Comparison of browser engines: Difference between revisions

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{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2024}}
 
This article compares [[browser engine]]s.
This article compares [[browser engine]]s, especially actively-[[software development|developed]] ones.{{efn|name=statuses|Active status means that new [[Web standards]] continue to be added to the engine, which properly renders the vast majority of [[website]]s, including [[multimedia]]. However, Maintained status can be as minimal as ensuring the engine [[source code|code]] still [[compiler|compiles]]; this includes relatively new engines that are not yet robust enough to be Active here. Discontinued is when the engine code is abandoned.}}
 
Some of these engines have shared origins. For example, the [[WebKit]] engine was created by [[Fork (software development)|forking]] the [[KHTML]] engine in 2001.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.cnet.com/2100-1023-980492.html |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121025015655/http://news.cnet.com/2100-1023-980492.html |title=Apple snub stings Mozilla |author=Paul Festa |publisher=[[CNET Networks]] |date=2003-01-14 |archivedate=2012-10-25 |accessdate=2017-02-16 |authorlink=Paul Festa |url-status=dead }}</ref> Then, in 2013, a modified version of WebKit was officially forked as the [[Blink (browser engine)|Blink]] engine.<ref>{{cite web |first=Peter |last=Bright |title=Google going its own way, forking WebKit rendering engine |url=https://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2013/04/google-going-its-own-way-forking-webkit-rendering-engine/ |website=[[Ars Technica]] |publisher=[[Conde Nast]] |date=April 3, 2013 |accessdate=March 9, 2017}}</ref>
 
