} inserts a line break. BothSee [[H:BR]] for the other 4 versions ofthat the break[[MediaWiki]] aresoftware supportedconverts by HTML5.to {{tag|br|cs}} isin invalidthe HTML that browsers read.
 
{{markup
|<nowiki>HyperText<br>Markup Language</nowiki>
|HyperText<br />Markup Language
}}
 
Templates:
* {{tltlx|break}} adds multiple line breaks.
* {{tltlx|crlf2}} adds a true carriage return and line feed.
* {{tltlx|clear}} adds a break with styling to clear floating elements.
* {{tltlx|plainlist}} creates an unbulleted list.
 
==== hr ====
{{see|WP:LINE}}
{{tag|hr|o}} or {{tag|hr|s}} represents a paragraph-level thematic break and presents as a horizontal rule.
 
{{markup
|<nowiki><hr /></nowiki>
|<hr />
}}
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}}
 
Templates: {{tltlx|hr}}
 
==== Comments ====
{{see|WPMOS:COMMENT}}
{{tag|!--}} formats the enclosed text as a hidden comment.
 
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==== abbr ====
{{tag|abbr}} creates a [[Wikipedia:Tooltips|tooltip]] to define an abbreviation or acronym that is displayed on mouse-over.
 
{{markup
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}}
 
Templates: {{tltlx|abbr}}
 
==== b ====
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Attributes and values:
* <code>dir</code> —– Specifies the text direction.
** <code>ltr</code>
** <code>rtl</code>
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}}
 
Templates: {{tltlx|quote}}; supports pre-formatted attribution and source parameters. For other specialized quotation templates, see [[:Category:Quotation templates]].
 
==== cite ====
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|<cite>HyperText Markup Language</cite>
}}
 
{{tag|cite}} is generally not used directly in Wikipedia articles, and is often misused; see [[Wikipedia:HTML 5#cite]] for replacement instructions.
 
==== code ====
{{tag|code}} formats a section of computer code. Styled with [[Cascading Style Sheets|CSS]] through {{MediaWiki source|mediawiki.skinning/elements.cssless}} as a Courierblack monospaced[[Monospaced slab seriffont|monospaced]] typeface with a grey background (#F8F9FA) and border (#EAECF0).
 
{{markup
|<nowiki>use <code>HyperTextthis Markup Languagecode</code></nowiki>
|use <code>HyperTextthis Markup Languagecode</code>
|col2=Renders as<ref name="white bgcolor">For the table cell a white background color was chosen here for a better display of the light gray background.</ref>
|col2style=background-color:#fff;
}}
 
Templates: {{tltlx|code}} uses {{xtag|syntaxhighlight}}. See the "See also" section at the template page for additional code-markup templates.
 
See {{section link||samp}} and {{section link||kbd}} on this page for semantic markup of output and input, respectively.
 
==== data ====
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==== dfn ====
{{tag|dfn}} is used for indicating the defining instance of a definitionterm.
 
{{markup
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}}
 
Templates: {{tltlx|dfn}}
 
==== em ====
{{see|MOS:ITALIC}}
{{tag|em}} represents a span of text with emphatic stress (i.e. semantic emphasis). In most browsers, it renders as italic.
 
{{markup
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}}
 
Templates: {{tltlx|em}}
 
==== i ====
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==== kbd ====
{{tag|kbd}} indicates user input such as keyboard input or voice commands (but ''no'' {{kbd|gray background}} as with the template {{tlx|kbd}}).
 
{{markup
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Templates:
* {{tlx|kbd}} applies monospace styling, and a light-grey background to distinguish from code ({{tag|code|o}}) and output ({{tag|samp|o}} or {{tlx|samp}}).
* {{tl|kbd}} applies gray styling
* {{tltlx|key press}} renders illustrated keys and keystrokes.
 
==== mark ====
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{{markup
|<nowiki><pre>HyperText Markup Language</pre></nowiki>
|col2=Renders as<ref name="white bgcolor"/>
 
|col2style=background-color:#fff
 
|<pre>
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}}
 
'''===== HTML entities''' =====
 
{{xtagtag|pre|o}} parses [[Character encodings in HTML|HTML entities]]. If you want to escape this, replace <code>&</code> with <code>&amp;amp;</code>, or use {{xtag|syntaxhighlight|params = lang="text"}} instead.
 
