List of King of the Hill home video releases and Fukuoka: Difference between pages
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{{missing information|Famous people from Fukuoka}}
{{Japanese city|
Name = Fukuoka City|
JapaneseName = 福岡市|
Region = [[Kyūshū]]|
Prefecture = [[Fukuoka prefecture]]|
Area = 340.03 |
Population = 1,409,535 |
PopDate = 2006 |
Density = 4061 |
Postal code = 81x-xxxx |
Area code = 092 |
Mayor = Hiroshi Yoshida |
Coord = {{coor dm|33|35|N|130|24|E|JP}}|
Elevation = 9 |
Tree = [[Ilex|Ilex rotunda]]<br />Kusunoki|
Flower = Confederate rose<br />[[Camellia|Sasanqua]]|
Bird = Meadow bunting<br />[[Black-headed Gull]]|
SymbolImage=Fukuoka symbol.png|
CityHallPostalCode = 810-8620|
CityHallAddress=Fukuoka-shi,<br />Chūō-ku, Tenjin 1-8-1|
CityHallPhone=092-711-4111|
CityHallLink = [http://www.city.fukuoka.jp/index-e.html Fukuoka City] |
CityMap = Map Fukuoka, Fukuoka en.png |
<!--ExtraNotes=See [[Fukuoka, Fukuoka#Wards|wards]] for map with legend.| -->
}}
:''This page is about '''Fukuoka, Fukuoka''' (福岡市), a city in Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan. For other usages see [[Fukuoka]].''
'''Fukuoka''' (福岡市; -shi) is the capital [[cities of Japan|city]] of [[Fukuoka Prefecture]] and is situated on the northern shore of the island of [[Kyūshū]] in [[Japan]], across the [[Tsushima Strait]] from [[South Korea|South Korea's]] [[Busan]]. Its geographical coordinates are {{coor dm|33|35|N|130|24|E|}}.
It is the most populous city in Kyūshū, followed by [[Kitakyushu]]. The city was designated on [[April 1]], [[1972]] by [[City designated by government ordinance (Japan)|government ordinance]]. The [[Fukuoka-Kitakyushu]] metropolitan area (福岡ー北九州都市圏) has 4.99 million people.
[[Image:Fukuoka Viewed From Minamiku Observation Deck.jpg|thumb|none|400px|View of downtown Fukuoka as seen from an observation deck in Minami-ku, facing north.]]
Fukuoka is served by [[Fukuoka Airport]], the [[Sanyō Shinkansen]] high speed rail line at [[Hakata Station]] and by [[ferry]]. [[JR Kyushu]] operates a [[hydrofoil]] between Hakata and [[Busan]], [[South Korea]]. The [[Fukuoka City Subway|subway]] opened a new line, the Nanakuma line, on [[February 2]], [[2005]]. <!--Bayside Place was declared bankrupt on [[September 13]], [[2005]].-- no importance-->
Fukuoka has produced a higher number of successful music artists than any other city in Japan. Big names in [[J-pop]] include [[Ayumi Hamasaki]] (allegedly Japan's richest woman), hugely popular singer/songwriter duo [[Chage and Aska|Chage & Aska]], [[Shiina Ringo]], [[Spitz]], [[Misia]] and [[Yui (singer)|Yui]]. During the 1970s, local musicians prided themselves on their origins and dubbed their sound, [[Mentai Rock]]. In recent years, the music scene has been rejuvenated by the willingness of local players to perform with foreign musicians located in the area. These hybrid bands include the likes of Fever, Cut Flowers, Dr. Funkinstein, F8 & The Routes.
==
Fukuoka (the area of ''Kashii'', ''[[Hakata-ku, Fukuoka|Hakata]]'', ''[[Sawara-ku, Fukuoka|Sawara]]'' and ''Imazu'') is said to be the oldest city in [[Japan]], because it is the nearest city to [[China]] and [[Korea]].
The area around Fukuoka is among the oldest non-[[Jōmon]] settlements in Japan. [[Dazaifu]] was an administrative capital in 663 A.D., but some say a prehistoric capital was in the area. Ancient texts such as the [[Kojiki]] and archaeology confirm this was a very critical place in the founding of Japan. Some scholars <sup> [http://www.furutasigaku.jp/efuruta/kourine/kourine.html] </sup> even go as far as to claim it was the first place outsiders and the Imperial Family set foot, but like many early Japan theories, it remains contested. See [[History of Japan]].
