Robert Nairac and Wikipedia:WikiProject James Bond: Difference between pages

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| height="80" colspan="2" valign="top" style="padding:0.2em; background:#f9f9ff; border: solid thin #80737C; text-align:center | {{shortcut|WP:007|WP:BOND|WP:OO7}} <big> '''Welcome to WikiProject James Bond'''</big>.<br>

The James Bond WikiProject exists to help improve the encyclopedic content of [[James Bond]]-related articles, [[:Category:WikiProject James Bond articles|from novels and films to characters and gadgets]].

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Captain '''Robert Laurence Nairac''' [[George Cross|GC]] ([[31 August]] [[1948]]&ndash;[[15 May]] [[1977]]) was a [[British Army]] officer who was killed by the [[Provisional Irish Republican Army]] (PIRA) and posthumously awarded the [[George Cross]].

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== Early life and military career ==

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Nairac was born in [[Mauritius]]. He attended [[Ampleforth College]] and then read history at [[Lincoln College, Oxford]], before moving on to the [[Royal Military Academy Sandhurst]]. After passing out, he was commissioned into the [[Grenadier Guards]]. He was a devout [[Roman Catholic]].

*A new [[Wikipedia:WikiProject James Bond/Collaboration of the fortnight]] section has been added, please contribute.

* Both '''Casino Royale''' and '''GoldenEye''' failed for featured article status.

* Wiki Project James Bond Up and Away on 17 April 2007.

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== Military career in Northern Ireland ==

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As an officer with the Grenadier Guards, Nairac's first tour of duty in [[Northern Ireland]] was in [[Belfast]] from July to November 1973. Following completion of a training course run by the [[Special Air Service]] (SAS), he returned to Northern Ireland in 1974. Much confusion exists concerning his role at that time, but it appears that he was attached to 4 Field Survey Troop – a sub-unit of a Special Duties unit known as [[14 Intelligence Company]] (14 Int). Posted to South [[Armagh]], 4 Field Survey Troop was officially tasked with surveillance duties.{{fact}}

* Added plot summaries to the leads of [[Goldfinger (film)]], [[On Her Majesty's Secret Service (film)]], [[Diamonds Are Forever (film)]], [[The Man with the Golden Gun (film)]], [[The Spy Who Loved Me (film)]], [[A View to a Kill]] and [[Licence to Kill]]. ([[User:IzzyVanHalen|Callum J. Stewart]] 14:19, 24 April 2007 (UTC)) EDIT: added summaries to the leads of [[Dr. No (film)]], [[Live and Let Die (film)]] and [[For Your Eyes Only (film)]] ([[User:IzzyVanHalen|Callum J. Stewart]] 22:34, 24 April 2007 (UTC))

According to the 2003 interim Barron report commissioned to investigate the [[Dublin and Monaghan Bombings]], by the government of the [[Republic of Ireland]], Nairac seems to have acted as a liaison officer between his unit, the local Army brigade, and [[Royal Ulster Constabulary]] [[Special Branch]].

* Added a plot summary to [[You Only Live Twice (film)|You Only Live Twice]]. [[User:Editus|Editus]] 1800 UTC 23.4.07 EDIT: did the same for [[Thunderball (film)|Thunderball]] 1907 UTC 23.4.07

* Overhauled the [[Octopussy]] page to resemble CR (06), still needs referenceing, but got rid of useless trivia and put in [[Talk:Octopussy]]. [[User:SpecialWindler|SpecialWindler]] 00:18, 21 April 2007 (UTC)

* Added the template above with the assessment statistics by quality.[[User:SpecialWindler|SpecialWindler]] 23:15, 17 April 2007 (UTC)

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However, he also seems to have taken on tasks which were outside his jurisdiction as a liaison officer – working undercover, and grooming contacts within loyalist and republican paramilitary organizations. He was accused of promoting sectarian warfare, and even of participating in it on the loyalist side.{{fact}}

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He apparently claimed to have visited pubs in republican strongholds and singing songs in Irish. Former SAS officer Ken Connor, who was involved in the creation of 14 Int, wrote of him in his book, Ghost Force, p.263;

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==Banner==

<blockquote>"Had he been an SAS member, he would not have been allowed to operate in the way he did. Before his death we had been very concerned at the lack of checks on his activities. No one seemed to know who his boss was, and he appeared to have been allowed to get out of control, deciding himself what tasks he would do."</blockquote>

Please tag relevant articles as '''<nowiki>{{WikiProject James Bond|class=|importance=}}</nowiki>'''

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This banner should be used with the project's assessment criteria. Please see [[Wikipedia:WikiProject James Bond/Assessment|here]] for the project's assessment guidelines.

