Pakistan Army and Richard Jeni: Difference between pages

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{{Infobox Comedian

{{Unreferenced}}{{Military Pakistan}}

| name = Richard Jeni

| image =

| imagesize =

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| pseudonym =

| birth_name = Richard John Colangelo

| birth_date = [[April 14]], [[1957]]<ref name="preferMC" />

| birth_place = [[Brooklyn]], [[New York]] <br /> {{USA}}

| death_date = {{death date and age|2007|3|10|1957|4|14}}

| death_place = [[Los Angeles, California]]<br />{{USA}}

| medium = Improv/Stand up

| nationality = American

| active =

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| spouse =

| notable_work =

| signature =

| website =

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| academyawards =

| emmyawards =

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| tonyawards =

| baftaawards =

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| afiawards =

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'''Richard John Colangelo''' ([[April 14]], [[1957]]<ref name="preferMC">[http://richardjeni.com/vipergb/ DOB according to Jeni's Website] and Social Security Death Index.</ref> &ndash; [[March 10]] [[2007]]), better known by the [[stage name]] of '''Richard Jeni''',<ref name="stagename">Cohen, Sandy. [http://www.bradenton.com/mld/bradenton/entertainment/16890918.htm Autopsy results, cause of death pending for comic Richard Jeni]. ''[[Associated Press]]''. [[March 13]] [[2007]].</ref> was an [[United States|American]] [[stand-up comedy|stand-up comedian]] and [[actor]].

The '''Pakistan Army''' ([[Urdu]]: '''پاک فوج''') is the largest branch of the [[Military of Pakistan|Pakistan military]], and is responsible for protection of the state borders, the security of administered territories and defending the national interests of [[Pakistan]] within the framework of its international obligations. They must be able to achieve these goals both in [[nuclear war]]fare and [[conventional warfare]].

==Biography==

The Pakistani Army is a well-trained and well-equipped military service and combined with the [[Pakistan Navy|Navy]] and [[Pakistan Air Force|Air Force]] makes Pakistan's armed forces, the [[List of countries by number of active troops|7th largest military]] in the world.

Raised in an Italian-American family in [[Bensonhurst, Brooklyn|Bensonhurst]],<ref name="raised">{{Cite web|url=http://www.barberusa.com/comedy/richard-jeni.html|title=Richard Jeni|accessdate=2007-03-11|year=2007}}</ref> [[Brooklyn]], [[New York]], he graduated with honors from [[Hunter College]], earning a bachelor's degree in [[Comparative Politics]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://imdb.com/name/nm0420732/|title=Richard Jeni bio|accessdate=2007-03-11}}</ref>

Jeni first received recognition through a series of [[Showtime]] stand-up specials and frequent appearances on ''[[The Tonight Show]]''. Top executives at [[HBO]] noticed Jeni's talent, and he was soon picked up for his first appearance on ''The HBO Comedy Hour'' in 1992, titled "Richard Jeni: Platypus Man."

The Army is modelled on the [[United Kingdom]] armed forces and came into existence after the [[Pakistan movement|independence]] in [[1947]]. It has an active force of 550,000 personnel and 500,000 men in reserve that continue to serve until the age of 45.

The show was well-received and Jeni would return for two more shows, going on to receive a [[CableACE Award]] for one of his HBO specials. Jeni would also star on the short-lived [[UPN]] sitcom ''[[Platypus Man]]'' and appear in the [[Jim Carrey]] film ''[[The Mask (film)|The Mask]]''. Jeni composed the theme song ("''I'm A Platypus Man''") for his TV series.<ref>[http://imdb.com/name/nm0420732] Richard Jeni at IMDB</ref> He also appeared in ''[[The Aristocrats]]'', ''National Lampoon's Dad's Week Off'', and ''Burn, Hollywood, Burn''. He also starred in commercial campaigns for [[Certs]] and [[Arby's]], and won a [[Clio Award]] for his work as a writer/performer in an advertising campaign for the American Dairy Association.

The Pakistani Army is a completely volunteer force and has been involved in many conflicts with India. Combined with this rich combat experience, the Army is also actively involved in contributing to [[United Nations]] peacekeeping efforts. Other foreign deployments have consisted of Pakistani Army personnel as advisors in many [[Africa]]n, [[South Asia]]n and [[Arab]] countries. The Pakistani Army maintained Division and brigade strength presences in some of the Arab countries during the past [[Arab-Israeli Conflict|Arab-Israeli Wars]], and the first [[Gulf War]] to help the Coalition.

Jeni appeared on ''The Tonight Show'' more than any other stand-up comedian, dating back to when the program was hosted by [[Johnny Carson]].<ref name="improv">{{cite web|url=http://www.symfonee.com/improv/chicago/comedians/Bio.aspx?Uid=a3dce2df-9dc4-11d4-8736-0001026c3d97| title=Richard Jeni |accessdate=2007-03-11}}</ref> Jeni's death was referenced on the show by [[Jay Leno]] on [[March 12]] [[2007]], with accompanying footage of Jeni's last appearance on ''The Tonight Show''.

The Pakistani Army is led by the Chief of Army Staff, currently [[Pervez Musharraf]], who is also the [[President of Pakistan]].

In 2004, Jeni was ranked #57 on [[Comedy Central]]'s list of the [[100 Greatest Stand-ups of All Time]]; he served on the panel responsible for this ranking.

==History of the Pakistani Army==

[[Image:2710694058.jpg|thumb|right|200px|Pakistan Army Logo]]

:''See main article: [[Military history of Pakistan]].

