PATH (rail system) and Jenny McCarthy: Difference between pages

Revision as of 02:53, 8 January 2006

Revision as of 20:55, 19 June 2007

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{{Infobox SGPlayboy rail|Playmate

| name=Jenny McCarthy

railroad_name=Port Authority Trans-Hudson|

| image-name=Jenny McCarthy at E3 2006.jpg

logo_filename=no image.png|

| month=October 1993

logo_size=|

| birthplace=[[Chicago]], [[Illinois]]

old_gauge=|

| birthdate={{birth date and age|1972|11|1}}

marks=HDM|

| bust=38 |waist=24 |hips=34

locale=[[New York, NY]] and northeast [[New Jersey]]|

| height={{Height|ft=5|in=7}}

start_year=[[1908]]|

| weight={{Weight|lb=121}}

end_year=present|

| preceded=[[Carrie Westcott]]

hq_city=[[New York, NY]]

| succeeded=[[Julianna Young]]

| pmoy-year=1994

| pmoy-preceded=[[Anna Nicole Smith]]

| pmoy-succeeded=[[Julie Lynn Cialini]]

}}

'''Jennifer McCarthy''' (born [[November 1]], [[1972]]) is an [[United States|American]] [[model (person)|model]], [[comedian]], [[actor|actress]] and [[author]]. She first appeared in ''[[Playboy]]'' magazine in October 1993 and was named [[List of Playmates of the Year|Playmate of the Year]] in its June 1994 issue. She later began a career in television and film and has recently started writing books. She and fellow model and actress [[Pamela Anderson]] are generally considered the most recognizable Playboy Playmates.

== Biography ==

'''Port Authority Trans-Hudson''' ('''PATH''') is a [[rapid transit]] railroad linking [[Manhattan]], [[New York]] with [[New Jersey]], and providing service to [[Jersey City, New Jersey|Jersey City]], [[Hoboken, New Jersey|Hoboken]], [[Harrison, New Jersey|Harrison]], and [[Newark, New Jersey|Newark]]. It is operated by the [[Port Authority of New York and New Jersey]]. While some PATH stations are adjacent to [[New York City Subway]], [[Newark City Subway]] and [[Hudson-Bergen Light Rail]] stations, there are no free transfers, and the four systems operate independently.

=== Early life ===

She was cool. And it was good.

PATH spans 13.8 miles (22.2 km) of route mileage, not including any route overlap.

McCarthy was born in [[Chicago, Illinois]], to a middle-class [[Irish American]] [[Catholic]] family that lived in Southwest Chicago in the [[West Elsdon, Chicago|West Elsdon]] neighborhood. She is the second of four daughters; her sisters are named [[Joanne McCarthy|Joanne]], [[Amy McCarthy|Amy]] and Lynette. Her mother, Linda, was a housewife, and her father, Dan McCarthy, was a steel mill foreman.<ref>http://www.nytimes.com/specials/magazine4/articles/mccarthy.html</ref> She attended St. Turibius Grade School on Chicago's South Side. As a teenager, McCarthy attended [[Mother McAuley Liberal Arts High School]] (whose school sweater she donned in the pages of ''Playboy'') and was cheerleader at both [[Brother Rice High School]] and [[St. Laurence High School]]s,<ref>Austin, Michael and Jennifer Wehunt, "Before They Were Famous," ''[[Chicago (magazine)|Chicago]]'', pg. 76, February 2007, Volume 56, number 2.</ref><!-- no citation for status as cheerleading captain--> although she has referred to herself as an "outcast" at her school.<ref>http://www.usaweekend.com/98_issues/980719/980719talk_mccarthy.html</ref> After McCarthy graduated from high school, she attended [[Southern Illinois University Carbondale]] to study nursing. She needed money to pay for college, so she decided to submit her picture to ''[[Playboy]]'' magazine to make money. She was accepted and became a model.

=== Modeling and acting career ===

PATH trains only use tunnels in Manhattan and parts of New Jersey (specifically, Hoboken and downtown Jersey City). The tracks cross the [[Hudson River]] through century-old [[cast iron]] tubes that rest on the river bottom under a thin layer of muck. PATH routes in most of New Jersey run in open cuts, at grade level, and on elevated track.

After getting accepted by ''Playboy'' in 1993, the magazine wanted her to pose for the October issue. McCarthy was paid $30,000 for the photo shoot. McCarthy became the Playmate of the Month and later the Playmate of the Year. With this, McCarthy gained attention and popularity. In [[1994]], McCarthy moved to [[Los Angeles, California|Los Angeles]]. For a time, she hosted ''Hot Rocks'', a [[Playboy TV]] show featuring uncensored [[music video]]s.

In [[1995]], [[MTV]] chose McCarthy to be the host of a new dating show called ''[[Singled Out]]'', for which she left ''Hot Rocks''. Her job as a host was a success, and Playboy wanted her to model more. In [[1996]], McCarthy landed a small part in the comedy ''[[The Stupids]]''. In [[1997]] McCarthy launched two shows. The first one was an MTV sketch comedy show called ''The Jenny McCarthy Show'', which was popular enough that NBC signed her to do a sitcom later that year called ''Jenny'', generally considered a disappointment and was quickly canceled. Also in [[1997]], she appeared on one of two covers for the September issue of ''Playboy'', the other cover had [[Pamela Anderson]] on the cover. McCarthy also released an autobiography: ''Jen-X''. McCarthy once modeled for Candies, a shoe company. In one advertisement, McCarthy posed naked wearing only shoes and having her panties off while sitting on a toilet seat. This stirred a controversy.

