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#REDIRECT [[Harry S Truman Building]]
[[Image:MadonnaRe-invention01.jpg|thumb|Madonna, Re-invention World Tour 2004]]
'''Madonna Ciccone Ritchie''' (born [[August 16]], [[1958]]), simply known by the [[stage name]] '''Madonna''', is a pop [[singer]] considered by many to be the queen of [[popular music]]. She has had a long career that has been marked by success and controversy.
== Biography ==
[[Image:Mad1.jpg|thumb|"Madonna" Début Album]]
'''Madonna Louise Ciccone''' was born on [[August 16]], [[1958]] in [[Bay City, Michigan]], [[United States|USA]]. Raised in a large [[Italian American]] (and devout [[Catholic]]) family in the [[Detroit]] suburb of Rochester, Madonna lost her mother to cancer when she was just a child. She took classes in piano and ballet, and was an active participant in a variety of artistic activities at school. She received a dance scholarship and attended the [[University of Michigan]] for two years but quit and moved to the [[Corona, Queens]] district of [[New York]] in [[1978]] to pursue dance and acting professionally. She appeared in a short film called ''[[A Certain Sacrifice]]'' and joined several punk-pop bands including Breakfast Club and Emmy. She eventually penned a number of songs that brought her local fame in [[gay]] dance clubs such as Danceteria.
Madonna scored her first recording deal in 1982 while sitting on the corner of the bed of an ailing Sire Records music executive. Her demo song, "Ain't No Big Deal", was written by frequent Madonna collaborator [[Stephen Bray]], and was shelved for several years since it had just been recorded and released by the Epic Records group Barracuda. Five years later, Madonna's version finally surfaced on the B-side of the "True Blue" single, though it has never appeared on any of her albums.
Her first single "Everybody" produced by [[Mark Kamins]] was released without her photo on the jacket. This led many listeners to believe that she was, in fact, black. Thanks to the advent of [[MTV]], however, her label was able to aggressively market Madonna's image. A playful and sexy combination of punk and pop culture, Madonna became a quick fixture on the network. Her bleached blonde hair (with black roots), sexy lace gloves, lingerie on the outside and "Boy Toy" belt buckle were soon all the rage on [[high street]]s across America.
===Material Girl===
[[Image:LikeAVirgin.jpg|thumb|"Like A Virgin" Cover]]In [[1983]] her self-titled debut album was released, and the first hit "Holiday" topped the charts around the world. Other hit singles included "Borderline", "Lucky Star", and "Everybody". The album was a smash hit, and catapulted Madonna into instant stardom. Former boyfriend/producer and remixer DJ [[John Jellybean Benitez]] was instrumental at this time of her career.
The hit club track "Burning Up" was remixed for release in the UK by DJ [[Rusty Egan]] formerly of the new romantic group [[Visage]].
In [[1984]] she followed her debut with ''[[Like a Virgin]]''. The album's provocative subject matter (especially the title track) was praised by reviewers and fans but brought Madonna to the critical attention of the [[religious right]]. She aroused further controversy when she appeared at the [[MTV Video Music Awards]] singing "Like a Virgin" in a combination wedding dress/bustier, writhing on the floor and revealing her underwear. The album spawned three number one hits: "Angel", "Dress You Up", and "Material Girl". (The "Material Girl" moniker would stay with her for some time.)
Madonna's meteoric ascent into the firmament of pop stardom paved the way for her transition to Hollywood. In [[1985]] she made a brief appearance in the film ''[[Vision Quest]]'' playing a club singer. (The role seemed designed chiefly to introduce more top ten hits, namely "Crazy For You" and "Gambler".) She also played a supporting role alongside [[Rosanna Arquette]] in the hit film ''[[Desperately Seeking Susan]]'', for which she received good reviews. Her acting generally received negative reviews for the following seven years.