'''Comment''': Can somebody add the importance feature underneath on this template, so we can see the importance of the article without having to go to edit, (I'd do it myself but the syntex stuff too complecated??? [[User:SpecialWindler|SpecialWindler]] 23:19, 17 April 2007 (UTC)

However, Colin Wallace, in describing Nairac as a Military Intelligence Liaison Officer (MILO) said "''his duties did not involve agent handling"''. Nevertheless, Nairac ''"seems to have had close links with the Mid-Ulster UVF, including Robin Jackson and Harris Boyle"''. According to Wallace , ''"he could not have carried out this open association without official approval, because otherwise he would have been transferred immediately from Northern Ireland"'' <ref>[http://cain.ulst.ac.uk/events/dublin/barron03.pdf Report by Justice Henry Barron into the Dublin and Monaghan Bombings], Dublin, December 2003, p. 175-176</ref> Yet, far from being transferred as a result of these associations, that were noted in 1975, Nairac was on his fourth tour of duty in 1977.

::If you look at the bottom of the page, where all the categories are listed, it is listed there. ^{[[User:{{{User|El Greco}}}|{{{User|El Greco}}}]] ([[User talk:{{{User|El Greco}}}|talk]] <small>•</small> [[Special:Contributions/{{{User|El Greco}}}|contribs]])} 00:45, 18 April 2007 (UTC)

Robin Jackson was implicated in the [[Dublin and Monaghan bombings]] of May 1974, and Harris Boyle was blown up by his own bomb during the [[Miami Showband massacre]], that Nairac was also alleged to have participated in - see below.

==Recognized content==

== Shooting by the PIRA ==

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*[[Casino Royale (2006 film)]]

*[[Thunderball (novel)]]

*[[GoldenEye]]

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*[[Tomorrow Never Dies]]

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== Open tasks ==

On the evening of [[14 May]] [[1977]], Nairac visited the The Three Steps pub in [[Drumintee]], South Armagh, alone. He is said to have told regulars of the pub that his name was Danny McErlaine, a member of the [[Official IRA]] from the republican [[Ardoyne]] area in north Belfast.<ref>{{cite book | last = Harnden | first = Toby | authorlink = Toby Harnden | title = Bandit Country | publisher = [[Hodder & Stoughton]] | date = 1999 | pages = pp. 302-303 | month = | isbn = 034071736X}}</ref> He aroused suspicion by asking a girl at the bar about the best way to cross the border without being detected by the security forces. Witnesses say that he got up and sang a song with the band who were playing that night. At around 11.45 p.m., he was abducted following a struggle in the pub's car park and taken across the border to a field in Ravensdale, [[Co. Louth]]. Following a violent interrogation that lasted for over an hour, Nairac was shot dead. He did not admit to his true identity at any time.

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* Survey articles to make sure a balance is maintained between film and novel references where applicable; it should not be forgotten that the books came first (there are occasional articles such as [[List of James Bond henchmen]] that profess to reference the novels but only contain film-based information). Articles on characters that appear in both the novels and the films should always include information on their literary counterparts.

Terry McCormick, one of Nairac's abductors, posed as a priest in order to try to obtain information through Nairac's [[Confession#Catholicism|confession]]. Nairac's last words were: 'Bless me Father, for I have sinned'. <ref>[http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/main.jhtml?xml=/news/2007/06/20/nira120.xml Light shed on IRA murder of Nairac]The Daily Telegraph</ref>

*Occasionally review all articles that have been placed on the [[:Wikipedia:WikiProject James Bond/Articles]] page for [[Special:Recentchangeslinked/Wikipedia:WikiProject James Bond/Articles|recent changes]].

*Cite sources on [[James Bond]]. This will greatly help it to featured status, the current Mission of the Week.

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* Resolve the issue of [[Casino Royale (1967 film)|Casino Royale (1967)]] being considered an unofficial Bond film by adding applicable sources to this and related articles, preferably books or media coverage.

An edition of [[Spotlight (NI)]] broadcast on June 19th, 2007, claimed that his body was not destroyed in a meat grinder (as is widely believed). McCormick, who has been on the run in America for thirty years because of his involvement in the killing (including being the first to attack Nairac in the car park), was told by a senior IRA commander that it was buried on farmland, unearthed by animals, and reburied elsewhere. The ___location of the body's resting place remains a mystery. <ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/northern_ireland/6769697.stm New Revelations in Nairac Killing]BBC News</ref> Nairac is one of nine IRA victims whose graves have never been revealed and who are collectively known as [[Disappeared#Northern_Ireland.27s_.22Troubles.22|'The Disappeared']]. The cases are under review by the [[Independent Commission for the Location of Victims' Remains]]

