Cyrus IMAP server: differenze tra le versioni

Versione delle 15:07, 22 mag 2020

Versione attuale delle 22:07, 22 lug 2024

(6 versioni intermedie di 3 utenti non mostrate)

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'''Cyrus [[Internet Message Access Protocol|IMAP]] server''' è un [[server di posta elettronica]] sviluppato dall'[[Università Carnegie Mellon]].

The '''Cyrus IMAP server''' is [[electronic mail]] [[Server (computing)|server]] software developed by [[Università Carnegie Mellon]]. It differs from other [[Internet Message Access Protocol]] (IMAP) server implementations in that it is generally intended to be run on [[sealed server]]s, where normal users cannot log in.

Lo [[spool]] di posta utilizza un layout del file system e un formato simile a ''maildir'' utilizzato da altri server come [[qmail]], [[Courier Mail Server|Courier]] e [[Dovecot]].

==Overview==

The mail spool uses a filesystem layout and format similar to the [[Maildir]] format used by other popular [[email]] servers such as [[qmail]], [[Courier Mail Server|Courier]], [[Dovecot (software)|Dovecot]], etc. Users can access mail through the [[IMAP]]/IMAP-S, [[POP3]]/POP3-S or [[Kerberized Post Office Protocol|KPOP]] protocols.

Gli utenti possono accedere alla posta tramite i protocolli [[IMAP]]/IMAPS, [[POP3]]/POP3S, KPOP.

The Cyrus IMAP server supports server-side mail filtering through the implementation of a mail filtering language called [[Sieve (mail filtering language)|Sieve]].

Il server IMAP Cyrus supporta il filtraggio della posta lato server attraverso l'implementazione di un linguaggio di filtraggio della posta chiamato [[Sieve]].

A partire dalla versione 2.4.17, è stato implementato il supporto per [[CalDAV]] e [[CardDAV]] per fornire una soluzione integrata di calendario e e-mail, nonché il supporto per la visualizzazione di e-mail tramite un lettore [[RSS]].<ref name="cyru_Feat">{{Cita web |titolo=Features |accesso=22 maggio 2020 |url= http://www.cyrusimap.org/imap/concepts/features.html#imap-features |lingua=en }}</ref>

The private mailbox database design gives the server considerable advantages in [[Algorithmic efficiency|efficiency]], [[scalability]], and [[system administrator|administratability]]. Multiple concurrent read/write connections to the same mailbox are permitted. The server supports access control lists on mailboxes and storage quotas on mailbox hierarchies.

== HistoryStoria ==

As of version 2.4.17, there is support for [[CalDAV]] and [[CardDAV]] to provide an integrated calendaring and email solution, and also support for viewing email via an [[News aggregator|RSS reader]].

Prima del 1994, le caselle e-mail dell'Università Carnegie Mellon erano basate sul "Andrew Messaging System" (AMS) sviluppato localmente e non standard, scritto all'inizio degli anni '80 come parte dell'''Andrew Project''. Questo era molto avanzato ai suoi tempi, ma presentava importanti problemi di scalabilità e Carnegie Mellon voleva passare a un sistema di posta conforme agli standard che soddisfacesse o superasse il set di funzionalità di AMS.

Nel 1994 la divisione Servizi informatici di Carnegie Mellon ha affrontato questi obiettivi avviando il Progetto Cyrus. Nel 1998, Carnegie Mellon mise per la prima volta tutte le nuove matricole sul server Cyrus e AMS è stato definitivamente eliminato nel maggio 2002.<ref name="Introduction">{{Cita web |titolo=Introduction to Cyrus IMAP |accesso=22 maggio 2020 |url= http://www.cyrusimap.org/imap/quickstart/introduction.html#what-is-imap |lingua=en }}</ref>

Cyrus è tuttora in fase di sviluppo. L'Università Carnegie Mellon rimane attiva nello sviluppo<ref name="Introduction" /> e fornisce anche l'infrastruttura su cui gira cyrusimap.org. Il personale di [[FastMail]] contribuisce gran parte del lavoro recente, poiché dipende da esso come parte del suo servizio commerciale. <ref>{{Cita web|url=https://www.fastmail.com/help/technical/architecture.html|titolo=The Fastmail storage architecture|lingua=en}}</ref>

== History ==

== See alsoNote ==

Prior to 1994, [[Carnegie Mellon University]]'s email was based on the locally-developed and non-standard ''Andrew Messaging System'' (AMS) - written in the early 1980s as part of the [[Andrew Project]]. This was very advanced for its day, but had major scalability issues and Carnegie Mellon wanted to move to a standards-compliant mail system that met or exceeded the feature set of AMS.

