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The '''mesomeric effect''' or '''resonance effect''' in [[chemistry]] is a property of [[substituent]]s or [[functional group]]s in a [[chemical compound]]. The effect is used in a qualitative way and describes the electron withdrawing or releasing properties of substituents based on relevant [[resonance structure]]s and is symbolized by the letter '''M'''. The mesomeric effect is negative ('''-M''') when the substituent is an electron-withdrawing group and the effect is positive ('''+M''') when based on resonance the substituent is an electron releasing group.
{| align="right" border=1 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=2 width=225 style="margin-left:3px"
!align="center" bgcolor="orange" colspan="3"|''drukqs''
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|align="center" colspan="3"|[[Image:Drukqs_album_cover.jpeg]]
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!align="center" bgcolor="orange" colspan="3"|Album by [[Aphex Twin]]
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!align="left" valign="top"|Released
|colspan="2" valign="top"|[[October 22]], [[2001]]
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!align="left" valign="top"|Recorded
|colspan="2" valign="top"|???
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!align="left" valign="top"|[[Musical genre|Genre]]
|colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Ambient music|Ambient]]/[[techno music|Techno]]
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!align="left" valign="top"|Length
|colspan="2" valign="top"|100 [[minute|min]] 41 [[second|sec]]
*Examples of -M substituents: [[acetyl]] (UPAC ethanoyl) - [[nitrile]] - [[nitro]]
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*Examples of +M substituents: [[alcohol]] - [[amine]]
!align="left" valign="top"|[[Record label]]
|colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Warp Records]]
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!align="left" valign="top"|[[Record producer|Producer]]
|colspan="2" valign="top"|[[Richard D. James]]
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!bgcolor="orange" colspan="3"|Professional reviews
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!align="left" valign="top"|<small>''[http://www.allmusic.com/ AMG]''</small>
|valign="top"|3 stars out of 5
|valign="top"|<small>[http://www.allmusic.com/cg/amg.dll?p=amg&uid=UIDMISS70406260849491448&sql=Aqc6xlfde0cqy link]</small>
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!bgcolor="orange" colspan="3"|Aphex Twin Chronology
|-align="center"
|valign="top"|<small>''[[Richard D. James Album]]''<br />([[1996]])</small>
|valign="top"|<small>''drukqs''<br />([[2001]])</small>
|valign="top"|<small></small>
|}
{{wrongtitle|title=drukqs}}
'''''drukqs''''' is an [[experimental music|experimental]] [[double album ]] by Richard D. James, commonly known as [[Aphex Twin]]. It was released [[October]] 22nd, 2001. The title's pronunciation is debatable, due to the cover art capitalizing the "q" , leading to many fans to refer to it as "druck-use" (ie, drug-use). However, ''drukqs'' is spelled all lower case everywhere else on the packaging, so most fans simply pronounce it "drucks".
The net electron flow from or to the substituent is determined also by the [[inductive effect]]. It's important to note that the mesomeric effect as a result of p - orbital overlap (resonance) has absolutely no effect on this inductive effect, as the inductive effect is purely to do with the [[electronegativity]] of the atoms and their structural chemistry (which atoms are connected to which).
After releasing the ''[[Windowlicker]]'' single in [[1999]], James took a long break from recording. During this time, he played [[DJ]] sets in his home of [[Cornwall]], re-released his first album on the [[Warp Records|Warp]] label ''[[(Surfing On Sine Waves)]]'', and spread misinformation that he was retiring from making music. In late [[2001]], [[rumor]]s began circulating about a new album coming out. One of the rumors claimed that Richard had stored the entire new album on an [[MP3]] player, but had lost it on a plane with no backup copies, and that the ''drukqs'' would be a selection of unreleased tracks instead. This is a plausible hypothesis, as the electronic tracks are strikingly similar in style to previous works ''(see the Style section for more details)''. James also seems to be on poor terms with Warp Records, his label, and may have released this half-unreleased tracks/half piano double album to fulfill his contract requirements. Another explanation is that James simply took some time off in between ''Windowlicker'' and ''drukqs''.