===Mongol invasions (1274–1281)===
[[Image:FukuokaWall.jpg|thumb|300px|Stone barrier in Fukuoka]]
{{main|Mongol invasions of Japan}}
Fukuoka's [[Hakata Bay]] is [[Japan]]'s gateway to [[Korea]] and [[China]]. Gateways, of course, attract interest; after having conquered and terrorised the continent, the great [[Mongol]] [[Kublai Khan]] of the [[Mongol Empire]] turned his attention to Japan starting in 1268, exerting a new external pressure on Japan with which it had no experience. Kublai Khan first sent an envoy to Japan to make the Shogunate acknowledge Khan's suzerainty. The [[Kamakura shogunate|Kamakura Shogunate]] refused. [[Mongolia]] repeatedly sent envoys thereafter, each time urging the Shogunate to accept their proposal, but to no avail.
In 1274 Kublai Khan mounted an invasion of the northern part of Kyūshū with a fleet of 900 ships 33,000 troops, which included troops from [[Goryeo|Goryeo in Korean peninsula]]. This first invasion was compromised by a combination of incompetence and storms.
After the first invasion of 1274, the Japanese samurai built a stone barrier 20 kilometers in length bordering the coast of Hakata Bay in what is now Fukuoka city. The wall, between 2–3 metres in height and having a base width of 3 metres, was constructed between 1276 and 1277 and was excavated again in the 1930s.
Kublai sent another envoy to Japan in 1279. At that time, [[Hōjō Tokimune]] of the [[Hōjō clan]] (1251–1284) was the Eighth Regent. Not only did he decline the offer, but he beheaded the five Mongolian emissaries after summoning them to [[Kamakura, Kanagawa|Kamakura]]. Infuriated, Kublai made another attack on Fukuoka Prefecture in 1281, reinforcing the troops to 140,000 soldiers and 4,000 ships. The Japanese warriors, numbering around 40,000, were no match for Mongols and the Kublai invasion force made it as far as [[Dazaifu, Fukuoka|Dazaifu]], 15 kilometers south of the city of Fukuoka. By sheer luck, the Japanese were aided by another [[typhoon]] which struck a crushing blow to the Mongolian troops, however, and the invasion was thwarted.
It was this typhoon that came to be called the ''[[Kamikaze (typhoon)|Kamikaze]]'' (Divine Wind).
=== Formation of the modern city (1889) ===
[[Image:FukuokaTenjin.JPG|300px|thumb|right|The Tenjin area which is the center of Fukuoka City.]]
Fukuoka was formerly the residence of the powerful [[daimyo]] of [[Chikuzen Province|Chikuzen]], and played a conspicuous part in the medieval history of Japan; the renowned temple of [[Tokugawa Ieyasu|Ieyasu]] in the district was destroyed by fire during the [[Boshin war]] of 1868. (Adapted ''from [[1911 Encyclopedia Britannica]]''.)
The modern city was formed on [[April 1]], [[1889]] with the merger of the former cities of [[Hakata-ku, Fukuoka|Hakata]] and Fukuoka. Historically, Hakata was the port and merchant district, and as such was more associated with the area's culture: it remains the main commercial area. On the other hand, the Fukuoka area was home to many samurai, and its name has been used since [[Kuroda Nagamasa]], the first [[daimyo]] of Chikuzen, named it after his birthplace in [[Okayama prefecture|Okayama Prefecture]]. Today, the old Fukuoka is the main shopping area called Tenjin.
When Hakata and Fukuoka decided to merge, a meeting was held to decide the name for the new city. Hakata was initially chosen, but a group of samurai crashed the meeting and forced those present to choose Fukuoka as the name for the merged cities. However, Hakata is still used to refer to the Hakata area of the city, and most famously to refer to the city's train station, [[Hakata Station]], and its dialect, ''Hakata-ben''.
===
[[Image:Fukuoka Acros.JPG|thumb|300px|right|ACROS International Hall, Fukuoka.]]
*[[1903]]: Fukuoka Medical College, a campus associated with [[Kyoto Imperial University]], is founded. In 1911 the college is renamed to [[Kyūshū University|Kyūshū Imperial University]] and established as a separate entity.
*[[1910]]: Fukuoka streetcar service begins. (In [[1979]], the service ended at all.)
*[[1929]]: Flights commence along the Fukuoka-[[Osaka]]-[[Tokyo]] route.
*[[1945]]: Saturation bombing of Japanese cities commences on [[Honshū]] with Fukuoka one of the targets. [[Vivisection]]s of [[United States|American]] [[POWs]] are performed at Kyūshū Imperial University Hospital.
