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{{Use mdy dates|date=October 2024}}
{{Windows 7}}
Some of the '''new features included in [[Windows 7]]''' are advancements in touch, [[speech recognition|speech]]<ref name="SpeechRecognition">{{cite web|url=https://blogs.msdn.microsoft.com/tsfaware/2009/01/29/whats-new-in-windows-speech-recognition/|title=What's new in Windows Speech Recognition?|last=Brown|first=Eric|date=January 29, 2009|work=MSDN Blogs|publisher=[[Microsoft]]|access-date=April 29, 2019|archive-date=July 11, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180711091829/https://blogs.msdn.microsoft.com/tsfaware/2009/01/29/whats-new-in-windows-speech-recognition/|url-status=live}}</ref> and [[handwriting recognition]], support for [[VHD (file format)|virtual hard disks]], support for additional [[file format]]s, improved performance on [[multi-core]] processors,<ref name="ProcessingTweaks">{{cite web |url=https://www.zdnet.com/article/windows-7-to-get-parallel-processing-tweaks/ |title=Windows 7 to get parallel-processing tweaks |last=Foley Jo |first=Mary |author-link=Mary Jo Foley |date=September 30, 2008 |publisher=[[CBS Interactive]] |work=[[ZDNet]] |access-date=June 15, 2015 |archive-date=March 2, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160302032752/http://www.zdnet.com/article/windows-7-to-get-parallel-processing-tweaks/ |url-status=live }}</ref> improved [[booting|boot]] performance, and [[kernel (operating system)|kernel]] improvements.
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====Themes====
Support for themes has been extended in Windows 7.<ref name="AeroThemes">{{cite web|url=http://winsupersite.com/windows-7/windows-7-feature-focus-aero-themes|title=Windows 7 Feature Focus: Aero Themes|last=Thurrott|first=Paul|author-link=Paul Thurrott|date=October 6, 2010|work=SuperSite for Windows|publisher=[[Penton (company)|Penton]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130111083125/http://winsupersite.com/windows-7/windows-7-feature-focus-aero-themes|archive-date=January 11, 2013|access-date=June 26, 2015}}</ref> In addition to providing options to customize colors of window chrome and other aspects of the interface including the desktop background, icons, mouse cursors, and sound schemes, the operating system also includes a native [[#Desktop Slideshow|desktop slideshow]] feature. A new theme pack extension has been introduced, <code>.themepack</code>, which is essentially a collection of [[Cabinet (file format)|cabinet files]] that consist of theme resources including background images, color preferences, desktop icons, mouse cursors, and sound schemes.<ref name="ThemeFiles">{{cite web|url=https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/desktop/Controls/themesfileformat-overview|title=Theme File Format|date=May 31, 2018|work=[[Microsoft Developer Network]]|publisher=[[Microsoft]]|access-date=April 29, 2019|archive-date=April 26, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190426113413/https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/desktop/Controls/themesfileformat-overview|url-status=live}}</ref> The new theme extension simplifies sharing of themes and can also display desktop wallpapers via [[RSS|RSS feeds]] provided by the
The default theme in Windows 7 consists of a single desktop wallpaper named "Harmony" and the default desktop icons, mouse cursors, and sound scheme introduced in Windows Vista; however, none of the desktop backgrounds included with Windows Vista are present in Windows 7. New themes include ''Architecture'', ''Characters'', ''Landscapes'', ''Nature'', and ''Scenes'', and an additional country-specific theme that is determined based on the defined locale when the operating system is installed; although only the theme for a user's home country is displayed within the user interface, the files for all of these other country-specific themes are included in the operating system.<ref name="RegionalThemes">{{cite web |url=http://blog.brothersoft.com/2009/01/18/how-to-activate-all-regional-themes-in-windows-7/ |title=How to Activate All Regional Themes in Windows 7 |publisher=Brothersoft |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090130134256/http://blog.brothersoft.com/2009/01/18/how-to-activate-all-regional-themes-in-windows-7/ |archive-date=January 30, 2009 |url-status=usurped |access-date=June 26, 2015}}</ref> All themes included in Windows 7—excluding the default theme—include six wallpaper images.<ref name="AeroThemes"/> A number of new sound schemes (each associated with an included theme) have also been introduced: ''Afternoon'', ''Calligraphy'', ''Characters'', ''Cityscape'', ''Delta'', ''Festival'', ''Garden'', ''Heritage'', ''Landscape'', ''Quirky'', ''Raga'', ''Savana'', and ''Sonata''.