ISRO Telemetry, Tracking and Command Network: Difference between revisions

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{{Short description|Indian space research network}}

The [[Indian Space Research Organization]] (ISRO), over the years, established a comprehensive network of ground stations to provide Telemetry, Tracking and Command (TTC) support to [[satellite]] and [[launch vehicle]] missions. These facilities are grouped under '''ISRO Telemetry, Tracking and Command Network''' (ISTRAC){{citation needed (lead)|date=October 2014}} with its headquarters at [[Bangalore]], India.

[[File:A view of Mission Operations Complex 1 (MOX-1) at ISTRAC, Peenya before commencement of fourth orbit raising burn for Chandrayaan-2.jpg|thumb|A view of Mission Operations Complex - 1 (MOX-1) at ISTRAC before commencement of an orbit raising burn for [[Chandrayaan-2]].]]

TheOver the years, [[Indian Space Research OrganizationISRO]] (ISRO), over the years,has established a comprehensive global network of ground stations to provide Telemetry, Tracking and Command (TTC) support to [[satellite]] and [[launch vehicle]] missions. These facilities are grouped under '''ISRO Telemetry, Tracking and Command Network''' (ISTRAC){{citation needed (lead)|date=October 2014}} with its headquarters at [[Bangalore]], India.

==Facilities==

ISTRAC has several facilities as of November 2013:{{citation needed|date=December 2013}}

* ISTRAC facilities in Bangalore consistsconsist of TTC ground station (BLR) with full redundancy multi-mission Spacecraft Control Center to carryoutcarry out and control spacecraft operations and co-ordinate with the network stations. Computer facility with distributed architecture providing independent processors for communications handling, dedicated processors to provide real-time displays for individual spacecraft missions and off-line processors for carrying out spacecraft data archival, analysis and orbit determination.

* Communication Control facility to establish links between [[Spacecraft Control Centre|SCC]] and ISTRAC network stations as well as control centers of other participating external space agencies and data receptions stations through dedicated voice, data and TTY links.

* Communication Control facility to establish links between SCC and ISTRAC network stations as well as control centers of other participating external space agencies and data receptions stations through dedicated voice, data and TTY links.

* Limited TTC facility to provide on orbit operational support to INSAT satellites as back up to [[INSAT Master Control Facility]] at [[Hassan]].

==Mission==

The mission of the ISTRAC includes:{{citation needed|date=December 2013}}

*Tracking, commanding and housekeeping data acquisition as well as health analysis and control, orbit and attitude determination and network co-ordination support to all [[low Earth orbit]] satellite missions of ISRO throughout their mission life.

*Telemetry data acquisition support for ISRO launch vehicle missions from liftoff until satellite acquisition and down range tracking support for monitoring and determining the satellite injection parameters.

*Coordinating between spacecraft and launch vehicle teams, supporting ground stations right from planning till the completion of mission for the national and international satellite missions.

*Telemetry, tracking and command support for the International satellite launch projects.

==Ground Stations==

ISTRAC has the following TTC ground stations:<ref name=irso17j>{{cite web |title=Indian Deep Space Network (IDSN) |url=http://www.isro.org/chandrayaan/htmls/ground_segment_spacenetwork.htm |publisher=ISRO |accessdateaccess-date=17 January 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131022161359/http://isro.org/chandrayaan/htmls/ground_segment_spacenetwork.htm |archive-date=22 October 2013 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

*[[Hyderabad, India|Hyderabad]]

===India===

*[[Bangalore]]

*[[Hyderabad, India|Hyderabad]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Aboutus_Org_DRS {{!}} NRSC Web Site |url=https://www.nrsc.gov.in/Aboutus_NRSC_DRS?language_content_entity=en |access-date=2023-09-30 |website=www.nrsc.gov.in |archive-date=2023-01-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230116212238/https://www.nrsc.gov.in/Aboutus_NRSC_DRS?language_content_entity=en |url-status=live }}</ref>

*[[Bangalore]], also hosts the Indian [[Spacecraft Control Centre]]<ref name=toi100713/>

*[[Lucknow]]

*[[Port Blair| Sri Vijayapuram]]

*[[Sriharikota]]

*[[Thiruvananthapuram]]