*[[1947]]: First [[Fukuoka Marathon]].
*[[1951]]: Fukuoka airport opens.
*[[1953]]: Fukuoka Zoo opens.
*[[1981]]: Subway commences service.
*[[1988]]: Osaka's pro baseball team, the Nankai Hawks, are moved to Fukuoka and renamed the Fukuoka Daiei Hawks. (In 2004, re-boughted out, renamed [[Fukuoka SoftBank Hawks]]).
*[[1995]]: ACROS ('''A'''sian '''Cr'''ossroads '''O'''ver the '''S'''ea), a multipurpose convention and cultural center, is founded to encourage increased relations with other Asian countries. It is located downtown in Tenjin, and features a large park, terraced gardens, a library and other facilities for encouraging peaceful relations with other Asian cultures.<ref>[http://www.greenlivingpedia.org/index.php?title=ACROS_Fukuoka_building ACROS Fukuoka building], Greenlivingpedia.org, 3 May 2007</ref>
=== Fukuoka in the 21st century===
*[[2005]]: Fukuoka city subway Nanakuma Line started operation.
:Hit by the [[2005 Fukuoka earthquake|earthquake]], one person was killed, 70 people were severely injured and 1017 received attention for minor injuries.
==
[[Image:Fukuoka NASA STS059-97-63AJ.jpg|300px|thumb|right|Fukuoka as viewed from space.]]
[[Image:Fukuoka Bike.jpg|300px|thumb|right|The view downstream along Nakagawa (Naka River) from Canal City in Hakata-ku. Nishi-Nakasu and Tenjin are situated to the left of the river, and Nakasu is on the right.]]
Fukuoka is bordered on three sides by mountains and opens, on the north, to the Sea of Genkai. Much of the city is now built on reclaimed land, with ongoing developments in Higashi-ku building more artificial islands.
Located 1,100 km from [[Tokyo]], 540 km from [[Seoul]] and 870 km from [[Shanghai]], 1300 km from [[Taipei]], Fukuoka's proximity to Korea, China and [[Taiwan]] has led it to seek closer ties with those countries while acting as a hub for Asian cultural and economic exchange.
===Climate===
Along with much of the prefecture, Fukuoka City has a moderate climate with an annual average temperature of 16.3°C, average humidity of 70%, 1,811 annual daylight hours and 205 cm of precipitation. Roughly 40% of the year is cloudy.
Winter temperatures rarely drop below 0°C and it is generally rainy with occasional, brief snowfalls. Spring is warm and more sunny, with [[cherry blossom]]s appearing in late March or early April. The rainy season (''tsuyu'') lasts for approximately six weeks through June and July, during which time the humidity is very high and temperatures hover between 25°C and 30°C. [[Summer]]s are humid and hot, with temperatures peaking around 37°C. [[Autumn|Fall]], often considered to be Fukuoka's best season, is mild and dry, though the typhoon season runs between August and September. Overall, Spring and Fall it rains more calmly.
<!-- Needs a lot more. -->
=== Earthquakes ===
''Main article: [[2005 Fukuoka earthquake]]''
Fukuoka is not as seismically active as many other parts of Japan, but does experience occasional [[earthquake]]s. The most powerful recent earthquake registered a lower 6 of maximum 7 of the [[Japan Meteorological Agency seismic intensity scale|Japanese intensity scale]] and hit at 10:53 am local time on [[2005 Fukuoka earthquake|March 20]], [[Easter Sunday]] 2005, killing one person and injuring more than 400. The epicentre of the earthquake was in the Sea of Genkai, along a yet-undiscovered extension of the Kego fault that runs through the centre of Fukuoka. [[Genkai-jima]] (Genkai island), a part of [[Nishi-ku, Fukuoka|Nishi-ku]], was the most severely damaged by the earthquake and almost all island residents were forced to evacuate. [[Aftershock]]s continued intermittently throughout the following weeks as construction crews worked to rebuild damaged buildings throughout the city. Traditional Japanese houses, particularly in the areas of Daimyo and Imaizumi, were the most heavily damaged and many were marked for demolition, along with several apartment buildings. Insurance payments for damages were estimated at approximately 15.8 billion yen.