[[Image:Jersey-city-exchange-place-platform.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Hoboken- and Newark-bound platform at [[Exchange Place (PATH)|Exchange Place]] station in Jersey City.]]

In [[1998]], McCarthy starred in ''[[BASEketball]]''. In [[1999]], she starred in ''[[Diamonds (1999 film)|Diamonds]]'', a movie which was directed by her husband [[John Mallory Asher]]. The next year, she appeared in the popular horror movie ''[[Scream 3]]''. Since [[2001]], McCarthy has guest-starred in many shows as ''[[Stacked]]'', ''[[Charmed]]'', ''[[The Drew Carey Show]]'', ''[[Fastlane (TV series)|Fastlane]]'' and ''[[Just Shoot Me!]]''.

==History==

In [[2003]], McCarthy appeared in ''[[Scary Movie 3]]'' along with model and actress [[Pamela Anderson]]. In [[2005]], McCarthy produced, wrote and starred in ''[[Dirty Love]]'' along with [[Carmen Electra]]. The same year, McCarthy hosted a new show on [[E!]] called ''Party at the Palms''. The reality show, which is filmed at [[The Palms]] Hotel in [[Las Vegas, Nevada|Las Vegas]], features hotel guests, party goers and celebrities acting outrageously with McCarthy. In March 2006, she was given [[2005 Golden Raspberry Awards|Razzie Awards]] for "Worst Actress," "Worst Screenplay," and "Worst Picture" for her work on ''Dirty Love'', which also netted her then-husband, [[John Mallory Asher|John Asher]], a Razzie for "Worst Director."

[[image:PATH junction.jpg|thumb|200px|right|A drawing of the northern of the two underground junctions on the New Jersey side. The two western tracks at the bottom were never built.]]

=== Public persona ===

PATH, originally known as the '''Hudson and Manhattan Railroad''', predates the New York City subway system (the [[Interborough Rapid Transit Company|IRT]]). Although the railroad was first planned in [[1874]], existing technologies could not safely tunnel under the [[Hudson River]]. Construction began on the existing tunnels in [[1890]], but stopped shortly thereafter when funding ran out. Indeed, construction did not resume until [[1900]] under the direction of [[William Gibbs McAdoo]], an ambitious, young lawyer who had moved to New York from [[Tennessee]]. McAdoo would later become president of what would, for many years, be known as the '''H&M''', '''Hudson Tubes''' or '''McAdoo Tunnels'''.

Though McCarthy initially rose to fame because of her sexual image, a frequent source of her celebrity derives from [[toilet humor]], particularly the shock of seeing a beautiful woman urinate, vomit, pass gas, or pick her nose.

Another Candies ad, which did not cause as much controversy, found McCarthy passing gas in a crowded elevator. A sketch on her MTV show centered around her character, a well-coifed business woman, answering the question of "What did you have for lunch?" by forcing herself to vomit all over a table (which she then ate on-screen). The direct contrast of McCarthy's reputation as a sex symbol and this often grotesque humor is closely associated with her image. This image was taken to a new extreme in her film ''Dirty Love'', which featured McCarthy's character sitting in a massive pool of her own [[menstrual blood]].[http://www.hecklerspray.com/glory-at-the-razzies-for-tom-cruise-nicole-kidman/20062393.php]

The first trains ran in [[1907]] and revenue service started between Hoboken and 19th Street at midnight on [[February 26]], [[1908]]. On [[July 19]], [[1909]], service began between Lower Manhattan and Jersey City, through a set of tunnels located about 1 1/4 miles south of the first pair. After the completion of the uptown Manhattan extension to 33rd Street and the westward extension to Newark and the now-defunct Manhattan Transfer in [[1911]], the Hudson and Manhattan Railroad was considered to be complete. The cost of the entire project was estimated at between $55 and $60 million, equal to more than $1 billion in present-day dollars.

McCarthy has authored a series of three books about her experience with pregnancy and raising her son, Evan.

Originally, the Hudson Tubes were designed to link the major railroad stations in New Jersey &mdash; [[Lackawanna Railroad|Lackawanna]] in Hoboken, [[Erie Railroad|Erie]] and [[Pennsylvania Railroad|PRR]] in Jersey City &mdash; with New York City. While it still provides a connection to train stations in Hoboken and Newark, the commuter train stations at Erie (now Pavonia-Newport) and Exchange Place have since closed down. In recent years, the old rail yards at Pavonia and Exchange Place have been replaced with large-scale office, residential, and retail developments.

* ''Belly Laughs: The Naked Truth about Pregnancy and Childbirth''

* ''Baby Laughs: The Naked Truth about the First Year of Mommyhood''

* ''Life Laughs: The Naked Truth about Motherhood, Marriage, and Moving On''.[http://www.amazon.com/s/ref=nb_ss_b/105-8650915-7462816?url=search-alias%3Dstripbooks&field-keywords=+%22jenny+mccarthy%22+&Go.x=0&Go.y=0&Go=Go]

McCarthy is also an occasional columnist for ''[[FHM]]'' magazine and is currently a spokesperson for [[Weight Watchers]].