{{markup
|<nowiki><pre>&amp;amp;</pre></nowiki>
|col2=Renders as<ref name="white bgcolor"/>
 
|col2style=background-color:#fff
 
|<pre>
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Templates:
* {{tltlx|pre}} wraps text that overflows the page.
* {{tl|pre2}} wraps or uses scrollbox.
 
==== q ====
{{tag|q}} is used to mark a short quotation. There has been very little implementation of this element in Wikipedia yet.
 
{{markup
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}}
 
[[MOS:QUOTATIONS]] says Wikipedia should instead use "", {{tl|quote}}, or <nowiki><blockquote></nowiki>.
==== rp, rt, ruby ====
 
==== rp, rt, rtc, ruby ====
 
{{see|Ruby character}}
 
{{tag|ruby}} marks spans of phrasing content with ruby annotations.
* {{tag|rtc}} marks a ruby text container for ruby text components in a ruby annotation
 
* {{tag|rt}} marks the ruby text component of a ruby annotation; the ruby text shows in a reduced size over top of the normal characters.
* {{tag|rp}} is used to provide parentheses around a ruby text component of a ruby annotation, to be shown by user agents that don't support ruby annotations.
 
{{tag|rp}} is used to provide parentheses around a ruby text component of a ruby annotation, to be shown by user agents that don’t support ruby annotations.
 
Browsers that do not support ruby characters will show the ruby text in normal size, enclosed in parentheses and after the normal content.
 
{{markup
|<nowikisyntaxhighlight lang="html"><ruby>
東<rtc><rp>(</rp><rt>とう</rt><rp>)</rp></rtc>
京<rtc><rp>(</rp><rt>きょう</rt><rp>)</rp></rtc>
</ruby></nowikisyntaxhighlight>
|<ruby>
東<rtc><rp>(</rp><rt>とう</rt><rp>)</rp></rtc>
京<rtc><rp>(</rp><rt>きょう</rt><rp>)</rp></rtc>
</ruby>
}}
 
Templates:
* {{tltlx|ruby}}
* {{tltlx|ruby-ja}} for Japanese
* {{tltlx|Ruby-zh-p}} for Chinese pinyin
* {{tltlx|Ruby-zh-b}} for Chinese bopomofo
 
==== s ====
{{tag|s}} is used to indicate inline content that is no longer accurate or relevant and that has been struck from the page. It is not appropriate when indicating document edits; to mark a span of text as having been removed from a document, use {{tag|del|o}}.
 
{{markup
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}}
 
Templates: {{tltlx|strikethrough}} (for inline content), {{tlx|strikethroughdiv}} (for block content)
 
==== samp ====
{{tag|samp}} indicates sample output from a program or computing system. Examples include: output of a program, script, or Wikipedia template; status displays or audio announcements made by an app or device; file system directory listings and samples from them, such as paths and file names.
 
{{markup
|<nowiki>sample output: <samp>HyperText Markup LanguageHTML</samp></nowiki>
|sample output: <samp>HyperText Markup LanguageHTML</samp>
}}
 
Templates: {{tltlx|samp}} applies graymonospace styling, and gives the text in dark grey to distinguish from code ({{tag|code|o}}) and input ({{tag|kbd|o}} or {{tlx|kbd}}).
 
==== small ====
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Templates:
* {{tltlx|small}} uses {{tag|smallspan|o|params=style="font-size:85%;"}}. {{tltlx|small}} is recommended over {{tag|small|o}} since not{{tag|small}} allhas browsersa rendersemantic meaning that is for [[fine print]], whereas {{tlx|small}} textis thepurely samestylistic.
 
==== strong ====
{{tag|strong}} formats a span of text with strong importance or unusual emphasis; in most browsers it renders as boldface. This should generally not be used in Wikipedia articles, per [[WP:Neutral point of view]] policy. See [[MOS:BOLD]] on use of this element and other boldfacing. Most semantic emphasis, including in quoted material, should be rendered with the {{tag|em|o}} element.
{{tag|strong}} formats a span of text with strong importance.
 
