World Ocean Database Project: Difference between revisions

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{{short description|International collection of ocean profile-plankton data}}

{{orphan|date=February 2010}}

The '''World Ocean Database Project''', or '''WOD''', was established by the [[Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission]] (IOC). The project leader was Sydney Levitus, also director of the [[International Council for Science]] (ICSU) World Data Center (WDC) for Oceanography, Silver Spring.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.ioc-unesco.org/index.php?option=com_oe&task=viewDocumentRecord&docID=1102|title=Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission|website=www.ioc-unesco.org|language=en-gb|access-date=2017-07-18}}</ref> Sydney Levitus retired in 2013.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mishnov |first=Alexey |date=July 2019 |title=World Ocean Atlas 2018 Volume 4: Dissolved Inorganic Nutrients (phosphate, nitrate and nitrate+nitrite, silicate) |url=https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/sites/default/files/2020-04/woa18_vol4.pdf |access-date=June 7, 2024 |website=NOAA NCEI |page=4

The|quote=He '''Worldretired Oceanin Database2013 Project''',after or39 '''WOD''',years isof adistinguished project established by the [[World Data Center|World Data Center system]] (WDC) and thecivil U.Sservice. government's [[National Oceanographic Data Center]] (NODC) intended to preserve and disseminate [[oceanography|oceanographic]] data.}}</ref> In recognition of the success byof the [[Intergovernmental_Oceanographic_Commission|Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission]] (IOC) [[Global Oceanographic Data Archaeological and Rescue Project]] (GODAR project), a proposal was presented at the 16th Session of the Committee on [[International Oceanographic Data and Information Exchange]] (IODE), which was held in [[Lisbon, Portugal]], in October-NovemberOctober–November 2000, to establish the World Ocean Database Project. This project is intended to stimulate the international exchange of modern oceanographic data and, encourage the development of regional oceanographic databases, asand well as the implementation ofimplement regional quality control procedures. ThisAfter newthe ProjectPortugal was endorsed bymeeting, the IODE atendorsed thethis conclusionnew of the Portugal meetingProject, and the IOC subsequently approved this project in June 2001.

The World Ocean Database represents the world’sworld's largest collection of ocean profile-plankton data available internationally without restriction. Data comes from the: (a) 65Sixty-five National Oceanographic Data Centers and nine Designated National Agencies (DNAs) (in Croatia, Finland, Georgia, Malaysia, Romania, Senegal, Sweden, Tanzania, and Ukraine), (b) International Ocean Observing Projects such as historicalthe completed [[WOCE|World Ocean Circulation Experiment]] (WOCE) and Joint Global Ocean Flux Study (JGOFS), as well as currently active programs such as [[CLIVAR]] and Argo, (c) International Ocean Data Management Projects such as the IOC/IODE Global Oceanographic Data Archaeology and Rescue Project (GODAR), and (d) Real-time Ocean Observing Systems such as the IOC/IODE [[Global_TemperatureGlobal Temperature-Salinity_Profile_ProgramSalinity Profile Program|Global Temperature-Salinity Profile Project]] (GTSPP). All ocean data acquired by WDC Silver Spring – USA are considered as part of the WDC archive and are freely available as public ___domain data.

The '''World Ocean Database Project''', or '''WOD''', is a project established by the [[World Data Center|World Data Center system]] (WDC) and the U.S. government's [[National Oceanographic Data Center]] (NODC) intended to preserve and disseminate [[oceanography|oceanographic]] data. In recognition of the success by the [[Intergovernmental_Oceanographic_Commission|Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission]] (IOC) [[Global Oceanographic Data Archaeological and Rescue Project]] (GODAR project), a proposal was presented at the 16th Session of the Committee on [[International Oceanographic Data and Information Exchange]] (IODE), which was held in [[Lisbon, Portugal]], in October-November 2000, to establish the World Ocean Database Project. This project is intended to stimulate international exchange of modern oceanographic data and encourage the development of regional oceanographic databases as well as the implementation of regional quality control procedures. This new Project was endorsed by the IODE at the conclusion of the Portugal meeting, and the IOC subsequently approved this project in June 2001.