=== Personal life ===

The original plan included an agreement between H&M and the [[Pennsylvania Railroad]] whereby PRR traffic headed for Lower Manhattan would transfer at [[Manhattan Transfer (PRR station)|Manhattan Transfer]] to the Hudson Tubes, and H&M would operate all traffic &mdash; ferry, train, or tube &mdash; between Lower Manhattan and Newark. The Tubes would also take over operation of the Jersey City Pennsylvania Railroad station at Exchange Place, when the new [[Pennsylvania Station (New York)|Pennsylvania Station]] in midtown Manhattan were to open, which would have its own tunnel under the Hudson River. Penn Station in Manhattan did open some ten years later, but the plans had changed; the PRR maintained operation of its Jersey City Station and they also maintained their ferries between Exchange Place and Lower Manhattan. Additionally, the route between Journal Square (then Summit Avenue) and Newark became a joint operation of the H&M and PRR.

In [[1993]], McCarthy underwent [[breast augmentation]] to enhance her look as a model for ''[[Playboy]]''. Borrowing a page from fellow [[Playmate]] [[Pamela Anderson]]'s publicity playbook, McCarthy took them out in 1998.

McCarthy dated her manager Ray Manzella for a short time in 1998. After breaking up with Manzella, McCarthy began dating actor/director [[John Mallory Asher|John Asher]]. The couple got engaged in [[January]] [[1999]], and married that year on [[September 11]]. They have a son, Evan Joseph, born on [[May 18]], [[2002]]. In [[August]] [[2005]], McCarthy and Asher filed for [[divorce]].

[[Image:Hudson Terminal signs.jpg|thumb|left|300px|The entrance to the old [[Hudson Terminal]], with all the stations on the line to Newark listed. Passengers on the [[Pennsylvania Limited]] to [[Chicago]] transferred to the [[Pennsylvania Railroad|PRR]] along the way.]]

In a February [[2006]] interview with [[Howard Stern]], [[pornography|adult]] actress [[Jenna Jameson]] said she had two sexual encounters with McCarthy.<ref>http://www.marksfriggin.com/news06/1-30.htm#wed</ref> When McCarthy visited Stern's show in April 2006, she denied having sex with Jameson, but said she "made out" with her during the two encounters. McCarthy also took a [[polygraph|lie detector]] test and passed the questions regarding Jameson. During the appearance, McCarthy also admitted to having performed [[oral sex]] on women and that she cheated on her ex-husband with both men and women.<ref>http://marksfriggin.com/news06/4-24.htm#tue</ref> However, in a later appearance on ''[[Jimmy Kimmel Live]]'', she claimed they didn't cheat on each other because it was totally agreed upon.

Attempts to extend the Tubes to [[Astor Place (IRT Lexington Avenue Line station)|Astor Place]] and [[Grand Central Terminal]] failed, even after some construction began on the extension. There was also a plan to build an extension from the curve west of Hoboken Terminal to where [[Secaucus Junction]] is now, and a plan for a north-south connection from the 33rd Street Station south on Broadway to Union Square and then a new alignment to Hudson Terminal.

In December [[2005]], McCarthy began dating actor [[Jim Carrey]]. They did not make their relationship public until June 2006.

The opening of the [[Holland Tunnel]] in [[1927]], coupled with the [[Great Depression|Depression]] that began shortly after, marked the decline of the Hudson and Manhattan Railroad. Later, the construction of the [[Lincoln Tunnel]] and the [[George Washington Bridge]] further enticed people away from the railroad.

In May [[2007]], McCarthy announced that her son was diagnosed with autism and would be coming out with a book on the subject shortly. ''Louder Than Words: A Mother's Journey in Healing Autism'' is due out in September of 2007.

Promotions and other advertising proved ineffectual at slowing the financial decline. In the 1950s, H&M fell into bankruptcy. However, the Tubes would not be taken over by the Port Authority until the late 1960s. For decades, New Jersey politicians wanted the Port Authority to operate the vital transit link, but Port Authority officials were reluctant to assume the money losing operation, and New York politicians did not want extra Port Authority money spent in New Jersey. The compromise was reached over the [[World Trade Center]]. The Port Authority agreed to purchase and maintain the Tubes in return for the rights to build the World Trade Center on the lands occupied by H&M's Hudson Terminal, which was the Lower Manhattan terminus of the Tubes.

She lives in [[Sherman Oaks, California]], next to heiress [[Margo Wilson]]. Her cousin is [[Melissa McCarthy]] of the [[Gilmore Girls]].

In [[1962]], the Hudson and Manhattan Railroad Company ceased operation of the Hudson Tubes, and service began through the Port Authority Trans-Hudson Corporation, a subsidiary organization of the Port Authority.

== Appearances in ''Playboy'' special editions ==

Recently, the Port Authority has allocated funds to conduct a feasibility study of extending PATH two miles south of [[Pennsylvania Station (Newark)|Newark Penn Station]] to [[Newark Liberty International Airport]]. If the project is deemed to be possible from an engineering, operational, and financial standpoint, the Port Authority would include funding for the project in its Capital Plan. The extension to Newark Airport is estimated to cost $500 million. Extensions of PATH to Newark Airport and [[Plainfield, New Jersey]] have been on the drawing board for years, but there has been no movement on either project.

* ''Playboy's Playmate Review'' Vol. 10 May 1994 - front & back covers, pages 82-91.

