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HeyElliott (talk | contribs) Changing short description from "Project for the creation of a virtual library of public ___domain music scores" to "library of public-___domain music scores" |
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{{Short description|
{{Infobox website
| name = IMSLP<br />Petrucci Music Library
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| collapsible = yes
| caption = IMSLP [[homepage|main page]] in 2019
| url = {{ubl|{{URL|imslp.org}}
| commercial = Yes (subscription)
| type = [[Online library]] of [[sheet music]]
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|url-status=live
}}</ref>
| launch_date = {{start date and age|2006|02|16}} ([[website]])<br />{{start date and age|2018|07|10}}<ref name="IMSLP on the App Store">{{Cite web|url=https://apps.apple.com/app/imslp/id1373671782|title=IMSLP on the App Store|website=apps.apple.com|access-date=2020-01-16|archive-date=2020-01-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200115170711/https://apps.apple.com/app/imslp/id1373671782|url-status=live}}</ref> ([[App Store (
| current_status = Active
| content_licence = [[Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International]]
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}}
The '''International Music Score Library Project''' ('''IMSLP'''), also known as the '''Petrucci Music Library''' after publisher [[Ottaviano Petrucci]], is a subscription-based digital library of [[public ___domain|public-___domain]] [[sheet music|music scores]]. The project uses [[MediaWiki]] software, and {{As of|2023|November|24|lc=y|url=https://imslp.org/wiki/IMSLP:News}}
==History==
===Overview===
The site was launched on February 16, 2006. The library consists mainly of [[image scanner|scans]] of old musical editions out of [[copyright]]. In addition, it admits scores by contemporary composers who wish to share their music with the world by releasing it under a [[Creative Commons]] license. One of the main projects of the IMSLP was the sorting and uploading of the complete works of [[Johann Sebastian Bach]] in the [[Bach Gesellschaft|Bach-Gesellschaft Ausgabe]] (1851–99), a task that was completed on November 3, 2008. Besides J.S. Bach's complete public ___domain works, many or all available public ___domain works of [[Amy Beach]], [[Ludwig van Beethoven]], [[Johannes Brahms]], [[Joseph Canteloube]], [[Emmanuel Chabrier]], [[Ernest Chausson]], [[Frédéric Chopin]], [[Joseph Haydn]], [[Arcangelo Corelli]], [[Claude Debussy]], [[Vincent d'Indy]], [[Paul Dukas]], [[Gabriel Fauré]], [[Pierre-Octave Ferroud]], [[George Frideric Handel]], [[Jean Huré]], [[Albéric Magnard]], [[Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina]], [[Maurice Ravel]], [[Albert Roussel]], [[Erik Satie]], [[Florent Schmitt]], [[Franz Schubert]], [[Clara Schumann]], [[Robert Schumann]], [[Alexander Scriabin]] and [[Jean Sibelius]] are available, as well as a large percentage of [[Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart]] and [[Franz Liszt]]'s works.{{citation needed|date=May 2018}} Some less-played scores of these composers remain unavailable, as well as many scores being available only as the composer's original manuscript.
Besides providing a digital repository, the IMSLP offers possibilities as a [[musicology|musicological]] encyclopaedia, since multiple and historical editions of a single composition can be uploaded. Also, pages on publishers provide valuable information, and the work pages themselves often contain a large quantity of information, e.g. roles in an opera.
