Dialogue with Trypho: Difference between revisions

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[[File:Justin Martyr.jpg|thumb|Justin Martyr]]

The '''''Dialogue with Trypho''''', alongis an extant second-century [[Christianity|Christian]] [[Christian apologetics|apologetic]] text by theologian [[Justin Martyr]]. Along with thehis [[First Apology of Justin Martyr|First]] and [[Second Apology of Justin Martyr|Second]] Apologies, it is a second-century [[Christianity|Christian]] [[Christian apologetics|apologetic]] text, usually agreed to be dated in between AD 155-160. It is seen as documenting the attempts by theologian [[Justin Martyr]] to show that Christianity is the new law for all men, and to prove from Scripture that Jesus is [[Messiah in Judaism|the Messiah]].<ref name=Ron48>''Reading the Old Testament with the Ancient Church: Exploring the Formation of Early Christian Thought''; by Ronald E. Heine (Sep 1, 2007) pages 48-52</ref>

The ''Dialogue'' utilizes the literary device of an intellectual conversation between Justin and Trypho, a [[Jews|Jew]]. The concluding section propounds that the Christians are the "true" people of [[God]].

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==Identity of Trypho==

The identity of Trypho as [[rabbiRabbi]] [[Tarfon]] - the [[Hebrew language|Hebrew]] name 'Tarfon' itself is likely derived from Greek Trifon (Trypho) - has been proposed, but many Jewish scholars do not accept thethis notion that Justin Martyr's Trypho is Tarfon.<ref name=Claudia215>Claudia Setzer, ''Jewish Responses to Early Christians'' (Nov 1, 1994) {{ISBN|080062680X}}, p. 215</ref> They instead consider Trypho a fictional character invented by Justin for his literary purposes.<ref name=Claudia215/><ref name=Larry493>Larry R. Helyer, ''Exploring Jewish Literature of the Second Temple Period'' (Jul 5, 2002) {{ISBN|0830826785}}, p. 493</ref>

==Setting and structure==

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==Authenticity==

{{Unreferenced section|date=May 2018}}

The ''Dialogue with Trypho'' and the two ''Apologies'' are universally accepted by scholars as authentic works of Justin. Though they are preserved only in the ''[[Sacra parallela]]'', they were known to [[Tatian]], [[Methodius of Olympus]], and [[Eusebius]] and their influence is traceable in [[Athenagoras of Athens|Athenagoras]], [[Theophilus of Antioch]], the Pseudo-Melito, and especially [[Tertullian]]. Eusebius speaks of two ''Apologies'', but he quotes them both as one, which indeed they are in substance. The identity of authorship is backed up not only by the reference in chapter 120 of the ''Dialogue'' to the ''Apology,'' but by the unity of treatment. Zahn showed that the ''Dialogue'' was originally divided into two books, that there is a considerable lacuna in chapter 74, as well as at the beginning, and that it is probably based on an actual occurrence at [[Ephesus]], the personality of the Rabbi [[Tarfon]] being employed, though in a Hellenized form.

==Editions==

===English===

* {{ws|{{cite book |author=Justin Martyr |translator-first=George |translator-last=Reith |chapter=[[s:Ante-Nicene Christian Library/Dialogue with Trypho|Dialogue with Trypho]] |editor-first1=Alexander |editor-last1=Roberts |editor-first2=James |editor-last2=Donaldson |title=Ante-Nicene Christian Library |___location=Edinburgh |publisher=T. & T. Clark |year=1885<!--probably earlier--> |volume=II}}}}

* {{cite book |author=Justin Martyr |url=http://pvspade.com/Logic/docs/justin.pdf |title=Dialogue with Trypho, a Jew |translator-first=Paul Vincent |translator-last=Spade |yeardate=22 July 1995 | publication-place=Bloomington, Indiana, USA | publisher=Paul Vincent Spade | url-status=dead | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080511223131/http://pvspade.com/Logic/docs/justin.pdf | archive-date=2008-05-11}}, from the Greek text in {{harvnb|van Winden|1971}}.

===Greek===