* ''Playboy's Girls of Summer '94'' June 1994.

* ''Playboy's Book of Lingerie'' Vol. 38 July 1994.

* ''Playboy's Playmates at Play'' July 1994 - pages 6-7.

* ''Playboy's Book of Lingerie'' Vol. 39 September 1994 - page 25.

* ''Playboy's Wet & Wild Playmates'' September 1994 - page 73.

* ''Playboy's Book of Lingerie'' Vol. 40 November 1994.

* ''Playboy's Nudes'' November 1994 - cover.

* ''Playboy's Playmates in Bed'' Vol. 1 January 1995.

* ''Playboy's Supermodels'' February 1995.

* ''Playboy's Book of Lingerie'' Vol. 44 July 1995 - cover.

* ''Playboy's Nudes'' October 1995.

* ''Playboy's Winter Girls'' February 1996.

* ''Playboy's Celebrating Centerfolds'' Vol. 1 December 1998 - pages 6-7.

== Filmography ==

==Construction of the tunnels==

* ''[[Things to Do in Denver When You're Dead]]'' ([[1995]])

[[Image:PATH original plan.gif|thumb|right|300px|One of the original plans, with branches to the [[IRT Lexington Avenue Line]] and the [[Central Railroad of New Jersey]] terminal]]

* ''[[The Stupids (film)|The Stupids]]'' ([[1996]])

The first tunnel (the northernmost of the uptown pair) was originally built without an excavation shield or iron construction because the chief engineer of the time, [[DeWitt Haskins]], believed that the river silt was strong enough to maintain the tunnel's form (with the help of compressed air) until a 2 1/2 foot thick brick lining could be constructed. Haskins' plan was to excavate the tunnel, then fill it with compressed air to expel the water and to hold the iron plate lining in place. They succeeded in building the tunnel out by approximately 1,200 feet from Jersey City until a series of blowouts &mdash; including a particularly serious one in [[1880]] that took the lives of 20 workers &mdash; ended the project.

* ''[[BASEketball]]'' ([[1998]])

* ''[[Diamonds (1999 film)|Diamonds]]'' ([[1999]])

* ''[[Python (film)|Python]]'' ([[2000]])

* ''[[Scream 3]]'' ([[2000]])

* ''[[Thank Heaven]]'' ([[2001]])

* ''[[Crazy Little Thing]]'' ([[2002]])

* ''[[Scary Movie 3]]'' ([[2003]])

* ''[[Dirty Love]]'' ([[2005]]) (also producer and writer)

* ''[[John Tucker Must Die]]'' ([[2006]])

* ''[[Wieners (film)|Wieners]]'' ([[2007]])

=== Television work ===

When the New York and Jersey Tunnel Company resumed construction on the tunnels in [[1902]], they employed a different method of tunnelling using tubular cast iron plating. An enormous mechanical shield was pushed through the silt at the bottom of the river. The displaced mud would then be placed into a chamber, where it would later be shoveled into small cars that hauled it to the surface. In some cases, the silt would be baked with kerosene torches to facilitate easier removal of the mud. The southernmost tunnel of the uptown pair, as well as the downtown tunnels, were all constructed using the tubular cast iron method.

* ''[[Singled Out]]'' (host from [[1995]]-[[1997]])

* ''The Jenny McCarthy Show'' (1997-[[1998]])

* ''[[Jenny (TV series)|Jenny]]'' (1997-1998)

* ''[[The Big Breakfast]]'' (1998)

* ''[[Honey Vicarro]]'' ([[2001]]) (unsold pilot)

* ''Untitled Jenny McCarthy Project'' ([[2003]]) (unsold pilot)

* ''[[The Bad Girl's Guide]]'' ([[2005]]) (canceled after 6 episodes)

* ''Party @ the Palms'' ([[2005]]-[[2006]])

* ''[[Hope & Faith]]'' ([[2005]]) as Mandy

* ''[[Santa Baby]]'' ([[2006]])

* ''[[Bo! in the USA]]'' ([[2006]]) as Herself (Guest)

* ''[[The View]]'' ([[2006]]) as Herself (Guest Host)

* "Home Improvement" as Alex the Mechanic

== Pro-wrestling ==

The tunnels in Manhattan, on the other hand, employed [[cut and cover]] construction methods.

McCarthy made an appearance at the [[World Wrestling Entertainment|World Wrestling Federation's]] [[WrestleMania XI]] on [[April 2]], [[1995]] as a guest valet for [[Shawn Michaels]]. She left after the match with the victor, [[WWE Championship|WWF Heavyweight Champion]] [[Kevin Nash|Diesel]].

== Early timelineBooks ==

* ''Belly Laughs, The Naked Truth about Pregnancy and Childbirth'' (ISBN 978-0-7382-0949-4)

*[[February 26]], [[1908]]: The uptown tubes open from 19th Street to Hoboken Terminal.

* ''Baby Laughs, The Naked Truth about the First Year of Mommyhood'' (ISBN 978-0-525-94883-4)

*[[June 15]], [[1908]]: The H&M is extended from 19th Street to 23rd Street.

* ''Life Laughs, The Naked Truth about Motherhood, Marriage, and Moving On'' (ISBN 978-0-525-94947-3)

*[[July 19]], [[1909]]: The downtown tubes open from Hudson Terminal to Exchange Place.