==Comparison of World Ocean Databases==

The World Ocean Database represents the world’s largest collection of ocean profile-plankton data available internationally without restriction. Data comes from the: (a) 65 National Oceanographic Data Centers and nine Designated National Agencies (DNAs) (in Croatia, Finland, Georgia, Malaysia, Romania, Senegal, Sweden, Tanzania, and Ukraine), (b) International Ocean Observing Projects such as historical [[WOCE|World Ocean Circulation Experiment]] (WOCE) and Joint Global Ocean Flux Study (JGOFS), as well as currently active programs such as [[CLIVAR]] and Argo, (c) International Ocean Data Management Projects such as the IOC/IODE Global Oceanographic Data Archaeology and Rescue Project (GODAR), and (d) Real-time Ocean Observing Systems such as the IOC/IODE [[Global_Temperature-Salinity_Profile_Program|Global Temperature-Salinity Profile Project]] (GTSPP). All ocean data acquired by WDC Silver Spring – USA are considered as part of the WDC archive and freely available as public ___domain data.

The World Ocean Database was first released in 1994<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nodc.noaa.gov/OC5/indpub.html#World%20Ocean%20Atlas%201994 |title=World Ocean Atlas 1994 series |accessdate=2008-10-22 |publisher=[[National Oceanographic Data Center]] |date=2008-08-29 }}</ref> and updates have been released approximately every four years,: 1998,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nodc.noaa.gov/OC5/indpub.html#World%20Ocean%20Atlas%201998 |title=World Ocean Atlas 1998 series |accessdate=2008-10-22 |publisher=[[National Oceanographic Data Center]] |date=2008-08-29 }}</ref>, 2001,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nodc.noaa.gov/OC5/WOA01/pr_woa01.html |title=World Ocean Atlas 2001 |accessdate=2008-10-22 |publisher=[[National Oceanographic Data Center]] |date=2007-10-04 }}</ref>, and 2005.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nodc.noaa.gov/OC5/WOA05/pr_woa05.html |title=World Ocean Atlas 2005 |accessdate=2008-10-22 |publisher=[[National Oceanographic Data Center]] |date=2007-09-12 }}</ref>. The most recent World Ocean Database series, WOD09, was released in September 2009.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nodc.noaa.gov/OC5/WOA09/pr_woa09.html |title=World Ocean Atlas 2009 |accessdate=2010-05-19 |publisher=[[National Oceanographic Data Center]] |date=2010-03-30 }}</ref>. The WOD09 has more than 9 million temperature profiles and 3.6 million salinity profiles. Table 1.0 is aThe comparisontable ofcompares the number of stations by instrument type in WOD09 with previous NODC/WDC global ocean databases.

{| class="wikitable" style="margin:1em auto;"

The World Ocean Database was first released in 1994<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nodc.noaa.gov/OC5/indpub.html#World%20Ocean%20Atlas%201994 |title=World Ocean Atlas 1994 series |accessdate=2008-10-22 |publisher=[[National Oceanographic Data Center]] |date=2008-08-29 }}</ref> and updates have been released approximately every four years, 1998<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nodc.noaa.gov/OC5/indpub.html#World%20Ocean%20Atlas%201998 |title=World Ocean Atlas 1998 series |accessdate=2008-10-22 |publisher=[[National Oceanographic Data Center]] |date=2008-08-29 }}</ref>, 2001<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nodc.noaa.gov/OC5/WOA01/pr_woa01.html |title=World Ocean Atlas 2001 |accessdate=2008-10-22 |publisher=[[National Oceanographic Data Center]] |date=2007-10-04 }}</ref>, and 2005<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nodc.noaa.gov/OC5/WOA05/pr_woa05.html |title=World Ocean Atlas 2005 |accessdate=2008-10-22 |publisher=[[National Oceanographic Data Center]] |date=2007-09-12 }}</ref>. The most recent World Ocean Database series, WOD09 was released in September 2009<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nodc.noaa.gov/OC5/WOA09/pr_woa09.html |title=World Ocean Atlas 2009 |accessdate=2010-05-19 |publisher=[[National Oceanographic Data Center]] |date=2010-03-30 }}</ref>. The WOD09 has more than 9 million temperature profiles and 3.6 million salinity profiles. Table 1.0 is a comparison of the number of stations by instrument type in WOD09 with previous NODC/WDC global ocean databases.