{{markup
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}}
 
Templates: {{tltlx|strong}}
 
==== sub ====
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}}
 
Templates:{{hlist|
*| {{tltlx|sub}} ({{sub|subscript}} text)
*| {{tltlx|subsub}} ({{subsub|subscript subscript}} text)
*| {{tltlx|ssub}} ({{ssub|subscript, small}} text)
*| {{tltlx|sup}} {{nbsp}}({{sup|superscript}} text)
*| {{tltlx|su}} ({{su|p=superscript|b=subscript}} text)
*| {{tltlx|sup sub}} (text{{sup sub|sup|sub}})
*| {{tltlx|e}} (1.23{{e|4}})
|style=line-height:2.5
|indent=3}}
 
==== sup ====
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Templates:
* {{tltlx|sub}} ({{sub|subscript}} text)
* {{tltlx|subsub}} ({{subsub|subscript subscript}} text)
* {{tltlx|ssub}} ({{ssub|subscript, small}} text)
* {{tltlx|sup}} ({{sup|superscript}} text)
* {{tltlx|su}} ({{su|p=superscript|b=subscript}} text)
* {{tltlx|sup sub}} (text{{sup sub|sup|sub}})
* {{tltlx|e}} (1.23{{e|4}})
 
==== time ====
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==== u ====
{{see|MOS:BADEMPHASIS|MOS:QUOTE}}
{{tag|u}} represents a span of text offset from its surrounding content without conveying any extra emphasis or importance, and for which the conventional typographic presentation is underlining; for example, a span of text in Chinese that is a proper name (a Chinese proper name mark), or span of text that is known to be misspelled.
 
{{tag|u|o}} was [[HTML element#Presentational markup|presentational element of HTML]] that was originally used to underline text; this usage was [[deprecated]] in HTML4 in favor of the [[CSS]] style <code>{text-decoration: underline}</code>.<ref name=mozilla>{{cite web |url=https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Element/u |title=&lt;u&gt;: The Unarticulated Annotation (Underline) element | date = 1 August 2020 |access-date= 9 October 2020 | website= mozilla.org}}</ref> In HTML5, the tag reappeared but its meaning was changed significantly: it now "represents a span of inline text which should be rendered in a way that indicates that it has a non-textual annotation".<ref name=mozilla /> This facility is intended for example to provide a red wavy line underline to flag spelling errors at input time but which are not to be embedded in any stored file (unlike an emphasis mark, which would be).
 
{{markup
|<nowiki><u>HyperText Markup Language</u></nowiki>
|<u>HyperText Markup Language</u>
}}
 
Templates: {{tltlx|underline}} (which supplies the recommended CSS style)
 
==== var ====
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{{markup
|1=<syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">
|<nowiki><var>HyperText Markup Language</var></nowiki>
*<var>E</var>=<var>m</var>c<sup>2</sup> (c is a constant not a variable)
|<var>HyperText Markup Language</var>
*<code><nowiki>{{</nowiki><var>TemplateName</var>|<var>parameter</var>=<var>value</var><nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>
*If <var>A</var> then <var>B</var>
 
</syntaxhighlight>
 
|2=
*<var>E</var>=<var>m</var>c<sup>2</sup> (c is a constant not a variable)<br />
*<code><nowiki>{{</nowiki><var>TemplateName</var>{{!}}<var>parameter</var>=<var>value</var><nowiki>}}</nowiki></code><br />
*If <var>A</var> then <var>B</var>
}}
 
Templates:
* {{tltlx|var}}
* {{tltlx|varserif}} formatted in italic serif to differentiate characters
 
==== wbr ====
{{see| WikipediaHelp:Line-break handling#&lt;wbr&gt; and soft hyphens}}
{{tag|wbr|o}} is a word break opportunity; that is, it specifies where it would be OK to add a line-break where a word is too long, or it is perceived that the browser will break a line at the wrong place.
 