The Pakistani army has always played an integral part of the Pakistan government and politics since its inception. It has virtually remained as the 3rd party that has seized power every now and then in the name of stabilizing Pakistan. The first of them was General [[Ayub Khan]] who came to power through a coup in [[1958]]. Later, General [[Yahya Khan]] would assume power in [[1969]]. After the 71 war the democratic setup was restored only to be cut short in [[1977]] after a [[coup]] which saw the end of another democratically elected Government and the Hanging of [[Zulfikar Ali Bhutto]], the Pakistani Premier. General [[Zia ul-Haq]] ruled as a dictator virtually unopposed until his death in [[1988]]. Despite the exit of the army from mainstream politics, the political muscle of the military was everpresent. The current President, General [[Pervez Musharraf]], came to power in a [[bloodless coup]] in October 1999 overthrowing the last democratically elected government led by [[Nawaz Sharif]]. Musharraf had pledged to step down as Army chief in 2005 however he changed his mind, now he has indicated that he may step down as Army chief in 2007 and hold democratic elections. Currently there is not a democratically elected parliament, final word on any governmental affairs is solely based upon the Army Chief. On the provinical level, there are no fully functioning democratically elected legislatures. It remains to be seen whether or not Pakistan is meant to be democracy, with its history of divisive military takeovers.

===Death===

Before the further division of Pakistan into Pakistan and Bangladesh, great controversy arose. In [[East Pakistan]] in 1971, now known as Bangladesh, there had been reports of many human rights abuses to quell the uprising by the East Pakistanis in what is known as [[Pakistani Civil War]]. In 1971, according to [http://users.erols.com/mwhite28/warstat2.htm]some estimates, around 3 million [[Bangladesh|Bangladeshis]] were killed, while most sources put the figure as low as 1 million. The [[Hamoodur Rahman]] report commissioned by Pakistan reported widespread looting, rape and other violations against the Bengalis. Pakistani Generals involved in the battle maintained that they went there for peace-keeping and not a "massacre", while some have alleged that Indian agents were involved in causing the conflict between the Bengalis and [[West Pakistan]]is.

On [[March 10]], [[2007]], Jeni was found by his girlfriend with an apparent self-inflicted shotgun wound to the facial area<ref name="facewound">{{cite news |author=BBC News |title=US comic dies in apparent suicide |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/6440961.stm |publisher=BBC News: Entertainment |date=Monday, 12 March 2007 |accessdate=2007-03-12 }}</ref> in [[West Hollywood, California]].<ref name="shot">{{cite news |author=Ryan, Jack |title=Richard Jeni Dead: Comedian Found Shot, Self Inflicted? |url=http://www.postchronicle.com/news/original/article_21268468.shtml |publisher=The Post Chronicle |date=March 11, 2007 |accessdate=2007-03-11 }}</ref> Police found him alive, but gravely injured when they arrived.<ref name="uribarri">{{cite news |author=Adrian G. Uribarri, |title=Comedian Richard Jeni dies of apparent suicide |url=http://www.latimes.com/entertainment/news/celebrity/la-me-jeni12mar12,0,6458486.story?coll=la-home-entertainment |publisher=Los Angeles Times |date=Monday, 12 March 2007 |accessdate=2007-03-12 }}</ref> He was quickly transported to [[Cedars-Sinai Medical Center]] in [[Los Angeles, California|Los Angeles]], where he died.<ref name="sfgate">Cholo, Ana Beatriz. "[http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?file=/n/a/2007/03/11/state/n114828D53.DTL Comic Richard Jeni dead, police investigating possible suicide]." ''[[San Francisco Chronicle]].'' [[March 11]], [[2007]]. Retrieved on [[March 11]] [[2007]].</ref> [[Suicide]] was suspected but was not officially confirmed by police.<ref name="sfgate" /> His family later stated with certainty that the death was in fact a suicide, and that Jeni had recently been diagnosed with "severe [[clinical depression]] coupled with bouts of [[psychosis|psychotic]] [[paranoia]]."<ref name="WaPoAP">"[http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/03/13/AR2007031301413.html Family Says Jeni Committed Suicide]." ''[[Associated Press]]'' via ''[[Washington Post]].'' [[March 13]], [[2007]]. Retrieved on [[March 13]] [[2007]].</ref>

In America, Jeni's passing was marked by many [[homage]]s, including specials on [[XM Satellite Radio]], and [[Bill Maher]]'s [[HBO]] show [[Real Time with Bill Maher]] (Season 5, Episode 5) being dedicated to Jeni's memory.

Until 1990, the United States provided military aid to Pakistan to modernize its conventional defensive capability and to prevent any further Soviet attacks on it and, more importantly, on [[Afghanistan]]. The United States allocated about 40% of its assistance package to non-reimbursable credits for military purchases, the third largest program after [[Israel]] and [[Egypt]]. The remainder of the aid program was devoted to economic assistance. While sanctions had been in effect since 1990, various amendments have authorized return of spare parts and end items already paid for by Pakistan. There was a period of international sanctions due to Pakistan's nuclear tests in response to [[India]]'s May 1998 tests and the military coup that placed additional sanctions on Pakistan.

== HBO Specials ==

Since the [[September 11, 2001 attacks|9/11]] incident, Pakistan has become a key ally of USA in the fight against terrorism, especially in ousting [[Taliban]] from neighbouring [[Afghanistan]]. As part of President [[George W. Bush]]'s [[War on Terrorism]], the army has been accused of engaging in human rights violations in the province of [[Balochistan]]. This has lead to an uproar in the government and much criticism for President [[Pervez Musharraf]]'s agreement to the war. The Army of Pakistan's Operation 2005, as reported by the [[BBC]] is one of the most severe in recent years by any country, and the army operation has received criticism at national and international levels for its participation. Its performance in the [[Waziristan conflict]] and eventual withdrawal from the Taliban stronghold in [[Waziristan]] after signing [[Waziristan Accord|an accord with the tribals]] was severely criticized by many analysts, including Pakistani and neutral observers.<!--See the [[Waziristan conflict]] for sources-->

* ''Richard Jeni: Platypus Man'' ([[1992]])

* ''Richard Jeni: A Good Catholic Boy'' ([[1997]])

* ''Richard Jeni: A Big Steaming Pile of Me'' ([[2005]])

== Showtime Specials ==

==Motto==

* ''Richard Jeni: Boy from New York City'' ([[1990]])

The motto of the Pakistani Army reads: "[[Iman]], [[Taqwa]], [[Jihad]] fi Sabilillah". Translated into English, it means "Faith, Piety, Striving in the path of [[Allah]] ([[Arabic]] for [[God]])".

