Anaís and Gertrude B. Elion: Difference between pages

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'''Gertrude Belle Elion''' ([[January 23]], [[1918]] – [[February 21]], [[1999]]) was an [[United States|American]] [[biochemistry|biochemist]] and [[pharmacology|pharmacologist]], and a 1988 recipient of the [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine]]. Born in [[New York City]] to [[Jew]]ish immigrant parents, she graduated from [[Hunter College]] in 1937 and [[New York University]] (M.Sc.) in 1941. Unable to obtain a graduate research position due to her [[Female|sex]], she worked as a lab assistant and a high school teacher, before becoming an assistant to [[George H. Hitchings]] at the [[Burroughs-Wellcome]] pharmaceutical company (now [[GlaxoSmithKline]]). She never obtained a formal [[Doctor of Philosophy|Ph.D.]], but she was later awarded an honorary Ph.D from George Washington University.

{{Infobox musical artist

|Name = Anaís

|Img = Anaís.jpg

|Img_capt = Anaís in a photoshoot for her debut album ''[[Así Soy Yo]]'' (2006)

|Background = solo_singer

|Birth_name = Anaís Martínez

|Born = [[June 22]], [[1984]]<br>[[Santo Domingo]], [[Dominican Republic]]

|Instrument = [[Singing]]

|Genre = [[Latin pop]], [[Reggaeton]]

|Occupation = [[Musician]]

|Years_active = [[2005]]&ndash;present

|Label = [[Univision Music Group#Univision Records|Univision Records]]

|URL = [http://musicgroup.univision.com/artist.php?artistid=141 Anaís on Univision]

}}

Working alone as well as with Hitchings, Elion developed a multitude of new [[medication|drugs]], using innovative research methods that would later lead to the development of the [[AIDS]] drug [[AZT]]. Rather than relying on trial-and-error, Elion and Hitchings used the differences in biochemistry between normal human cells and [[pathogen]]s (disease-causing agents) to design drugs that could kill or inhibit the reproduction of particular pathogens without harming the host cells.

'''Anaís''' (born '''Anaís Martínez''' on [[June 22]], [[1984]] in [[Santo Domingo]], [[Dominican Republic]]) is the winner of the second season of ''[[Objetivo Fama]]'', a [[Puerto Rico|Puerto Rican]] [[reality show|reality-show]]-contest that airs on [[Univision|Univision Puerto Rico]] in that [[Caribbean]] island and the [[Telefutura]] [[television network|network]] in the [[United States|U.S.]] mainland.

Elion's inventions include:

She is a [[dancer]], [[singer]], [[actor]]. She was born in [[Santo Domingo]], [[Dominican Republic]] but now lives in [[The Bronx]], [[New York City|New York]]. Her debut album ''[[Así Soy Yo]]'' ("The Way I Am") was released on [[April 14]], [[2006]]. It contains the singles "Atrapada", "Lo que son las cosas" ("The Way Things Are"), "Estoy con él y pienso en ti", and the latest single "Estar contigo". "Lo que son las cosas", which originally is a cover from Luis Márquez Angel, charted and peaked at number 79 on the [[Billboard Hot 100]] and topped the [[Hot Latin Tracks]] chart.

* [[Mercaptopurine|6-mercaptopurine]] (Purinethol), the first treatment for [[leukemia]].[http://pubs.acs.org/cen/coverstory/83/8325/83256-mercaptopurine.html]

Although her single "Lo Que Son Las Cosas" peaked at #1 on the Billboard Hot Latin Tracks for an impressive 6 weeks, her album failed to peak within the top 10 of the Billboard Top Latin Albums chart selling a disappointing 15,000 copies in its first week of release. The album today has sold less than 50,000 copies in the U.S.

* [[Azathioprine]] (Imuran), the first [[immunosuppressive drug|immuno-suppressive agent]], used for [[organ transplant]]s.

* [[Allopurinol]] (Zyloprim), for [[gout]].

* [[Pyrimethamine]] (Daraprim), for [[malaria]].

* [[Trimethoprim]] (Septra), for [[meningitis]], [[septicemia]], and [[bacterial infection]]s of the [[urinary tract|urinary]] and [[respiratory tract]]s.

