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Present value and 1990 NSWRL season: Difference between pages

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/* Grand Final report
 
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{{Infobox rugby league season
The '''present value''' of a future cash flow is the nominal amount of [[money]] to change hands at some future date, discounted to account for the [[time value of money]]. A given amount of money is always more valuable sooner than later since this enables one to take advantage of investment opportunities. Because of this present values are smaller than corresponding [[future value]]s.
| year = 1990
| competition = New South Wales Rugby League
| image = nswrl_1988.jpg
| imagesize = 150px
| caption = Logo of the [[New South Wales Rugby League|NSWRL]]
| teams = 16
| premiers = [[Image:Canberra colours.png|16x16px]] [[Canberra Raiders|Canberra]]
| count = 2nd
| minor premiers = [[Image:Canberra colours.png|16x16px]] [[Canberra Raiders|Canberra]]
| mpcount = 1st
| matches = 183
| points = 6107
| attendance = 2209354
| top points scorer = [[Image:Canberra colours.png|16x16px]] [[Mal Meninga]] (212 points)
| top try scorer = [[Image:Canberra colours.png|16x16px]] [[Mal Meninga]] (17 tries)
}}
This article details [[1990]]'s [[New South Wales Rugby League premiership]], the 83rd season of [[rugby league football]] played in Australia. The [[Canberra Raiders]] won their second premiership in consecutive years, defeating the [[Penrith Panthers]] in the Grand Final.
 
==Ladder==
The simplest model of the time value of money is [[interest|compound interest]], which is in fact much simpler than [[interest|simple interest]]. To someone who has the opportunity to [[investment|invest]] an amount of money ''C'' for ''t'' years at a rate of interest of ''i''% compounded annually, the present value of the receipt of ''C'', ''t'' [[year]]s in the [[future]], is:<br>
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
C<sub>t</sub> = ''C'' &middot; (1 + ''i'')<sup>&minus;''t''</sup><br>
|-
The expression (1 + ''i'')<sup>&minus;''t''</sup> enters almost all calculations of present value. It represents the present value of 1. Many [[equation]]s are expressed more concisely by making the substitution ''v'' = (1 + ''i'')<sup>&minus;1</sup>. Something worth 1 at [[time]] = ''t'' (years in the future) is worth ''v''<sup>''t''</sup> at time = 0 (the present).
!width=20 abbr="Position×" |
!width=175 |Team
!width=20 abbr="Played" |Pld
!width=20 abbr="Won" |W
!width=20 abbr="Drawn" |D
!width=20 abbr="Lost" |L
!width=20 abbr="Points for" |PF
!width=20 abbr="Points against" |PA
!width=20 abbr="Points difference" |PD
!width=20 abbr="Points" |Pts
|- style="background: #ccffcc;"
|1||style="text-align:left;"| [[Image:Canberra colours.png|16x16px]] [[Canberra Raiders]]
|22||16||1||5||532||245||+287||'''33'''
|- style="background: #ccffcc;"
|2||style="text-align:left;"| [[Image:Brisbane colours.png|16x16px]] [[Brisbane Broncos]]
|22||16||1||5||478||278||+200||'''33'''
|- style="background: #ccffcc;"
|3||style="text-align:left;"| [[Image:Penrith colours.png|16x16px]] [[Penrith Panthers|Penrith]]
|22||15||1||6||415||286||+129||'''31'''
|- style="background: #ccffcc;"
|4||style="text-align:left;"| [[Image:Manly colours.png|16x16px]] [[Manly-Warringah Sea Eagles|Manly-Warringah]]
|22||15||0||7||395||255||+125||'''30'''
|- style="background: #ccffcc;"
|5||style="text-align:left;"| [[Image:Balmain colours.png|16x16px]] [[Balmain Tigers|Balmain]]
|22||14||0||8||432||284||+148||'''28'''
|- style="background: #ccffcc;"
|6||style="text-align:left;"| [[Image:Newcastle colours.png|16x16px]] [[Newcastle Knights]]
|22||13||2||7||344||305||+39||'''28'''
|-
|7||style="text-align:left;"| [[Image:Canterbury colours.png|16x16px]] [[Canterbury-Bankstown Bulldogs|Canterbury-Bankstown]]
|22||12||1||9||354||291||+65||'''25'''
|-
|8||style="text-align:left;"| [[Image:Parramatta colours.png|16x16px]] [[Parramatta Eels|Parramatta]]
|22||12||1||9||387||347||+40||'''25'''
|-
|9||style="text-align:left;"| [[Image:Illawarra colours.png|16x16px]] [[Illawarra Steelers|Illawarra]]
|22||11||1||10||366||361||+5||'''23'''
|-
|10||style="text-align:left;"| [[Image:Cronulla colours.png|16x16px]] [[Cronulla-Sutherland Sharks|Cronulla-Sutherland]]
|22||11||0||11||370||359||+11||'''22'''
|-
|11||style="text-align:left;"| [[Image:North Sydney colours.png|16x16px]] [[North Sydney Bears|North Sydney]]
|22||10||0||12||322||298||+24||'''20'''
|-
|12||style="text-align:left;"| [[Image:St. George colours.png|16x16px]] [[St. George Dragons|St. George]]
|22||8||0||14||371||399||-28||'''16'''
|-
|13||style="text-align:left;"| [[Image:Western Suburbs colours.png|16x16px]] [[Western Suburbs Magpies|Western Suburbs]]
|22||6||1||15||323||433||-110||'''13'''
|-
|14||style="text-align:left;"| [[Image:Eastern Suburbs colours.png|16x16px]] [[Sydney Roosters|Eastern Suburbs]]
|22||6||1||15||283||547||-264||'''13'''
|-
|15||style="text-align:left;"| [[Image:Northern Eagles colours.png<!-- This is not a typo. The colours for gold coast at the time resembled the northern eagles' colours more than any other set of colours available. -->|16x16px]] [[Gold Coast Chargers|Gold Coast Seagulls]]
|22||4||0||18||233||567||-334||'''8'''
|-
|16||style="text-align:left;"| [[Image:South Sydney colours.png|16x16px]] [[South Sydney Rabbitohs|South Sydney]]
|22||2||0||20||302||652||-350||'''4'''
|-
|}
 
