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Baqotun0023 (talk | contribs) →Religion: g |
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0.25% [[Hinduism in Java|Hinduism]]<br>0.17% [[Buddhism in Indonesia|Buddhism]]<br>0.02% [[Religion in Indonesia|other]] (including [[Confucianism in Indonesia|Confucianism]], [[Kejawèn]], [[Kapitayan]], etc.)
| demographics1_title3 = [[Languages of Indonesia|Languages and dialects]]
| demographics1_info3 =[[Indonesian language|Indonesian]] (official)<br>[[Javanese language|Javanese]] (native)<br>[[Madurese language|Madurese
| blank_name = [[Gross domestic product|GDP]] (nominal)
| blank_info = 2022<ref name="bpsdata2022">{{Cite web |author=Badan Pusat Statistik |author-link=Statistics Indonesia |year=2023 |title=Produk Domestik Regional Bruto (Milyar Rupiah), 2020–2022 |url=https://www.bps.go.id/indicator/52/286/1/-seri-2010-produk-domestik-regional-bruto-.html |publisher=Badan Pusat Statistik |___location=Jakarta |language=id}}</ref>
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This military action ended after the [[Renville Agreement]]. However, this agreement reduced the territory controlled by the East Java provincial government. The Netherlands then turned the areas under its control into new federal states, the [[State of Madura]] and the [[State of East Java]]. Amid the difficulties faced by the government of Indonesia, a left-wing opposition group, ''Front Demokrasi Rakyat'' (FDR, People's Democratic Front) launched [[Madiun Affair|rebellion in Madiun]] on 18 September 1948. However, eventually this revolt was defeated by the [[Indonesian Army]]. On 19 December 1948, the Dutch launched [[Operation Kraai]]. Blitar, the seat of the East Java provincial government was attacked by the Dutch. Governor Moerdjani and his staff were forced to flee and joined the guerrillas on the slopes of [[Mount Wilis]]. Operation Kraai ended after the [[Roem–Van Roijen Agreement]] on 7 May 1949.
Following the [[Dutch–Indonesian Round Table Conference]], at which the Netherlands agreed to transfer sovereignty to the [[United States of Indonesia]], the Dutch withdrew its troops from East Java. East Java changed its status from a province into a state. However, on 25 February 1950, this was dissolved and became part of the territory of the [[Republic of Indonesia (
=== Contemporary era ===
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A remnant of Hindu tradition and syncretic ''[[abangan]]'' exists because of Islamic and Hinduism acculturation in Java.<gallery>
File:
File:Kayutangan Street with Kayutangan Cathedral in the background, 2020 (cropped).jpg|Kayutangan [[Catholic Church|Catholic]] Church, Downtown [[Malang]]
File:Facade of East Java Christian Church, Mojowarno, Jombang, 2017-09-18.jpg|Traditional [[East Java Christian Church]], Mojowarno, [[Jombang Regency|Jombang]]
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== Transportation ==
=== Roads ===
[[File:
East Java is crossed by several national roads as primary arterial roads, including the northern coastal national road or locally known as [[North Coast Road (Java)|''pantura'' road]] ([[Anyer]]-[[Jakarta]]-[[Semarang]]-[[Surabaya]]-[[Banyuwangi Regency|Banyuwangi]]),<ref name="nas">{{cite conference |author=Peter Nas |title=Java and De Groote Postweg, La Grande Route, the Great Mail Road, Jalan Raya Pos |book-title=In: Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde |volume=158 |issue=4 |pages=707–725 |year=2002 |url=http://www.leidenuniv.nl/fsw/nas/pdf/NasPratiwoPostweg30-10-2001.pdf |access-date=2007-10-25 |archive-date=27 March 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090327110211/http://www.leidenuniv.nl/fsw/nas/pdf/NasPratiwoPostweg30-10-2001.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> and inland national roads (Jakarta-[[Bandung]]-[[Yogyakarta]]-Surabaya). The expressway network in East Java covers the [[Surabaya–Gempol Toll Road|Surabaya-Gempol Toll Road]]; [[Gempol–Pandaan Toll Road|Gempol-Pandaan]]; [[Pandaan-Malang Toll Road|Pandaan-Malang]]; [[Gempol–Pasuruan Toll Road|Gempol-Pasuruan]]; and [[Pasuruan–Probolinggo Toll Road|Pasuruan-Probolinggo]] which connects the northern and middle East Java regions with the southern and [[Eastern salient of Java|eastern salient (''tapal kuda'')]], the [[Surabaya–Gresik Toll Road|Surabaya-Gresik Toll Road]] and [[Krian–Legundi–Bunder–Manyar Toll