<references/>

== Bibliografia ==

* {{cite journalCita pubblicazione|refcid=harv |titletitolo=Paranoid penguin: secure mail with LDAP and IMAP, Part I |firstnome=Mick |lastcognome=Bauer |journalrivista=Linux Journal |volume=2003 |issuenumero=115, November 2003 |pagep=12 |url=https://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=945917 |via=[[Association for Computing Machinery|ACM]] |yearanno=2003}}

* {{cite bookCita libro|refcid=harv |first1nome1=Tony |last1cognome1=Bautts |first2nome2=Terry |last2cognome2=Dawson |first3nome3=Gregor N. |last3cognome3=Purdy |titletitolo=Linux network administrator's guide |yearanno=2005 |publishereditore=[[O'Reilly Media]] |url=https://books.google.com/?id=YAhRAAAAMAAJ&q=%22uw+imap%22&dq=%22uw+imap%22|isbn=9780596005481978-0-596-00548-1 }}

* {{cite bookCita libro|refcid=harv |titletitolo=Sendmail Performance Tuning |firstnome=Nick |lastcognome=Christenson |publishereditore=Addison-Wesley Professional |yearanno=2003 |url=https://books.google.com/?id=AKouSFRckHoC&pg=PA110&lpg=PA110&dq=(%22reference+implementation%22+OR+%22reference+implementations%22)+%22uw+imap%22|isbn=9780321115706978-0-321-11570-6 }}

* {{cite bookCita libro|refcid=harv |titletitolo=E-Mail Virus Protection Handbook: Protect Your E-mail from Trojan Horses, Viruses, and Mobile Code Attacks |editorcuratore-lastcognome=Glennon |editorcuratore-firstnome=Katharine |yearanno=2000 |publishereditore=[[Elsevier]] |url=https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=oCjjlfAChIUC&pg=PA384&dq=%22uw+imap%22|isbn=9780080477534978-0-08-047753-4 }}

* {{cite conferenceCita conferenza|refcid=harv |titletitolo=Toward an Automated Vulnerability Comparison of Open Source IMAP Servers |firstnome=Chaos |lastcognome=Golubitsky |conferenceconferenza=19th Large Installation System Administration Conference (LISA ’05) |yearanno=2005 |url=https://www.usenix.org/event/lisa05/tech/golubitsky/golubitsky.pdf |publishereditore=[[USENIX]]}}

* {{cite bookCita libro|refcid=harv |titletitolo=Managing IMAP |first1nome1=Dianna |last1cognome1=Mullet |first2nome2=Kevin |last2cognome2=Mullet |yearanno=2000 |publishereditore=[[O'Reilly Media]] |url=https://books.google.com/?id=ZljG1e7zHCkC&pg=PA209&dq=%22uw+imap%22|isbn=9780596000127978-0-596-00012-7 }}

* {{cite bookCita libro|refcid=harv |titletitolo=Linux Power Tools |firstnome=Roderick W. |lastcognome=Smith |url=https://books.google.com/?id=zY0t0TN-OJUC&q=%22uw+imap%22&dq=%22uw+imap%22 |publishereditore=Wiley |yearanno=2003|isbn=9780782142266978-0-7821-4226-6 }}

* {{cite bookCita libro|refcid=harv |titletitolo=LPIC-2 Linux Professional Institute Certification Study Guide: Exams 201 and 202 |firstnome=Roderick W. |lastcognome=Smith |yearanno=2011 |publishereditore=[[John Wiley & Sons]] |url=https://books.google.com/?id=WzNljmfNNUIC&pg=PT382&dq=%22uw+imap%22#v=onepage&q=cyrus&f=false|isbn=9781118100448978-1-118-10044-8 }}

== Voci correlate ==

In 1994 the Computing Services Division at Carnegie Mellon addressed these goals by starting the Cyrus Project. In 1998, Carnegie Mellon placed all of its incoming [[freshman|freshmen]] (the class of 2002) on the Cyrus server for the first time and in December 2001, [[bboard]] access (which had been mirrored from AMS to Cyrus), was cut over to Cyrus completely. AMS was finally phased out in May 2002.

* [[Server di posta elettronica]]

== Collegamenti esterni ==

The Computing Services Division later developed [http://www.cyrusimap.org/imap/reference/admin/murder/murder.html#murder Cyrus "Murder"] clustering,{{efn|The term "murder" is borrowed from the commonly-used [[collective noun]] for crows.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cyrusimap.org/imap/reference/admin/murder/murder-concepts.html#def-murder|title=Cyrus Murder - Concepts|accessdate=28 May 2017|at=Appendix C}}</ref>}} and after several revisions deployed it within Carnegie Mellon in the summer of 2002.