*[[August 2]], [[1909]]: The New Jersey-side connection opens, between Exchange Place and the junction near Hoboken.

*[[September 6]], [[1910]]: The H&M is extended from Exchange Place west to Grove Street.

*[[November 10]], [[1910]]: The H&M is extended from 23rd Street to 33rd Street.

*[[November 27]], [[1910]]: The PRR tunnel to [[New York Penn Station]] opens.

*[[October 1]], [[1911]]: The H&M is extended from Grove Street west to Manhattan Transfer.

*[[November 26]], [[1911]]: The H&M opens to Park Place, Newark.

*[[June 20]], [[1937]]: Manhattan Transfer is closed and the H&M is realigned to Newark Penn Station; the Harrison station is moved several blocks south. On the same day, the [[Newark City Subway]] is extended to Newark Penn Station. The upper level of the [[Centre Street Bridge (Newark)|Centre Street Bridge]] to Park Place later became [[New Jersey State Highway 158]].

==Station listingSee also ==

* [[List of people in Playboy 1990-1999]]

[[Image:PATH_daytime.png|thumb|300px|Map of PATH system (regular service)]]

[[Image:PATH_afterhours.png|thumb|300px|Map of PATH system (after hours)]]

There are currently 13 active PATH stations:

{| class="wikitable"

!State

!City

!Station

!Services

!Opened

!Transfers and notes

|-

|rowspan=8|[[New York|NY]]||rowspan=8|[[New York City|New York]]

|[[33rd Street (PATH station)|33rd Street]]

|'''<font color="blue">HOB-33</font>'''<br>'''<font color="#ffcc00">JSQ-33</font>'''

|[[November 10]], [[1910]]

|{{NYCS Sixth}} ([[IND Sixth Avenue Line]])<br>{{NYCS Broadway}} ([[BMT Broadway Line]])<br>[[New York Penn Station]] ([[Amtrak]], [[NJ Transit]], {{LIRR}})

|-

|[[28th Street (PATH station)|28th Street]]

|closed

|[[November 10]], [[1910]]

|closed in [[1937]] when the 33rd Street station was extended southward

|-

|[[23rd Street (PATH station)|23rd Street]]

|'''<font color="blue">HOB-33</font>'''<br>'''<font color="#ffcc00">JSQ-33</font>'''

|[[June 15]], [[1908]]

|{{NYCS Sixth local}} ([[IND Sixth Avenue Line]])

|-

|[[19th Street (PATH station)|19th Street]]

|closed

|[[February 26]], [[1908]]

|closed in [[1954]] ostensibly to speed service through [[midtown Manhattan]]

|-

|[[14th Street (PATH station)|14th Street]]

|'''<font color="blue">HOB-33</font>'''<br>'''<font color="#ffcc00">JSQ-33</font>'''

|[[February 26]], [[1908]]

|{{NYCS Sixth local}} ([[IND Sixth Avenue Line]])<br>{{NYCS Canarsie}} ([[BMT Canarsie Line]])<br>{{NYCS Broadway-Seventh center}} ([[IRT Broadway-Seventh Avenue Line]])

|-

|[[Ninth Street (PATH station)|9th Street]]

|'''<font color="blue">HOB-33</font>'''<br>'''<font color="#ffcc00">JSQ-33</font>'''

|[[February 26]], [[1908]]

|{{NYCS Sixth}} ([[IND Sixth Avenue Line]])<br>{{NYCS Eighth south}} ([[IND Eighth Avenue Line]])

|-

|[[Christopher Street (PATH station)|Christopher Street]]

|'''<font color="blue">HOB-33</font>'''<br>'''<font color="#ffcc00">JSQ-33</font>'''

|[[February 26]], [[1908]]

|{{NYCS Broadway-Seventh center local}} ([[IRT Broadway-Seventh Avenue Line]])

|-

|[[World Trade Center (PATH)|World Trade Center]]

|'''<font color="red">NWK-WTC</font>''' '''<font color="green">HOB-WTC</font>'''

|[[July 19]], [[1909]]

|{{NYCS Brooklyn}} ([[IRT Brooklyn Branch]])<br>{{NYCS Eighth south}} ([[IND Eighth Avenue Line]])<br>{{NYCS Broadway south}} ([[BMT Broadway Line]])<br>originally Hudson Terminal, replaced with the World Trade Center station in [[1971]]

|-

|rowspan=8|[[New Jersey|NJ]]||rowspan=1|[[Hoboken, New Jersey|Hoboken]]

|[[Hoboken (PATH)|Hoboken]]

|'''<font color="green">HOB-WTC</font>''' '''<font color="blue">HOB-33</font>'''

|[[February 26]], [[1908]]

|[[Hudson-Bergen Light Rail]], [[NJ Transit]]<br>originally [[Lackawanna Railroad]]

|-

|rowspan=4|[[Jersey City, New Jersey|Jersey City]]

|[[Pavonia/Newport (PATH)|Pavonia/Newport]]

|'''<font color="green">HOB-WTC</font>''' '''<font color="#ffcc00">JSQ-33</font>'''

|[[August 2]], [[1909]]

|[[Hudson-Bergen Light Rail]]<br>originally [[Erie Railroad]]

|-

|[[Exchange Place (PATH)|Exchange Place]]

|'''<font color="red">NWK-WTC</font>''' '''<font color="green">HOB-WTC</font>'''

|[[July 19]], [[1909]]