Fukuoka's most famous major fault, the Kego fault, runs northwest to southeast, roughly parallel to [[Nishi-Nippon Railroad|Nishitetsu's]] [[Omuta]] train line, and was previously thought to be 22 km long. It is estimated to produce earthquakes as strong as [[Richter magnitude scale|magnitude]] 7 at the focus approximately once every 15,000 years. If the focus were located at a depth of 10km, this would translate to an earthquake of a lower-6 magnitude (similar to the [[March 20]], [[2005]] earthquake) in downtown Fukuoka if it were the epicenter. The [[probability]] of an earthquake along the known length of the Kego fault occurring within 30 years was estimated at 0.4% prior to the [[March 20]], [[2005]] earthquake, but this probability has been revised upwards since. Including the new extension out into the Sea of Genkai, Kego fault is now thought to be 40 km long.
Following reports that the city has only prepared for earthquakes up to a magnitude of 6.5, several strong aftershock renewed fears that the quakes might cause the portion of the Kego faultline that lies under the city to become active again, leading to an earthquake as big as, or bigger than, the [[March 20]] quake.
== Wards ==
{|
|-
| Fukuoka has 7 [[Wards of Japan|wards]] (''ku''):
! Ward
! align=right|Population
! align=right|Land area
! align=right|Pop. density
|-
| rowspan=8 | [[Image:Wards of Fukuoka City Japan.png|250px]]
|
| align=right | ''as of 2004''
| align=right | ''km²''
| align=right | ''per km²''
|-
| align=left|[[Image:Japan WardColour 100x0x0.png|16px]] [[Higashi-ku, Fukuoka|Higashi-ku]]
| align=right|275 652
| align=right|66.68
| align=right|4 134
|-
| align=left|[[Image:Japan WardColour 60x80x0.png|16px]] [[Hakata-ku, Fukuoka|Hakata-ku]]
| align=right|190 178
| align=right|31.47
| align=right|6 043
|-
| align=left|[[Image:Japan WardColour 0x40x100.png|16px]] [[Chūō-ku, Fukuoka|Chūō-ku]]
| align=right|163 975
| align=right|15.16
| align=right|10 816
|-
| align=left|[[Image:Japan WardColour 100x80x0.png|16px]] [[Minami-ku, Fukuoka|Minami-ku]]
| align=right|247 913
| align=right|30.98
| align=right|8 002
|-
| align=left|[[Image:Japan WardColour 100x40x0.png|16px]] [[Jonan-ku, Fukuoka|Jonan-ku]]
| align=right|127 952
| align=right|16.02
| align=right|7 987
|-
| align=left|[[Image:Japan WardColour 20x80x40.png|16px]] [[Sawara-ku, Fukuoka|Sawara-ku]]
| align=right|207 851
| align=right|95.88
| align=right|2 168
|-
| align=left|[[Image:Japan WardColour 100x40x100.png|16px]] [[Nishi-ku, Fukuoka|Nishi-ku]]
| align=right|177 625
| align=right|83.81
| align=right|2 119
|}
== Demographics ==
[[Image:Fukuokabeachtowr.jpg|300px|thumb|[[Fukuoka Tower]]]]
[[As of 2005|As of March 2005]], the city had an estimated population of 1,391,146 and a [[population density|density]] of 4,084.40 persons per [[square kilometre|km²]]. The total area is 340.60 km². With an average age of 38.6 years, Fukuoka is Japan's second youngest major city and with a growth rate of 4.4%, is also Japan's second-fastest growing city ([[As of 2000|based on 2000 census data]]).
== Attractions ==
[[Sky Dream Fukuoka]], located in Fukuoka City's western ward, is one of the world's largest [[ferris wheel]]s at a height of 120 [[metres]](about 400 [[foot (unit of length)|feet]]).
Fukuoka Castle located adjacent to Ohori Koen (Park) features the remaining stone walls and ramparts left after a devastating fire during the upheaval of the [[Meiji Restoration]]. It has now been preserved along with some reconstructed prefabricate concrete towers constructed during the 1950s and 1960s, when there was a trend across [[Japan]] to rebuild damaged castles as tourist attractions. Ohori Park is also the ___location of one of Fukuoka City`s four major art galleries. There is a newly opened [[Kyūshū National Museum]] in nearby [[Dazaifu, Fukuoka|Daizaifu]].
The Marine Park Uminonakamichi is located on a narrow cape on the northern side of the Bay of Hakata. The park has an amusement park, petting zoo, gardens, beaches, a hotel, and a large marine aquarium.
Fukuoka was selected as one of [[Newsweek]]'s 10 "Most Dynamic Cities" in the 3 July 2006 publication. It was chosen for its central Asian ___location, increasing [[tourism]] and [[trade]], and a large increase in volume at its sea and airport.