==General information==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
{{original research|date=April 2025}}
{| class="sortable wikitable"
|-
! Engine !! Status !! Creators !! License !! Used in
!scope="col"| Engine
!scope="col"| Status{{efn|name=statuses}}
!scope="col"| Steward
!scope="col"| [[Software license|License]]
!scope="col"| Embedded in
|-
| [[WebKit]] || Stable || [[Apple Inc.|Apple]], initially forked from KHTML || {{open source|[[GNU Lesser General Public License|GNU LGPL]], [[BSD licenses|BSD-style]]}} || [[Safari (web browser)|Safari]] browser, [[GNOME Web]], [[Konqueror]], [[Kagi (search engine)#Orion Browser|Orion]] and all browsers for [[iOS]]<ref name="ioswebkit">{{cite web |title=Open-sourcing Chrome on iOS! |year=2017 |url= https://blog.chromium.org/2017/01/open-sourcing-chrome-on-ios.html |quote=Due to constraints of the iOS platform, all browsers must be built on top of the WebKit rendering engine. |access-date=26 April 2021}}</ref>
!scope="row" {{rh}} | [[WebKit]]
|style="background-color:#9F9;"|Active
| [[Apple Inc.|Apple]]
| {{open source|[[GNU Lesser General Public License|GNU LGPL]], [[BSD licenses|BSD-style]]}}
| [[Safari (web browser)|Safari]] browser, plus all browsers for [[iOS]];<ref name="only WebKit for iOS">{{cite web |title=Open-sourcing Chrome on iOS! |year=2017 |url= https://blog.chromium.org/2017/01/open-sourcing-chrome-on-ios.html |quote=Due to constraints of the iOS platform, all browsers must be built on top of the WebKit rendering engine. |access-date=26 April 2021}}</ref> [[GNOME Web]], [[Konqueror]], [[Kagi (search engine)#Orion Browser|Orion]]
|-
| [[Blink (browser engine)|Blink]] || Stable || [[Google]], initially forked from WebKit || {{open source|[[GNU Lesser General Public License|GNU LGPL]], [[BSD licenses|BSD-style]]}} || All [[Chromium (web browser)|Chromium]]-based browsers
!scope="row" {{rh}} | [[Blink (browser engine)|Blink]]
|style="background-color:#9F9;"|Active
| [[Google]]
| {{open source|[[GNU Lesser General Public License|GNU LGPL]], [[BSD licenses|BSD-style]]}}
| [[Google Chrome]] and all other [[Chromium (web browser)|Chromium]]-based browsers including [[Microsoft Edge]], [[Brave (web browser)|Brave]], [[Vivaldi (web browser)|Vivaldi]], [[Huawei Mobile Services|Huawei Browser]], [[Samsung Internet|Samsung Browser]], and [[Opera (web browser)|Opera]]<ref name="browser market share">{{cite web |url=https://gs.statcounter.com/ |title=Current browser market share | publisher=[[StatCounter]] | access-date=29 October 2021}}</ref>
|-
| [[Gecko (software)|Gecko]] || Stable || [[Mozilla]] || {{open source|[[Mozilla Public License|Mozilla Public]]}} || [[Firefox]] browser and its forks; [[SeaMonkey]] browser, [[Mozilla Thunderbird|Thunderbird]] email client
!scope="row" {{rh}} | [[Gecko (software)|Gecko]]
|style="background-color:#9F9;"|Active
| [[Mozilla]]
| {{open source|[[Mozilla Public License|Mozilla Public]]}}
|[[Firefox]] browser and [[Mozilla Thunderbird|Thunderbird]] email client <!-- don't list SeaMonkey or Waterfox, which use un-named forks of older versions of Gecko -->
|-
| [[Goanna (software)|Goanna]] || Stable || M. C. Straver,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.moonchildproductions.info/about.shtml |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170313050503/http://www.moonchildproductions.info/about.shtml |title=About Moonchild Productions |author=M. C. Straver |archivedate=2017-03-13 |accessdate=2018-04-19 |url-status=dead }}</ref> initially forked from Gecko || {{open source|[[Mozilla Public License|Mozilla Public]]}} || [[Pale Moon]], [[Basilisk (web browser)|Basilisk]], [[K-Meleon]] browsers
!scope="row" {{rh}} | [[Goanna (software)|Goanna]]{{efn|Goanna is a [[Fork (software development)|fork]] of an old version of Gecko. It has less web compatibility, but still renders the vast majority of websites.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Re: YouTube SLOW!|url=https://forum.palemoon.org/viewtopic.php?t=28644#p230762|website=forum.palemoon.org|date=July 2022|author=M.C. Straver (a.k.a. Moonchild) |quote=For the record, even I am not exclusively using Pale Moon either, because the web simply is too Google-centric at the moment. I do use it for the vast majority of sites but there are a few like Youtube and some sites which are simply not interested in being browser agnostic where I use Edge, instead.}}</ref>}}
|style="background-color:#9F9;"|Active
| M. C. Straver<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.moonchildproductions.info/about.shtml |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170313050503/http://www.moonchildproductions.info/about.shtml |title=About Moonchild Productions |author=M. C. Straver |archivedate=2017-03-13 |accessdate=2018-04-19 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
| {{open source|[[Mozilla Public License|Mozilla Public]]}}
| [[Pale Moon]], [[Basilisk (web browser)|Basilisk]], and [[K-Meleon]] browsers
|-
| [[NetSurf]] || Stable || NetSurf developers<ref>{{cite web |title=NetSurf Developer page |url=http://www.netsurf-browser.org/developers/ |website=Netsurf-browser.org|accessdate=7 February 2019}}</ref> || {{open source|[[GNU General Public License#Version 2|GNU GPLv2]]}} || [[NetSurf]] browser
!scope="row" {{rh}} | [[Trident (software)|Trident]]{{efn|[[Internet Explorer]] continues to receive security updates,<ref>{{Cite web|title=Lifecycle FAQ – Internet Explorer and Microsoft Edge – Microsoft Lifecycle|url=https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/lifecycle/faq/internet-explorer-microsoft-edge|access-date=August 30, 2020|website=docs.microsoft.com|language=en-us}}</ref> which means Trident (a.k.a. MSHTML) is still maintained.}}
|style="background-color:#FFB;"|Maintained
| [[Microsoft]]
| {{Proprietary}}
| [[Internet Explorer]] browser
|-