==Finals==
Present value is [[additive]]. The present value of a bundle of [[cash flow]]s is the sum of each one's present value.
{| border=1 style="border-collapse:collapse; font-size:90%;" cellpadding=3 cellspacing=0 width=100%
 
|- bgcolor=#C1D8FF
Many financial arrangements (including [[bond (finance)|bonds]], other [[loan]]s, [[lease]]s, salaries, membership dues, [[annuity|annuities]], straight-line [[depreciation]] charges) stipulate ''structured payment'' schedules, which is to say payment of the same amount at regular time intervals. The term ''annuity'' is often used in to refer to any such arrangement when discussing calculation of present value, whether or not the arrangement is a [[retirement]] plan. The expressions for the present value of such payments amount to [[summation]]s of [[geometric series]].
!rowspan=2 width=21%|Home
!rowspan=2 width=6%|Score
!rowspan=2 width=21%|Away
!colspan=6|Match Information
|- bgcolor=#EFEFEF
!width=17%|Date and Time
!width=17%|Venue
!width=11%|Referee
!width=7%|Crowd
 
|- bgcolor="#D0E7FF"
A periodic amount receivable indefinitely is called a [[perpetuity]] and is of mostly theoretical interest. A perpetuity receivable starting at the present time is called a ''perpetuity due''. If the frequency of payments equals the frequency of interest compounding, the present value of a perpetuity due with payments of 1, is given by ''d''<sup>&minus;1</sup>, where ''d'' = 1 &minus; (1 + ''i'')<sup>&minus;1</sup>, and is called the ''rate of discount''. In this case, ''i'' is the interest rate ''per period'', not necessarily per year. If the first payment is 1 period in the future, the annuity is a ''perpetuity immediate'', and the present value is ''i''<sup>&minus;1</sup>.
| align=center colspan=7 | '''Play Off for 5th place'''
 
