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{{short description|Hyperbolic comet}}
{{For|other comets discovered by the Asteroid Terrestrial-impact Last Alert System|Comet ATLAS}}
{{Infobox comet
| name = C/2019 E3 (ATLAS)
| discovery_ref = {{r|CBET_4615|MPEC_2019-F54}}
| discoverer = D. Young
| discovery_site = [[Asteroid Terrestrial-impact Last Alert System|ATLAS]]–[[Mauna Loa Observatory|MLO]] ([[List of observatory codes|T08]])
| discovery_date = 5 March 2019
| designations = CK19E030<br>A10ckQ4{{r|baa-2019}}
| orbit_ref = {{r|jpl}}
| epoch = 17 May 2022 ([[Julian day|JD]] 2459716.5)
| observation_arc = 4,667 days (12.78 years)
| earliest_precovery_date = 19 March 2012
| obs = 980
| perihelion = 10.314 AU
| aphelion =
| semimajor = {{small|Barycentric:}}<br>~32,600 AU
| period =
| eccentricity = 1.00154
| inclination = 84.298°
| asc_node = 347.25°
| arg_peri = 280.66°
| mean = –0.001°
| tjup = 0.417
| Earth_moid = 10.07 AU
| Jupiter_moid = 8.331 AU
| physical_ref = {{r|jpl|Hui_2024}}
| mean_diameter = ~{{cvt|3.0|km|mi}}
| M1 = 6.4
| M2 = 7.8
| magnitude =
| last_p = 14 November 2023
| next_p =
}}
'''Comet ATLAS''', formally designated as '''C/2019 E3''', is an [[Oort cloud]] [[comet]] with a very distant perihelion of {{convert|10.30|AU|e9km|abbr=unit}}, the third known comet with a perihelion distance beyond 10 AU after [[167P/CINEOS]] and [[C/2003 A2 (Gleason)]].{{r|jpl|Fernandez_2019}}
Precovery observations of this comet all the way to 2016 (and later 2012){{r|jpl}} have revealed that the comet had produced some cometary activity more than {{convert|20|AU|e9km|abbr=unit}} from the [[Sun]], making it the fourth known distant comet to produce such activity at large distances after [[C/2010 U3 (Boattini)]], [[C/2014 UN271 (Bernardinelli–Bernstein)]], and [[C/2017 K2 (PanSTARRS)]].{{r|Hui_2024}}
== References ==
{{Reflist|refs=
<ref name="baa-2019">{{cite web
| author1= J. Shanklin
| title= BAA Comet Section: Comets in 2019
| url= https://people.ast.cam.ac.uk/~jds/coms19.htm#19E3
| publisher= University of Cambridge
| date= 2 March 2024
| access-date= 1 February 2025 }}
</ref>
<ref name="CBET_4615">{{cite journal
| author1= D. W. Green
| title= Comet C/2019 E3 (ATLAS)
| url= http://www.cbat.eps.harvard.edu/iau/cbet/004600/CBET004615.txt
| journal= Central Bureau for Astronomical Telegrams
| volume= 4615
| date= 21 March 2019 }}
</ref>
<ref name="Fernandez_2019">{{cite web
| author1= Y. R. Fernandez
| title= List of Jupiter-Family and Halley-Family Comets
| url= https://www.physics.ucf.edu/~yfernandez/cometlist.html#hp
| access-date= 1 June 2019 }}
</ref>
<ref name="Hui_2024">{{cite journal
| author1= M. T. Hui
| author2= R. Weryk
| author3= M. Micheli
| author4= Z. Huang
| author5= R. Wainscoat
| title= Serendipitous Archival Observations of a New Ultradistant Comet C/2019 E3 (ATLAS)
| url= https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-3881/ad2500/pdf
| journal= Astronomical Journal
| year= 2024
| volume= 167
| issue= 3
| bibcode= 2024AJ....167..140H
| doi= 10.3847/1538-3881/ad2500
| doi-access= free | arxiv= 2401.04414
}}
</ref>
<ref name="jpl">{{cite web
| title= C/2019 E3 (ATLAS) – JPL Small-Body Database Lookup
| url= https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/tools/sbdb_lookup.html#/?sstr=2019E3
| website= ssd.jpl.nasa.gov
| publisher= [[Jet Propulsion Laboratory]]
| access-date= 1 February 2025 }}
</ref>
<ref name="MPEC_2019-F54">{{cite web
| author1= G. V. Williams
| title= MPEC 2019-F54: Comet C/2019 E3 (ATLAS)
| url= https://minorplanetcenter.net//mpec/K19/K19F54.html
| website= www.minorplanetcenter.net
| publisher= [[Minor Planet Center]]
| date= 21 March 2019
| access-date= 31 May 2019 }}
</ref>
}}
== External links ==
* {{JPL Small Body|id=1003616}}
{{Comets}}
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:ATLAS, 2019 E3}}
[[Category:Non-periodic comets]]
[[Category:Hyperbolic comets]]
[[Category:Discoveries by ATLAS]]
[[Category:Comets in 2019]]
[[Category:Oort cloud]]
{{Comet-stub}}
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