| [[Servo (software)|Servo]] || Experimental<ref>{{Cite web |last=Developers |first=The Servo Project |title=Two months in Servo: CSS nesting, Shadow DOM, Clipboard API, and more! - Servo aims to empower developers with a lightweight, high-performance alternative for embedding web technologies in applications. |url=https://servo.org/blog/2025/05/09/this-month-in-servo/ |access-date=2025-05-10 |website=Servo |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Servo engines written in Rust deliver memory safety and multithreading|url=https://research.mozilla.org/servo-engines|access-date=2020-07-05|website=Mozilla Research|language=en-US|archive-date=2020-06-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200611192314/https://research.mozilla.org/servo-engines/|url-status=dead}}</ref> || [[Linux Foundation]] || {{open source|[[Mozilla Public License|Mozilla Public]]}} || Experimental browsers<ref>{{cite web |url=https://blog.mozvr.com/a-new-browser-for-magic-leap/ |title=A new browser for Magic Leap |date=2018-12-03 |access-date=2019-05-20}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://blog.mozvr.com/firefox-reality-hololens/ |title=Firefox Reality for HoloLens 2 |date=2020-05-21 |access-date=2020-07-17}}</ref>
!scope="row" {{rh}} | [[EdgeHTML]]
|style="background-color:#FFB;"|Maintained <!-- still maintained for UWP apps, per https://redmondmag.com/articles/2018/12/10/edgehtml-continues.aspx -->
| [[Microsoft]]
| {{Proprietary}}
| some [[Universal Windows Platform apps|UWP apps]];<ref>{{cite web|url=https://blog.ailon.org/you-think-you-can-forget-about-the-legacy-microsoft-edge-not-so-fast-28ce91270a22|title=You Think You Can Forget About the "Legacy" Microsoft Edge? Not So Fast!|first=Alan|last=Mendelevich|date=14 May 2021}}</ref> [[Microsoft Edge Legacy]] browser<ref>{{cite web |last1=Mackie |first1=Kurt |title=Microsoft Edge Browser To Get New Rendering Engine but EdgeHTML Continues |url=https://redmondmag.com/articles/2018/12/10/edgehtml-continues.aspx |website=Redmond Mag |date=10 December 2018 |accessdate=21 December 2019}}</ref>
|-
| [[Ladybird (web browser)|LibWeb]] || Experimental; in pre-alpha<ref>{{cite web|url=https://github.com/LadybirdBrowser/ladybird/blob/master/README.md|title=Breadcrumbs/README.MD|website=[[GitHub]] |date=2024-11-25|access-date=2025-04-17|archive-date=2025-03-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250330233620/https://github.com/LadybirdBrowser/ladybird/blob/master/README.md|url-status=live}}</ref> || Ladybird Browser Initiative<ref>{{Cite web |last=Kling |first=Andreas |title=Announcing the Ladybird Browser Initiative |url=https://ladybird.org/posts/announcement/ |date=2024-07-01 |website=ladybird.org |language=en}}</ref> || {{open source|[[BSD licenses#2-clause license ("Simplified BSD License" or "FreeBSD License")|2-clause BSD]]}} || [[Ladybird (web browser)|Ladybird]] browser<ref name="Ladybird announcement">{{cite web |author=Andreas Kling |title=Ladybird: A new cross-platform browser project |date=September 2022 |url=https://awesomekling.github.io/Ladybird-a-new-cross-platform-browser-project/ |quote=Please note that we’re still early in development, and many web platform features are missing or broken. It’s going to take a long time before Ladybird is ready for day-to-day browsing.}}</ref>
!scope="row" {{rh}} | [[Presto (browser engine)|Presto]]{{efn|name=presto}}
|style="background-color:#FFB;"|Maintained
| [[Opera (company)|Opera]]
| {{Proprietary}}
| [[server-side]] for low-end phones;{{efn|name=presto|In 2013, Opera replaced the Presto engine with Blink for its [[flagship]] desktop and mobile browser. But it still has<!--as reported on the talk page in Jan 2024--> a special niche usage of Presto as a server-side renderer for the [[Opera Mini]] browser, which provides a limited browsing capability on [[feature phone|low-end phones]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Opera Browsers, Modes & Engines |url=https://dev.opera.com/articles/browsers-modes-engines/ |access-date=8 January 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Have you heard about Opera mini extreme mode? |url=https://markdarabos.medium.com/did-you-hear-about-opera-mini-extreme-mode-b814fca0dbf0 |access-date=8 January 2024}}</ref> Presto was last updated in 2015,<ref>{{cite web |title=Opera Mini server upgrade |url=https://dev.opera.com/blog/opera-mini-server-upgrade/ |website=dev.opera.com |access-date=8 January 2024}}</ref> but is considered Maintained here because of its usage.}} formerly in the Opera browser
|-
| [[KHTML]]<ref>{{cite web |title=KHTML repository |quote=Removed for KF6, the 'kf5' branch contains the last maintained state. |url=https://github.com/KDE/khtml/tree/6d89b39ddb93aa5b655508c0b5295f3f4db626b8 |website=GitHub |access-date=5 May 2023}}</ref> || Discontinued || [[KDE]] || {{open source|[[GNU Lesser General Public License|GNU LGPL]]}} || Formerly in the [[Konqueror]] browser<ref>{{cite web |url=https://phabricator.kde.org/T11543| title=Port Konqueror away from KHTML|website=phabricator.kde.org|access-date=5 May 2023}}</ref>
!scope="row" {{rh}} | [[Flow (web browser)|Flow]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://support.ekioh.com/download/|website=Ekioh|title=Flow Preview Builds |quote=Flow's goal is to render every website correctly... but there is currently a long way left to go. |accessdate=5 November 2023}}</ref>
|style="background-color:#FFB;"|Maintained
| Ekioh<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ekioh.com/company/|title=About Ekioh|website=Ekioh}}</ref>
| {{Proprietary}}
| [[Flow (web browser)|Flow]] browser<ref name="Flow browser homepage">{{Cite web|url=https://www.ekioh.com/flow-browser/|title=Flow Browser|website=Ekioh}}</ref>
|-
| [[Tkhtml]] || Discontinued || Liem Bahneman<ref>{{cite journal|journal=[[iX (magazine)|iX]]|title=Weberknechte - WWW Dokumente komfortabel erstellen|language=German|first=Stefan|last=Mintert|publisher=[[Heinz Heise]]|issue=8|year=1995}}</ref> || {{open source|[[BSD license|BSD]]}} || Formerly in Html Viewer 3 browser
!scope="row" {{rh}} | [[NetSurf]]{{efn|NetSurf does not fully support [[HTML5]] or other recent Web standards,<ref>{{cite web |title=Development Progress |url=http://www.netsurf-browser.org/documentation/progress.html |website=NetSurf |access-date=3 May 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.netsurf-browser.org/about/news.html |publisher=NetSurf |access-date=11 May 2022|title=NetSurf &#124; News }}</ref> which means it cannot work properly on [[YouTube]], [[Gmail]], and many other popular [[website]]s. Thus it does not merit Active status per this article's criteria.}}
