Lunar Module Eagle: Difference between revisions

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| name = ''Eagle''

| mission = [[Apollo 11]]

| image = Buzz Aldrin and Apollo 11 Lunar Lander, AS11-40- 5927 NASA.jpg

| caption = ''Eagle'' at [[Tranquility Base]], July 20, 1969.<br>[[Neil Armstrong]] photographs [[Buzz Aldrin]].

| type = [[Lunar module]]

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| launch_site = [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]] [[LC-39A]]

| landing_date = July 20, 1969

|deployed={{start date and age|July 20, 1969}}

| landing_site = [[Tranquility Base]]

| owners = [[NASA]]

| total_hours = {{time interval|July 16, 1969 13:32:00|July 21, 1969 23:41:31|show=h|disp=raw}}{{efn|From Earth launch to second CSM undocking.}}

| fate = {{unbulleted list

| '''Ascent stage:''' Unknown;Abandoned eitherin crashedlunar onorbit; thecurrent [[Moon]]___location or in lunar orbitunknown

| '''Descent stage:''' Landed at [[Tranquility Base]]; still there

}}

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'''Lunar Module ''Eagle''''' ('''LM-5''') is the spacecraft that served as the crewed [[lunar lander]] of [[Apollo 11]], which was the first mission to [[Moon landing|land humans]] on the [[Moon]]. It was named after the [[bald eagle]], which was featured prominently on [[:File:Apollo 11 insignia.png|the mission insignia]]. It flew from Earth to lunar orbit on the [[command module Columbia|command module ''Columbia'']], and then was flown to the Moon on July 20, 1969, by astronaut [[Neil Armstrong]] with navigational assistance from [[Buzz Aldrin]]. ''Eagle''{{'}}s landing created [[Tranquility Base]], named by Armstrong and Aldrin and first announced upon the module's touchdown.

The name of the craft gave rise to the phrase "Tranquility Base here. The Eagle has Landedlanded", the words Armstrong said upon ''Eagle''{{'}}s touchdown.<ref name="Cresswell 2007 p. 427">{{cite book | last=Cresswell | first=J. | title=The Cat's Pyjamas: The Penguin Book of Clichés | publisher=Penguin Books Limited | year=2007 | isbn=978-0-14-102516-2 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vaB3KEhlUcEC&pg=PT427 | access-date=2021-10-22 | page=427}}</ref> The phrase was used as the title of a best-selling [[The Eagle Has Landed (novel)|1975 book]], set during the Second World War, and the [[The Eagle Has Landed (film)|1976 film adaptation]].

== Flight ==

{{main|Apollo 11}}

''Eagle'' was launched with [[Command module Columbia|commandCommand moduleModule ''Columbia'']] on July 16, 1969, atop a [[Saturn V]] launch vehicle from [[Launch Complex 39A]], and entered Earth orbit 12 minutes later.

''Eagle'' entered [[lunar orbit]] on July 19, 1969. On July 20, [[Neil Armstrong]] and [[Buzz Aldrin]] entered into the LM and separated it from [[Command module Columbia|Command moduleModule ''Columbia'']].

''Eagle'' was landed at 20:17:40 UTC on July 20, 1969, with {{convert|216|lb}} of usable fuel remaining.

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At 17:54:00 UTC, they lifted off in ''Eagle''{{'s}} ascent stage to rejoin [[Michael Collins (astronaut)|Michael Collins]] aboard ''Columbia'' in lunar orbit.

After the crew re-boarded ''Columbia'', the ''Eagle'' was abandoned in lunar orbit. AlthoughThe ___location of its ultimateimpact fateon remainsthe unknown,Moon's somesurface calculationsduring byan theorbit physicistdecay Jamesis Meadorunknown, publishedand inthere 2021is showedevidence that ''Eagle'' could theoreticallymay still be in lunar orbit.<ref>{{cite arXiv <!-- unsupported parameterweb |url=https://arxivairandspace.orgsi.edu/explore-and-learn/topics/apollo/apollo-program/spacecraft/pdf___location/2105lm.10088.pdf -->cfm?dom=pscau |title=Long-termLocation Orbitof StabilityApollo ofLunar theModules Apollo|website=Smithsonian 11Air "Eagle"Lunarand ModuleSpace AscentMuseum Stage|eprintaccess-date=2105.10088September 24, 2018 |last1archive-date=MeadorJuly 26, 2020 |first1archive-url=James|yearhttps://web.archive.org/web/20200726080107/https://airandspace.si.edu/explore-and-learn/topics/apollo/apollo-program/spacecraft/___location/lm.cfm?dom=2021pscau |class=physics.spaceurl-phstatus=dead}}</ref><ref>[https://www.discovermagazine.com/technology/new-evidence-suggests-apollo-11s-lunar-ascent-module-could-still-be-orbiting ''Discover'' magazine website, July 2021]</ref>