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== Categories ==

== Allegations of collusion with Loyalist paramilitaries ==

* [[:Category:Films]]

Allegations were made concerning Nairac in a 1993 [[Yorkshire Television]] documentary about the Dublin and Monaghan Bombings of 1974 entitled ''Hidden Hand''. The narrator of ''Hidden Hand'' states:

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==Films==

<blockquote>"We have evidence from police, military and loyalist sources which confirms the links between Nairac and the [[Portadown]] loyalist paramilitaries. And also that in May 1974, he was meeting with these paramilitaries, supplying them with arms and helping them plan acts of terrorism against republican targets. In particular, the three prime Dublin suspects, Robert McConnell, Harris Boyle and the man called 'The Jackal' [Robin Jackson, [[Ulster Volunteer Force]] [UVF] member from Portadown], were run before and after the Dublin bombings by Captain Nairac."</blockquote>

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According to the documentary, support for this allegation was said to have come from various sources:

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<blockquote>"They include officers from RUC [[Special Branch]], [[Criminal Investigation Department|CID]] and [[Special Patrol Group (RUC)|Special Patrol Group]]; officers from the [[Garda Síochána|Gardaí]] Special Branch; and key senior loyalists who were in charge of the [[County Armagh]] paramilitaries of the day...."</blockquote>

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It was alleged by a former [[MI6]] operative, [[Captain Fred Holroyd]], that Nairac admitted involvement in the assassination of PIRA volunteer John Francis Green on [[10 January]] [[1975]] to him. Holroyd claimed in a ''[[New Statesman]]'' article written by [[Duncan Campbell]] that Nairac had boasted about Green's death and showed him a colour [[Polaroid]] photograph of Green's corpse taken directly after his assassination.

==Books==

Former RUC Special Patrol Group member, John Weir, who colluded with loyalist paramilitaries, supports Holroyd's allegation with regard to the killing of Green: <blockquote>“The men who did that shooting were Robert McConnell, Robin Jackson and I would be almost certain, Harris Boyle who was killed in the Miami attack. What I am absolutely certain of is that Robert McConnell, Robert McConnell knew that area really, really well. Robin Jackson was with him. I was later told that Nairac was with them. I was told by… a UVF man, he was very close to Jackson and operated with him. Jackson told [him] that Nairac was with them.” <ref>[http://cain.ulst.ac.uk/events/dublin/barron03.pdf Report by Justice Henry Barron into the Dublin and Monaghan Bombings], Dublin, December 2003, P. 206</ref></blockquote> In addition, ''"Surviving Miami Showband members Steve Travers and Des McAlee testified in court that an Army officer with a crisp English accent oversaw the Miami attack"'' - see [[Miami Showband killings]] - the implication being that this was Nairac.<ref>Enigmatic SAS man linked to massacre, [[The News Letter]], August 1 2005</ref>

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Nairac was mentioned in Justice Henry' Barron's inquiry into the [[Dublin and Monaghan bombings]] when it examined the claims made by the ''Hidden Hand'' documentary.

==User Templates==

The Barron Inquiry found a chain of ballistic history linking weapons and killings under the control of a group of UVF and security force members, including RUC Special Patrol Group members [[John Weir]] and [[Billy McCaughey]], that is connected to those alleged to have carried out the bombings.

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== Parent projects ==

These ''"included, in 1975, three murders at Donnelly's bar in Silverbridge, the murders of two men at a fake [[Ulster Defence Regiment|UDR]] checkpoint, the murder of IRA man John Francis Green in the Republic, the murders of members of the Miami showband and the murder of Dorothy Trainor in Portadown. In 1976, they included the murders of three members of the Reavey family, and the attack on the Rock Bar in Tassagh."''<ref name = 'tribune'>[http://www.tribune.ie/article.tvt?_scope=TribuneFTF&id=23418&SUBCAT=&SUBCATNAME=&DT=14/12/2003%2000:00:00&keywords=Susan%20McKay&FC= Barron throws light on a little shock of horrors], by Susan McKay, Sunday Tribune, December 14 2003</ref>

* [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Film]]

* [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Novels]]

[[Fred Holroyd]] and John Weir linked Robert Nairac to the Green and Miami Showband killings.

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[[Category:WikiProject James Bond]]

Susan McKay summarised Barron on the ballistic history of the weapons involved:

<blockquote>"It was probable the guns were kept at a farm at Glenanne belonging to James Mitchell, an RUC reservist... from which a group of paramilitaries and members of the security forces... carried out the massacres at Dublin and Monaghan.... The chain was unbroken because the perpetrators of these attacks weren't caught, or investigations were haphazard, or charges were dropped, or light or suspended sentences were given. The same individuals turn up again and again, but the links weren't noted. Some of the perpetrators weren't prosecuted despite evidence against them.<ref name = 'tribune'/></blockquote>

== George Cross award ==

On [[13 February]] [[1979]], Nairac was posthumously awarded the [[George Cross]].