|style="background-color:#FFB;"|Maintained
| The NetSurf Developers<ref>{{cite web |title=NetSurf Developer page |url=http://www.netsurf-browser.org/developers/ |website=Netsurf-browser.org|accessdate=7 February 2019}}</ref>
| {{open source|[[GNU General Public License#Version 2|GNU GPLv2]]}}
| [[NetSurf]] browser<ref>{{cite web |title=NetSurf web browser homepage |url=http://www.netsurf-browser.org/ |website=Netsurf-browser.org|accessdate=7 February 2019}}</ref>
|-
| [[Trident (software)|Trident]] || Stable || [[Microsoft]] || {{Proprietary}} || [[Internet Explorer]] browser; [[Microsoft Edge]] IE mode
! {{rh}} | [[Servo (software)|Servo]]{{efn|Servo has the goal of being a viable alternative to the major engines. However, it is still under heavy development<ref>{{cite web |title=Servo Projects |url=https://github.com/servo/servo/projects?query=is%3Aopen |website=GitHub}}</ref> and is not Active status here.}}
|style="background-color:#FDB;"|In development<!--Don't change this to Active until there's sufficient evidence that Servo's capabilities are on par with the mainstream engines-->
| [[Linux Foundation]]
| {{open source|[[Mozilla Public License|Mozilla Public]]}}
| experimental browsers<ref>{{cite web |url=https://blog.mozvr.com/a-new-browser-for-magic-leap/ |title=A new browser for Magic Leap |date=2018-12-03 |access-date=2019-05-20}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://blog.mozvr.com/firefox-reality-hololens/ |title=Firefox Reality for HoloLens 2 |date=2020-05-21 |access-date=2020-07-17}}</ref>
|-
| [[Flow (web browser)|Flow]]<ref name="flow">{{Cite web|url=https://support.ekioh.com/download/|website=Ekioh|title=Flow Preview Builds|accessdate=2025-04-17}}</ref> || Experimental; in beta<ref name="flow" /> || Ekioh<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ekioh.com/company/|title=About Ekioh|website=Ekioh}}</ref> || {{Proprietary}} || [[Flow (web browser)|Flow]] browser<ref name="Flow browser homepage">{{Cite web|url=https://www.ekioh.com/flow-browser/|title=Flow Browser|website=Ekioh}}</ref>
!scope="row" {{rh}} | [[Ladybird (web browser)|LibWeb]]{{efn|LibWeb will not be ready for real browsing until at least 2026.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Kling |first=Andreas |title=Ladybird FAQ's |url=https://ladybird.org/#faq |access-date=2024-08-21 |website=ladybird.org |language=en}}</ref><ref name="Ladybird announcement"/> Thus it does not merit Active status per this article's criteria.}}
|style="background-color:#FDB;"|In development
| Ladybird Browser Initiative<ref>{{Cite web |last=Kling |first=Andreas |title=Announcing the Ladybird Browser Initiative |url=https://ladybird.org/posts/announcement/ |date=2024-07-01 |website=ladybird.org |language=en}}</ref>
| {{open source|[[BSD licenses#2-clause license ("Simplified BSD License" or "FreeBSD License")|2-clause BSD]]}}
| [[Ladybird (web browser)|Ladybird]] browser<ref name="Ladybird announcement">{{cite web |author=Andreas Kling |title=Ladybird: A new cross-platform browser project |date=September 2022 |url=https://awesomekling.github.io/Ladybird-a-new-cross-platform-browser-project/ |quote=Please note that we’re still early in development, and many web platform features are missing or broken. It’s going to take a long time before Ladybird is ready for day-to-day browsing.}}</ref>
|-
| [[EdgeHTML]] || Discontinued || Microsoft || {{Proprietary}} || Some [[Universal Windows Platform apps|UWP apps]];<ref>{{cite web|url=https://blog.ailon.org/you-think-you-can-forget-about-the-legacy-microsoft-edge-not-so-fast-28ce91270a22|title=You Think You Can Forget About the "Legacy" Microsoft Edge? Not So Fast!|first=Alan|last=Mendelevich|date=14 May 2021}}</ref> [[Microsoft Edge Legacy|formerly Microsoft Edge]] browser<ref>{{cite web |last1=Mackie |first1=Kurt |title=Microsoft Edge Browser To Get New Rendering Engine but EdgeHTML Continues |url=https://redmondmag.com/articles/2018/12/10/edgehtml-continues.aspx |website=Redmond Mag |date=10 December 2018 |accessdate=21 December 2019}}</ref>
!scope="row" {{rh}} | [[KHTML]]<ref>{{cite web |title=KHTML repository |quote=Removed for KF6, the 'kf5' branch contains the last maintained state. |url=https://github.com/KDE/khtml/tree/6d89b39ddb93aa5b655508c0b5295f3f4db626b8 |website=GitHub |access-date=5 May 2023}}</ref>
|style="background-color:#F99;"|Discontinued
| [[KDE]]
| {{open source|[[GNU Lesser General Public License|GNU LGPL]]}}
| formerly in the [[Konqueror]] browser<ref>{{cite web |url=https://phabricator.kde.org/T11543| title=Port Konqueror away from KHTML|website=phabricator.kde.org|access-date=5 May 2023}}</ref>
|-
| [[Presto (browser engine)|Presto]] || Discontinued || [[Opera (company)|Opera]] || {{Proprietary}} || [[Opera Mini]] browser in Extreme/Mini mode, where contents arrive pre-rendered using this engine server-side<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://dev.opera.com/articles/browsers-modes-engines/|title=Opera Browsers, Modes & Engines|website=dev.opera.com|date=2015-06-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150614113901/https://dev.opera.com/articles/browsers-modes-engines/|archive-date=2015-06-14 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
| [[NetFront]] || Discontinued || [[Access (company)|Access Co., Ltd.]] || {{Proprietary}} || Formerly in the [[NetFront]] browser, [[Blazer (web browser)#Blazer 3|Palm Blazer 3]] and up, the [[Dreamcast online functionality|Dreamcast web browser]], the [[PlayStation Portable system software#Web browser|PSP web browser]], and [[PlayStation 3 system software|PS3 web browser]] versions prior to system software 4.10.
|-
| [[Tasman (browser engine)|Tasman]] || Discontinued || Microsoft || {{Proprietary}} || [[Internet_Explorer_for_Mac#Internet_Explorer_5_Macintosh_Edition|Internet Explorer 5 Macintosh Edition]]
|-
| [[Mariner (browser engine)|Mariner]] || Discontinued || [[Netscape|Netscape Communications]] || {{Proprietary}} || [[Netscape_(web_browser)#Netscape_Communicator_5.0_(Canceled)|Netscape Communicator 5.0]]
|}
 
