James Clark (programmer): Difference between revisions

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{{Short description|British programmer (born 1964)}}

{{Cleanup bare URLs|date=September 2020}}{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2018}}

{{for multi|the entrepreneur and computer scientist born in 1944|James H. Clark|other people named James Clark|James Clark (disambiguation){{!}}James Clark}}

{{Primary sources|date=January 2024}}

{{Cleanup bare URLs|date=September 2020}}{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2018}}

{{Use British English|date=April 2018}}

{{Infobox scientistperson

{{Other people|James Clark}}

| name = James Clark

{{Infobox scientist

| nameimage = <!-- filename only, no "File:" or "Image:" prefix, and =no Jamesenclosing Clark[[brackets]] -->

| imagealt = <!-- descriptive text for use by =speech synthesis (text-to-speech) software -->

| birth_place caption = [[London]], [[England]]

| birth_name = James Jackson Clark

| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|df=yes|1964|02|23}}

| fields = [[XML]]<br>[[Open-source software]]

| birth_place = [[London]], [[England]]

| workplaces = Thai Open Source Software Center <br>SIPA<br />[[WSO2]]<ref>[http://wso2.com/about/directors/james_clark/ WSO2 Company director's profile page]</ref>

| death_date = <!-- {{Death date and age|YYYY|MM|DD|YYYY|MM|DD}} (DEATH date then BIRTH date) -->

| death_place =

| education = [[Charterhouse School]]

| nationality =

| alma_mater = [[University of Oxford]] (BA)

| education = [[Charterhouse School]]

|known_for = {{Plainlist|

| alma_mater = [[University of Oxford]] (BA)

* [[Groff (software)|groff]]

| other_names =

* [[Expat (library)|Expat]]

| occupation =

* [[Document Style Semantics and Specification Language|DSSSL]]

| years_active =

* [[XSLT]]

| known_for = {{Plainlistubl|

* [[XPath]]

* |[[Groff (software)|groff]]

* [[TREX]]

* |[[Expat (library)|Expat]]

* [[RELAX NG]]

* |[[Document Style Semantics and Specification Language|DSSSL]]

* [[Ballerina (programming language)|Ballerina]]}}

* |[[XSLT]]

| awards = XML Cup (2001)<ref name=bio/>

* |[[XPath]]

| website = {{URL|http://www.jclark.com}}

|[[Regular Language description for XML|TREX]]

* |[[RELAX NG]]

* |[[Ballerina (programming language)|Ballerina]]}}

}}

| notable_works =

| spouse = Joy Chanpen

| partner = <!-- (unmarried long-term partner) -->

| children = 1

| mother =

| father =

| relatives = {{ubl|[[Robert Sainsbury]] (maternal grandfather)|[[David Sainsbury, Baron Sainsbury of Turville|David Sainsbury]] (maternal uncle)}}

| family = [[Sainsbury family]]

| awards = XML Cup (2001)<ref name=bio/>

| module = {{Infobox scientist |embed=yes

| fields = {{ubl|[[XML]]<br>|[[Open-source software]]}}

| workplaces = Thai Open Source Software Center <br>SIPA<br />[[WSO2]]<ref>[http{{Cite web|url=https://wso2.com/about/directorsboard/james_clark/ |website=wso2.com|title=WSO2 Company director's profile page]Team|author=Anon|year=2020}}</ref>

}}

| website = {{Official URL}}

}}

'''James Clark''' (born <time datetime="1964-02-23">23 February 1964</time>) is a software engineer and creator of various [[open-source software]] including [[Groff (software)|groff]], [[Expat (library)|expat]] and several [[XML]] specifications.<ref name=bio>{{cite web|url=http://www.jclark.com/bio.htm|title=James Clark Biography|first=James|last=Clark|year=2020|website=jclark.com|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200724032845/http://www.jclark.com/bio.htm|archive-date=2020-07-24}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://blog.jclark.com/|title=James Clark's Random Thoughts|first=James|last=Clark|website=blog.jclark.com|year=2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite interview |last=Clark |first=James |interviewer-last=Kim |interviewer-first=Eugene Eric |url=https://www.drdobbs.com/a-triumph-of-simplicity-james-clark-on-m/184404686 |title=A Triumph of Simplicity: James Clark on Markup Languages and XML |date=2001-07-01 |df=dmy |work=[[Dr. Dobb's Journal]] |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20020224025029/http://www.ddj.com/documents/s=862/ddj0107e/ |archive-date=24 February 2002}}</ref><ref name=twitter>{{twitter}}</ref>