<ref name="ThurrottSounds">{{cite web|url=http://winsupersite.com/windows-7/windows-7-build-7048-notes|title=Windows 7 Build 7048 Notes|last=Thurrott|first=Paul|author-link=Paul Thurrott|date=October 6, 2010|work=SuperSite for Windows|publisher=[[Penton (company)|Penton]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150108110742/http://winsupersite.com/windows-7/windows-7-build-7048-notes|archive-date=January 8, 2015|access-date=June 26, 2015}}</ref><ref name="SoundofWindows">{{cite web |url=http://windowsteamblog.com/windows/b/windowsexperience/archive/2011/01/10/your-pc-is-alive-with-the-sound-of-windows.aspx |title=Your PC is alive...with the sound of Windows! |last=Shepherd |first=Jennifer |date=January 10, 2011 |publisher=[[Microsoft]] |work=The Windows Blog |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110113151944/http://windowsteamblog.com/windows/b/windowsexperience/archive/2011/01/10/your-pc-is-alive-with-the-sound-of-windows.aspx |archive-date=January 13, 2011 |access-date=June 26, 2015}}</ref> Themes may introduce their own custom sounds, which can be used with others themes as well.<ref name="ReusingCustomSounds">{{cite web|url=https://blogs.windows.com/windowsexperience/2011/03/31/windows-7-themes-reusing-custom-sound-schemes/|title=Windows 7 themes: Reusing 'custom' sound-schemes|last=Shepherd|first=Jennifer|date=March 31, 2011|work=Windows Blogs|publisher=[[Microsoft]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190429021921/https://blogs.windows.com/windowsexperience/2011/03/31/windows-7-themes-reusing-custom-sound-schemes/|archive-date=April 29, 2019|url-status=live|access-date=April 29, 2019}}</ref>
====Desktop Slideshow====
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====Federated search====
Windows Explorer also supports federating search to external data sources, such as custom databases or web services, that are exposed over the web and described via an [[OpenSearch (specification)|OpenSearch]] definition. The federated ___location description (called a ''Search Connector'') is provided as an <code>.osdx</code> file. Once installed, the data source becomes queryable directly from Windows Explorer. Windows Explorer features, such as previews and thumbnails, work with the results of a federated search as well.
====Miscellaneous Shell enhancements====
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The [[taskbar|Windows Taskbar]] has seen its most significant revision since its introduction in [[Windows 95]] and combines the previous Quick Launch functionality with open application window icons. The taskbar is now rendered as an Aero Glass element whose color can be changed via the Personalization Control Panel. It is 10 [[pixel]]s taller than in Windows Vista to accommodate touch screen input and a new larger default icon size (although a smaller taskbar size is available), as well as maintain proportion to newer high resolution monitor modes.<ref>{{cite web |first=Long |last=Zheng |url=http://www.istartedsomething.com/20090105/measuring-up-windows-7s-new-super-taskbar/ |title=Measuring up Windows 7′s new "super" taskbar |work=I Started Something |date=5 January 2009 |access-date=24 November 2013 |archive-date=3 December 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131203082636/http://www.istartedsomething.com/20090105/measuring-up-windows-7s-new-super-taskbar/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Running applications are denoted by a border frame around the icon. Within this border, a color effect (dependent on the predominant color of the icon) that follows the mouse cursor also indicates the opened status of the application. The glass taskbar is more translucent than in Windows Vista. Taskbar buttons show icons by default, not application titles, unless they are set to 'not combine', or 'combine when taskbar is full.' In this case, only icons are shown when the application is not running. Programs running or pinned on the taskbar can be rearranged. Items in the notification area can also be rearranged.
{{wide image|Windows 7 Taskbar.png|800px|The default taskbar of Windows 7
====Pinned applications====
The Windows 7 taskbar is more application-oriented than window-oriented, and therefore doesn't show window titles (these are shown when an application icon is clicked or hovered over). Applications can now be pinned to the taskbar allowing the user instant access to the applications they commonly use. There are a few ways to pin applications to the taskbar. Icons can be dragged and dropped onto the taskbar, or the application's icon can be right-clicked to pin it to the taskbar. The Quick Launch toolbar has been removed from the default configuration, but can be manually added back.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.howtogeek.com/howto/windows-7/add-the-quick-launch-bar-to-the-taskbar-in-windows-7/ |title= Add the Quick Launch Bar to the Taskbar in Windows 7 |author= <!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |
[[Image:Windows 7 Aero Peak.png|thumb|left|The Windows 7 taskbar shows a preview of the window.]]