|- align=center bgcolor=#F5FAFF
A [[finite]] number (''n'') of periodic payments, receivable at times 1 through ''n'', is an ''annuity immediate''. Again assuming payment size of 1, its present value differs from the present value of the corresponding perpetuity immediate by an amount that is the present value of all the payments numbered ''n'' + 1 and above. The latter has a value of ''i''<sup>&minus;1</sup> at time ''n'', and ''v''<sup>''n''</sup>''i''<sup> &minus; 1</sup> at time 0. The present value of the annuity immediate is ''i''<sup>&minus;1</sup> &minus; ''v''<sup>''n''</sup>''i''<sup>&minus;1</sup>, or ''i''<sup>&minus;1</sup>(1 &minus; ''v''<sup>''n''</sup>). An ''annuity due'' receivable at times 0 through ''n'' &minus; 1 has a present value of ''d''<sup>&minus;1</sup>(1 &minus; ''v''<sup>''n''</sup>).
|align=left | [[Image:Balmain colours.png|16x16px]] [[Balmain Tigers|Balmain]]
|12-4
|align=left | [[Image:Newcastle colours.png|16x16px]] [[Newcastle Knights]]
|28 August 1990
|[[Parramatta Stadium]]
|B.Harrigan
|19,174
 
|- bgcolor="#D0E7FF"
This entire discussion thus far makes some enormous assumptions:
| align=center colspan=7 | '''Minor Preliminary Semi-Final'''
* That it is not necessary to account for price [[inflation]].
* That it is not necessary to account for variable interest rates.
* That receipt of payments when due is certain.
* That we will live long enough to receive payments receivable by us in the future.
 
|- align=center bgcolor=#F5FAFF
For these and many other reasons, we consider prediction of the future value to be an inexact [[science]].
|align=left | [[Image:Manly colours.png|16x16px]] [[Manly-Warringah Sea Eagles|Manly-Warringah]]
|16-0
|align=left | [[Image:Balmain colours.png|16x16px]] [[Balmain Tigers|Balmain]]
|1 September 1990
|[[Aussie Stadium|SFS]]
|B.Harrigan
|30,965
 
|- bgcolor="#D0E7FF"
==Present Value==
| align=center colspan=7 | '''Major Preliminary Semi-Final'''
One hundred units 1 year from now at 5% interest rate is today worth:
:<math>{\rm Present\ value}=\frac{\rm future\ amount}{(1+{\rm interest\ rate})^{\rm term}}=\frac{\ 100}{1.05}=\ 95.23.</math>
So the present value of 100 units 1 year from now at 5% is 95.23 units. See [[present value]] for details.
A different way of stating the formula --> PV = FV/((1+r)^n)); r = interest rate; n = number of periods.
Alternative formula 1:
Present Value = Future Value * ((1 + interest rate r)^(negative period n)). -->
Restated: PV=FV*((1+r)^(-n)). Note: All of the above is in regards to a single lump sum amount.
There is a separate formula to calculate PV of annuities. For present value of annuities, use this formula -->
PV annuity = ((1-((1+r)^-n))/r) * (payment amount).
 
|- align=center bgcolor=#F5FAFF
==See also==
|align=left | [[Image:Penrith colours.png|16x16px]] [[Penrith Panthers|Penrith]]
*[[Net present value]]
|26-16
|align=left | [[Image:Brisbane colours.png|16x16px]] [[Brisbane Broncos]]
|2 September 1990
|[[Aussie Stadium|SFS]]
|E.Ward
|24,409
 
|- bgcolor="#D0E7FF"
[[category:finance]]
| align=center colspan=7 | '''Minor Semi-Final'''
 