'''James Clark''' (born <time datetime="1964-02-23">23 February 1964</time>) is a software engineer and creator of [[Groff (software)|groff]], [[Expat (library)|expat]], various [[open-source software]] and [[XML]] specifications.<ref name=bio>[http://www.jclark.com/bio.htm Biography], at his own homepage, jclark.com.</ref><ref>[http://blog.jclark.com/ James Clark Blog]</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20020224025029/http://www.ddj.com/documents/s%3D862/ddj0107e/ A Triumph of Simplicity: James Clark on Markup Languages and XML]</ref>

==Education and early life==

Clark was born in [[London]] and educated at [[Charterhouse School]] and [[Merton College, Oxford]] where he studied [[Mathematics]] and [[Philosophy]].<ref name=bio/>

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===Work on XML ===

Clark served as technical lead of the [[working group]] that developed XML&mdash;notably contributing the self-closing, [[XML#Key terminology|empty element]] tag syntax, and the name XML.<ref>{{cite web | title = The History of XML | website = totalxml.net | url = http://www.totalxml.net/history-xml.php | access-date = 4 November 2009 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190425163205/http://www.totalxml.net/history-xml.php | archive-date = 25 April 2019 | url-status = dead }}</ref> His contributions to XML are cited in dozens of books on the subject.{{factcitation needed|date=September 2020}} Clark is the author or co-author of a number of influential specifications and implementations, including:

* [[DSSSL]]: An [[SGML]] transformation and styling language.

;[[DSSSL]]

* [[Expat (library)|Expat]]: An open-source XML [[Parsing|parser]].

:An [[SGML]] transformation and styling language.

* [[XSLT]]: XSL Transformations, a part of the XSL family. He was the editor of the XSLT 1.0 specification.

;[[Expat (library)|Expat]]

* [[XPath]]: Path language for addressing XML documents; used by XSLT but also as a free-standing language. He was the editor of the XPath 1.0 specification.

:An open-source XML parser.

* [[Regular Language description for XML|TREX]]: Tree [[Regular ExpressionsExpression|regular experession]]s for XML (TREX) is a schema language for [[XML]].<ref name="Jones2002">{{cite book |last1=Jones |first1=Christopher A. |last2=Drake |first2=Fred L. |last3=JrDrake |first3=Fred L. DrakeJr. |title=Python and XML |date=2002 |publisher="O'Reilly Media, Inc." |isbn=9780596001285 |page=21 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bPfQnxnw_NMC&pg=PA21&lpg=PA21&dq=%22TREX%22+xml+-wikipedia&source=bl&ots=C5troKOC1f&sig=ACfU3U1yolkJi-TYSrKgxdAPN90SoFWf8w&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjD3qj3n-3gAhWEKn0KHWLJA4wQ6AEwCXoECAQQAQ#v=onepage&q=%22TREX%22%20xml%20-wikipedia&f=false |accessdate=6 March 2019 |language=en}}</ref> TREX has been merged with [[Regular Language description for XML|RELAX]] to create [[RELAX NG]].<ref name="Jones2002" /><ref name="Cover2001">{{cite web |last1=Cover |first1=Robin |title=Tree Regular Expressions for XML (TREX) |url=http://xml.coverpages.org/trex.html |website=xml.coverpages.org |accessdateaccess-date=6 March 2019}}</ref>

;[[XSLT]]

* [[RELAX NG]]:An an XML Schema language, with both an explicit XML syntax and a compact syntax. Clark was highly critical of the [[XML Schema (W3C)]] language (also known as XSD)<ref name="schema-wars">{{cite web|title=Schema Wars: XML Schema vs. RELAX NG|url=http://webreference.com/xml/column59/index-2.html|accessdateaccess-date=11 May 2019|website=webreference.com|archive-date=4 March 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190304043049/http://webreference.com/xml/column59/index-2.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> and developed RELAX NG in response

:XSL Transformations, a part of the XSL family. He was the editor of the XSLT 1.0 specification.