|[[Hudson-Bergen Light Rail]]<br>originally [[Pennsylvania Railroad]] (also served the [[Lehigh Valley Railroad]] and [[Susquehanna Railway]])

|-

|[[Grove Street (PATH station)|Grove Street]]

|'''<font color="red">NWK-WTC</font>''' '''<font color="#ffcc00">JSQ-33</font>'''

|[[September 6]], [[1910]]

|originally Grove-Henderson Streets

|-

|[[Journal Square (PATH station)|Journal Square]]

|'''<font color="red">NWK-WTC</font>''' '''<font color="#ffcc00">JSQ-33</font>'''

|[[April 14]], [[1912]]

|[[Journal Square Transportation Center]]<br>originally Summit Avenue

|-

|rowspan=2|[[Harrison, New Jersey|Harrison]]

|[[Manhattan Transfer (PATH station)|Manhattan Transfer]]

|closed

|[[October 1]], [[1911]]

|closed in [[1937]] when the H&M was realigned to Newark Penn Station

|-

|[[Harrison (PATH station)|Harrison]]

|'''<font color="red">NWK-WTC</font>'''

|[[June 20]], [[1937]]

|originally several blocks north (opened [[November 26]], [[1911]])

|-

|[[Newark, New Jersey|Newark]]

|[[Pennsylvania Station (Newark)|Newark]]

|'''<font color="red">NWK-WTC</font>'''

|[[June 20]], [[1937]]

|[[Newark Penn Station]] ([[Amtrak]], [[NJ Transit]], [[Newark City Subway]])<br>originally at [[Park Place (PATH station)|Park Place]] (opened [[November 26]], [[1911]])

|}

== ServiceFootnotes ==

<div class="references-small"><references/></div>

[[Image:Path bridge hackensack.jpg|thumb|right|250px|PATH bridge over the [[Hackensack River]]]]

PATH operates 24 hours a day, seven days a week. During normal hours, PATH operates four train services, using three terminals in New Jersey and two in Manhattan. Each line is represented by a unique color, which also corresponds to the color of the lights on the front of the trains. The '''<font color="#ffcc00">Journal Square-33rd Street</font> <font color="blue">(via Hoboken)</font>''' service is the only line represented by two colors, since it is an after-hours combination of the '''<font color="#ffcc00">Journal Square-33rd Street</font>''' and '''<font color="blue">Hoboken-33rd Street</font>''' services.

*'''<font color="red">Newark-World Trade Center</font>'''

*'''<font color="green">Hoboken-World Trade Center</font>'''

*'''<font color="#ffcc00">Journal Square-33rd Street</font>'''

*'''<font color="blue">Hoboken-33rd Street</font>'''

After 23:00 and before 06:00 Monday to Friday, and after 19:30 and before 09:00 Saturday, Sunday, and holidays, PATH operates two train services:

*'''<font color="red">Newark-World Trade Center</font>'''

*'''<font color="#ffcc00">Journal Square-33rd Street</font> <font color="blue">(via Hoboken)</font>'''

After [[September 11, 2001]], PATH closed its [[World Trade Center (PATH)|World Trade Center]] and [[Exchange Place (PATH)|Exchange Place]] stations. Two uptown services&mdash;'''<font color="red">Newark-33rd Street</font>''' and '''<font color="blue">Hoboken-33rd Street</font>'''&mdash;and one intra-state New Jersey service&mdash;'''<font color="green">Hoboken-Journal Square</font>'''&mdash;were put into operation. Only one after-hours train was put into service, '''<font color="red">Newark-33rd Street</font> <font color="blue">(via Hoboken)</font>'''. When Exchange Place opened in June 2003, the following trains were put into service: '''<font color="red">Newark-Exchange Place</font>''' and '''<font color="green">Hoboken-Exchange Place</font>'''.

==Trains==

PATH has a fleet of approximately 250 cars, manufactured by [[Kawasaki Heavy Industries|Kawasaki]] (PA-4 cars), [[Hawker-Siddeley]] (PA-3 cars), and the [[St. Louis Car Company]] (PA-1 and PA-2 cars). PATH cars are 51' long, with a width of approximately 9'-2 3/4". They can achieve a maximum speed of 70 mph (112 km/h), but typically do not reach speeds of greater than 55 mph (90 km/h) in regular service. Each car seats 35 passengers, on seats that line the sides of the cars.

PA-1, PA-2, and PA-3 cars were built in the [[1960s]] and [[1970s]]. These cars have painted aluminum bodies, and have two doors on each side. Back-lit panels above the doors display the destination of that particular train (HOB for Hoboken, JSQ for Journal Square, NWK for Newark, 33 for 33rd Street, and WTC for World Trade Center).

PA-4 cars have stainless steel bodies, and have three doors on each side. These are the newest cars in the current fleet, having been built by Kawasaki in [[1986]]. Back-lit displays above the windows (between the doors) display the destination of that particular train.

In [[1972]], PATH revived the tradition of naming its passenger cars. Each car is named after a New Jersey community that relies on the existence of PATH to commute to and from New York City. While the PATH system is relatively small, more than 300 communities across the state are home to commuters who use PATH. The name of the community, along with a short history and description of the community, appears on a brushed aluminum plaque that is installed at each end of the car's interior.