* ''Richard Jeni: Crazy from The Heat'' ([[1992]])

==Combat DoctrineFilmography ==

* ''[[Bird (1988 film)|Bird]]'' ([[1988 in film|1988]]) as Morello

[[Image:Parade23march.jpg|180px|thumb|right|Pakistan's Military being showcased during the March 23rd Military Parade in Islamabad.]]

* ''[[The Mask (film)|The Mask]]'' ([[1994 in film|1994]]) as Charlie Schumaker

[[Image:SSG-03.JPG|180px|thumb|right|Pakistan's SSG Commandos on the March 23rd Military Parade in Islamabad]]

* ''[[An Alan Smithee Film: Burn Hollywood Burn]]'' ([[1998 in film|1998]]) as Jerry Glover

Pakistani Army has espoused a doctrine of limited "offensive-defense" which it has tried to refine consistently ever since 1989 when it was pushed out to the formations during "Exercise Zarb-e-Momin". The main purpose of this strategy is to launch a sizeable offensive into enemy territory rather than wait to be hit from the enemy's offensive attack. The doctrine is based on the premise that while on the offensive, the enemy can be kept off-balance while allowing Pakistani Army to be able to seize enemy territory of strategic importance which can be used as a bargaining chip on the negotiating table. In order to do this, currently Pakistani Army maintains two sizeable strike Corps which will be backed up by holding Corps forming the defensive tier behind the strike corps. By pushing the offensive into the enemy territory, the Pakistani Army hopes to consolidate its gains inside the enemy's territory and will attempt to keep the war on the enemy side of the border rather than giving ground on the Pakistani side.

==References==

In the [[1990s]], the Army created a strong centralized corps of reserves for its formations in the critical semi-desert and desert sectors in southern [[Punjab (Pakistan)|Punjab]] and [[Sindh]] provinces. These new formations were rapidly equipped with assets needed for mechanized capability. These reserve formations are dual-capable, meaning they can be used for offensive as well as defensive (holding) purposes.

{{reflist|1}}

==External links==

Pakistan, today has a 45 day reserve of [[ammunition]] and fuel as compared to only 13 days in [[1965]] and has fairly effective and efficient lines of communication and can fully mobilize its formations in less than 96 hours owing to the lack of depth in the country's North South axis.

{{Wikiquote|Richard Jeni}}

*[http://www.richardjeni.com/ RichardJeni.com] - Official site

*{{imdb name|id=0420732|name=Richard Jeni}}

==Personnel Training==

===Enlisted Ranks===

<!--[[Category:Suicides by firearm|Jeni, Richard]] --- Let's not include this until it's official. -->

Most enlisted personnel used to come from rural families, and many have only rudimentary literacy skills, but with the increase in the litracy level the requirments have been raised to Matriculate level(10th Grade). Recruits are processed gradually through a paternalistically run regimental training center, taught the official language, [[Urdu]], if necessary, and given a period of elementary education before their military training actually starts.

<!--[[Category:Actors who committed suicide|Jeni, Richard]] --- Let's not include this until it's official. -->

<!--[[Category:Comedians who committed suicide|Jeni, Richard]] --- Let's not include this until it's official. -->

<!--[[Category:Suicides by firearm|Jeni, Richard]] --- Let's not include this until it's official. -->

In the thirty-six-week training period, they develop an attachment to the regiment they will remain with through much of their careers and begin to develop a sense of being a Pakistani rather than primarily a member of a tribe or a village. Enlisted men usually serve for eighteen years, during which they participate in regular training cycles and have the opportunity to take academic courses to help them advance.

<!--[[Category:Actors who committed suicide|Jeni, Richard]] --- Let's not include this until it's official. -->

<!--[[Category:Comedians who committed suicide|Jeni, Richard]] --- Let's not include this until it's official. -->

{{Persondata

===Officer Ranks===

|NAME=Jeni, Richard

About 320 men enter the army bi-annually through the Pakistan Military Academy at Kakul in [[Abbottabad]] in the [[North West Frontier Province]]; a small number--especially physicians and technical specialists--are directly recruited, and these persons are part of the heart of the officer corps. The product of a highly competitive selection process, members of the officer corps have completed twelve years of education and spend two years at the Pakistan Military Academy, with their time divided about equally between military training and academic work to bring them up to a baccalaureate education level, which includes English-language skills.

|ALTERNATIVE NAMES=Colangelo, Richard John

|SHORT DESCRIPTION=American comedian

The army has twelve other training establishments, including schools concentrating on specific skills such as infantry, artillery, intelligence, or mountain warfare. A National University of Science and Technology has been established which has absorbed the existing colleges of engineering, signals, and electrical engineering. At the apex of the army training system is the [[Command and Staff College]] at [[Quetta]], one of the few institutions inherited from the colonial period. The college offers a ten-month course in tactics, staff duties, administration, and command functions through the division level. Students from foreign countries, including the United States, have attended the school but reportedly have been critical of its narrow focus and failure to encourage speculative thinking or to give adequate attention to less glamorous subjects, such as logistics.

|DATE OF BIRTH=[[April 14]], [[1957]]

|PLACE OF BIRTH=[[Brooklyn]], [[New York]], [[United States]]

The senior training institution for all service branches is the [http://www.ndc.edu.pk National Defence College]. Originally established in 1971 at [[Rawalpindi]], to provide training in higher military strategy for senior officers, the school house was relocated to Islamabad in 1995. It also offers courses that allow civilians to explore the broader aspects of national security. In a program begun in the 1980s to upgrade the intellectual standards of the officer corps and increase awareness of the wider world, a small group of officers, has been detailed to academic training, achieving master's degrees and even doctorates at universities in Pakistan and abroad.

|DATE OF DEATH=[[March 10]], [[2007]]

|PLACE OF DEATH=[[Los Angeles, California]], [[United States]]

Pakistani officers were sent abroad during the [[1950s]] and into the [[1960s]] for training in [[Britain]] and other [[Commonwealth]] countries, and especially to the United States, where trainees numbering well in the hundreds attended a full range of institutions ranging from armored and infantry schools to the higher staff and command institutions. After 1961 this training was coordinated under the International Military Education and Training (IMET) program, but numbers varied along with vicissitudes in the United States-Pakistan military relationship. Of some 200 officers being sent abroad annually in the 1980s, over two-thirds went to the United States, but the cessation of United States aid in 1990 entailed suspension of the IMET program. In [[1994]] virtually all foreign training was in [[Commonwealth]] countries. However, after the [[9/11]] attacks, Pakistan again has begun sending officers to US Army schools. Today there are more than 400 officers serving in foreign countries.