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{{markup
|<nowikisyntaxhighlight lang="html"><dl>
<dt>Term</dt>
<dd>Definition 1</dd>
<dd>Definition 2</dd>
</dl></syntaxhighlight>
<dd>Definition 3</dd>
<dd>Definition 4</dd>
</dl></nowiki>
|<dl>
<dt>Term</dt>
<dd>Definition 1</dd>
<dd>Definition 2</dd>
<dd>Definition 3</dd>
<dd>Definition 4</dd>
</dl>
}}
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{{markup
|<nowikisyntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">; Term
: Definition 1
: Definition 2</syntaxhighlight>
: Definition 3
: Definition 4</nowiki>
|<dl><!-- this wikimarkup does not render in this template -->
<dt>Term</dt>
<dd>Definition 1</dd>
<dd>Definition 2</dd>
<dd>Definition 3</dd>
<dd>Definition 4</dd>
</dl>
}}
 
Templates: {{tltlx|defn}}
 
==== ol, ul, li ====
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{{markup
|<nowikisyntaxhighlight lang="html"><ol>
<li>Item 1</li>
<li>Item 2</li>
</ol></syntaxhighlight>
<li>Item 3</li>
<li>Item 4</li>
</ol></nowiki>
|<ol>
<li>Item 1</li>
<li>Item 2</li>
<li>Item 3</li>
<li>Item 4</li>
</ol>
|<nowikisyntaxhighlight lang="html"><ul>
<li>Item 1</li>
<li>Item 2</li>
</ul></syntaxhighlight>
<li>Item 3</li>
<li>Item 4</li>
</ul></nowiki>
|<ul>
<li>Item 1</li>
<li>Item 2</li>
<li>Item 3</li>
<li>Item 4</li>
</ul>
}}
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Wikimarkup: use <code>*</code> for items in an unordered list and <code>#</code> for ordered lists.
{{markup
|1=<nowikisyntaxhighlight lang="wikitext"># Item 1
# Item 2</syntaxhighlight>
# Item 3
# Item 4</nowiki>
|2=<nowiki />
# Item 1
# Item 2
|3=<syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">* Item 1
# Item 3
#* Item 42</syntaxhighlight>
|3=<nowiki>* Item 1
* Item 2
* Item 3
* Item 4</nowiki>
|4=<nowiki />
* Item 1
* Item 2
* Item 3
* Item 4
}}
 
Line 682 ⟶ 694:
{{tag|table}} defines a table.
 
* {{tag|tr}} defines a table row.
* {{tag|td}} defines a data cell with contents that may include text, links, images, lists, forms, other tables, etc.
 
{{tag|td}} defines a data cell with contents that may include text, links, images, lists, forms, other tables, etc.
 
{{markup
|<nowikisyntaxhighlight lang="html"><table border=1>
<tr>
<td>data</td>
<td>data</td>
</tr>
</table></nowikisyntaxhighlight>
|2=<table border=1>
<tr>
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{{markup
|<nowikisyntaxhighlight lang="html"><table border="1">
<tr>
<th>Header</th>
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<td>data</td>
</tr>
</table></nowikisyntaxhighlight>
|2=<table border="1">
<tr>
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Attributes:
* {{tag|th|o}}: <code>colspan</code>, <code>headers</code>, <code>rowspan</code>, <code>scope</code>
*: Allowed but obsolete: <code>abbr</code>, <code>align</code>, <code>axis</code>, <code>bgcolor</code>, <code>scope</code>, <code>height</code>, <code>nowrap</code>, <code>valign</code>, <code>width</code><ref name="w3c_obsolete" />
 
==== caption ====
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{{markup
|<nowikisyntaxhighlight lang="html"><table border=1>
<caption>Caption</caption>
<tr>
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<td>data</td>
</tr>
</table></nowikisyntaxhighlight>
|2=<table border=1>
<caption>Caption</caption>
Line 766 ⟶ 777:
 
== Obsolete/deprecated elements ==
{{main|Wikipedia:HTML5#Obsolete elements and attributes}}
These elements are now obsolete and deprecated in HTML5, but still supported by browsers.<ref name="w3c_obsolete" /> These tags either have an alternate tag or a template that replaces their function with CSS. See [[Wikipedia:HTML5]] for more details on obsolete HTML parts and their replacements.
These elements are now obsolete and either deprecated or removed in HTML5, although they are still supported by browsers.<ref name="w3c_obsolete" /> '''Their use should be avoided on Wikipedia.''' These tags either have an alternate tag or a template that replaces their function with CSS; except for {{tag|big}}, the tags are being replaced by editors on pages throughout Wikipedia (see [[Wikipedia:Linter]] for more details). See {{slink|Wikipedia:HTML5#Obsolete elements and attributes}} for more details on obsolete HTML parts and their replacements.
 