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====Jump lists====
Jump lists are menu options available by right-clicking a taskbar icon or holding the left mouse button and sliding towards the center of the desktop on an icon. Each application has a jump list corresponding to its features, Microsoft Word's displaying recently opened documents; Windows Media Player's recent tracks and playlists; frequently opened directories in [[Windows Explorer]]; Internet Explorer's recent browsing history and options for opening new tabs or starting InPrivate Browsing; Windows Live Messenger's common tasks such as instant messaging, signing off, and changing online status. Third-party software can add custom actions through a dedicated [[API]]. Up to 10 menu items may appear on a list, partially customizable by user. Frequently used files and folders can be pinned by the user as to not get usurped from the list if others are opened more frequently.<ref name=taskbarAPI>{{cite web |last1=Kiriaty |first1=Yochay |last2=Goldshtein |first2=Sasha |title=Windows 7 Taskbar APIs |url=https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/archive/msdn-magazine/2009/brownfield/windows-7-taskbar-apis |website=docs.microsoft.com |access-date=21 August 2021 |language=en-us |date=2009 |archive-date=21 August 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210821123232/https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/archive/msdn-magazine/2009/brownfield/windows-7-taskbar-apis |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://malektips.com/windows-7-jump-list-size-increase-decrease.html |title=Adjust Size of Jump Lists on Windows 7 Taskbar |work=MalekTips.com |publisher=Envision Programming |access-date=24 November 2013 |archive-date=26 April 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140426052052/http://malektips.com/windows-7-jump-list-size-increase-decrease.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
[[Image:Windows 7 Action Center - Balloon.png|left|thumb|The redesigned notification area with balloon notification showing [[Windows security center|Action Center]] messages]]▼
[[Image:Action-centre-warning.PNG|thumb|right|Action Center displaying notification of security threats]]▼
====Task progress====
[[File:Windows 7 Task progress.jpg|left|thumb|A testing program using Task progress]]▼
Progress bar in taskbar's tasks allows users to know the progress of a task without switching to the pending window.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Thurrott|first1=Paul|title=Windows 7 Feature Focus: Windows Taskbar|url=http://winsupersite.com/windows-7/windows-7-feature-focus-windows-taskbar|website=Supersite Windows|access-date=2017-05-03|archive-date=2017-09-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170925152846/http://winsupersite.com/windows-7/windows-7-feature-focus-windows-taskbar|url-status=live}}</ref> Task progress is used in Windows Explorer, Internet Explorer and third-party software.
▲[[File:Windows 7 Task progress.jpg|left|thumb|A testing program using Task progress]]
====Notification area====
▲[[Image:Windows 7 Action Center - Balloon.png
The notification area has been redesigned; the standard Volume, Network, Power and Action Center status icons are present, but no other application icons are shown unless the user has chosen them to be shown. A new "Notification Area Icons" control panel has been added which replaces the "Customize Notification Icons" dialog box in the "Taskbar and Start Menu Properties" window first introduced in [[Windows XP]]. In addition to being able to configure whether the application icons are shown, the ability to hide each application's notification [[Balloon help|balloons]] has been added. The user can then view the notifications at a later time.
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</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Mukherjee|first=Abhijeet|title=15 Killer Windows 7 Keyboard Shortcuts That Might Surprise You|url=http://www.guidingtech.com/4535/windows-7-keyboard-shortcut/|publisher=Guiding Tech|access-date=13 October 2012|archive-date=29 September 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120929063238/http://www.guidingtech.com/4535/windows-7-keyboard-shortcut/|url-status=live}}</ref>▼
▲<ref>{{cite web|last=Mukherjee|first=Abhijeet|title=15 Killer Windows 7 Keyboard Shortcuts That Might Surprise You|url=http://www.guidingtech.com/4535/windows-7-keyboard-shortcut/|publisher=Guiding Tech|access-date=13 October 2012|archive-date=29 September 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120929063238/http://www.guidingtech.com/4535/windows-7-keyboard-shortcut/|url-status=live}}</ref>
Global keyboard shortcuts:
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===Hibernation improvements===
The
===Power analysis and reporting===
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===DirectX===
* [[Direct3D 11]] is included with Windows 7. It is a strict super-set of Direct3D 10.1, which was introduced in Windows Vista Service Pack 1 and Windows Server 2008.
