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Line 1: {{Short description\|JavaScript application programming interface}} The '''Indexed Database API''' (commonly referred to as '''IndexedDB''') is a [[JavaScript]] [[application programming interface]] (API) provided by [[web browser]]s for managing a [[NoSQL]] [[database]] of [[JSON]] objects. It is a standard maintained by the [[World Wide Web Consortium]] (W3C).<ref>{{cite web\|url = http://www.w3.org/TR/IndexedDB/\|title = IndexedDB API\|publisher = W3.org\|date = \|accessdate = 2015-12-04}}</ref>▼ {{Infobox technology standard \| title = IndexedDB \| long_name = Indexed Database API \| native_name = Indexed Database API \| native_name_lang = en \| image = \| caption = \| status = [[World Wide Web Consortium#Working draft (WD)\|First Public Working Draft]] \| year_started = <!-- {{Start date\|YYYY\|MM\|DD\|df=y}} --> \| first_published = <!-- {{Start date\|YYYY\|MM\|DD\|df=y}} --> \| version = 3.0 \| version_date = 11 March 2021<ref name="standard">{{Cite web\|url=https://www.w3.org/TR/IndexedDB/\|title=Indexed Database API 3.0\|editor-first=Ali\|editor-last=Alabbas\|editor-first2=Joshua\|editor-last2=Bell\|author=Web Applications Working Group\|publisher=Web Applications Working Group\|website=W3C\|version=W3C First Public Working Draft\|date=2021-03-11\|access-date=2021-05-15}}</ref> \| preview = Editor's Draft \| preview_date = 11 March 2021<ref name="standard-draft">{{Cite web\|url=https://w3c.github.io/IndexedDB/\|title=Indexed Database API 3.0\|editor-first=Ali\|editor-last=Alabbas\|editor-first2=Joshua\|editor-last2=Bell\|author=Web Applications Working Group\|publisher=Web Applications Working Group\|website=W3C\|version=Editor's Draft\|date=2021-03-11\|access-date=2021-05-15}}</ref> \| organization = {{Plainlist\| * {{abbr\|[[World Wide Web Consortium\|W3C]]\|World Wide Web Consortium}} * [[Google]] * [[Microsoft]] * [[Mozilla]]<ref name="standard-v2" /> * [[Oracle Corporation\|Oracle]]<ref name="standard-2015">{{Cite web\|url=https://www.w3.org/TR/2015/REC-IndexedDB-20150108/#h-acknowledgements\|title=Indexed Database API\|date=2015-01-08\|access-date=2022-04-21}}</ref> }} \| committee = Web Applications Working Group \| editors = {{Plainlist\| * Ali Alabbas<ref name="standard" /> * Joshua Bell<ref name="standard" /> }} {{Collapsible list\|title=Previous editors\| * Nikunj Mehta * Jonas Sicking * Eliot Graff * Andrei Popescu * Jeremy Orlow }} \| authors = \| base_standards = {{Plainlist\| * [[Document Object Model\|HTML DOM]] * [[HTML5 File API\|File API]] * Infra Standard * [[JSON]] * Storage Standard }} \| related_standards = {{Plainlist\| * [[HTTP cookie]] * [[Web SQL Database]] }} \| abbreviation = IndexedDB \| ___domain = [[NoSQL]] [[database]]s \| license = \| website = {{URL\|https://www.w3.org/TR/IndexedDB/}} }} ▲The '''Indexed Database API''' (commonly referred to as '''IndexedDB''') is a [[JavaScript]] [[application programming interface]] (API) provided by [[web browser]]s for managing a [[NoSQL]] [[database]] of ~~[[JSON]]~~ objects. It is a standard maintained by the [[World Wide Web Consortium]] (W3C).<ref~~>{{cite web\|url~~ name="standard" ~~http:~~/~~/www.w3.org/TR/IndexedDB/\|title = IndexedDB API\|publisher = W3.org\|date = \|accessdate = 2015-12-04}}</ref~~> As an alternative to the [[Web storage]] standard, IndexedDB can provide more storage capacity. Web storage has [[Web_storage#Storage_size\|fixed limits]] per [[website]], but IndexedDB limits are "usually quite large, if they exist at all".