}}

Officers retire between the ages of fifty-two and sixty, depending on their rank.

==Army's Role in Relief Operations and Economic Development==

[[Image:pakistan_aid.jpg|thumb|240px|Pakistani Soldiers carry tents away from a U.S. Army CH-47 Chinook helicopter October 19.]]

In times of natural disaster, such as the great floods of [[1992]] or the October [[2005]] devastating [[2005 Kashmir earthquake|earthquake]], army engineers, medical and logistics personnel, and the armed forces played a major role in bringing relief and supplies.

The army also engaged in extensive economic activities. Most of these enterprises, such as stud and dairy farms, were for the army's own use, but others performed functions beneficial to the local civilian economy. Army factories produced such goods as sugar, fertilizer, and brass castings and sold them to civilian consumers.

Several army organizations performed functions that were important to the civilian sector across the country. For example, the National Logistics Cell was responsible for trucking food and other goods across the country; the Frontier Works Organization built the Karakoram Highway to [[China]]; and the Special Communication Organization maintained communications networks in remote parts of Pakistan.

== Fauji Foundation ==

[[Fauji Foundation]] is a pension fund of the Pakistan Army. It has invested in industial and commercial projects. The Fauji Foundation manages hundreds of educational institutions, power plants, steel and cement factories, and produces consumer goods like sugar, electronic items and breakfast cereals. Fauji Foundation is a charitable trust for the welfare of ex-servicemen and their families.

==Women and Minorities in the Army==

[[Image:Shahida-malik-interview2.jpg|240px|thumb|right|Major General Shahida Malik. The first female Major General in the Islamic World.]]

====Women====

Women have served in the Pakistani Army since its foundation. Currently, there is a sizable number of Women serving in the army. Most women are recruited in the regular Army to perform medical and educational work. There is also a Women's Guard section of Pakistan's National Guard where women are trained in nursing, welfare and clerical work and there are also women recruited in very limited numbers for the Janbaz Force. Only recently has Pakistan began to recruit women for combat positions and the Elite Anti-Terrorist Force recently graduated women candidates to be Sky Marshals for Pakistan based airlines. Pakistan is the only country in the Islamic world to have women Major Generals in the Army.

====Minorities====

Recruitment is nationwide and the army attempts to maintain an ethnic balance but most enlisted recruits, as in British times, come from a few districts in northern [[Punjab (Pakistan)|Punjab]] Province and the adjacent [[North West Frontier Province]]. Pakistan's Officer Corps are also mostly from Punjab and the North West Frontier Province and of middle-class, rural backgrounds.

This has caused some resentment to the other ethnic groups in Pakistan especially when the Army conducts operation in those areas where Punjabis are not a majority. The army has been criticized by the locals for lacking ethnic sensitivity. Efforts have been undertaken to recruit more ethnic groups such as [[Sindhi people|Sindhis]], [[Baloch|Balochis]] and [[Pashtun people|Pashtuns]] into the Pakistani Army. The first [[Sikh]] officer was recently inducted into the army and is expected to set the tone for future recruitment for minorities[http://us.rediff.com/news/2005/dec/20sikh.htm?q=tp&file=.htm].

The army sees itself as a national institution and thus many non-muslim officers (including Qadiyanis) have achieved high ranks within the army[http://www.dawn.com/2006/04/22/nat8.htm].

==Organization==

The Chief of the Army Staff (COAS), formerly called the Commander in Chief (C in C), is challenged with the responsibility of commanding the Pakistani Army. The COAS operates from army headquarters in [[Rawalpindi]], near [[Islamabad]]. The Principal Staff Officers assisting him in his duties at the Lieutenant General level include a Chief of General Staff (CGS), who supervises the day to day running of the army, Director General Military Operations (DGMO), responsible for the overall operational planning; the Master General of Ordnance (MGO); the Quarter-Master General (QMG); the Adjutant General (AG); the Inspector General of Training and Evaluation (IGT&E); and the Military Secretary (MS). The headquarters function also includes the Judge Advocate General (JAG), and the Comptroller of Civilian Personnel, the Chief of the Corps of Engineers (E-in-C)who is also head of [[Military Engineering Service]] ([[MES]]), all of them also report to the Chief of the Army Staff.

===List of Chiefs of Army Staff===

<!-- Image with disputed fair-use status removed: [[Image:Lt_General_Musharaf.jpg|right|thumb|150px|[[Pervez Musharraf|General Pervez Musharraf]] Chief of Army Staff ([[October 7]] [[1998]] - Present)]] -->

# [[Frank Messervy|General Sir Frank Messervy]] ([[August 15]] [[1947]] - [[February 10]] [[1948]])

# [[Douglas David Gracey|General Sir Douglas David Gracey]] ([[February 11]] [[1948]] - [[January 16]] [[1951]])

# [[Ayub Khan|Field Marshal Ayub Khan]] ([[January 16]] [[1951]] - [[October 26]] [[1958]])

# [[Musa Khan|General Musa Khan]] ([[October 27]] [[1958]] - [[June 17]] [[1966]])

# [[Yahya Khan|General Yahya Khan]] ([[June 18]] [[1966]] – [[December 20]] [[1971]])

# [[Gul Hassan Khan|General Gul Hassan]] ([[December 20]] [[1971]] - [[March 3]] [[1972]])

# [[Tikka Khan|General Tikka Khan]] ([[March 3]] [[1972]] – [[March 1]] [[1976]])

# [[Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq|General Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq]] ([[April 1]] [[1976]] - [[August 17]] [[1988]])

# [[Mirza Aslam Beg|General Mirza Aslam Beg]] ([[August 17]] [[1988]] - [[August 16]] [[1991]])

# [[Asif Nawaz|General Asif Nawaz]] ([[August 16]] [[1991]] - [[January 8]] [[1993]])

# [[Wahid Kakar|General Wahid Kakar]] ([[January 8]] [[1993]] - [[December 1]] [[1996]])

# [[Jehangir Karamat|General Jehangir Karamat]] ([[December 1]] [[1996]] - [[October 6]] [[1998]])

# [[Pervez Musharraf|General Pervez Musharraf]] ([[October 7]] [[1998]] - Present)

==Structure of Army Units==

The Pakistani Army is divided into two main branches which are Arms and Services. Arms include infantry, artillery, armor, engineers, and communications and Services includes ordnance Corps, maintenance and repair Corps, electrical and mechanical engineering corps, education corps, military police corps, and the remount, veterinary, and farm corps.