* [[Direct2D]] and [[DirectWrite]], new [[hardware acceleration|hardware-accelerated]] [[vector graphics]] and [[font rendering]] [[API]]s built on top of Direct3D 10 that are intended to replace [[Graphics Device Interface|GDI]]/GDI+ for screen-oriented native-code graphics and text drawing. They can be used from managed applications with the [http://code.msdn.microsoft.com/WindowsAPICodePack Windows API Code Pack] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110214011000/http://code.msdn.microsoft.com/WindowsAPICodePack |date=February 14, 2011 }}
* [[Windows Advanced Rasterization Platform]] (WARP), a software rasterizer component for DirectX that provides all of the capabilities of Direct3D 10.0 and 10.1 in software.<ref>
{{cite web
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Windows 7 also makes use of the [[Trim (computing)|TRIM command]]. If supported by the SSD (not implemented on early devices), this optimizes when erase cycles are performed, reducing the need to erase blocks before each write and increasing write performance.
Several tools and techniques that were implemented in the past to reduce the impact of the [[rotational latency]] of traditional HDDs, most notably [[defragmentation|disk defragmentation]], [[Windows Vista I/O technologies#SuperFetch|SuperFetch]], [[ReadyBoost]], and application launch [[prefetcher|prefetching]], involve reorganizing (rewriting) the data on the platters. Since SSDs have no moving platters, this reorganization has no advantages, and may instead shorten the life of the solid state memory. Therefore, these tools are by default disabled on SSDs in Windows 7, except for some early generation SSDs that might still benefit.
Finally, [[Disk partitioning|partitions]] made with Windows 7's partition-creating tools are created with the SSD's alignment needs in mind, avoiding unwanted systematic write amplification.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://blogs.msdn.microsoft.com/e7/2009/05/05/support-and-qa-for-solid-state-drives/|title=Engineering Windows 7 : Support and Q&A for Solid-State Drives|last=Sinofsky|first=Steven|author-link=Steven Sinofsky|date=May 5, 2009|website=MSDN Blogs|access-date=April 29, 2019|archive-date=February 14, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190214010034/https://blogs.msdn.microsoft.com/e7/2009/05/05/support-and-qa-for-solid-state-drives/|url-status=live}}</ref>
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}}</ref>
* Support for up to 256 logical processors<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.engadget.com/2008/10/28/windows-7-details-galore-interface-tweaks-netbook-builds-medi/ |title=Windows 7 details galore: interface tweaks, netbook builds, Media Center enhancements |date=October 28, 2008 |access-date=2017-08-27 |archive-date=2017-12-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171214042111/https://www.engadget.com/2008/10/28/windows-7-details-galore-interface-tweaks-netbook-builds-medi/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
* Fewer hardware locks and greater parallelism<ref>{{cite web
|url=http://blogs.msdn.com/philpenn/archive/2009/01/02/fewer-hardware-locks-and-greater-parallelism.aspx
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==Security==
[[Image:Action Center on Windows 7.png|thumb|left|The new Action Center which replaces Windows Security Center]]
▲[[Image:Action-centre-warning.PNG|thumb|right|Action Center displaying notification of security threats]]
[[Security and Maintenance#Windows 7|Action Center]], formerly Windows Security Center, now encompasses both [[computer security|security]] and [[computer maintenance|maintenance]]. It was called Windows Health Center and Windows Solution Center in earlier builds.{{Citation needed|date=October 2014}}
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==Networking==
* [[DirectAccess]], a [[virtual private network|VPN]] tunnel technology based on [[IPv6]] and [[IPsec]]. DirectAccess requires ___domain-joined machines, Windows Server 2008 R2 on the DirectAccess server, at least Windows Server 2008 [[___domain controllers]] and a [[public key infrastructure|PKI]] to issue authentication certificates.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/previous-versions/windows/it-pro/windows-7/dd367855(v=ws.10)|title=What's New in Windows 7 Networking|date=September 12, 2012|work=[[Microsoft TechNet|TechNet]]|publisher=[[Microsoft]]|access-date=April 29, 2019|archive-date=April 28, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190428232750/https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/previous-versions/windows/it-pro/windows-7/dd367855(v=ws.10)|url-status=live}}</ref>
* BranchCache, a [[WAN optimization]] technology.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd637832(WS.10).aspx |title=Branch Cache Overview |date=September 12, 2012 |access-date=2017-08-26 |archive-date=2017-08-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170826201357/https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd637832(WS.10).aspx |url-status=live }}</ref>
* The [[Bluetooth]] stack includes improvements introduced in the Windows Vista Feature Pack for Wireless, namely, Bluetooth 2.1+EDR support and remote wake from S3 or S4 support for self-powered Bluetooth modules.<ref name="MSBTFAQ">{{Cite web |url=http://download.microsoft.com/download/9/c/5/9c5b2167-8017-4bae-9fde-d599bac8184a/Bth_FAQ.docx |title=Bluetooth Wireless Technology FAQ |access-date=2010-03-16 |archive-date=2018-12-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181223163558/http://download.microsoft.com/download/9/c/5/9c5b2167-8017-4bae-9fde-d599bac8184a/Bth_FAQ.docx |url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[Network Driver Interface Specification|NDIS]] 6.20<ref name=NDIS>{{cite web|url=http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd568055.aspx|title=Windows Driver Kit – Introducing NDIS 6.20|publisher=MSDN|access-date=14 June 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090728215656/http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd568055.aspx|archive-date=28 July 2009|url-status=dead}}</ref> (Network Driver Interface Specification)
* [[WWAN]] (Mobile broadband) support (driver model based on NDIS miniport driver for CDMA and GSM device interfaces, Connection Manager support and Mobile Broadband COM and COM Interop API).