==Support==
These tables summarize what actively-developed{{efn|name=statuses}}stable engines support.
 
===Operating systems===
The [[operating system]]s that engines can run on without emulation.
 
{| class="sortable wikitable sortable"
|-
! Engine !! [[Microsoft Windows|Windows]] !! [[macOS]] !! [[Linux]] !! [[Berkeley Software Distribution|BSD]] !! [[Haiku (operating system)|Haiku]] !! [[Android (operating system)|Android]] !! [[iOS]]<ref name="ioswebkit" />
!scope="col"| Engine
!scope="col"| [[Microsoft Windows|Windows]]
!scope="col"| [[macOS]]
!scope="col"| [[iOS]]<ref name="only WebKit for iOS"/>
!scope="col"| [[Android (operating system)|Android]]
!scope="col"| [[Linux]]
!scope="col"| [[Berkeley Software Distribution|BSD]]
!scope="col"| [[Haiku (operating system)|Haiku]]
|-
| WebKit || {{yes}}<ref group="note" name="webkitwindows">Must be built from source code.</ref> || {{yes}} || {{yes}} || {{yes}} || {{yes}} || {{yes}} || {{yes}}
!scope="row" {{rh}} | [[WebKit]]
| {{yes}}{{efn-lr|name=No Browsers|Must be built from source code.}}
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
|-
| Blink || {{yes}} || {{yes}} || {{yes}} || {{yes}} || {{yes}}<ref group="note" name="qtwebengine">Only available via [[QtWebEngine]].</ref> || {{yes}} || {{no}}
!scope="row" {{rh}} | [[Blink (browser engine)|Blink]]
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
| {{no}}
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}{{efn-lr|name=QtWebEngine|Only available through [[QtWebEngine]].}}
|-
| Gecko || {{yes}} || {{yes}} || {{yes}} || {{yes}} || {{yes}} || {{yes}} || {{no}}
!scope="row" {{rh}} | [[Gecko (software)|Gecko]]
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
| {{no}}
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
|-
| Goanna || {{yes}} || {{yes}}<ref name="palemoonmacos">{{cite web |url=https://repo.palemoon.org/MoonchildProductions/UXP/issues/1829 |title=#1829 Restore Mac OS X code and buildability |date=2022-03-31 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220506231130/https://repo.palemoon.org/MoonchildProductions/UXP/issues/1829 |archive-date=2022-05-06 |url-status=live}}</ref>|| {{yes}} || {{yes}} || {{no}} || {{no}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://forum.palemoon.org/viewtopic.php?f=39&t=14723&start=20#p165642|title=Pale Moon for Android is dead|website=forum.palemoon.org |date=April 2019 |access-date=4 May 2021}}</ref> || {{no}}
!scope="row" {{rh}} | [[Goanna (software)|Goanna]]
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}<ref name="RestoreMacOsSupport2022">{{cite web |url=https://repo.palemoon.org/MoonchildProductions/UXP/issues/1829 |title=#1829 Restore Mac OS X code and buildability |date=2022-03-31 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220506231130/https://repo.palemoon.org/MoonchildProductions/UXP/issues/1829 |archive-date=2022-05-06 |url-status=live}}</ref>
| {{no}}
| {{no}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://forum.palemoon.org/viewtopic.php?f=39&t=14723&start=20#p165642|title=Pale Moon for Android is dead|website=forum.palemoon.org |date=April 2019 |access-date=4 May 2021}}</ref>
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
| {{no}}
|-
| NetSurf<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.netsurf-browser.org/downloads/|title=NetSurf Downloads|access-date=2025-04-17|date=2009|website=NetSurf}}</ref> || {{yes}} || {{no}} || {{yes}} || {{yes}} || {{yes}} || {{no}} || {{no}}
|-
| Trident || {{yes}} || {{no}} || {{no}} || {{no}} || {{no}} || {{no}} || {{no}}
|}
 