==Table 1.0 Comparison of the amount of data in WOD09 with previous ocean databases==

{| class="wikitable"

|-

! Instrument Type !! NODC (1974)<ref>Based on statistics from Levitus, S. (1982) {{cite web|url=ftp://ftp.nodc.noaa.gov/pub/data.nodc/woa/PUBLICATIONS/levitus_atlas_1982.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190804213632/ftp://ftp.nodc.noaa.gov/pub/data.nodc/woa/PUBLICATIONS/levitus_atlas_1982.pdf |archive-date=2019-08-04 |url-status=dead |title=Climatological Atlas of the World Ocean }}, [[NOAA]] Professional Paper No. 13, pp. 191</ref> !! NODC (1991)<ref>Based on NODC Temperature Profile CD-ROM</ref> !! WOA94 !! WOD98 !! WOD01 !! WOD05 !! WOD09

! Instrument Type !! NODC (1974)⁶ !! NODC (1991)⁷ !! WOA94 !! WOD98 !! WOD01 !! WOD05 !! WOD09

|- style="text-align: right;"

| OSD <supref>8WOD09 OSD dataset includes data from 121,763 low-resolution CTD casts and 1,489 low-resolution XCTD casts</supref> || 425,000 || 783,912 || 1,194,407 || 1,373,440 || 2,121,042 || 2,258,437 || 2,541,298

|- style="text-align: right;"

| CTD <supref>9WOD09 CTD dataset includes data from 5,985 high-resolution XCTD casts</supref> || na || 66,450 || 89,000 || 189,555 || 311,943 || 443,953 || 641,845

|- style="text-align: right;"

| MBT <supref>10WOD09 MBT dataset includes data from 80,325 DBT profiles and 5,659 Micro-BT profiles</supref> || 775,000 || 980,377 || 1,922,170 || 2,077,200 || 2,376,206 || 2,421,940 || 2,426,749

|- style="text-align: right;"

| XBT || 290,000 || 704,424 || 1,281,942 || 1,537,203 || 1,743,590 || 1,930,413 || 2,104,490

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| GLD || na || na || na || na || na || 338 || 5,857

|- style="text-align: right;"

|'''Total Stations''' || '''1,490,000''' || '''2,535,163''' || '''4,487,519''' || '''5,285,113''' || '''7,037,213''' || '''7,900,349368''' || '''9,155133,099369'''

|- style="text-align: right;"

| Plankton || na || na || na || 83,650 || 142,900 || 150,250 || 218,695

|- style="text-align: right;"

11.| SUR <ref>Surface data are represented differently than profile data in WOD09 – all observations in a single cruise are combined into one “station” with zero depth, values of measured variables along with latitude, longitude, and Julian year-day to identify and locate individual sets of observations.<br /ref> || na || na || na || na || 4,743 || 9,178 || 9,178

| SUR ¹¹ || na || na || na || na || 4,743 || 9,178 || 9,178

|}

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Ocean profile, plankton data, and metadata are available in the World Ocean Database for

29 depth-dependent variables (physical and biochemical) and 11 instruments types: Ocean Station Data (OSD), Mechanical Bathythermograph (MBT), Expendable Bathythermograph (XBT), [[Conductivity-, Temperature-, Depth]] (CTD), Undulating Oceanographic Recorder (UOR), Profiling Float (PFL), Moored Buoy (MRB), Drifting Buoy (DRB), Gliders (GLD), Autonomous Pinniped Bathythermograph (APB).