{| border="1" bordercolor="#000000" style="border-collapse:collapse"

!bgcolor="green"|Army Unit

!bgcolor="green"|Number of Units

|---- bgcolor=#FFFFFF

|Corps

|align="center"|9

|---- bgcolor=#FFFFFF

|Infantry Divisions

|align="center"|19

|---- bgcolor=#FFFFFF

|Artillery Divisions

|align="center"|2

|---- bgcolor=#FFFFFF

|Aviation Squadrons

|align="center"|17

|---- bgcolor=#FFFFFF

|2 Special forces Brigades with 5 Battalions

|align="center"|1

|---- bgcolor=#FFFFFF

|Armored Recce Regiment

|align="center"|3

|---- bgcolor=#FFFFFF

|Independent Mechanical Infantry Brigades

|align="center"|6

|---- bgcolor=#FFFFFF

|Independent [[Armoured brigade]]s

|align="center"|7

|---- bgcolor=#FFFFFF

|[[Artillery Brigade]]s

|align="center"|9

|---- bgcolor=#FFFFFF

|Air Defence Command with 3 Air Defence Groups, 8 AD Brigades

|align="center"|1

|---- bgcolor=#FFFFFF

|[[Engineer]] brigades

|align="center"|7

|---- bgcolor=#FFFFFF

|[[Armoured division]]s

|align="center"|2

|}

:*'''[[Corps]]''': A Corp in the Pakistani Army usually consists of two or more Divisions and is commanded by a lieutenant general. Currently the Pakistani Army has 9 Corps.

:*[[Division (military)|'''Division''']]: Each division is commanded by a major general, and usually holds three Brigades including infantry, artillery, engineers and communications units in addition to logistics (supply and service) support to sustain independent action. It, however, does not include any armoured units. Those are attached once the need arises. The most major of all ground force combat formations is the infantry division. Such a division would primarily hold three infantry brigades. There are 19 Infantry divisions, 2 Armored Divisions and 1 Artillery Division in the Pakistani Army.

:*'''[[Brigade]]''': A Brigade is under the command of a brigadier and comprises of three or more Batalions of different units depending on its functionality. An independent brigade would be one that primarily consists of an artillery unit, an infantry unit, an armour unit and logisitics to support its actions. Such a brigade is not part of any division and is under direct command of a corps.

:*'''[[Battalion]]''': Each battalion is commanded by a lieutenant colonel and has roughly 600 to 900 soldiers under his command. This number varies depending on the functionality of the battalion. A battalion comprises of either four batteries (in case of artillery and air defence regiments - generally named Papa, Quebec, Romeo, and Sierra) or four companies (in case of infantry regiments - generally named Alpha, Bravo, Charlie, and Delta - and other arms excluding armored units that are organized into squadrons) each under the command of a major and comprising of individual subunits called sections (which are further divisible into platoons and squads).

===Corps===

There are 9 [[Corps]] at various garrisons along with a [[Paramilitary]] Corp Command:

{| border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width:95%; margin:0 auto;"

|-

!bgcolor="green"|Corps

!bgcolor="green"|HQ Location

!bgcolor="green"|Major Formations under Corps

!bgcolor="green"|Commander

|-

|I Corps ||[[Mangla]], [[Punjab (Pakistan)|Punjab]] || 6th Armored Division, 17th Infantry Division, 35th Infantry Division || Lieutenant General Sajjad Akram<ref name= "Daily Times">{{cite web| url= http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=2006%5C04%5C11%5Cstory_11-4-2006_pg7_8 | title= Multan and Karachi corps commanders replaced | accessdate=2006-05-05| first=Muhammed| last= Imran }}</ref> ||

|-

|II Corps ||[[Multan]], Punjab || 1st Armored Division, 2nd Artillery Division, 40th Infantry Division || Lieutenant General Sikandar Afzal<ref name= "Daily Times">{{cite web| url= http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=2006%5C04%5C11%5Cstory_11-4-2006_pg7_8 | title= Multan and Karachi corps commanders replaced | accessdate=2006-05-05| first=Muhammed| last= Imran }}</ref> ||

|-

|IV Corps ||[[Lahore]], Punjab || 10th Infantry Division, 11th Infantry Division || Lieutenant General Shafaatullah Shah<ref>{{cite web| url= http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=2006%5C04%5C17%5Cstory_17-4-2006_pg13_7 | title= Veterans a source of pride, says Lahore corps commander | accessdate=2006-05-05}}</ref> ||

|-

|V Corps ||[[Karachi]], [[Sindh]] || 16th Infantry Division, 18th Infantry Division || Lieutenant General Ahsan Azhar Hayat<ref name= "Daily Times">{{cite web| url= http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=2006%5C04%5C11%5Cstory_11-4-2006_pg7_8 | title= Multan and Karachi corps commanders replaced | accessdate=2006-05-05| first=Muhammed| last= Imran }}</ref> ||

|-

|X Corps ||[[Rawalpindi]], Punjab || 12th Infantry Division, 19th Infantry Division, 23rd Infantry Division || Lieutenant General Tariq Majeed ||

|-

|XI Corps ||[[Peshawar]], [[North West Frontier Province]] || 9th Infantry Division || Lieutenant General Hamid Khan ||