* {{Collegamenti esterni}}

{{Portale|Telematica}}

Several members of the Cyrus development team at Carnegie Mellon went on to become leaders in the development of large-scale electronic mail infrastructure elsewhere: John Gardiner Myers was Chief Architect of Host Mail Infrastructure at [[AOL|America Online]];<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.linkedin.com/in/john-gardiner-myers-5a630130/|title=John Gardiner Myers|accessdate=17 February 2018}}</ref> and Rob Siemborski worked on [[Gmail]] infrastructure at Google.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4954|title=RFC 4954|accessdate=17 February 2018}}</ref>

[[Categoria:Posta elettronica]]

[[Categoria:Server di posta]]

In the fall of 2016 Carnegie Mellon announced the retirement of Cyrus IMAP as their electronic mail storage service, with Cyrus users required to choose between on-campus Microsoft Exchange and Google "G Suite" off-campus mail.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cmu.edu/computing/services/comm-collab/email-calendar/cyrus/decommission.html|title=Cyrus Retirement|accessdate=17 February 2018}}</ref>

Cyrus is still being actively developed. Carnegie Mellon University remains active in development, and also provides the infrastructure on which cyrusimap.org runs.<ref name=who>{{cite web |title=Who Is Cyrus |url=https://www.cyrusimap.org/overview/who_is_cyrus.html |accessdate=22 December 2018}}</ref> Staff at [[FastMail]] contribute much of the recent work, as they depend upon it as part of their commercial service.<ref>{{cite web |title=Why we contribute to Cyrus IMAP |url=https://fastmail.blog/2016/12/12/why-we-contribute/ |accessdate=22 December 2018}}</ref><ref name=who/><ref>{{cite web|url=https://blog.fastmail.com/2016/12/22/cyrus-development-and-release-plans/|title=Cyrus development and release plans|accessdate=17 February 2018}}</ref>

== See also ==

* [[Comparison of mail servers]]

* [[Comparison of CalDAV and CardDAV implementations]]

* [[UW IMAP]]

==References==

{{Reflist}}

{{Reflist|group=lower-alpha}}

===Bibliography===

{{refbegin}}

* {{cite journal |ref=harv |title=Paranoid penguin: secure mail with LDAP and IMAP, Part I |first=Mick |last=Bauer |journal=Linux Journal |volume=2003 |issue=115, November 2003 |page=12 |url=https://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=945917 |via=[[Association for Computing Machinery|ACM]] |year=2003}}

* {{cite book |ref=harv |first1=Tony |last1=Bautts |first2=Terry |last2=Dawson |first3=Gregor N. |last3=Purdy |title=Linux network administrator's guide |year=2005 |publisher=[[O'Reilly Media]] |url=https://books.google.com/?id=YAhRAAAAMAAJ&q=%22uw+imap%22&dq=%22uw+imap%22|isbn=9780596005481 }}

* {{cite book |ref=harv |title=Sendmail Performance Tuning |first=Nick |last=Christenson |publisher=Addison-Wesley Professional |year=2003 |url=https://books.google.com/?id=AKouSFRckHoC&pg=PA110&lpg=PA110&dq=(%22reference+implementation%22+OR+%22reference+implementations%22)+%22uw+imap%22|isbn=9780321115706 }}

* {{cite book |ref=harv |title=E-Mail Virus Protection Handbook: Protect Your E-mail from Trojan Horses, Viruses, and Mobile Code Attacks |editor-last=Glennon |editor-first=Katharine |year=2000 |publisher=[[Elsevier]] |url=https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=oCjjlfAChIUC&pg=PA384&dq=%22uw+imap%22|isbn=9780080477534 }}

* {{cite conference |ref=harv |title=Toward an Automated Vulnerability Comparison of Open Source IMAP Servers |first=Chaos |last=Golubitsky |conference=19th Large Installation System Administration Conference (LISA ’05) |year=2005 |url=https://www.usenix.org/event/lisa05/tech/golubitsky/golubitsky.pdf |publisher=[[USENIX]]}}

* {{cite book |ref=harv |title=Managing IMAP |first1=Dianna |last1=Mullet |first2=Kevin |last2=Mullet |year=2000 |publisher=[[O'Reilly Media]] |url=https://books.google.com/?id=ZljG1e7zHCkC&pg=PA209&dq=%22uw+imap%22|isbn=9780596000127 }}

* {{cite book |ref=harv |title=Linux Power Tools |first=Roderick W. |last=Smith |url=https://books.google.com/?id=zY0t0TN-OJUC&q=%22uw+imap%22&dq=%22uw+imap%22 |publisher=Wiley |year=2003|isbn=9780782142266 }}

* {{cite book |ref=harv |title=LPIC-2 Linux Professional Institute Certification Study Guide: Exams 201 and 202 |first=Roderick W. |last=Smith |year=2011 |publisher=[[John Wiley & Sons]] |url=https://books.google.com/?id=WzNljmfNNUIC&pg=PT382&dq=%22uw+imap%22#v=onepage&q=cyrus&f=false|isbn=9781118100448 }}

{{refend}}

==External links==

* {{official website|//www.cyrusimap.org/}}

{{Email servers}}

[[Category:Message transfer agents]]

[[Category:Free email server software]]

[[Category:Email server software for Linux]]

[[Category:Carnegie Mellon University software]]