'''Notes'''
{{notelist-lr}}
 
===Image formats ===
{| class="wikitable" sortable"
|-
! Engine !! [[JPEG]] !! [[JPEG 2000]] !! [[JPEG XL]] !! [[JPEG XL|JPEG XL HDR]] !! [[High_dynamic_range|JPEG ISO HDR]] !! [[High_dynamic_range|JPEG Adobe HDR]] !! [[GIF]] !! [[BMP_file_format|BMP]] !! [[PNG]] !! [[APNG]] !! [[SVG]] !! [[WebP]] !! [[AVIF]] !! [[High_dynamic_range|AVIF HDR]] !! [[High_Efficiency_Image_File_Format|HEIC]] !! [[High_Efficiency_Image_File_Format|HEIC HDR]]
! Engine
! [[JPEG]]
! [[JPEG 2000]]
! [[JPEG XL]]
! [[JPEG XL|JPEG XL HDR]]
! [[High_dynamic_range|JPEG ISO HDR]]
! [[High_dynamic_range|JPEG Adobe HDR]]
! [[GIF]]
! [[BMP_file_format|BMP]]
! [[PNG]]
! [[APNG]]
! [[SVG]]
! [[WebP]]
! [[AVIF]]
! [[High_dynamic_range|AVIF HDR]]
! [[High_Efficiency_Image_File_Format|HEIC]]
! [[High_Efficiency_Image_File_Format|HEIC HDR]]
|-
| WebKit || {{yes}} || {{yes}} || {{yes}} || {{no}}<ref name="wkhdr">{{cite news |title=Bug 282299: [HDR] Support HDR Images |url=https://bugs.webkit.org/show_bug.cgi?id=282299 |access-date=1 Aug 2025 |publisher=Webkit Team |date=29 October 2024}}</ref> || {{no}} <ref name="wkhdr" /> || {{no}} <ref name="wkhdr" /> || {{yes}} || {{yes}} || {{yes}} || {{yes}} || {{yes}} || {{yes}} || {{yes}} || {{yes}} || {{yes}} || {{no}} <ref name="wkhdr" />
| {{rh}} | [[WebKit]]
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
| {{no}} <ref name=wkhdr>{{cite news |title=Bug 288705: [HDR] Enable SupportHDRDisplay feature by default |url=https://bugs.webkit.org/show_bug.cgi?id=288705 |access-date=21 March 2025 |publisher=Webkit Team |date=28 February 2025}}</ref><ref name=wkgain>{{cite news |title=Bug 290940: Gain mapped images do not show HDR contents |url=https://bugs.webkit.org/show_bug.cgi?id=290940 |access-date=10 April 2025 |publisher=Webkit Team |date=2 April 2025}}</ref>
| {{no}} <ref name=wkhdr/><ref name=wkgain/>
| {{no}} <ref name=wkhdr/><ref name=wkgain/>
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
| {{no}} <ref name=wkhdr/>
|-
| Blink || {{yes}} || {{no}} || {{no}}<ref name="xl1">{{cite news |title=Google kills forthcoming JPEG XL image format in Chromium |url=https://www.theregister.com/2022/10/31/jpeg_xl_axed_chrome/ |access-date=7 August 2023 |publisher=The Register |date=31 October 2022}}</ref><ref name="xl2">{{cite web |last1=Purdy |first1=Kevin |title=FSF: Chrome's JPEG XL killing shows how the web works under browser hegemony |date=17 April 2023 |url=https://arstechnica.com/gadgets/2023/04/free-software-group-decries-google-dropping-space-saving-jpeg-xl-format/ |publisher=Ars Technica |access-date=16 February 2024}}</ref> || {{yes}} || {{yes}} || {{yes}} || {{yes}} || {{yes}} || {{yes}} || {{yes}} || {{yes}} || {{yes}} || {{yes}} || {{yes}} || {{no}} || {{no}}
| {{rh}} | [[Blink (browser engine)|Blink]]
| {{yes}}
| {{no}}
| {{no}}<ref name=xl1>{{cite news |title=Google kills forthcoming JPEG XL image format in Chromium |url=https://www.theregister.com/2022/10/31/jpeg_xl_axed_chrome/ |access-date=7 August 2023 |publisher=The Register |date=31 October 2022}}</ref><ref name=xl2>{{cite web |last1=Purdy |first1=Kevin |title=FSF: Chrome's JPEG XL killing shows how the web works under browser hegemony |date=17 April 2023 |url=https://arstechnica.com/gadgets/2023/04/free-software-group-decries-google-dropping-space-saving-jpeg-xl-format/ |publisher=Ars Technica |access-date=16 February 2024}}</ref>
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
| {{no}}
| {{no}}
|-
| Gecko || {{yes}} || {{no}} || {{no}} || {{no}} || {{no}} || {{no}} || {{yes}} || {{yes}} || {{yes}} || {{yes}} || {{yes}} || {{yes}} || {{yes}} || {{no}} || {{no}} || {{no}}
| {{rh}} | [[Gecko (software)|Gecko]]
| {{yes}}
| {{no}}
| {{no}}
| {{no}}
| {{no}}
| {{no}}
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
| {{no}}
| {{no}}
| {{no}}
|-
| Goanna || {{yes}} || {{no}} || {{yes}} || {{no}} || {{no}} || {{no}} || {{yes}} || {{yes}} || {{yes}} || {{yes}} || {{yes}} || {{yes}} || {{no}} || {{no}} || {{no}} || {{no}}
| {{rh}} | [[Goanna (software)|Goanna]]
| {{yes}}
| {{no}}
| {{yes}}
| {{no}}
| {{no}}
| {{no}}
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
| {{no}}
| {{no}}
| {{no}}
| {{no}}
|-
| NetSurf<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.netsurf-browser.org/|title=NetSurf|access-date=2025-04-17|website=NetSurf|date=2023-12-28}}</ref> || {{yes}} || {{no}} || {{yes}} || {{no}} || {{no}} || {{no}} || {{yes}} || {{yes}} || {{yes}} || {{no}} || {{yes}} || {{yes}} || {{no}} || {{no}} || {{no}} || {{no}}
|-
| Trident || {{yes}} || {{no}} || {{no}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://caniuse.com/jpegxl|title=JPEG XL image format|access-date=2025-04-17|website=Can I use...|archive-date=2025-04-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250401031933/https://caniuse.com/jpegxl|url-status=live}}</ref> || {{no}} || {{dunno}} || {{dunno}} || {{yes}} || {{yes}} || {{yes}} || {{no}} || {{partial}} || {{no}} || {{no}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://caniuse.com/avif|title=AVIF image format|access-date=2025-04-17|website=Can I use...|archive-date=2025-04-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250405014502/https://caniuse.com/avif|url-status=live}}</ref> || {{no}} || {{no}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://caniuse.com/heif|title=HEIF/HEIC image format|access-date=2025-04-17|website=Can I use...|archive-date=2025-04-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250408005525/https://caniuse.com/heif|url-status=live}}</ref> || {{no}}
|}
 
