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{{AFC comment|1=Very little in the way of secondary sources. Please also write in prose, not bullet points. <span style="background-color: RoyalBlue; border-radius: 1em; padding: 3px 3px 3px 3px;">'''[[User:Qcne|<span style="color: GhostWhite">qcne</span>]]''' <small>[[User talk:Qcne|<span style="color: GhostWhite">(talk)</span>]]</small></span> 18:34, 18 August 2025 (UTC)}}
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{{Short description|automated fault analysis system for power network}}
{{Draft topics|technology}}
{{AfC topic|other}}
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'''Automated Fault Analysis''' ('''AFA''') is a software-based approach used in the electrical power industry to detect, localize, and diagnose faults in [[Electric power transmission|transmission]] and [[Electric power distribution|distribution]] systems. By analyzing digital disturbance recordings collected from [[Substation|substations]] and field equipment, AFA aims to improve grid reliability, reduce [[power outage]] durations, and support operational decision-making.
== Overview ==
Automated Fault Analysis systems collect and interpret data from [[Intelligent electronic device|Intelligent Electronic Devices]] (IEDs), such as Digital Fault Recorders (DFRs), [[Protective relay|Protection Relays]], and Power Quality Meters. These systems process standardized event data to reconstruct the sequence of events, identify the nature and ___location of faults, and notify grid operators with actionable insights.
AFA is often integrated into wider energy monitoring environments such as [
== Key Functions ==
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Typical functions of an AFA system include:
* Automatic collection of event and fault records from [[Substation|substations]]
* Grouping and synchronization of time-stamped data from multiple devices
* Fault classification (e.g., line-to-ground, line-to-line, etc.)
* Location estimation using [[Electrical impedance|impedance]]-based or travelling-wave methods
* Post-event analysis and protection scheme verification
* Reporting and alerting to operations, engineering, and maintenance teams
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* A central application server for processing and analysis
* A data collector for receiving standardized disturbance files (e.g., [
* A database for storing historical fault data and configurations
* A secure user interface (often web-based) for visualization and diagnostics
Supported communication protocols may include:
* [
* IEC 60870-5-104
* [[MODBUS]]
* [
== Standards and Data Formats ==
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AFA systems typically comply with the following standards:
* [
* IEEE C37.118 – Standard for synchrophasor measurements in power systems
* IEC 61000-4-30 – Power quality measurement methods
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* Reduced time for fault localization and response
* Enhanced [[Situation awareness|situational awareness]] for control room operators
* More consistent and repeatable fault diagnostics
* Increased efficiency in maintenance planning and root-cause analysis
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* Phasor measurement unit
* Condition-based maintenance
* [
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SCADA SCADA]
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