*[[Bharati (research station)|Bharti research station (AGEOS), Antarctica]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Aboutus_Org_DRS {{!}} NRSC Web Site |url=https://www.nrsc.gov.in/Aboutus_NRSC_DRS?language_content_entity=en |access-date=2023-09-30 |website=www.nrsc.gov.in |archive-date=2023-01-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230116212238/https://www.nrsc.gov.in/Aboutus_NRSC_DRS?language_content_entity=en |url-status=live }}</ref>

===Telemetry, Tracking and Command (TTC)Global Stations===

*[[Port Louis]], [[Mauritius]]

*[[Bear Lakes (Russia)|Bear Lakes]], [[Russia]] (Медвежьи Озера, Medvezhi Ozera), operating the [[RT-64]] antenna

*[[Bearslake]], [[Russia]]

*[[Biak]], [[Indonesia]]

*[[Brunei]]<ref>{{cite web |url=https://borneobulletin.com.bn/brunei-india-sign-mou-for-cooperation-in-space-research-field/ |title=Brunei, India sign MoU for cooperation in space research field &#124; Borneo Bulletin Online |website=borneobulletin.com.bn |access-date=14 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180723113544/https://borneobulletin.com.bn/brunei-india-sign-mou-for-cooperation-in-space-research-field/ |archive-date=23 July 2018 |url-status=dead}}</ref>

*[[Brunei]]

*[[Svalbard]], [[Norway]]

*[[Troll (research station)|Troll]], [[Antarctica]]<ref name=toi100713>[https://web.archive.org/web/20110811083318/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2010-07-13/india/28284987_1_cartosat-2b-isro-chairman-k-radhakrishnan-synthetic-aperture-radar 10 eyes in the sky give India space edge]</ref>

*[[Vietnam]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=ISRO Developing Station in Vietnam|url=https://pib.gov.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?relid=137666|access-date=2021-03-29|website=pib.gov.in|archive-date=2021-11-23|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211123021225/https://pib.gov.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?relid=137666|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Torode|first=Sanjeev Miglani, Greg|date=2016-01-25|title=India to build satellite tracking station in Vietnam that offers eye on China|language=en|work=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/india-vietnam-satellite-china-idINKCN0V309W|access-date=2021-03-29|archive-date=2021-07-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210701091713/https://www.reuters.com/article/india-vietnam-satellite-china-idINKCN0V309W|url-status=live}}</ref>

*[[Gatun Lake]], [[Panama]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.reddit.com/r/ISRO/comments/3r7s4e/and_another_ground_station_for_isro_seems_to_be/|title=And another ground station for Isro seems to be in works. This time around probably in Panama. : ISRO}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.isro.gov.in/sites/default/files/tenders/EOI%20%20-%20%2011m%20antenna_0.pdf |title=Expression Of Interest |website=www.isro.gov.in |access-date=2021-04-01 |archive-date=2016-10-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161027123740/http://www.isro.gov.in/sites/default/files/tenders/EOI%20%20-%20%2011m%20antenna_0.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref>

*[[São Tomé and Príncipe]], [[West Africa]]<ref>{{Cite web|last=Sheldon|first=John|date=2018-09-12|title=São Tomé And Príncipe Signs Space Agreement With India|url=https://spacewatch.global/2018/09/sao-tome-and-principe-signs-space-agreement-with-india/|access-date=2021-03-29|website=SpaceWatch.Global|language=en-US|archive-date=2018-09-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180916202435/https://spacewatch.global/2018/09/sao-tome-and-principe-signs-space-agreement-with-india/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Africa|first=Space in|date=2018-09-09|title=India and Republic of Sao Tome and Principe sign MoU to set up Space centre|url=https://africanews.space/india-and-republic-of-sao-tomi-and-principe-sign-mou-to-set-up-space-centre/|access-date=2021-03-29|website=Space in Africa|language=en-US|archive-date=2018-09-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180916202126/https://africanews.space/india-and-republic-of-sao-tomi-and-principe-sign-mou-to-set-up-space-centre/|url-status=live}}</ref>

==See also==

*[[Indian Deep Space Network]]

*[[European Space Tracking]]

*[[NASA Deep Space Network]]

*[[Near Earth Network]]

*[[Space Network]]

==References==

{{Reflist|2}}

==External links==

* [httphttps://isrowww.istrac.gov.in/centers/cen_tracindex.htmhtml ISRO Telemetry, Tracking and Command Network (ISTRAC) - Official Website]

* [http://istrac.vsnl.net.in/ ISTRAC - Mission]

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