IMSLP is recommended as a research tool by [[Massachusetts Institute of Technology|MIT]],<ref>{{cite web |url=http://news-libraries.mit.edu/blog/archives/354 |title=Wiki of public ___domain classical scores |access-date=2007-11-06 |author=Moore, Christie |date=2007-01-05 |work=MIT Library News |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071111193507/http://news-libraries.mit.edu/blog/archives/354 |archive-date=2007-11-11 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://libguides.mit.edu/content.php?pid=12401&sid=104163 |title=Research Guides: Music |access-date=2008-09-04 |year=2008 |work=MIT Libraries |archive-date=2008-12-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081222045030/http://libguides.mit.edu/content.php?pid=12401&sid=104163 |url-status=live }}</ref> which also uses it extensively for providing scores for its [[MIT OpenCourseWare|OpenCourseWare]] courses.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Music-and-Theater-Arts/21M-250Fall-2006/Listening/index.htm |title=21M.250 Schubert to Debussy, Fall 2006 |access-date=2007-11-06 |author=MIT |year=2007 |work=MIT OpenCourseWare |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20071013150248/http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Music-and-Theater-Arts/21M-250Fall-2006/Listening/index.htm |archive-date = 2007-10-13}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Music-and-Theater-Arts/21M-262Fall-2006/Listening/index.htm |title=21M.262 Modern Music:1900–1960, Fall 2006 |access-date=2007-11-06 |author=MIT |year=2007 |work=MIT OpenCourseWare |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20071013150253/http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Music-and-Theater-Arts/21M-262Fall-2006/Listening/index.htm |archive-date = 2007-10-13}}</ref> It is suggested as a resource by the [[Sibley Music Library]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.esm.rochester.edu/sibley/?page=request|title=Request Public Domain Scores|access-date=2009-02-01|year=2008|work=Sibley Music Library|archive-date=2020-07-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200703075214/https://www.esm.rochester.edu/sibley/?page=request|url-status=dead}}</ref> and by libraries at other universities such as [[Stanford University]],<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www-sul.stanford.edu/depts/music/research_help/outsidelinks.html#sheet |title=Outside links of interest |access-date=2008-09-04 |year=2007 |work=Stanford University, Libraries and Academic Information Resources |archive-date=2008-10-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081011202000/http://www-sul.stanford.edu/depts/music/research_help/outsidelinks.html#sheet |url-status=live }}</ref> [[University of California, Los Angeles]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.library.ucla.edu/libraries/music/12291.cfm|title=UCLA Library / Music Library / Music Scores and Sheet Music Online|access-date=2009-01-28|year=2009|work=University of California Music Library|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080725051517/http://www2.library.ucla.edu/libraries/Music/12291.cfm|archive-date=2008-07-25|url-status=dead}}</ref> [[Brown University]],<ref>{{cite web |url=
=== Logo ===
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===Closure and reopening===
On October 19, 2007, the IMSLP closed following legal demands from [[Universal Edition]] of Vienna, Austria.<ref name=cd>{{cite web |url = http://imslpforums.org/Second%20U-E%20Cease%20and%20Desist%20Letter.pdf |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20071023090807/http://imslpforums.org/Second%20U-E%20Cease%20and%20Desist%20Letter.pdf |url-status = dead |archive-date = 2007-10-23 |title = Cease and Desist Letter from Universal Edition AG |access-date = 2007-10-20 |last = Clark |first = Ken |date =2007-10-05 |publisher = Aird & Berlis LLP }}</ref> The [[cease and desist]] letter expressed concern that some works that are in public ___domain in the server's ___location in Canada with [[copyright]] protection of 50 years following death, but are protected by
{{blockquote|text=On Saturday October 13, 2007, I received a second Cease and Desist letter from Universal Edition. At first I thought this letter would be similar in content to the first Cease and Desist letter I received in August. However, after lengthy discussions with very knowledgeable lawyers and supporters, I became painfully aware of the fact that I, a normal college student, has neither the energy nor the money necessary to deal with this issue in any other way than to agree with the cease and desist, and take down the entire site. I cannot apologize enough to all IMSLP contributors, who have done so much for IMSLP in the last two years.|sign=Feldmahler (project leader)}}
In response, director [[Michael S. Hart]] of [[Project Gutenberg]] offered support to keep the project online.<ref>{{cite mailing list|last=Hart|first=Michael|title=Re: Three quick links on digitizations and their constraints|mailing-list=Book People|author-link=Michael S. Hart|date=2007-10-23|url=http://onlinebooks.library.upenn.edu/webbin/bparchive?year=2007&post=2007-10-23,2|access-date=2007-12-29|archive-date=2007-10-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071026080641/http://onlinebooks.library.upenn.edu/webbin/bparchive?year=2007&post=2007-10-23,2|url-status=live}}</ref> This offer was declined by Guo, who voiced concern about having the project hosted in the United States, and consulted the Canadian wing of Project Gutenberg.<ref name="multiple">{{cite web|url=http://imslp.on-wiki.net/Open_letter|title=Open letter|access-date=2008-02-02|last=Feldmahler |date = 2007-10-19 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20071210084314/http://imslp.on-wiki.net/Open_letter |archive-date = December 10, 2007|url-status=dead}}</ref> On November 2, 2007, [[Michael Geist]], a prominent Canadian copyright academic, wrote an article for the [[BBC]] discussing the specifics and the wider implications of this case.<ref>{{cite web |url = http://newsvote.bbc.co.uk/mpapps/pagetools/print/news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/technology/7074786.stm |title = The day the music died |access-date = 2007-11-03 |last = Geist |first = Michael |author-link = Michael Geist |date = 2007-11-02 |publisher = BBC News |archive-date = 2016-01-20 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160120044259/http://newsvote.bbc.co.uk/mpapps/pagetools/print/news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/technology/7074786.stm |url-status = dead }}</ref>
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IMSLP went back online on June 30, 2008. Since its reopening, the site has been using a strict copyright policy wherein uploaded files are made accessible for download only after the copyright status for three most frequent copyright regimes has been reviewed by staff members. Although the server is located in Canada, files that are not public ___domain in the US were until July 2010 flagged [TB], for 'Technical Block' or 'Temporary Block', and could not be viewed. The FAQ posted in their forum stated, "Unfortunately, these 'temporary' blocks will be until further notice – possibly all the way until the expiration of term in the USA."<ref>{{cite web|url = http://198.137.202.16/viewtopic.php?f=6&t=3319|title = FAQ Works in TB Status|access-date = 2010-05-22|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120331064636/http://198.137.202.16/viewtopic.php?f=6&t=3319|archive-date = 2012-03-31|url-status = dead}}</ref> After an initial phase, [TB] flagged items have essentially disappeared thanks to the introduction of regional servers operated by unaffiliated organizations.