Road|Krian-Manyar Toll Road]] that connects the middle and southern East Java to the north, and the [[Surabaya–Mojokerto Toll Road|Surabaya-Mojokerto Toll Road]]; [[Kertosono–Mojokerto Toll Road|Mojokerto-Kertosono]]; and [[Solo-Kertosono Toll Road|Solo-Kertosono]] which connects [[Central Java]]. [[Suramadu Bridge]] that crosses the Madura Strait connects Surabaya and [[Madura Island]]. In the near future, the construction of the [[Probolinggo-Banyuwangi Toll Road]] will be realized, which is the final segment of the [[Trans-Java Toll Road|Trans Java Toll Road]], the Krian-Legundi-Bunder-Manyar Toll Road that connects the industrial estates in the city of Surabaya; [[Sidoarjo Regency]]; and [[Gresik Regency]], as well as plans for the Gresik-Tuban Toll Road that connects East Java with cities on the northern coast of Java.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://republika.co.id/berita/regional/nusantara/11/07/14/loaz7w-jatim-akan-bangun-dua-jalan-tol-baru |title=Jatim akan Bangun Dua Jalan Tol Baru |date=2011-07-14 |website=Republika Online |language=id|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190315173957/https://www.republika.co.id/berita/regional/nusantara/11/07/14/loaz7w-jatim-akan-bangun-dua-jalan-tol-baru|archive-date=2019-03-15|access-date=2019-03-15}}</ref>
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East Java is the province with the highest number of public universities in Indonesia.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.bps.go.id/statictable/2015/09/14/1839/jumlah-perguruan-tinggi-mahasiswa-dan-tenaga-edukatif-negeri-dan-swasta-di-bawah-kementrian-pendidikan-dan-kebudayaan-menurut-provinsi-2013-2014-2014-2015.html |title=Jumlah Perguruan Tinggi, Mahasiswa, dan Tenaga Edukatif (Negeri dan Swasta) di Bawah Kementrian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Menurut Provinsi tahun ajaran 2013/2014-2014/2015 |last=Statistics Indonesia|author-link=Statistics Indonesia |website=www.bps.go.id|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190317172550/https://www.bps.go.id/statictable/2015/09/14/1839/jumlah-perguruan-tinggi-mahasiswa-dan-tenaga-edukatif-negeri-dan-swasta-di-bawah-kementrian-pendidikan-dan-kebudayaan-menurut-provinsi-2013-2014-2014-2015.html|archive-date=2019-03-17|access-date=2019-03-17}}</ref> Three major cities for universities are [[Surabaya]], [[Malang]], and [[Jember]]; there is also a university at [[Bangkalan]] on Madura island. Among them, notable university which are:
* [[Airlangga University]]
* [[Sepuluh Nopember Institute of Technology]]▼
* [[Brawijaya University]]
▲* [[Sepuluh Nopember Institute of Technology]]
* [[State University of Surabaya]]
* [[State University of Malang]]
* [[Trunojoyo University]]
* [[University of Jember]]
* [[National Development University "Veteran" of East Java]]
* [[Sunan Ampel State Islamic University Surabaya|UIN Sunan Ampel]]▼
* [[
* [[University of Surabaya]]
* [[Petra Christian University]]▼
* [[Wijaya Kusuma University, Surabaya|Wijaya Kusuma University]]
* [[Widya Mandala Catholic University]]
▲* [[Petra Christian University]]
Another important form of education that is available in most cities in East Java is the ''[[pesantren]].'' This is a kind of socio-education organized by [[Ulama|Islamic clerics]], and associated with local or national Muslim organizations. [[Jombang Regency|Jombang]] and [[Ponorogo Regency|Ponorogo]] is a famous region for its pesantren.<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qfDFAAAAQBAJ&q=famous+pesantren&pg=PA66 |title=A Peaceful Jihad: Negotiating Identity and Modernity in Muslim Java |last=Lukens-Bull |first=R. |date=2005-05-12 |publisher=Springer |isbn=978-1-4039-8029-8 |language=en |access-date=25 October 2020 |archive-date=1 May 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230501012204/https://books.google.com/books?id=qfDFAAAAQBAJ&q=famous+pesantren&pg=PA66 |url-status=live }}</ref> and the Indonesian Naval Academy (''Akademi Angkatan Laut'') located in Surabaya.
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*[[Jawa Pos]] Group, one of the major newspaper groups in Indonesia, based in Surabaya
*''[[Surya]]'', newspaper based in Surabaya (owned by [[Kompas]] Group)
*[[:id:Suara Surabaya|Suara Surabaya]] (E100 FM),
*[[IDN Times]], multiplatform media for millennials and generation z people
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