|-

|XII Corps ||[[Quetta]], [[Balochistan (Pakistan)|Balochistan]] || 41st Infantry Division || Lieutenant General Hamid Rab Nawaz<ref>{{cite web| url= http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=2005%5C12%5C12%5Cstory_12-12-2005_pg1_2 | title= Musharraf in Quetta today | accessdate=2006-05-05}}</ref> ||

|-

|XXX Corps ||[[Gujranwala]], Punjab || 8th Infantry Division, 15th Infantry Division || Lieutenant General Anis Ahmed Abbasi ||

|-

|XXXI Corps ||[[Bhawalpur]], Punjab || 35th Infantry Division, 14th Infantry Division || Lieutenant General Imtiaz Hussain<ref name= "Pakistani Defence">{{cite web| url= http://www.pakistanidefence.com/news/MonthlyNewsArchive/2005/May2005.htm | title= Lt-Gen Imtiaz New Bahawalpur Corps Commander | accessdate=2006-05-05}}</ref> ||

|-

|Northern Area Command ||[[Gilgit]], Northern Areas || force command northern area || ||

|-

|}

<small>*XI and XII Corps have both lost divisions to other Corps and as such have begun raising 2 more divisions to make them viable Corps. The new divisions are still being build up but as of yet, no name has been assigned to them.</small>

===Other Commanders===

*General [[Ahsan Saleem Hayat]] — Vice Chief of Army Staff, GHQ-Rawalpindi.

*Lieutenant General Nadeem Ahmad - Deputy Chairman of Earthquake Rehabilitation and Reconstruction Authority (ERRA)

*Lieutenant General Mohammed Zaki — Director of [[Inter-Services Intelligence]]

*Lieutenant General Salahuddin Satti — Chief of General Staff, GHQ-Rawalpindi.

*Lieutenant General Afzal Janjua — Quartermaster General, GHQ-Rawalpindi.

*Lieutenant General Afzaal Ahmed — Surgeon General, GHQ-Rawalpindi.

*Lieutenant General Khalid Ahmed Kidwai — Director General Strategic Planning Division, Rawalpindi.

*Lieutenant General Akhtar Ali — Director General Joint Staff Headquarters, X Corps, Chaklala, Rawalpindi.

*Lieutenant General Mohammed Sabir — Director General Military Services, GHQ-Rawalpindi.

*Lieutenant General Masud Aslam — Director General ITNE, GHQ-Rawalpindi.

*Major General [[Shaukat Sultan]] — Director General Inter Services Public Relations, GHQ-Rawalpindi.

*Major General Fazl-e-Elahi — Director General Corps of Electrical and Mechanical Engineers, GHQ-Rawalpindi.

*Major General Ahmed Shuja Pasha — Director General Military Operations, GHQ-Rawalpindi.

*Major General Shujaat Zamir Dar — Inspector General Frontier Corps, NWFP .

*Major General Raheel Sharif — General Officer Commading, 11th Infantry Division, IV Corps, Lahore.

*Major General Mustafa Kausar — General Officer Commanding, 10th Infantry Division, IV Corps, Lahore.

*Major General Athar Abbass — General Officer Commanding, 6th Armoured Division, under 1 Corps, Kharian.

*Major General Zaheer Islam — General Officer Commanding, 12th Infantry Division, under X Corps, Murree.

*Major General Mohammed Farooq — General Officer Commanding 41st Infantry Division, under XII Corps, Quetta.

*Major General Nadeem Taj — Commandant Pakistan Military Academy, Kakul, Abbottabad, NWFP.

*Major General Akram Sahi — Commandant Infantry School Quetta, Balochistan.

*Major General Khalid Nawaz — Commandant Staff College, Quetta, Balochistan.

*Major General Khalid Shamim — Vice Deputy Chief of General Staff, GHQ-Rawalpindi.

*Major General Saleem Nawaz — Director General RAB, Quetta, Balochistan.

*Major General Agha Farooq — Director General Army Structuring Committee.

*Major General Tahir Saeed — Deputy Quartermaster General, GHQ-Rawalpindi.

*Major General Saleem Nawaz Mela — Managing Director Passco, Rawalpindi.

*Major General Hamid Mahmud — Commandant Military College of Signals (MCS), Ordnance Road, Rawalpindi.

*Major General Kamran Aziz — Commandant College of Electrical and Mechanical Engineering (EME), Peshawar Road, Rawalpindi.

*Major General Israr Ahmed Ghumman — Director General Heavy Industries Taxila, Taxila.

*Major General Wajahat Muftee — Director General Military Lands and Cantonments, Ministry of Defence, Rawalpindi.

*Major General Javed Zia — Director General Sindh Rangers, Shahra-e-Faisal, Karachi.

*Major General Hussain Mehdi — Director General Punjab Rangers, Lahore.

===Rank Structure and Uniform Insignia===

{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="0" align="center" width="100%"

!colspan=12 bgcolor="green"| '''Pakistani Officer Ranks'''

|-

!''Rank''

![[Field Marshal]] (6-Star)

![[General]] (4-Star)

![[Lieutenant General]] (3-Star)

![[Major General]] (2-Star)

![[Brigadier]] (1-Star)

![[Colonel]]

![[Lieutenant Colonel]]

![[Major]]

![[Captain]]

![[Lieutenant]]

![[2nd Lieutenant]]

|-

!''NATO Equivalent''

!OF-10

!OF-9

!OF-8

!OF-7

!OF-6

!OF-5

!OF-4

!OF-3

!OF-2

!OF-1

!OF-1

|-

!''Uniform Insignia''

|align="center"|[[Image:Pak_field_marshal.gif|50px]]

|align="center"|[[Image:Pak_general.gif|50px]]

|align="center"|[[Image:Pak_lieutenant_general.gif|50px]]

|align="center"|[[Image:Pak_major_general.gif|50px]]

|align="center"|[[Image:Pak_brigadier1.gif|50px]]

|align="center"|[[Image:Pak_colonel.gif|50px]]

|align="center"|[[Image:Pak_lieutenant_colonel.gif|50px]]

|align="center"|[[Image:Pak_major.gif|50px]]

|align="center"|[[Image:Pak_captain.gif|50px]]

|align="center"|[[Image:Pak_lieutenant.gif|50px]]

|align="center"|[[Image:Pak_2ndlieutenant.gif|50px]]

|}

{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="0" align="center" width="100%"