|- align=center bgcolor=#F5FAFF
|align=left | [[Image:Brisbane colours.png|16x16px]] [[Brisbane Broncos]]
|12-4
|align=left | [[Image:Manly colours.png|16x16px]] [[Manly-Warringah Sea Eagles|Manly-Warringah]]
|8 September 1990
|[[Aussie Stadium|SFS]]
|B.Harrigan
|31,424
 
|- bgcolor="#D0E7FF"
| align=center colspan=7 | '''Major Semi-Final'''
 
|- align=center bgcolor=#F5FAFF
|align=left | [[Image:Penrith colours.png|16x16px]] [[Penrith Panthers|Penrith]]
|30-12
|align=left | [[Image:Canberra colours.png|16x16px]] [[Canberra Raiders|Canberra]]
|9 September 1990
|[[Aussie Stadium|SFS]]
|G.McCallum
|35,263
 
|- bgcolor="#D0E7FF"
| align=center colspan=7 | '''Preliminary Final'''
 
|- align=center bgcolor=#F5FAFF
|align=left | [[Image:Canberra colours.png|16x16px]] [[Canberra Raiders|Canberra]]
|32-4
|align=left | [[Image:Brisbane colours.png|16x16px]] [[Brisbane Broncos]]
|16 September 1990
|[[Aussie Stadium|SFS]]
|B.Harrigan
|31,628
 
|- bgcolor="#D0E7FF"
| align=center colspan=7 | '''Grand Final'''
 
|- align=center bgcolor=#F5FAFF
|align=left | [[Image:Canberra colours.png|16x16px]] [[Canberra Raiders|Canberra]]
|18-14
|align=left | [[Image:Penrith colours.png|16x16px]] [[Penrith Panthers|Penrith]]
|23 September 1990
|[[Aussie Stadium|SFS]]
|B.Harrigan
|41,535
|}
 
 
==Grand Final==
{| align="left" class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%"
|- bgcolor="#FF0033"
! width="130"|Raiders
! width="40"|Position
! width="130"|Panthers
|- align=center
| [[Gary Belcher]] || [[Rugby League positions#Fullback|FB]]|| David Greene
|- align=center
| Paul Martin || [[Rugby League positions#Wing|WG]]|| Alan McIndoe
|- align=center
| [[Mal Meninga]] (C) || [[Rugby League positions#Centre|CE]] || [[Brad Fittler]]
|- align=center
| [[Laurie Daley]] || [[Rugby League positions#Centre|CE]]|| Col Bentley
|- align=center
| [[John Ferguson (rugby league)|John Ferguson]] || [[Rugby League positions#Wing|WG]] || Paul Smith
|- align=center
| Chris O'Sullivan || [[Rugby League positions#Stand-off|FE]]|| [[Brad Izzard]]
|- align=center
| [[Ricky Stuart]] || [[Rugby League positions#Scrum-half|HB]] || [[Greg Alexander]]
|- align=center
| Brent Todd || [[Rugby League positions#Prop forward|PR]]|| Paul Clarke
|- align=center
| [[Steve Walters]] || [[Rugby League positions#Hooker|HK]]|| [[Royce Simmons]] (C)
|- align=center
| [[Glenn Lazarus]] || [[Rugby League positions#Prop forward|PR]] || Barry Walker
|- align=center
| Nigel Gaffey || [[Rugby League positions#Second-row forward|SR]] || [[Mark Geyer]]
|- align=center
| Gary Coyne || [[Rugby League positions#Second-row forward|SR]] || [[John Cartwright (rugby league) |John Cartwright]]
|- align=center
| Dean Lance || [[Rugby League positions#Loose forward|LK]] || [[Chris Mortimer]]
|- align=center
| Martin Wood|| Bench || Steve Carter
|- align=center
| Phil Carey || Bench || Joe Vitanza
|- align=center
| [[Craig Bellamy]] || Bench ||
|- align=center
| David Barnhill || Bench ||
|- align=center
| [[Tim Sheens]] || Coach || [[Phil Gould]]
|-
|}
 
'''Canberra Raiders vs. Penrith Panthers'''
 
'''23 September 1990'''
 