The concepts of mesomeric effect, '''mesomerism''' and '''mesomer''' were introduced by [[Christopher Kelk Ingold|Ingold]] in 1938 as an alternative to the [[Linus Pauling|Pauling's]] synonymous concept of [[resonance effect|resonance]] <ref>''If It's Resonance, What Is Resonating?'' Kerber, Robert C. . J. Chem. Educ. '''2006''' 83 223. [http://www.jce.divched.org/Journal/Issues/2006/Feb/abs223.html Abstract]</ref>. Mesomerism is in this context is often encountered in German and French literature but in English literature the term resonance dominates.
== Track listing ==
== External links==
''drukqs'' is comprised of 30 tracks, divided into two discs on the [[Compact Disc|CD]] release (15 songs on each disc), and onto 8 sides on the quadruple vinyl release. Sides A through D are intended to be played at 45 [[rpm]], while sides E through H are meant to be played at 33 [[rpm]] (although many fans find pleasure in listening to the songs sped up or slowed down).
* IUPAC [[Gold Book]] [http://www.iupac.org/goldbook/M03844.pdf definition]
Titles that differ from the more commonly available CD version will be noted by brackets.
* [[List of publications in chemistry#Organic chemistry|Important publications in organic chemistry]]
== References ==
# jynweythek [jynweythek ylow] (2:14)
<references />
# Vordhosbn (4:42)
# Kladfvgbung Micshk (2:00)
# omgyiya-Switch 7 (4:46)
# Strotha tynhe (2:03)
# gwely Mernans (5:00)
# bbydhyonchord (2:21)
# cock/Ver10 (5:17)
# avril 14th (1:55)
# Mt Saint Michel + Saint Michels mount (8:02)
# gwarek2 (6:38)
# Orban eq trx 4 (1:27)
# aussois (0:07)
# hy a Scullyas lyf a dhagrow (2:09)
# Kesson dalef (1:18)
# 54 Cymru beats (5:59)
# btoum-roumada (1:56)
# Lornaderek (0:30)
# QKThF [Penty Harmonium] (1:20)
# meltphace 6 (6:14)
# bit 4 (0:18)
# prep gwarlek 3b (1:13)
# father (0:51)
# taking Control (7:08)
# petiatil cx htdui (2:05)
# ruglen holon (1:45)
# afx237 v.7 (4:15)
# ziggomatic 17 (8:28)
# beskhu3epnm (1:58)
# nanou2 (3:22)
[[Category: 2001Chemical albumsbonding]] ▼As can be seen above, many of the titles are in the [[language]] of [[Cornish language|Cornish]], a celtic language related to [[Welsh]] and [[Breton]] that is found in [[Cornwall]], Richard's home. This may have been done as a tribute to the distinct culture of [[Cornwall]] or [[Kernow]] as it is known in [[Cornish]].
[[de:Mesomerer Effekt]]
''drukqs''' tracks cross over a multitude of musical styles. Many songs (such as "Vordhosbn", "meltphace 6", and "cock/Ver10") sound like a much darker version of his earlier [[drill n bass]] work (''[[Richard D. James Album]]'') using [[acid techno]]-based synthesizers and [[IDM]] snare rushes, albiet much more fast paced than his previous work due to advances in computing between [[1996]] and [[2001]] which allow greater detail and complexity in his music. Another track, "gwely Mernans", sounds much like his [[minimalist]] ''[[Selected Ambient Works Volume II]]''. The majority of the songs on the album, though, take advantage of [[piano]], both [[prepared piano|prepared]] (in the percussive style of [[John Cage]]), and unprepared. These tracks have an acoustic beauty, not commonly associated with an [[electronica]] artist such as James.
"54 Cymru beats" features sounds sampled from "[Equation]", a [[noise music]] experiment from Richard's afformentioned single ''[[Windowlicker]]''.
''drukqs'' is available in three formats for purchase. The first, and most common, is the CD release. The second is the regular 180 gram [[vinyl]] release. Thirdly, the 280 gram [[limited edition]] [[audiophile]] version is available, pressed on heavy virgin (unrecycled) vinyl, presented in a 12" × 17" box, and limited to 1,000 copies.
[[Category:Aphex Twin albums]]
▲[[Category:2001 albums]]
[[Category:Double albums]]
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