London Borough of Brent and Game Oriented Assembly Lisp: Difference between pages

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'''Game Oriented Assembly Lisp''' (or '''GOAL''') is a computer game programming language developed by [[Andy Gavin]] and the [[Jak and Daxter]] team at [[Naughty Dog]]. It was written using [[Allegro Common Lisp]] and used in the development of the entire [[Jak and Daxter]] series of games.

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!colspan=2 align=center bgcolor="#ff9999"|London Borough of Brent

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|colspan=2 align=center|[[Image:LondonBrent.png|200px|Brent]]<br>''Shown within [[Greater London]]''

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!colspan=2 bgcolor="#ff9999"|Geography

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|width="45%"|Status:||[[London borough]]

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|[[Surface area|Area]]:<br>- Total||[[List of English districts by area|Ranked 312th]]<br>[[1 E7 m²|43.24]] [[square kilometre|km&sup2;]]

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|[[ONS coding system|ONS code]]:||00AE

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!colspan=2 bgcolor="#ff9999"|Demographics

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|[[Population]]:<br>- Total ([[2002]] est.)<br>- [[Density]]||[[List of English districts by population|Ranked 26th]]<br>272,448<br>6,301 / km&sup2;

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|Ethnicity:||45.3% White<br>27.7% S.Asian<br>19.9% Afro-Carib.<br>1.1% Chinese

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!colspan=2 bgcolor="#ff9999"|Politics

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|colspan=2 align=center|Brent London Borough Council<br>http://www2.brent.gov.uk/

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|[[Local_government_in_England#Councils_and_councillors|Leadership]]:||Leader & Cabinet

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|Executive:||[[Labour Party (UK)|Labour]]

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|[[MPs elected in the UK general election, 2001|MPs]]:||[[Paul Boateng]], [[Barry Gardiner]], [[Sarah Teather]]

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|[[London Assembly]]:<br>- Member||[[Brent and Harrow]]<br>- [[Robert Blackman]]

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Syntactically GOAL resembles [[Scheme (programming language)|Scheme]], though with many idiosyncratic features inspired by other languages such as classes, inheritance, and virtual functions. An example of what GOAL code looks like can be found at [http://lists.midnightryder.com/pipermail/sweng-gamedev-midnightryder.com/2005-August/003804.html]. GOAL encourages an [[imperative programming]] style: programs tend to be comprised of sequence of events to be executed rather than the [[functional programming]] style of functions to be evaluated recursively. This is a diversion from [[Scheme (programming language)|Scheme]], which allows such [[side-effect (computer science)|side-effects]] but does not encourage imperative style.

The '''London Borough of Brent''' is a [[London borough]] in north west [[London]] which is surrounded by other boroughs: [[London Borough of Harrow|Harrow]] to the northwest, [[London Borough of Barnet|Barnet]] to the northeast, [[London Borough of Camden|Camden]] to the east and [[London Borough of Ealing|Ealing]], [[London Borough of Hammersmith and Fulham|Hammersmith & Fulham]], [[Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea|Kensington & Chelsea]] and [[City of Westminster|Westminster]] to the south.

Like many modern implementations of Common [[Lisp programming language|Lisp]], GOAL does not run in an interpreter, but instead is compiled directly into [[PlayStation 2]] machine code for execution. It offers limited facilities for [[Garbage collection (computer science)|garbage collection]], relying extensively on runtime support. It offers dynamic memory allocation primitives designed to make it well-suited to running in constant memory on a video game console. GOAL has extensive support for [[Inline expansion|inlined]] assembly code using a special <code>rlet</code> form[http://lists.midnightryder.com/pipermail/sweng-gamedev-midnightryder.com/2005-August/003804.html], allowing programmers to freely mix assembly and higher-level constructs within the same function.

==History==

Brent was formed in 1965 from the Boroughs of [[Wembley]] and [[Willesden]] in [[Middlesex, England|Middlesex]]. Its name derives from the [[River Brent]] which runs through the Borough.

The GOAL compiler is implemented in [[Allegro Common Lisp]]. It supports a long term compiling listener session which gives the compiler knowledge about the state of the compiled and therefore running program, including the symbol table. This, in addition to dynamic linking, allows a function to be edited, recompiled, uploaded, and inserted into a running game without having to restart. The process is similar to the "edit and continue" feature offered by some [[C++]] compilers, but allows the programmer to replace arbitrary amounts of code (even up to entire object files), and does not interrupt the running game with the debugger. This feature was used to implement code as well as level streaming in the [[Jak and Daxter]] games.

==Areas==

*[[Alperton]]

*[[Brondesbury]]

*[[Brondesbury Park]]

*[[Church End]]

*[[Dollis Hill]]

*[[Kensal Green]]

*[[Kensal Rise]]

*[[Kenton]] (note: part of Kenton is in [[London Borough of Harrow|Harrow]])

*[[Kilburn]] (note: part of Kilburn is in [[London Borough of Camden|Camden]])

*[[Kingsbury]]

*[[Neasden]]

*[[Park Royal]] (note: part of Park Royal is in [[London Borough of Ealing|Ealing]])

*[[Preston, London, England|Preston]]

*[[Queensbury, London]]

*[[Stonebridge]]

*[[Sudbury, London|Sudbury]]

*[[Tokyngton]]

*[[Wembley]]

*[[Wembley Park]]

*[[Willesden]]

*[[Willesden Green]]

GOAL's first use was for the original [[Jak and Daxter]] PS2 game; the predecessor language, GOOL, was also developed by Andy Gavin for [[Crash Bandicoot (video game)|Crash Bandicoot]].

==Political composition==

The current political composition of Brent Council is:<br>

[[Labour Party (UK)|Labour]]: 35<br>

[[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative]]: 18<br>

[[Liberal Democrats (UK)|Lib Dem]]: 10<br>

==LandmarksExternal links==

* http://www.franz.com/success/customer_apps/animation_graphics/naughtydog.lhtml &mdash; Franz Inc. success story

*[[Wembley Stadium]]

* http://bc.tech.coop/blog/060118.html &mdash; Page about LISP developments by [[Paul Graham]] and [[Naughty Dog]]

*[[Neasden Temple]]

* http://www.gamasutra.com/features/gdcarchive/2003/White_Stephen.ppt &mdash; (Powerpoint) ''Jak & Daxter: The Precursor Legacy'', development overview, lessons learned, very interesting

* http://www.gamasutra.com/features/gdcarchive/2003/Denman_Stu.ppt &mdash; (Powerpoint) ''Highly detalied continuous worlds'', about the streaming world loader

[[Category:Lisp programming language family]]

''The [[Brent Cross]] shopping centre is located in the [[London Borough of Barnet]], not Brent. It takes its name from the River Brent which runs through the site.''

[[Category:LondonFunctional Districtslanguages]]

[[Category:Object-oriented programming languages]]

==External links==

*[http://www.brentbrain.org.uk/ Brain community website]

{{videogame-software-stub}}

{{London}}

[[Category:London Districts]]

[[Category:London Government]]

[[ro:Burgul londonez Brent]]