* [[Aciclovir|Acyclovir]] (Zovirax), for viral [[herpes]].

In 1988 Elion received the Nobel Prize in Medicine, together with Hitchings and [[James W. Black|Sir James Black]]. Other awards include the [[National Medal of Science]] (1991) and the [[Lemelson-MIT Prize|Lemelson-MIT Lifetime Achievement Award]] (1997). In 1991 she became the first woman to be inducted into the [[National Inventors Hall of Fame]].

On [[September 16]], [[2006]], she began her [[Así Soy Yo Tour]] in [[Puerto Rico]].

Gertrude Elion died in North Carolina in 1999, aged 81. She had moved to the [[Research Triangle]] in 1970, and for a time served as a research professor at [[Duke University]]. She was unmarried and had 2 children.

At the beginning of [[2006]], Anaís recorded a special song for the [[2006 FIFA World Cup]] together with [[Pablo Montero]], [[Mariana Seoane]], and [[Ana Barbara]].

==Quotes==

In January 2007, Univision.com premiered the newest single titled "Tu Amor No Es Garantia", that can also be heard in her official [[MySpace]] page. The love song is the lead single from Martinez' second studio album ''[[Con Todo Mi Corazón]]'', which is coming out on April 3rd in the United States and on April 18th in Mexico.

* "I had no specific bent toward science until my grandfather died of stomach cancer. I decided nobody should suffer that much."

* "The idea was to do research, find new avenues to conquer, new mountains to climb!"

==DiscographyAwards==

* [[Garvan-Olin Medal]] (1968)

{| {{tablabonita}}

* [[Nobel Prize]] in Medicine (1988)

|- bgcolor="#ebf5ff"

* [[National Medal of Science]] (1991)

!align="left"|Year

* [[Lemelson-MIT Prize]] (1997)

!align="left"|Cover

* [[National Inventors Hall of Fame]] (1991) (first woman to be inducted)

!align="left"|Album information

|-

|[[2006]]

|[[Image:AsiSoyYo.jpg|150px]]

|'''''[[Así Soy Yo]]'''''

*Release date: [[April 18]], [[2006]]

*1st [[studio album]]

*Singles:

:*2005 "[[Así Soy Yo#Singles|Atrapada]]"

:*2006 "[[Así Soy Yo#Singles|Lo que son las cosas]]"

:*2006 "[[Así Soy Yo#Singles|Estoy con él y pienso en ti]]"

:*2006 "[[Así Soy Yo#Singles|Estar contigo]]"

|-

|[[2007]]

|[[Image:Con Todo Mi Corazón.jpg|150px]]

|'''''[[Con Todo Mi Corazón]]'''''

*Release date: [[April 3]] [[2007]]

*2nd [[studio album]]

*Singles:

:*2007 "[[Tu amor no es garantia]]"

|}

==Controversy==

Shortly after her win in Objetivo Fama, some nude pictures of Anaís appeared on the Internet. She publicly accepted the fact and apologized for them claiming that the pictures were taken during a tough time of her teen years at the [[Dominican Republic]].

==External links==

*[http://www.nobel.se/medicine/laureates/1988/elion-autobio.html Autobiography at the Nobel e-Museum]

*[http://univisionmusicgroup.com/ecards/anais_asisoy.htm Music video for ''Lo Que Son Las Cosas'']

*[http://www.nap.edu/html/biomems/gelion.html Biographical Memoirs by Mary Ellen Avery]

*[http://musicgroup.univision.com/artist.php?artistid=141 Anaís on Univision] {{en icon}}

*[http://www.jwa.org/exhibits/wov/elion/ Women of Valor exhibit on Gertrude Elion] at the [http://www.jwa.org Jewish Women's Archive]

*[http://www.myspace.com/anaismartinezfans Anaís' My Space] {{es icon}}

{{Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine Laureates 1976-2000}}

[[Category:Reggaeton1918 musiciansbirths|AnaisElion, Gertrude]]

[[Category:Dominican1999 Republic musiciansdeaths|AnaisElion, Gertrude]]

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[[Category:National Medal of Science recipients|Elion, Gertrude]]

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