!colspan=12 bgcolor="green"| '''Pakistani Junior Commissioned Officer (JCO) and Enlisted Ranks'''

|-

!''Rank''

!Subedar Major (JCO)

!Subedar (JCO)

!Naib Subedar (JCO)

!Battalion Havildar Major

!Battalion Quartermaster Havildar

!Company Havildar Major

!Company Quatermaster Havildar

!Havildar

!Naik

!Lance Naik

!Jawan

|-

!''NATO Equivalent''

!None

!None

!None

!OR-9

!OR-8

!OR-8

!OR-7

!OR-5/6

!OR-4

!OR-3

!OR-1/2

|-

!''Uniform Insignia''

|align="center"|[[Image:Subedar_major.gif|50px]]

|align="center"|[[Image:Subedar.gif|50px]]

|align="center"|[[Image:Jamadar.gif|50px]]

|align="center"|[[Image:Warrant_officer_class_1.gif|50px]]

|align="center"|[[Image:Warrant_officer_class_2.gif|50px]]

|align="center"|[[Image:Company_hevildar_major.gif|50px]]

|align="center"|[[Image:Company_quartermaster_havildar.gif|50px]]

|align="center"|[[Image:havildar.gif|50px]]

|align="center"|[[Image:Naik.gif|50px]]

|align="center"|[[Image:Lance_naik.gif|50px]]

|align="center"|No Insignia

|}

==Nishan-e-Haider==

[[Image:Nishan-e-Haider.jpg|thumb|100px|right|Nishan-E-Haider]]

The [[Nishan-e-Haider]] (Urdu: نشان حیدر) (Sign of the Lion), is the highest military award given by Pakistan.

'''Recipients'''

Nishan-e-Haider recipients receive an honorary title as a sign of respect: ''Shaheed'' meaning ''martyr'' for deceased recipients and ''Ghazi'' meaning ''victor'' for living recipients.

# [[Captain Muhammad Sarwar|Captain Muhammad Sarwar Shaheed]] (1910–July 27, 1948)

# [[Tufail Mohammad|Major Tufail Muhammad Shaheed]] (1914–August 7, 1958)

# [[Aziz Bhatti|Major Raja Aziz Bhatti Shaheed]] (1928–September 10, 1965)

# [[Muhammad Akram|Major Muhammad Akram Shaheed]] (1938–1971)

# [[Rashid Minhas|Pilot Officer Rashid Minhas Shaheed]] (1951–August 20, 1971)

# [[Major Shabbir Sharif|Major Shabbir Sharif Shaheed]] (1943–December 6, 1971)

# [[Sowar Muhammad Hussain|Jawan Sowar Muhammad Hussain Shaheed]] (1949–December 10, 1971)

# [[Muhammad Mahfuz|Lance Naik Muhammad Mahfuz Shaheed]] (1944–December 17, 1971)

# [[Karnal Sher Khan|Captain Karnal Sher Khan Shaheed]] (1970–July 5, 1999)

# [[Lalak Jan|Lalak Jan Shaheed]] (1967–July 7, 1999)

==Special Forces==

:''See main article: [[Special Services Group|Pakistan Army's Special Forces]] for a detailed look at the Special Forces of the Pakistani Army''.

[[Special Service Group]] or SSG is an Independent Commando unit of the Pakistani Army, the commander of which reports directly to the CoAS. It is an elite commando force similar to the [[United States Army Special Forces|American Green Berets]]. Official numbers are put at 2,100 men, in 3 [[Battalions]]; however the actual strength is classified and as of 2004 has been increased to 5 Battalions, with the formation of 2 [[Brigades]] of Special Forces (typically these two brigades will have a total of 6 Battalions).

==Weapons and Equipment==

{| border="1" bordercolor="#000000" style="border-collapse:collapse;padding:5px;"

!bgcolor="green"|Equipment

!bgcolor="green"|Number

|----

|[[Tanks]]

|align="center"|3500+

|---- bgcolor=#FFFFFF

|[[Armoured personnel carrier|APC]]

|align="center"|2200

|---- bgcolor=#FFFFFF

|[[Artillery]] Towed

|align="center"|1815

|---- bgcolor=#FFFFFF

|Artillery Self powered

|align="center"|355 (including 115 recently purchased m-109 a5)

|---- bgcolor=#FFFFFF

|[[Multiple rocket launcher|MRLs]]

|align="center"|unknown

|---- bgcolor=#FFFFFF

|[[Mortar (weapon)|Mortar]]s

|align="center"|unknown

|---- bgcolor=#FFFFFF

|[[Surface-to-surface missile|SSM Launchers]]

|align="center"|300+

|---- bgcolor=#FFFFFF

|Light SAM launchers

|align="center"|850

|---- bgcolor=#FFFFFF

|[[Anti-Aircraft Gun|AA Guns]]

|align="center"|2250

|---- bgcolor=#FFFFFF

|[[Surface-to-surface missile]]s

|align="center"|1,200+

|---- bgcolor=#FFFFFF

|[[Anti-tank guided missile]]

|align="center"|2000+

|}

===Small Arms===

[[Image:G3A3.jpg|240px|thumb|right|Pakistan's License manufactured Heckler & Koch G3 Assault Rifle. This rifle is the standard issue to all Pakistani Infantry Soldiers]]

* [[Heckler & Koch MP5]] 9 mm carbines and the Carbine 1A 9 mm sub-machine guns*

* Machine Gun [[Rheinmetall MG3|MG-3]]*

* SMG PK, Type 1 & 2*

* Automatic Rifle [[Heckler & Koch G3|G-3]], Types A3 & P4*

* Anti Aircraft Machine Gun 12.7 mm, Type 54*

* Steyr SSG-4 and SSG-P2 (sniper rifles)*

* M-82 anti material rifle

* AK-47 (currently bieng phased out)*

* M-4A1 (only in service with SF)

<small>*All Pakistani Small Arms are Indigenously Produced</small>

===[[Main Battle Tank]]s===

[[Image:MBT2000_Al-Khalid.jpg|240px|thumb|right|Pakistan's version of the MBT2000- its Al-Khalid Tank during Desert Trials]]

* T85II AP: - Reportedly 600 in service with more on order.