* Wireless Hosted Network capabilities: The Windows 7 [[Wireless Zero Configuration|wireless LAN service]] supports two new functions – Virtual Wi-Fi, that allows a single [[wireless network]] adapter to act like two client devices,<ref name=VWiFi>{{cite web|url=https://www.engadget.com/2009/05/18/microsofts-virtual-wifi-will-make-windows-7-wireless-adapters-d/|title=Microsoft's Virtual WiFi will make Windows 7 wireless adapters do a double-take|date=May 18, 2009 |access-date=2017-08-27|archive-date=2017-08-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170810171356/https://www.engadget.com/2009/05/18/microsofts-virtual-wifi-will-make-windows-7-wireless-adapters-d/|url-status=live}}</ref> or a software-based wireless access point (SoftAP) to act as both a [[wireless hotspot]] in infrastructure mode and a wireless client at the same time.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.theregister.co.uk/2009/10/30/windows_7/|title=Hack slots hotspots into Windows 7|author=Bill Ray|website=[[The Register]] |date=30 October 2009|access-date=31 October 2009|archive-date=2 November 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091102012011/http://www.theregister.co.uk/2009/10/30/windows_7/|url-status=live}}</ref> This feature is not exposed through the GUI; however the ''Virtual WiFi Miniport adapter'' can be installed and enabled for wireless adapters with drivers that support a hosted network by using the command ''netsh wlan set hostednetwork mode=allow "ssid=<network SSID>" "key=<wlan security key>" keyusage=persistent|temporary'' at an elevated command prompt.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd815243(VS.85).aspx |title=About the Wireless Hosted Network |access-date=2009-10-31 |archive-date=2009-10-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091030081941/http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd815243(VS.85).aspx |url-status=live }}</ref> The wireless SoftAP can afterwards be started using the command ''netsh wlan start hostednetwork''. Windows 7 also supports WPA2-PSK/AES security for the hosted network, but DNS resolution for clients requires it to be used with [[Internet Connection Sharing]] or a similar feature.
* SMB 2.1, which includes minor performance enhancements over [[Server Message Block|SMB]]2, such as a new opportunistic locking mechanism.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.microsoft.com/downloads/details.aspx?displaylang=en&FamilyID=d8541618-5c63-4c4d-a0fd-d942cd3d2ec6|publisher=[[Microsoft]]|access-date=2 November 2009|date=21 October 2009|title=Implementing an End-User Data Centralization Solution|pages=10–11|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100906141857/http://www.microsoft.com/downloads/details.aspx?displaylang=en&FamilyID=d8541618-5c63-4c4d-a0fd-d942cd3d2ec6|archive-date=6 September 2010}}</ref>
* RDP 7.0<ref>{{cite web|url=https://support.microsoft.com/en-gb/help/969084/description-of-the-remote-desktop-connection-7-0-client-update-for-rem|title=Description of the Remote Desktop Connection 7.0 client update for Remote Desktop Services (RDS) for Windows XP SP3, Windows Vista SP1, and Windows Vista SP2|date=October 27, 2009|website=Microsoft Support|publisher=[[Microsoft]]|access-date=April 29, 2019|archive-date=January 27, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190127195825/https://support.microsoft.com/en-gb/help/969084/description-of-the-remote-desktop-connection-7-0-client-update-for-rem/|url-status=live}}</ref>
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