Captain Nairac's Posthumous George Cross citation reads, in part:

<blockquote>"On his fourth tour Captain Nairac was a Liaison Officer at Headquarters 3 Infantry Brigade. His task was connected with surveillance operations."</blockquote>

<blockquote>"On the night of 14/15 May 1977 Captain Nairac was abducted from a village in South Armagh by at least seven men. Despite his fierce resistance he was overpowered and taken across the border into the nearby Republic of Ireland where he was subjected to a succession of exceptionally savage assaults in an attempt to extract information which would have put other lives and future operations at serious risk. These efforts to break Captain Nairac's will failed entirely. Weakened as he was in strength-though not in spirit-by the brutality, he yet made repeated and spirited attempts to escape, but on each occasion was eventually overpowered by the weight of the numbers against him. After several hours in the hands of his captors Captain Nairac was callously murdered by a gunman of the Provisional Irish Republican Army who had been summoned to the scene. His assassin subsequently said 'He never told us anything'."</blockquote>

<blockquote>"Captain Nairac's exceptional courage and acts of the greatest heroism in circumstances of extreme peril showed devotion to duty and personal courage second to none."</blockquote>

== Events after Nairac's death ==

In November 1977, Liam Townson, a 24-year-old PIRA volunteer from the village of [[Meigh]] outside [[Newry]] was convicted of Nairac's murder. He is alleged to have been the local PIRA commander at the time. Townson was convicted in Dublin's [[Special Criminal Court]] of Nairac's murder and sentenced to life imprisonment. Townson served 13 years in prison and was released in 1990.

In 1978, the RUC arrested five men from the South Armagh area. Three of them - Gerard Fearon, 21, Thomas Morgan, 18, and Daniel O'Rourke, 33 - were jointly charged with Nairac's murder. Michael McCoy, 20, was charged with kidnapping, and Owen Rocks, 22, was accused of withholding information.

Fearon and Morgan were convicted of Nairac's murder. O'Rourke was acquitted but found guilty of manslaughter and jailed for ten years. McCoy was jailed for five years and Rocks for two.

In May 2000 allegations were made claiming that Nairac had married, and fathered a child with a woman named Nel Lister. (Also known as Oonagh Flynn, or Oonagh Lister). In 2001, DNA testing revealed the allegations to be a hoax <ref>[http://www.lentil.org/static/nannygate.html Nel Lister/Oonagh Flynn article]</ref><ref>[http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qn4161/is_20010610/ai_n14528550/pg_1 Sunday Mirror article on Nel Lister Jun 10, 2001]</ref>

==References==

<references/>

==See also==

*[[The Troubles in Forkhill]]

==External links==

*[http://www.gc-database.co.uk/recipients/NairacRL.htm George Cross Database]

*[http://www.gazettes-online.co.uk/archiveViewFrameSetup.asp?webType=0&PageDuplicate=x0%20%20%20%20%20%20&issueNumber=47769&pageNumber=0&SearchFor=nairac&selMedalType=&selHonourType= Nairac's George Cross Citation]

*[http://www.amazon.co.uk/Death-Hero-Captain-Undercover-Northern/dp/1900512750 Death of a Hero (Amazon books)]

*[http://republican-news.org/archive/2000/January06/06john.html The killing of Frank Green]

*[http://www.fantompowa.net/Flame/dirty_war_in_ireland.htm History of SAS in Ireland by Seán Mac Mathúna]

*[http://www.relativesforjustice.com/publications/monaghan.htm Captain Fred Holroyd]

*[http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qn4161/is_20000507/ai_n14506423/pg_1 Sunday Mirror article on Nairac's death May 7, 2000]

*[http://oireachtas.ie/documents/committees29thdail/jcjedwr/InterimDubMon.pdf 2003 Interim Barron Report into the Dublin & Monaghan Bombings]

*[http://www.eamonnoneill.net/articles/ROBERT%20NAIRAC.pdf''Shadow man '' Article ''Esquire Magazine'']

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[[Category:1948 births]]

[[Category:1977 deaths]]

[[Category:English Roman Catholics]]

[[Category:British George Cross recipients]]

[[Category:Alumni of Lincoln College, Oxford]]

[[Category:British Army officers]]

[[Category:Sandhurst graduates]]

[[Category:People killed by the Provisional IRA]]