==Word Ocean Database Products==

The data in the World Ocean Database are made available through the on lineonline search and retrieval system known as the WODselectWOD''select''. AnotherThe project[[World usingOcean theAtlas]] World(WOA''select'') Oceanseries Databaseis a set of gridded (1° grid), climatological, objectively analyzed fields of the variables isin the [[World Ocean Atlas]] (WOAselect)Database. The WOAselectWOA''select'' is a selection tool by which the user can designate a geographic area, depth, and oceanographic variable to view climatological means or related statistics for a given variable at the requested depth for the requested geographic area. The World Ocean Atlas series is a set of gridded (1° grid), climatological, objectively analyzed fields of the variables in the World Ocean Database.

== See also ==

{{portal|Oceans}}

* [[Geochemical Ocean Sections Study]] (GEOSECS)

* [[Global Ocean Data Analysis Project]] (GLODAP)

* [[Ocean heat content]]

* [[World Ocean Atlas]] (WOA)

* [[World Ocean Circulation Experiment]] (WOCE)

==References==

{{Reflist|2}}

1. “World Ocean Atlas 1994”. [[National Oceanographic Data Center]].<br />

2. “World Ocean Database 1998”. [[National Oceanographic Data Center]].<br />

3. “World Ocean Database 2001”. [[National Oceanographic Data Center]].<br />

4. “World Ocean Database 2005”. [[National Oceanographic Data Center]].<br />

5. “World Ocean Database 2009”. [[National Oceanographic Data Center]].<br />

6. Based on statistics from Levitus, S. (1982) Climatological Atlas of the World Ocean). NOAA Professional paper No. 13, pp. 191.<br />

7. Based on NODC Temperature Profile CD-ROM.<br />

8. WOD09 OSD dataset includes data from 121,763 low-resolution CTD casts and 1,489 low-resolution XCTD casts.<br />

9. WOD09 CTD dataset includes data from 5,985 high-resolution XCTD casts.<br />

10. WOD09 MBT dataset includes data from 80,325 DBT profiles and 5,659 Micro-BT profiles.<br />

11. Surface data are represented differently than profile data in WOD09 – all observations in a single cruise are combined into one “station” with zero depth, values of measured variables along with latitude, longitude, and Julian year-day to identify and locate individual sets of observations.<br />

==External links==

* [https://web.archive.org/web/20040807005546/http://www.nodc.noaa.gov/General/NODC-dataexch/NODC-godar.html GODAR project and the World Ocean Database Project]

* [http://www.iodeicsu.org/index.php?option=com_frontpage&Itemid=1php4 International OceanographicCouncil Datafor and Information ExchangeScience (IODEICSU)]

* [https://web.archive.org/web/20090130144156/http://www.iode.org/index.php?option=com_frontpage&Itemid=1 International Oceanographic Data and Information Exchange (IODE)]

* [http://www.nodc.noaa.gov/OC5/indprod.html NODC Ocean Climate Laboratory datasets and products]

* [https://web.archive.org/web/19970512211300/http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/wdc/wdcmain.html World Data Center system]

* [http://www.nodc.noaa.gov/OC5/WOA09/pr_woa09.html World Ocean Atlas 2009 (WOA09)]

* [http://www.nodc.noaa.gov/OC5/WOD/pr_wod.html World Ocean Database 2009 (WOD09)]

* [http://www.nodc.noaa.gov/OC5/SELECT/dbsearch/dbsearch.html World Ocean Database Select (WODselectWOD''select'') ]

* [http://www.nodc.noaa.gov/OC5/WOA09/pr_woa09.html World Ocean Atlas 2009 (WOA09)]

[[Category:Oceanography]]

[[Category:Scientific databases]]

[[Category:World Ocean]]

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