=== Media formats===
{| class="sortable wikitable sortable"
|-
! Engine !! [[VP9]] !! [[AV1]] !! [[HEVC]] !! [[H264]] !! [[Opus (audio format)|Opus]] !! [[FLAC]]
! Engine
! style="width:4em" | VP9
! style="width:4em" | AV1
! style="width:4em" | HEVC
! style="width:4em" | H264+AAC
! style="width:4em" | Opus
! style="width:4em" | FLAC
|-
| WebKit || {{yes}} || {{yes}} || {{yes}} || {{yes}} || {{dunno}} || {{yes}}
! {{rh}} class="table-rh" | [[WebKit]]
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
| {{Depends}}
| {{yes}}
|-
| Blink || {{yes}} || {{yes}} || {{yes}} || {{yes}} || {{yes}} || {{yes}}
! {{rh}} class="table-rh" | [[Blink (browser engine)|Blink]]
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
|-
| Gecko || {{yes}} || {{yes}} || {{no}} || {{yes}} || {{yes}} || {{yes}}
! {{rh}} class="table-rh" | [[Gecko (software)|Gecko]]
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
| {{no}}
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
|-
| Goanna || {{yes}} || {{yes}} || {{no}} || {{yes}} || {{yes}} || {{yes}}
! {{rh}} class="table-rh" | [[Goanna (software)|Goanna]]
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
| {{no}}
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
|-
| NetSurf || {{no}} || {{no}} || {{no}} || {{dunno}} || {{no}} || {{dunno}}
|-
| Trident || {{no}}<ref name="helgeklein">{{cite web|url=https://helgeklein.com/blog/browser-video-codecs-formats-hardware-acceleration/|title=Browser Video: Codecs, Formats & Hardware Acceleration|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250325100454/https://helgeklein.com/blog/browser-video-codecs-formats-hardware-acceleration/|archive-date=2025-03-25|date=2017-12-04|access-date=2025-04-17|website=Helge Klein|url-status=live}}</ref> || {{no}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://caniuse.com/av1|title=AV1 video format|access-date=2025-04-17|website=Can I use...|archive-date=2025-04-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250404030234/https://caniuse.com/av1|url-status=live}}</ref> || {{partial}}<ref name="helgeklein" /> || {{yes}}<ref name="helgeklein" /> || {{no}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://caniuse.com/opus|title= Opus audio format|access-date=2025-04-17|website=Can I use...|archive-date=2025-04-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250409131959/https://caniuse.com/opus|url-status=live}}</ref> || {{no}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://caniuse.com/flac|title=FLAC audio format|access-date=2025-04-17|website=Can I use...|archive-date=2025-03-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250330191453/https://caniuse.com/flac|url-status=live}}</ref>
|}
 
=== Typography ===
{| class="sortable wikitable sortable"
|-
! Engine !! [[TrueType|TTF]] !! [[OpenType|OTF]] !! [[Web Open Font Format|WOFF]] !! WOFF2 !! @font-face CSS rule !! Ligatures (font-variant-ligatures CSS property)
! Engine
! style="width:4em" | TTF
! style="width:4em" | OTF
! style="width:4em" | WOFF
! style="width:4em" | WOFF2
! style="width:4em" | @font-face
! style="width:4em" | Ligatures
|-
| WebKit || {{yes}} || {{yes}} || {{yes}} || {{yes}} || {{yes}} || {{yes}}
! {{rh}} class="table-rh" | [[WebKit]]
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
|-
| Blink || {{yes}} || {{yes}} || {{yes}} || {{yes}} || {{yes}} || {{yes}}
! {{rh}} class="table-rh" | [[Blink (browser engine)|Blink]]
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
|-
| Gecko || {{yes}} || {{yes}} || {{yes}} || {{yes}} || {{yes}} || {{yes}}
! {{rh}} class="table-rh" | [[Gecko (software)|Gecko]]
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
|-
| Goanna || {{yes}} || {{yes}} || {{yes}} || {{yes}} || {{yes}} || {{yes}}
! {{rh}} class="table-rh" | [[Goanna (software)|Goanna]]
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
|-
| NetSurf || {{dunno}} || {{dunno}} || {{no}} || {{no}} || {{partial}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://download.netsurf-browser.org/netsurf/releases/ChangeLog.txt|title=NetSurf 2.9|work=Change Log|publisher=NetSurf|access-date=2025-04-17}}</ref> || {{no}}
|-
| Trident || {{partial}}<ref name="caniusettf">{{cite web|url=https://caniuse.com/ttf|title=TTF/OTF - TrueType and OpenType font support|access-date=2025-04-17|website=Can I use...|archive-date=2025-01-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250117085425/https://caniuse.com/ttf|url-status=live}}</ref> || {{partial}}<ref name="caniusettf" /> || {{yes}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://caniuse.com/woff|title=WOFF - Web Open Font Format|access-date=2025-04-17|website=Can I use...|archive-date=2025-02-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250209012908/https://caniuse.com/woff|url-status=live}}</ref> || {{no}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://caniuse.com/woff2|title=WOFF 2.0 - Web Open Font Format|access-date=2025-04-17|website=Can I use...|archive-date=2025-01-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250130172635/https://caniuse.com/woff2|url-status=live}}</ref> || {{yes}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://caniuse.com/fontface|title=@font-face Web fonts|access-date=2025-04-17|website=Can I use...|archive-date=2025-03-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250321044920/https://caniuse.com/fontface|url-status=live}}</ref> || {{no}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://caniuse.com/mdn-css_properties_font-variant-ligatures|title=CSS property: font-variant-ligatures|access-date=2025-04-17|website=Can I use...|archive-date=2024-12-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241228210145/https://caniuse.com/mdn-css_properties_font-variant-ligatures|url-status=live}}</ref>
|}
 