<ref>{{cite web \|title=Working with IndexedDB \|url=https://developers.google.com/web/ilt/pwa/working-with-indexeddb \|publisher=Google \|accessdate=19 January 2019}}</ref> As an alternative to the [[~~Use~~Web ~~case~~storage]]s ~~for~~standard, IndexedDB ~~include~~can ~~caching~~provide more storage capacity. Web storage has [[~~web~~Web storage#Storage size\|fixed ~~application~~limits]] ~~data for~~per [[~~offline~~website]], but IndexedDB limits are "usually quite large, if they exist at ~~availability~~all".<ref>{{cite web \|title=~~Using~~Working with IndexedDB \|url=https://~~developer~~developers.~~mozilla~~google.~~org~~com/~~en-US~~web/~~docs~~ilt/~~Web~~pwa/~~API/IndexedDB_API/Using_IndexedDB \|website=MDN~~working-with-indexeddb \|publisher=~~Mozilla~~Google Inc. \|~~accessdate~~access-date=19 January 2019}}</ref> ~~Some browser modules, such as [[Web development tools\|devtools]] or [[browser extension\|extensions]], may also use it for storage.~~ [[Use case]]s for IndexedDB include caching [[web application]] data for [[offline]] availability.<ref>{{cite web \|title=Using IndexedDB \|url=https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/IndexedDB_API/Using_IndexedDB \|website=MDN \|publisher=Mozilla \|access-date=19 January 2019}}</ref> Some browser modules, such as [[Web development tools\|devtools]] or [[browser extension\|extensions]], may also use it for storage. ==History== Support for IndexedDB was added to [[Firefox]] version 4,<ref>{{cite web \|url=https://developer.mozilla.org/en/IndexedDB \|title=IndexedDB - MDC Doc Center \|publisher=Developer.mozilla.org \|access-date~~= \|accessdate~~=2011-02-18 \|archive-date=2012-05-26 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120526230025/https://developer.mozilla.org/en/IndexedDB \|url-status=dead }}</ref> [[Google Chrome]] version 11,<ref>{{cite web\|url=https://~~www~~chromestatus.~~chromium.org~~com/~~developers~~feature/~~web-platform-status#TOC-Indexed-Database-API-~~ 6507459568992256\|title=~~Web~~IndexedDB - Chrome Platform Status\|website=IndexedDB - Chrome Platform Status\|publisher=The Chromium Projects \|date=2012-05-21 \|~~accessdate~~access-date=~~2012~~2021-05-2415}}</ref> ~~and~~ [[Internet Explorer]] version 10.,<ref>{{citation \|url=http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ie/hh673548(v=vs.85).aspx \|title=IndexedDB \|publisher=MSDN \|date=2012-03-14 \|~~accessdate~~access-date=2012-05-24}}</ref> [[Safari]] ~~eventually~~(web ~~added support in~~browser)\|Safari]] version 8.,<ref>{{cite web\|url=https://developer.apple.com/library/content/releasenotes/MacOSX/WhatsNewInOSX/Articles/MacOSX10_10.html#//apple_ref/doc/uid/TP40014484-SW1\|title=~~What's~~OS ~~New~~X inYosemite ~~macOS~~v10.10 § App Features\|publisher=Apple \|~~date~~website=Apple Developers\|~~accessdate~~date=2017-07-09\|access-date=2021-05-15}}</ref> and [[Microsoft Edge]] version 12.<ref name="caniuse-indexeddb">{{Cite web\|url=https://caniuse.com/indexeddb\|title=IndexedDB\|website=Can I use...\|date=n.d.\|access-date=2021-05-16}}</ref> [[Web SQL Database]] was a prior ~~database storage mechanism~~API developed by [[Apple Inc.\|Apple]].<ref>{{cite web\|last=Shankland \|first=Stephen \|url=~~http~~https://~~news~~www.cnet.com/~~8301~~news/consensus-~~30685_3~~emerges-~~20000376~~for-~~264.html~~ key-web-app-standard/\|title=Consensus emerges for key Web app standard \| Deep Tech - CNET News \|publisher=News.cnet.com \|date=2010-03-12 \|~~accessdate~~access-date=2011-02-18}}</ref> But Firefox refused to add support for it, and argued against it becoming a standard because it would codify the quirks of [[SQLite]].<ref>{{cite web\|url=~~http~~https://~~weblogs~~robert.