On 21 April 2011, the [[Music Publishers Association (UK)]] issued a [[Digital Millennium Copyright Act|DMCA]] [[Digital Millennium Copyright Act#Abuse of takedown notice|takedown notice]] against the IMSLP. [[
===Subscription introduction===
On December 27, 2015, the IMSLP moved to a subscription-based model, where users are expected to pay to avoid a waiting period on some of the files available on the site, and to access certain newly uploaded files.<ref name="Strad2016">{{cite web|title = IMSLP music library introduces paid membership – The Strad|url = http://www.thestrad.com/cpt-latests/imslp-music-library-introduces-paid-membership/|website = The Strad|access-date = 2016-01-14|language = en-US|date = 2016-01-04|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160114085206/http://www.thestrad.com/cpt-latests/imslp-music-library-introduces-paid-membership/|archive-date = 2016-01-14}}</ref> Users who have not paid are subject to a 15-second waiting period on certain files (excluding [[Creative Commons]]-licensed files that constitute a majority of the site's files),<ref>{{cite web |url=http://imslpforums.org/viewtopic.php?f=1&p=40283#p40283 |title=Upcoming changes - Page 2 |publisher=IMSLP Forums |access-date=2016-07-10 |archive-date=2016-02-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160214102734/http://imslpforums.org/viewtopic.php?f=1&p=40283#p40283 |url-status=live }}</ref> and are required to wait up to two days to access newly uploaded files.<ref name="ReferenceA">{{cite web|url=
The project leader Edward Guo<ref>{{cite web|url=
<blockquote><poem>The income we receive from various sources have been enough to maintain the site so far, but I increasingly believe that this level of funding is not sustainable in the long run. We are not, like traditional music libraries, bound by the service of a conservatory, university or publisher, but rather can do things that traditional institutions are not willing to do, because we serve only musicians and music lovers. But everything is a tradeoff – we also do not have the funding infrastructure these traditional institutions have, and over the past few years I’ve frankly exhausted my imagination in searching for new realistic sources of funding for IMSLP.
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===EU server===
On July 10, 2010, a forum thread<ref>{{cite web |url=http://imslpforums.org/viewtopic.php?f=1&t=3794 |title=Imslp-Eu |publisher=IMSLP Forums |access-date=2016-07-10 |archive-date=2016-09-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160911140125/http://imslpforums.org/viewtopic.php?f=1&t=3794 |url-status=live }}</ref> announced the opening of a new server located in the Netherlands. This server allows works that are public ___domain in Canada and the EU to be downloaded legally, even if they are under copyright in the US. The server was initially run by an unaffiliated European organization, while a forum thread
===US server===
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===Current legal structure===
IMSLP is now owned by Project Petrucci LLC, a private company created to run the website. Project Petrucci LLC was registered as a [[Delaware]] [[limited-liability company]] on June 28, 2008,<ref>{{cite web |url=https://icis.corp.delaware.gov/Ecorp/EntitySearch/NameSearch.aspx |title=Division of Corporations - Filing |website=Icis.corp.delaware.gov |date=2004-12-15 |access-date=2016-07-10 |archive-date=2015-09-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150921182309/https://icis.corp.delaware.gov/Ecorp/EntitySearch/NameSearch.aspx |url-status=live }}</ref> when the site founder was studying at the [[New England Conservatory]].<ref>{{cite web|url=
Project Leonardo is an [[internet service provider]] that hosts free online content in the arts or sciences.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://leonardolibrary.org/ |title=Project Leonardo Portal |publisher=Leonardo Library |access-date=2016-07-10 |archive-date=2016-07-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160713145957/http://leonardolibrary.org/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
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