=== Other items ===
{| class="sortable wikitable sortable"
|-
! Engine !! [[Web Components]] !! [[WebGL]] !! [[WebGPU]]<ref>{{cite web |title=WebGPU Implementation Status |url=https://github.com/gpuweb/gpuweb/wiki/Implementation-Status |website=GitHub |access-date=14 March 2024}}</ref> !! [[XHTML]]
|-
| WebKit || {{partial}}<ref name="caniusewc" /> || {{yes}} || {{yes}} || {{yes}}
! Engine
! style="width:5em" | [[Web Components]]
! style="width:5em" | [[WebGL]]
! style="width:5em" | [[WebGPU]]<ref>{{cite web |title=WebGPU Implementation Status |url=https://github.com/gpuweb/gpuweb/wiki/Implementation-Status |website=GitHub |access-date=14 March 2024}}</ref>
! style="width:5em" | [[XHTML]]
|-
| Blink || {{yes}} || {{yes}} || {{yes}} || {{yes}}
! {{rh}} class="table-rh" | [[WebKit]]
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
| {{no}}
| {{yes}}
|-
| Gecko || {{yes}} || {{yes}} || {{yes}} || {{yes}}
! {{rh}} class="table-rh" | [[Blink (browser engine)|Blink]]
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}<ref>{{cite web |title=Chrome ships WebGPU |url=https://developer.chrome.com/blog/webgpu-release/ |website=developer.chrome.com |publisher=Google |access-date=23 February 2024}}</ref>
| {{yes}}
|-
| Goanna || {{yes}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.palemoon.org/releasenotes-archived.shtml|title=v32.1.0 (2023-03-21)|work=Release notes for version 33 releases|date=2023-03-21|access-date=2025-04-17|archive-date=2025-04-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250401032502/https://www.palemoon.org/releasenotes-archived.shtml|publisher=Pale Moon}}</ref> || {{yes}} || {{no}} || {{yes}}
! {{rh}} class="table-rh" | [[Gecko (software)|Gecko]]
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
| {{no}}
| {{yes}}
|-
| NetSurf || {{no}} || {{no}} || {{no}} || {{dunno}}
! {{rh}} class="table-rh" | [[Goanna (software)|Goanna]]
| {{yes}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.palemoon.org/releasenotes.shtml|title=Pale Moon - Release Notes|date=2023-03-21}}</ref>
| {{yes}}
| {{no}}
| {{yes}}
|-
| Trident || {{no}}<ref name="caniusewc">{{cite web|url=https://caniuse.com/custom-elementsv1|title=Custom Elements (V1)|access-date=2025-04-17|website=Can I use...|archive-date=2025-03-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250302025218/https://caniuse.com/custom-elementsv1|url-status=live}}</ref>|| {{yes}}<ref name="caniusewg">{{cite web|url=https://caniuse.com/webgl|title=WebGL - 3D Canvas graphics|access-date=2025-04-17|website=Can I use...|archive-date=2023-07-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230705195206/https://caniuse.com/webgl|url-status=live}}</ref> || {{no}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://caniuse.com/webgpu|title=WebGPU|access-date=2025-04-17|website=Can I use...|archive-date=2025-04-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250405092019/https://caniuse.com/webgpu|url-status=live}}</ref> || {{yes}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://caniuse.com/xhtml|title=XHTML served as application/xhtml+xml|access-date=2025-04-17|website=Can I use...|archive-date=2024-12-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241212101843/https://caniuse.com/xhtml|url-status=live}}</ref>
|}
 
Line 373 ⟶ 144:
 
==Notes==
{{reflist|group="note"}}
{{notelist}}
 
==References==
Line 380 ⟶ 151:
{{Browser engines}}
 
[[Category:LayoutBrowser engines]]
[[Category:Web browser comparisons|engine]]