~~mozillazine~~ocallahan.org/~~roc~~2010/~~archives~~06/not-implementing-features-is-hard_03.html\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201109032423/http://robert.ocallahan.org/2010/06/~~not_implementin~~not-implementing-features-is-hard_03.html \|title=Well, I'm Back: Not Implementing Features Is Hard \|author-first=Robert\|author-last=O'Callahan\|publisher=Weblogs.mozillazine.org \|date= 2010-06-04\|~~accessdate~~access-date=2011-02-18\|archive-date=2020-11-09}}</ref><ref>[{{Cite web\|url=https://hacks.mozilla.org/2010/06/beyond-html5-database-apis-and-the-road-to-indexeddb/ \|title=Beyond HTML5: Database APIs and the Road to IndexedDB] – Mozilla Hacks - the Web developer blog\|website=Mozilla Hacks – the Web developer blog\|author-first=Arun\|author-last=Ranganathan\|date=2010-06-01\|access-date=2021-05-21}}</ref> soIt itwas ~~is now~~thus [[deprecation\|deprecated]] in favor of IndexedDB.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com/questions/220254/why-is-web-sql-database-deprecated\|title=html5 - Why is Web SQL database deprecated?\|website=Software Engineering Stack Exchange}}</ref> ''IndexedDB 1.0'' became a [[World Wide Web Consortium#W3C recommendation (REC)\|W3C Recommendation]] on January 8, 2015.<ref name="standard-v1">{{Cite web\|url=https://www.w3.org/TR/2015/REC-IndexedDB-20150108/\|title=Indexed Database API\|date=2015-01-08\|access-date=2021-05-16\|publisher=Web Applications Working Group\|author=Web Applications Working Group\|website=W3C\|version=W3C Recommendation \|editor-first1=Nikunj\|editor-last1=Mehta \|editor-first2=Jonas\|editor-last2=Sicking \|editor-first3=Eliot\|editor-last3=Graff \|editor-first4=Andrei\|editor-last4=Popescu \|editor-first5=Jeremy\|editor-last5=Orlow \|editor-first6=Joshua\|editor-last6=Bell }}</ref> ''IndexedDB 2.0'' became a W3C Recommendation on January 30, 2018.<ref name="w3c-blog-indexeddb-2.0">{{Cite web\|url=https://www.w3.org/blog/news/archives/6795\|title=Indexed Database API 2.0 is now a W3C Recommendation {{!}} W3C News\|website=W3C News\|author=W3C\|date=2018-01-30\|access-date=2021-05-16}}</ref><ref name="standard-v2">{{Cite web\|url=https://www.w3.org/TR/IndexedDB-2/\|title=Indexed Database API 2.0\|date=2018-01-30\|access-date=2021-05-16\|publisher=Web Applications Working Group\|author=Web Applications Working Group\|website=W3C\|version=W3C Recommendation \|editor-first=Ali\|editor-last=Alabbas \|editor-first2=Joshua\|editor-last2=Bell }}</ref> ''IndexedDB 3.0'' was released as a [[World Wide Web Consortium#Working draft (WD)\|First Public Working Draft]] on 11 March 2021 and remains as a Working Draft {{As of\|2024\|12\|3\|lc=y}}.<ref>{{Cite web \|date=2024-11-07 \|title=Indexed Database API 3.0 publication history \|url=https://www.w3.org/standards/history/IndexedDB-3/ \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241203185526/https://www.w3.org/standards/history/IndexedDB-3/ \|archive-date=2024-12-03 \|access-date=2024-12-03 \|website=W3C \|language=en}}</ref> ==Performance== Because IndexedDB is running inside of the security sandbox of a browser, all operations have to go through various security layers which decreases the performance of IndexedDB. With IndexedDB 2.0<ref name="w3c-blog-indexeddb-2.0">{{Cite web\|url=https://www.w3.org/blog/news/archives/6795\|title=Indexed Database API 2.0 is now a W3C Recommendation {{!}} W3C News\|website=W3C News\|author=W3C\|date=2018-01-30\|access-date=2021-05-16}}</ref> the getAll() method was added which allows to improve performance on bulk read operations. ==References== {{Reflist}} ==External links== * [https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/IndexedDB_API IndexedDB API] on [[MDN Web Docs]] * [https://nolanlawson.github.io/database-comparison/ Browser database comparison] {{Web browsers\|fsp}} {{Web interfaces}} {{W3C standards}} ~~{{DEFAULTSORT:Indexed Database Api}}~~ [[Category:World Wide Web Consortium standards]] [[Category:Database APIs]] [[Category:Web technology]]