* T-69: -Actively being phased out (being replaced by Al-khalid or upgraded to Al-Zarrar)

* T-59: - Actively being phased out (being replaced by Al-khalid or upgraded to Al-Zarrar)

* [[Patton tank|M-47]]/48s- Recently replaced by T85II AP and Al-Khalid

* [[MBT 2000]] Al-Khalid: - new generation tank being inducted into the Pakistan Army.

* [[Al-Zarar MBT|Al-Zarar]]: - A substantial upgrade of the T-59 tank, bringing on par with the T-72.

* [[T-80UD/T-84]]: - 320 confirmed in service with another 300 reportedly ordered or in service.

* Al Khalid II Main Battle Tank: - Reportedly under development, it will replace Al Zarrar and T-59 tanks from 2012. Assumed to be on par with the Chinese T-99 MBT.

<small>**M-47/48s, T-59 Tanks are being replaced with Pakistan's Al-Zarar T-59 upgrade, a tripartite venture between Norinco of China, Ukraine's KMDB tank bureau which are handling the bulk of design and development and Pakistan, whose requirements the tank addresses. [[Postwar Sherman Tanks|M4 Sherman tanks]] were historically important in Pakistani military history but are no longer in service.</small>

===Armored Personnel Carriers===

[[Image:APCTalha.jpg|240px|thumb|right|Pakistan's M113 upgrade- Al-Talha Armored Personnel Carrier]]

* [[M113 Armored Personnel Carrier|M113s]] (Pakistan has bought 730 more)

* [[BTR-70]] s

* UR 416M

* Al-Qaswa Logistic Vehicle

* Scorpion

* SAKB Command Post Carrier [pakistani origin]

* Muhafiz [pakistani origin]

* Al-Talha (Pakistan currently operates 400 of these machines and expects to operate 2000 Al-Talha's by 2010)

<small>*Al-Talha APC are upgraded versions of M113 and are currently being manufactured at Heavy Industries Taxila</small>

===Artillery===

====Towed====

[[Image:M110.jpg|240px|thumb|right|American Made M110 howitzers. Pakistan has over 40 of these Guns.]]

* T-56 85 mm

* M-101 105 mm

* M-56 105 mm

* T-60 122 mm

* T-54 122 mm

* T-59I 130 mm

* M-59 155 mm

* M-114 155 mm

* M-198 155 mm

* M-115 203 mm

====Self Propelled====

[[Image:M190_houwitser.png|240px|thumb|right|American Made M109 howitzers. Pakistan has over 150 of these Guns.]]

* M-7 105 mm

* [[M109 howitzer|M109A2]] 155 mm

* [[M110 howitzer|M110A2]] 203 mm

* [[M109 howitzer|M109A5]] 155 mm

===Mortars===

[[Image:type63_m601.jpg|240px|thumb|right|Chinese Made Type 63-1 Mortars. The exact number of these mortars in the Pakistani Army remains classified.]]

* (Type) 81 mm

* AM- 50 & M- 61 Series 120 mm

* Type 63-1

===Multiple Rocket System===

* T-83 Azar 122 mm

* T-81 107 mm

<small>*T-83 Azar MRS is Indigenously produced in Pakistan</small>

===Anti Tank Guided Weapons===

* [[MILAN|Milan ATGM]]

* [[BGM-71 TOW|TOW ATGM]]

* [[BGM-71 TOW|TOW II]] (recently procured)

* [[Bakter-Shikan]] ATGM

===Army Aviation===

* [[AH-1 Cobra|AH-1 COBRA Gunships]] (20)

* [[Mil Mi-8|Mi-8s]]

* French Alloute IIIs

* PUMAs

* Mi-17s

* [[UH-1 Iroquois|UH-1s]]

* Bell-47s

* Bell-412s

* Bell 206s "JetRanger"

* Cessena O-1Es.

===Army Air Defence===

[[Image:SA-7.jpg|right|thumb|300px|A SA-7 missile and launcher.]]

* AA guns ZU-23/33 30, 36, 37 mm

* [[Crotale missile|SAMs CROTALEs]]

* RBS-70

* [[SA-7 Grail|SAM-7]]

* [[FIM-92 Stinger|Stinger Missiles]]

* [[FIM-43 Redeye|Redeye]]

* Anza mk II.

== Missiles ==

[[Image:babur_missile_testing.jpg|220px|thumb|right|Pakistan's Indigenously produced cruise missile Babur.]]

* [[Hatf-I]]

* Hatf-II ([[Abdali-I]])

* [[Ghaznavi (missile)|Hatf-III (Ghaznavi)]]

* M-11

* [[Ghaznavi]]

* [[Ghauri|Hatf-V (Ghauri I)]]

* [[Ghauri-II|Hatf-V (Ghauri II)]] carry Conventional and Nuclear

* [[Ghauri-III]] [[Ballistic missile]] Range 4,000 km

* [[Shaheen missile|Shaheen I]]

* Shaheen II

* Shaheen III

* [[Babur missile]]

It has been recently reported by the Pakistani Press namely Jang that Pakistan has the ability to [[MIRV]] its missiles. This has been seen as possibly the greatest achievement to date. It has also been reported that Pakistan would likely [[MIRV]] its Shaheen II missile.

==Notes==

<references/>

==References==

* [[Indian Army]]

* [[Jane's Defence Weekly]]

==See also==

*[[20FF - 20th Frontier Force]]

* [[List of countries with nuclear weapons]]

* [[Nuclear power]]

* [[Nuclear power in Pakistan]]

* [[Pakistan and weapons of mass destruction]]

* [[Special Service Group]]

* [[Military of Pakistan]]

* [[Fauji Foundation]]

==External links==

{{DEFAULTSORT:Jeni, Richard}}

*[http://www.pakistaniforces.com '''Pakistani Forces News, Military Pictures, Defence Information and Discussions'''] @ '''PakistaniForces.com'''

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