* Jing: An implementation of RELAX NG.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://relaxng.org/jclark/jing.html|title=Jing|website=relaxng.org}}</ref>

;[[XPath]]

* Clark Notation: A way to express an XML Name in a compact way<ref>{{cite web|first=James|last=Clark|title=XML Namespaces|url=http://www.jclark.com/xml/xmlns.htm|website=James Clark's Home Pagejclark.com|accessdateaccess-date=17 September 2015}}</ref>

:Path language for addressing XML documents; used by XSLT but also as a free-standing language. He was the editor of the XPath 1.0 specification.

* [[Ballerina (programming language)|Ballerina]]: Ballerina is an open source general-purpose programming language for application programmers.

;[[TREX]]

Clark is listed as a member of the working group that developed the [[Java (programming language)|Java]] [[Stream processing]] API for XML ([[StAX]]) JSR 173 at the JCP.<ref>[http{{Cite web|url=https://jcp.org/en/jsr/detail?id=173|title=The JSRJava 173Community StAXProcess(SM) APIProgram Page]- JSRs: Java Specification Requests - detail JSR# 173|website=jcp.org}}</ref>

:Tree Regular Expressions for XML (TREX) is a schema language for [[XML]].<ref name="Jones2002">{{cite book |last1=Jones |first1=Christopher A. |last2=Drake |first2=Fred L. |last3=Jr |first3=Fred L. Drake |title=Python and XML |date=2002 |publisher="O'Reilly Media, Inc." |isbn=9780596001285 |page=21 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bPfQnxnw_NMC&pg=PA21&lpg=PA21&dq=%22TREX%22+xml+-wikipedia&source=bl&ots=C5troKOC1f&sig=ACfU3U1yolkJi-TYSrKgxdAPN90SoFWf8w&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjD3qj3n-3gAhWEKn0KHWLJA4wQ6AEwCXoECAQQAQ#v=onepage&q=%22TREX%22%20xml%20-wikipedia&f=false |accessdate=6 March 2019 |language=en}}</ref> TREX has been merged with [[Regular Language description for XML|RELAX]] to create [[RELAX NG]].<ref name="Jones2002" /><ref name="Cover2001">{{cite web |last1=Cover |first1=Robin |title=Tree Regular Expressions for XML (TREX) |url=http://xml.coverpages.org/trex.html |website=xml.coverpages.org |accessdate=6 March 2019}}</ref>

;[[RELAX NG]]

:An XML Schema language, with both an explicit XML syntax and a compact syntax. Clark was highly critical of the [[XML Schema (W3C)]] language (also known as XSD)<ref name="schema-wars">{{cite web|title=Schema Wars: XML Schema vs. RELAX NG|url=http://webreference.com/xml/column59/index-2.html|accessdate=11 May 2019}}</ref> and developed RELAX NG in response

;Jing

:An implementation of RELAX NG.<ref>http://www.thaiopensource.com/relaxng/jing.html</ref>

;Clark Notation

:A way to express an XML Name in a compact way<ref>{{cite web|first=James|last=Clark|title=XML Namespaces|url=http://www.jclark.com/xml/xmlns.htm|website=James Clark's Home Page|accessdate=17 September 2015}}</ref>

;[[Ballerina (programming language)|Ballerina]]

:Ballerina is an open source general-purpose programming language for application programmers.

Clark is listed as a member of the working group that developed the [[Java (programming language)|Java]] [[Stream processing]] API for XML ([[StAX]]) JSR 173 at the JCP.<ref>[http://jcp.org/en/jsr/detail?id=173 JSR 173 StAX API Page]</ref>

=== Software Industry Promotion Agency (SIPA)===

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* Chantra: An [[Open-source software|open source]] Thai project with programs for Windows, like the [[OpenCD]] project.

* Suriyan GNU/Linux: AnA user-friendly "instant server" system for small and medium-sized companies<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.suriyan.org/|title=Default OaO Sedo Frameset|website=suriyan.org}}</ref> not to be confused with SIPA's new, unrelated project with a similar name, Suriyan Linux Live CD.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://suriyan.in.th/|title=Suriyan Linux Live CD|date=11 February 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080211194451/http://suriyan.in.th/|archive-date=11 February 2008}}</ref>.''

==References==

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{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Clark, James}}

[[Category:1964 births]]

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[[Category:World Wide Web Consortium]]

[[Category:Troff]]

[[Category:British expatriates in Thailand]]

[[Category:Sainsbury family]]

{{UK-compu-bio-stub}}