'''Canberra 18''' (Tries: Ferguson, Daley, Wood ; Goals: Meninga 3)
 
defeated
 
'''Penrith 14''' (Tries: Fittler, Smith, Alexander; Goals: Alexander 1 )
 
'''Referee:''' Bill Harrigan
 
'''Stadium:''' [[Sydney Football Stadium]]
 
'''Crowd:''' 41,535
 
'''[[Clive Churchill Medal]]:'''[[Ricky Stuart]] (Canberra)
 
Penrith were attempting to become the first team to win a Grand Final at a first attempt, but came up against a superb Canberra outfit who knew what finals football was all about. Extra time in the reserve grade grand final followed by the pre-match entertainment running late, combined to put the scheduled kick off 30 minutes behind time. This may have played into the hand of the experienced Raiders and served to rattle the young Panthers.
 
Canberra jumped to a 12-nil lead in the opening minutes after Raiders halfback, Ricky Stuart laid on tries for winger [[John Ferguson]] and [[Laurie Daley]] and the match appeared as good as over despite a strengthening of Penrith's defence as they recovered.
 
The Panthers came back to trail 12-10 after [[Greg Alexander]] put [[Brad Fittler]] in for a try just before half-time and Paul Smith in for another seven minutes into the second half.
 
Canberra moved to 18-10 in the second half when replacement winger Matthew Wood scored and a late try from Alexander still left Penrith trailing 18-14 at the full-time siren.
 
Both sides finished with three tries each but the wizadry of Stuart was the difference.
 
<br style="clear:both;" />
 
==Season advertising==
1990 saw the NSWRL's advertising shift to a new level of sophistication, marking the first use of [[Tina Turner]]'s 1989 hit [[The Best (song)|The Best]]. The league and its Sydney advertising agency Hertz Walpole struck gold in forging a link between the game and the song, which would become the soundtrack to a marketing success story that skyrocketed right up to a point of self-implosion in the [[Super League war]] of 1996-1997.
 
Tina Turner's manager [[Roger Davies]] contacted agency chief Jim Walpole in 1989 to advise that Turner's upcoming album [[Foreign Affair]] was to contain a rendition of a [[Mike Chapman]] and [[Holly Knight]] song which might possibly be of interest to Walpole's NSWRL client. The track, which had been previously released by [[Bonnie Tyler]] with modest results, would prove to be one of Turner's most successful singles. After hearing demo tracks, Walpole and the NSWRL General Manager John Quayle and his marketing staff sensed the linkage could be perfect.
 
Turner was brought to Australia amid much public interest for a massive film shoot where enough footage was secured for advertisements for both the 1990 and [[NSWRL season 1991|1991 season]]s.
 
The finished 1990 advertisement, in its full two-minute version, tells the story of Turner's touchdown at Sydney Aiport and a scurry through paparazzi; she then finds herself in a warehouse training scene that's more glamour than grit where players from a number of clubs are working out on weights and climbing vertical chains. She plays touch footy on a beach, attends a lunch where she cheekily surprises [[Gavin Miller]], whom she had met at the 1989 UK shoot, and later arrives by helicopter to a black-tie dinner with [[Andrew Ettingshausen]] and [[Gene Miles]]. Throughout are the de rigeur big hits and action shots, with Turner cheering in a replica grand final crowd, and finally congratulating the [[NSWRL season 1989|1989 premiership]] captain, [[Mal Meninga]].
 
==Links==
[[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=llo6Ll6aSfI&mode=related&search]] ''1990 Winfield Cup 2min TVC''
 
==References==
* [http://www.stats.rleague.com/rl/seas/1990.html Rugby League Tables - Season 1990] ''The World of Rugby League''
==See also==
*[[New South Wales Rugby League premiership]]
*[[Winfield Cup]]
*[[Brisbane Broncos 1990]]
 
{{National Rugby League}}
[[de:Barwert]]
[[Category:1990 in sports|NSWRL]]
[[Category:1990 in Australia|NSWRL]]
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Present_value"