== Gallery ==

<gallery>

File:Apollo 11 Lunar Module prior to extraction (48322617787).jpg|Lunar Module ''Eagle'' prior to extraction from [[S-IVB]] stage on July 16, 1969.

File:AP11 FINAL APPROACH.ogv|[[Neil Armstrong]] and [[Buzz Aldrin]] land the Lunar Module ''Eagle'' on the Moon on July 20, 1969.

File:Apollo 11 plaque closeup on Moon.jpg|The [[Lunar plaque|plaque]] left on the ladder of ''Eagle''.

File:Apollo 11 50th Anniversary silver dollar reverse.png|Apollo 11 [[Apollo 11 50th Anniversary commemorative coins|50th Anniversary commemorative silver dollar]] depicting ''Eagle''

File:Apollo 11 Mission Image - View of Moon limb and Lunar Module during ascent, Mare Smythii, Earth on horizon (5052125203).jpg|Ascent stage of ''Eagle'' returns to ''Columbia'' on July 21, 1969.

File:Earth, Moon and Lunar Module, AS11-44-6643 c.jpg|Image of ''Eagle'' by [[Michael Collins (astronaut)|Michael Collins]] from [[Command module Columbia|Command Module ''Columbia'']]

</gallery>

== See also ==

{{Commons category|LM-5 Eagle}}

* [[List of artificial objects on the Moon]]

* [[List of crewed lunar landers]]

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* {{cite book |last1=Benson |first1=Charles D. |last2=Faherty |first2=William B. |title=Moonport: A History of Apollo Launch Facilities and Operations |date=1978 |id=SP-4204 |publisher=NASA |___location=Washington, D.C. |url=https://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19790003956.pdf |access-date=September 22, 2018 |page=472}}

* {{cite web |url=https://airandspace.si.edu/exhibitions/apollo-to-the-moon/online/science/scientific-experiments.cfm |title=Scientific Experiments |website=Smithsonian Air and Space Museum |access-date=September 22, 2018 |archive-date=October 24, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201024085033/https://airandspace.si.edu/exhibitions/apollo-to-the-moon/online/science/scientific-experiments.cfm |url-status=dead }}

* {{cite web |url=https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/LRO/multimedia/lroimages/apollosites.html |title=LRO Sees Apollo Landing Sites |publisher=NASA |access-date=September 25, 2018 |date=July 17, 2009 |archive-date=February 15, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210215074327/https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/LRO/multimedia/lroimages/apollosites.html |url-status=dead }}

* {{Cite arXiv|title=Long-term Orbit Stability of the Apollo 11 "Eagle" Lunar Module Ascent Stage |arxiveprint=2105.10088 |last1=Meador |first1=James |year=2021 <!--|class=physics.space-ph-->|class=physics.space-ph }}

* {{cite web |url=http://www.hq.nasa.gov/alsj/a11/a11.step.html |title=One Small Step |date=1995 |editor-last=Jones |editor-first=Eric M. |work=Apollo 11 Lunar Surface Journal |publisher=NASA |access-date=June 13, 2013}}

* {{cite web |url=http://www.hq.nasa.gov/alsj/a11/a11.posteva.html |title=Trying to Rest |editor-last=Jones |editor-first=Eric M. |date=1995 |work=Apollo 11 Lunar Surface Journal |publisher=NASA |access-date=June 13, 2013}}

* {{cite web |url=https://airandspace.si.edu/explore-and-learn/topics/apollo/apollo-program/spacecraft/___location/lm.cfm?dom=pscau |title=Location of Apollo Lunar Modules |website=Smithsonian Air and Space Museum |access-date=September 24, 2018}}

{{Apollo program|state=expanded}}

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[[Category:Apollo 11]]

[[Category:Soft landings on the Moon]]

[[Category:Lunar modules]]

[[Category:1969 on the Moon]]

[[Category:Articles containing video clips]]