The Port Authority awarded a $499 million contract to Kawasaki to design and build 340 new PATH cars, which will replace the system's aging fleet. With an average age of 33 years, the fleet is the oldest of any operating heavy rail line in the United States. The Port Authority announced that the new cars will be an updated version of [[Metropolitan Transportation Authority (New York)|MTA]]'s [[R142A (New York City Subway car)|R142A]] cars, which are currently in service on the [[New York City Subway]]'s [[4 (New York City Subway service)|4]] and [[6 (New York City Subway service)|6]] lines. These new cars are expected to go into service in [[2008]].

==Fares==

[[Image:Pathquickcard.jpg|thumb|right|PATH QuickCard]]As of [[2005]], the following is the schedule of fares for the PATH:

*One-Way $1.50 (Cash or MTA Pay-Per-Ride MetroCard / PATH SingleRide ticket available for one-way trips at WTC station and 30th St entrance of the 33rd Street station only/ No discounts)

*Roundtrip $3.00 (PATH QuickCard or MTA Pay-Per-Ride MetroCard / No discounts)

*Eleven Trip $15.00 (PATH QuickCard Only / Fare discounted to $1.36 per trip)

*Twenty Trip $24.00 (PATH QuickCard Only / Fare discounted to $1.20 per trip)

*Forty Trip $48.00 (PATH QuickCard Only / Fare discounted to $1.20 per trip)

*Senior Citizens $1.00 (Seniors age 65 and older must possess a PATH Senior Fare Card in order to pay the Senior Fare)

PATH QuickCards can be purchased from designated QuickCard machines, NJ Transit ticket vending machines, and MetroCard Vending Machines (at World Trade Center and 33rd Street only) inside PATH stations. Some private vendors in the vicinity of PATH stations are also licensed to sell QuickCards.

==SmartLink turnstiles and MetroCard Vending Machines==

The Port Authority has recently installed new fare collection turnstiles at all PATH stations. These turnstiles allow passengers to pay their fare with a PATH QuickCard or a MTA Pay-Per-Ride MetroCard &mdash; and eventually with a [[smart card]], known as ''SmartLink''. The project is part of a Port Authority project to implement usage of a regional smart card that could be used on transit systems throughout the New York metropolitan area.

The new turnstile program first began at the World Trade Center station. It should be noted that Monthly, Reduced Fare and Unlimited Ride MetroCards cannot be used to pay for fares on the PATH system. PATH QuickCards are still only valid on the PATH rail system; there are no plans to implement the use of the PATH QuickCard at New York City subway stations (MTA).

In early 2006, PATH is scheduled to introduce SmartLink, which will eventually replace the QuickCard. In the initial stage, the SmartLink card will allow riders to place the same value on it as if they were purchasing a QuickCard by using machines which will be located in stations. A later stage will allow the rider to register the card so that it can be replaced if lost or stolen and to be automatically be refilled if the value reaches a pre-set minimum.

In the fall of 2005, PATH and the MTA installed a number of MetroCard Vending Machines (MVM) on the concourse at the World Trade Center station and at the 30th Street entrance of the 33rd Street station. These machines sell Pay-Per-Ride MetroCards and will allow people to refill SmartLink cards once they are introduced in 2006. In addition, these machines sell SingleRide PATH tickets for use only on the PATH system. As testing of these pilot machines continues, others will be installed in New York stations and then in New Jersey stations.

==After September 11th==

[[Image:World-trade-center-station.jpg|right|thumb|250px|The Temporary World Trade Center station opened in 2003.]]The [[World Trade Center]] station, which is one of PATH's two New York terminals, was destroyed on [[September 11, 2001 Terrorist Attacks|September 11, 2001]]. Just prior to the collapse, the station was closed and any waiting passengers that were in the station were evacuated by a train that was already inside of the terminal. With the station destroyed, service to Lower Manhattan was suspended for over two years. [[Exchange Place (PATH)|Exchange Place]], the next station on the '''<font color="red">Newark-World Trade Center</font>''' line, also had to be closed due to flooding through the tunnels. Although the water damage was reparable, Exchange Place was not designed as a "terminal" station and had to be re-configured as a terminus for a temporary '''<font color="red">Newark-Exchange Place/Hoboken-Exchange Place</font>''' service. Modifications were made to the stub end tunnel L (also known as the '''Penn Pocket''', which was originally built for short turn Hudson Terminal to Exchange Place runs to handle PRR commuters from Harborside Terminal) to allow trains from Tunnel H to cross over to tunnel E and trains from Tunnel F to cross over to tunnel G. The modifications required PATH to bore through the bedrock dividing tunnel L from tunnels H and G. The new Exchange Place station opened in June 2003. Because the original alignment of the tracks, trains from Hoboken use separate tunnels from the Newark service. Service operated as follows:

From Newark: trains would cross over to the Newark/Hoboken bound track just north of Exchange Place. The train would then reverse direction and go to Hoboken.

From Hoboken: trains would enter on the Manhattan bound track at Exchange Place. The train would then reverse direction and use several switches north of the station to go to the Newark bound tracks before entering Grove Street.

The result of this was a "unofficial service" of Newark - Exchange Place - Hoboken which lasted until the WTC terminal was re-opened.