For tourists from other parts of Japan, local foods such as [[mentaiko]], Hakata [[ramen]] and [[motsunabe]] are associated with Fukuoka. [[Yatai]] (street stalls) serving ramen can be found in Tenjin and [[Nakasu]] most evenings.
== Culture ==
*[http://www.fukuoka-art-museum.jp/english/index.html Fukuoka Art Museum] - In Ohori Park; contains a wide selection of contemporary and other art from around the world.
*[http://faam.city.fukuoka.jp/eng/home.html Fukuoka Asian Art Museum] - contains art from various countries of Asia.
*[http://museum.city.fukuoka.jp/english/index_e.html Fukuoka City Museum] - displays a broad range of items from the region's history, including a spectacular gold seal.
*[http://www.yokanavi.com/eg/data/kihon.asp?tourokuno=000013 Genko Historical Museum] (Museum of the Mongol Invasion) - In Higashi Koen (East Park); displays Japanese and Mongolian arms and armor from the 13th century as well as paintings on historical subjects.
*[http://kyushu.com/fukuoka/places_to_go/folk_museum/1,museums_galleries,0,,1,1,0,,x.shtml Hakata Machiya Folk Museum] - Dedicated to displaying the traditional ways of life, speech, and culture of the Fukuoka region.
== Festivals ==
[[Image:Fukuoka winter.jpg|300px|thumb|Winter View of Fukuoka from [[Fukuoka Tower]]]]
Fukuoka is home to many [[festival]]s that are held throughout the year. Of these, the most famous are Hakata Dontaku and Hakata Gion Yamakasa.
===
[http://www.jnto.go.jp/eng/indepth/history/traditionalevents/a32_fes_yamakasa.html Yamakasa] (山笠), held for two weeks each July, is Fukuoka's oldest festival with a history of over 700 years. Teams of men (no women, except small girls, are allowed), representing different districts in the city, race against the clock around a set course carrying on their shoulders floats weighing several thousand pounds. Participants all wear ''shimekomi'' (called ''[[fundoshi]]'' in other parts of Japan), which are traditional loincloths. Each day of the two-week festival period is marked by special events and practice runs, culminating in the official race that takes place the last morning before dawn. Tens of thousands line the streets to cheer on the teams. During the festival period, men can be seen walking around many parts Fukuoka in long ''[[happi]]'' coats bearing the distinctive mark of their team affiliation and traditional ''[[geta]]'' sandals. The costumes are worn with pride and are considered appropriate wear for even formal occasions, such as weddings and cocktail parties, during the festival period.
<gallery>
Image:Yamagasa uniform 1.png|The uniform used during the ceremonies and preparation.
Image:Yamagasa uniform 2.png|The uniform used during the competition.
</gallery>
=== Hakata Dontaku ===
''Hakata Dontaku'' (博多どんたく) is held in Fukuoka City on [[May 3]] and [[May 4|4]]. Boasting over 800 years of history, Dontaku is attended by more than 2 million people, making it the Japanese festival with the highest attendance during Japan's [[Golden Week (Japan)|Golden Week]] holidays. During the festival, stages are erected throughout downtown for traditional performances and a parade of floats is held. The full name is ''[http://www.hakatadontaku.jp/don_english/index.html Hakata Dontaku Minato Matsuri]'' (博多どんたく港祭).
The festival was stopped for seven years during the [[Meiji era]], and since it was restarted in the 12th year of the Meiji era it has been known as ''Hakata Dontaku''.
== Sports and Olympic ambitions ==
Fukuoka is the home of the [[Fukuoka Softbank Hawks]], one of Japan's top professional [[baseball]] teams. Threatened with bankruptcy and forced by its creditors to restructure, in 2004 former owner Daiei sold the Hawks to [[Masayoshi Son]] of [[Softbank Capital]]. The team name was changed to [[Fukuoka SoftBank Hawks]] from the [[As of 2005|2005]] season.
Fukuoka is also home to a professional [[soccer]] team, [[Avispa Fukuoka]], which, until last year were playing in the top division of Japan's J. League - [[J. League|J1]]. They were recently relegated back down in to the second rung of Japanese Football - Japan`s J League Division 2 (J2).