=== big ===
{{dc|{{tag|big}} (obsolete)}} formatswas used to render text in a larger"large" font size.
 
Templates: {{tltlx|big}} uses CSS.
 
=== center ===
{{for|centering tables|Help:Table#Centering tables}}
{{dc|{{tag|center}} (obsolete)}} iswas used to center text elements.
 
Templates: {{tltlx|center}} uses CSS.
 
=== font ===
{{dc|{{tag|font}} (obsolete)}} iswas used to set the font size, font face and color of text.
 
Templates: {{tltlx|font}} uses CSS.
 
=== rb ===
{{dc|{{tag|rb}} (obsolete)}} Usedwas used to mark base text in a ruby annotation.
 
For replacements, see: [[Help:HTML in wikitext#rp, rt, rtc, ruby]]
 
=== strike ===
{{dc|{{tag|strike}} (obsolete)}} formatsformatted strike-through characters; use {{tag|s}} or {{tag|odel}} instead, depending on the context.
 
=== tt ===
{{dc|{{tag|tt}} (obsolete)}} formatsformatted text in a fixed-width font. Use {{tag|code|o}}, {{tag|kbd|o}}, {{tag|var|o}}, or {{tag|samp|o}} instead, depending on the context.
 
Templates: {{tltlx|mono}} uses CSS.
 
== Unsupported elements ==
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=== a ===
{{details|Help:Wiki markup#Links and URLs}}
{{tag|a|o}} is used to create links. Use the <code><nowiki>[[ ]]</nowiki></code> wikimarkup for internal/intrawiki links and [[Help:Interwiki linking|interwiki links]], and <code><nowiki>[ ]</nowiki></code> for external links.
 
=== input ===
Line 808 ⟶ 822:
 
== HTML Tidy ==
{{historical |type=section}}
[[HTML Tidy]] is enabled for the English Wikipedia. Tidy parses the MediaWiki output and cleans it up to ensure that valid HTML is rendered. For example, {{tag|br|o}}, {{tag|br|c}}, {{tag|br/|o}}, {{tag|br.|o}} will all render as {{tag|br|s}}. Tidy is not enabled for [[Help:MediaWiki namespace|MediaWiki interface pages]]. Tidy is not perfect, and has been known to introduce errors.
[[HTML Tidy]] is an outdated HTML4 library{{vague|upstream is now HTML5}} that is [[:mw:Parsing/Replacing Tidy|slated for removal]]. Tidy parses the MediaWiki output and cleans it up to increase the likelihood that valid HTML4 is rendered. For example, with Tidy enabled, {{tag|br|o}}, {{tag|br|c}}, {{tag|br/|o}}, {{tag|br.|o}} all rendered as {{tag|br|s}}. Tidy is not enabled for [[Help:MediaWiki namespace|MediaWiki interface pages]]. Tidy was never perfect and has been known to introduce errors.
 
== Exceptions ==
Line 824 ⟶ 839:
 
== See also ==
* [[Help:Wiki markupWikitext]]
* [[Wikipedia:HTML5]]
* [[:Category:Wikipedia XHTML tag-replacing templates]]
 
== References ==
Line 836 ⟶ 852:
== External links ==
* HTML 4.01 specification: [http://www.w3.org/TR/html401/index/elements.html elements] | [http://www.w3.org/TR/html401/index/attributes.html attributes]
* HTML 5.2 specification: [https://www.w3.org/TR/html5/fullindex.html#index-elements elements] | [https://www.w3.org/TR/html5/fullindex.html#attributes-table attributes]
 
{{Wikipedia directories}}
{{Wikipedia editor navigation}}
 
{{Help navigation}}
{{Wikipedia technical help|collapsed}}
[[Category:Wikipedia editor help]]
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:HTML_in_wikitext"