PATH service to Lower Manhattan was restored when a $323 million temporary station opened on [[November 23]], [[2003]]; the inaugural train was the same one that had been used for the evacuation. The new station still contains portions of the original station but it does not have heating or air conditioning systems installed, and is very functional in its design. The permanent World Trade Center PATH station, expected to be complete by 2009 at a cost of $2 billion, will likely be paid for through insurance settlements relating to the events of September 11th and through taxpayer funds from the states of New York and New Jersey. This project, according to The Star-Ledger of Newark, has been awarded to a joint-venture of Granite Construction North-East (formally Granite Halmar), Fluor Enterprises, Bovis Lend Lease, and Slattery Skanska.

==Accessibility==

All terminals (33rd Street, Hoboken, World Trade Center, Journal Square and Newark) are [[disability rights movement|wheelchair accessible]], as are Exchange Place and Pavonia/Newport.

==The PATH as an FRA Railroad==

While the PATH resembles a typical intraurban rapid transit service, it is in fact a [[railroad]] under the jurisdiction of the [[Federal Railroad Administration]]. PATH continues to be subject to FRA regulations since the line has a connection to the Amtrak mainline near [[Harrison (PATH station)|Harrison]] station. While the PATH does operate under a number of [[Grandfather clause|grandfather waivers]], it is required to do things not typically seen on American transit systems. Some of these include the proper fitting of [[U.S. Railroad Safety Appliance Act|grab irons]] to all PATH rolling stock, the use of federally-certified [[Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineers|locomotive engineers]], and compliance with the federal railroad hours of service regulations.

While the PATH did once share trackage with the Pennsylvania Railroad, this joint running and all interlocking connections to the former rail lines have been cut. Due to its isolation from the national rail network, PATH could potentially end its status as a railroad, however this railroad status might prove valuable if PATH were to extend service along existing rail routes as normally transit lines are required to either run on separate rights of way or time share with FRA railroads.

The PATH shares a similar status with the [[Staten Island Railway]], which is also an FRA railroad running on a somewhat different waiver.

==Trivia==

*On 33rd Street trains (between 14th Street and 23rd Street) and on Newark trains (between World Trade Center and Exchange Place), a short, [[zoetrope]]-like advertisement can be seen in the tunnels.

*Every year, around Thanksgiving, PATH employees put up and decorate a lit [[Christmas tree]] at a switching station in the tunnel used by trains running from 33rd Street and Hoboken into the Pavonia/Newport station. This tradition has continued since the 1950s when a signal operator, Joe Wojtowicz, started hanging a string of Christmas lights in the tunnel. While PATH officials were initially concerned about putting up decorations in the tunnel, they later acquiesced and the tradition continues to this day. After the September 11th, 2001 attacks, a back-lit U.S. flag was put up beside the tree as a tribute to the victims of the attacks.

*[[Photography]] is prohibited on any PATH trains, or stations. A permit must be requested in advance with the [[Port Authority of New York and New Jersey|Port Authority]] and the photographer must be accompanied by Port Authority personnel, but enforcement of this rule is spotty.

*PATH is one of the only transit systems which continue to rely on air-operated switch machines and trip stops throughout its entire system. PATH has found their performance and reliability to be superior in the wet environment of their tunnels and low-lying surface trackage.

== External links ==

* {{playmate|1993|10}}

*[http://www.pathrail.com/ PATH official site]

* {{ymovies name|1800020490}}

*[http://www.nycsubway.org/nyc/path/ NYCSubway.org PATH/Hudson & Manhattan site]

* {{imdb name|0000189|Jenny McCarthy}}

*[http://www.columbia.edu/~brennan/abandoned/hudterm.html Hudson Terminal]

*{{tvtome person|id=26294|name=Jenny McCarthy}}

*[http://www.njcu.edu/programs/jchistory/Pages/P_Pages/Powerhouse.htm H&M Powerhouse]

*[http://www.tmk.com/books/hmdinner/ Illustration of Incidents in Tunnel Construction - H.&M. R.R. CO.]

*[http://www.hudsoncity.net/tubesenglish/5-stations.html hudsoncity.net - Tube Stations]

*[http://railfanning.harpblaster.net/profiles/path.htm Railfanning.org: PATH Profile]

==References==

*Fitzherbert, Anthony. 1964. ''The Public Be Pleased: William G. McAdoo and the Hudson Tubes''. Electric Railroaders Association. Available online at [http://www.nycsubway.org/nyc/path/hmhistory/].

*Trolley Tunnel Open to Jersey, [[New York Times]] February 26, 1908 page 1

*To Extend Hudson Tunnel, [[New York Times]] June 12, 1908 page 6

*Under the Hudson by Four Tubes Now, [[New York Times]] July 18, 1909 page 3

*Erie Commuters Held Up, [[New York Times]] August 3, 1909 page 1

*M'Adoo Would Build A West Side Subway, [[New York Times]] September 16, 1910 page 20

*Subway Station Not Closed, [[New York Times]] August 26, 1910 page 6

*Open McAdoo Extension, [[New York Times]] November 10, 1910 page 10

*Open Pennsylvania Station To-night, [[New York Times]] November 26, 1910 page 5

*Improved Transit Facilities by Newark High Speed Line, [[New York Times]] October 1, 1911 page XX2

*Tube Service to Newark, [[New York Times]] November 26, 1911 page 9

*New Station Open for Hudson Tubes, [[New York Times]] June 20, 1937 page 35

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{{Playmates of 1993}}

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[[Category:Playboy Playmates from 1990-1999]]

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[[Category:Worst Actress Razzie]]

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