In 2006, The Mayor of Fukuoka, Hirotaro Yamasaki, had attempted to bring the [[Olympic Games]] to Fukuoka and Kyūshū in 2020, calling them the "Fukuoka-Kyūshū Olympics", but in vain.<!-- following episodes not important-->
Annual sporting events include:
* [[Fukuoka International Women’s Judo Championships]]
* [[Fukuoka International Open Marathon Championships]]
* [[Prince Takamatsu Cup Nishinippon Round-Kyūshū Ekiden]], beginning in [[Nagasaki, Nagasaki|Nagasaki]] and ending in Fukuoka, the world's longest [[relay race]].
The [[2006 IAAF World Cross Country Championships]] were held in Fukuoka.
=== Sports teams and facilities ===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! scope="col" | Club
! scope="col" | Sports
! scope="col" | League
! scope="col" | Venue
! scope="col" | Established
|-
| [[Fukuoka Softbank Hawks]]
| [[Baseball]]
| [[Pacific League]]
| [[Fukuoka Yahoo! Japan Dome]]
| [[1993]]
|-
| [[Avispa Fukuoka]]
| [[Football (soccer)|Football]]
| [[J. League Division 2]]
| [[Hakata no Mori Stadium]]
| [[1982]]
|}
[[Top League]] Rugby teams: [[Coca Cola West Red Sparks]], [[Fukuoka Sanix Blues]], [[Kyuden Voltex]]
==
Fukuoka City operates all public elementary and junior high schools, while the prefecture operates the high schools.
Hakata Seisho High School [http://www.h-seisho.ed.jp/teiji.htm] is located in Fukuoka.
===
*[[Fukuoka Institute of Technology]] (Fukuoka kôgyô Daigaku)
*[[Fukuoka University]]
*[[Kyūshū Institute of Design]]
*[[Kyūshū Sangyo University]]
*[[Kyūshū University]]
*[[Seinan Gakuin University]]
*[[Towa University]]
==
Fukuoka has several [[sister cities]]:
*{{flagicon|United States}} [[Oakland, California]], [[United States]]
*{{flagicon|United States}} [[Fullerton, California]], [[United States]]
*{{flagicon|People's Republic of China}} [[Guangzhou]], [[China]] (1979)
*{{flagicon|France}} [[Bordeaux]], [[France]] (1982)
*{{flagicon|New Zealand}} [[Auckland]], [[New Zealand]]
*{{flagicon|Malaysia}} [[Ipoh]], [[Malaysia]]
*{{flagicon|South Korea}} [[Pusan]], [[South Korea]]
*{{flagicon|United States}} [[Atlanta, Georgia]], [[United States]]
==
* In the 1994 film, "Godzilla Vs. SpaceGodzilla", the final battle takes place in Fukuoka, ending with the destruction of the Fukuoka Tower.
* In the 1995 film, "Gamera: Guardian Of The Universe", Gamera's first appearance and encounter with the Gyaos after nearly 30 years takes place in Fukuoka with Gamera making landfall in Hakata Bay.
* Fukuoka is the capital of Japan in the anime ''[[Ghost in the Shell: Stand Alone Complex]]'' after Tokyo is destroyed in a nuclear attack.
* ''[[Excel Saga]]'' takes place in F city, F prefecture (understood to mean Fukuoka, Fukuoka), and several famous hotels in Fukuoka (ACROS, Hyatt, Il Palazo) are used as named for characters and organizations
==
* [[Neomugicha incident]]
* [[Shintō Musō-ryū]] - A prominent international martial art that originated in the Fukuoka area in the early 1600s.
== External links ==
{{commons|Fukuoka}}
* {{wikitravelpar|Fukuoka}}
* [http://www.city.fukuoka.jp/index-e.html Fukuoka-city Online]
* [http://2016fukuoka.com/ The official web site of the Fukuoka Olympic Bid Committee]
*[http://www.fukuoka-tourism.net/e/fukuoka.html Fukuoka City page of Fukuoka Tourism Association website]
* [http://www.jrkyushu.co.jp/beetle/english/index.html Beetle] - Fukuoka-Pusan service owned by [[JR Kyūshū]]
* [http://www.rainbowfia.or.jp/english/association/index.htm Fukuoka International Association]
* [http://www.city.fukuoka.jp/investment/english/index.html Gateway Fukuoka]
* [http://www.fukuoka-now.com/ Fukuoka Now, a Fukuoka city guide and local English-language magazine, online forums]
* [http://www.urbanrail.net/as/fuku/fukuoka.htm Fukuoka subway]
==
{{Reflist}}
{{Fukuoka}}
{{Regions and administrative divisions of Japan}}
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[[Category:Cities in Fukuoka Prefecture]]
[[Category:Fukuoka| ]]
[[Category:Port cities in Japan]]
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