===''True Blue''===
[[Image:TRUBLUE.jpg|thumb|"True Blue" Cover]]
[[Image:WhosThatGirl.jpg|thumb|"Who's That Girl" Soundtrack]]
On her 27th birthday ([[August 16]], [[1985]]) Madonna married actor Sean Penn. She appeared with him in the [[1986]] flop ''[[Shanghai Surprise]]'', which was unanimously panned by critics. The couple soon earned a reputation for hostility towards the media, thanks to Penn's frequently violent outbursts against the [[paparazzi]]. Later in the year Madonna released her third hit album, ''[[True Blue]]''. She co-produced the album with [[Stephen Bray]] and [[Patrick Leonard]]. This included the hits "Open Your Heart" (accompanied by a video in which she played a stripper who befriends a young boy), "True Blue", "Live to Tell", "Where's the Party", "La Isla Bonita" (accompanied by a video in which she played a [[Spain|Spanish]] woman, the first introduction to the public of her apparent fetish for Latino culture) and "Papa Don't Preach", an anthem about keeping a baby conceived out of wedlock. The song "Each Time You Break My Heart" which was written during the recording sessions for this album was donated to actor/model [[Nick Kamen]] to record on his debut record. It does not appear on ''True Blue''.
Around this time, a number of black and white nude photos of Madonna surfaced. They were published in both [[Penthouse]] and [[Playboy]] magazines. The photos were taken during the early [[1980s]] when she posed for art photographers as a way to make money. Potentially devastating to her career, she shrugged them off (her unfazed response - "So what?" - was immortalized on a [[Sonic Youth|Ciccone Youth]] record sleeve) and they only served to fuel her popularity.
At this point Madonna transformed her image, something that would become a trademark for years to come. She began to pale her face and highlight her beauty spot, replacing her punky bleached blonde hair with a glamorous platinum blonde look reminiscent of her hero [[Marilyn Monroe]]. This coincided with her performance in the film ''[[Who's That Girl]]'', which was also a flop in the U.S. and a minor success in the rest of the world. Nevertheless, the soundtrack spawned three hits: the title track, "Causing a Commotion", and "The Look Of Love".
In [[1987]] Madonna embarked on the Who's That Girl World Tour and began her longtime association with backing vocalists and dancers [[Donna DeLory]] and [[Niki Haris]]. That year she also released an album of dance remixes of some of her earlier material entitled ''[[You Can Dance]]''. It failed to sell as well as her previous efforts. She also appeared as Hortense in a film called ''[[Bloodhounds of Broadway]]'', which was harshly dismissed by many reviewers. Critics began to peg Madonna as a thing of the past; her career seemed to be fading fast.
On [[September 14]], [[1989]] she divorced husband [[Sean Penn]], citing spousal abuse.
===''Like a Prayer''===
[[Image:MadonnaYouCanDance.jpg|thumb|"You Can Dance" Cover]]
[[Image:Likeaprayer.jpg|thumb|"Like a Prayer" Cover]]
Then, in [[1989]], Madonna once again changed her image. She traded in her closely shorn platinum coif for long, curly black hair and an almost wholesome look for her album ''[[Like a Prayer]]''. Returning once more to provocative religious imagery, the title track compared the experience of lovemaking to praying. The video for the song featured Madonna portraying an apparent streetwalker who witnesses a violent [[rape]] and [[murder]]. A black man is falsely accused of the crime and is jailed. She goes into a church where a statue of St. [[Martin de Porres]] comes to life and passionately kisses her. This experience motivates her to identify the real perpetrator, and the falsely accused black man, who resembles the statue, is released. The video, which also featured [[burning cross]]es, was denounced by the [[Holy See|Vatican]] for its "[[blasphemy|blasphemous]]" mixture of eroticism and Catholic symbolism, and sparked such controversy that [[Pepsi]] Cola, who had paid Madonna millions of dollars for a commercial endorsement, pulled out of their contract. As the single soared to number one, Madonna thanked them for the publicity.
The album produced three further American top ten hits - "Express Yourself", "Cherish", and "Keep It Together" - although "Oh Father" only made the top twenty. A single and animated music video for the track "Dear Jessie" was released in Europe and became another top ten hit. It also featured a duet with singer [[Prince (artist)|Prince]] entitled "Love Song". Madonna wrote the song "Possesive Love" with [[Patrick Leonard]] during this period, and it was later recorded by [[Marilyn Martin]] on her debut album. Martin sang backing vocals on the Madonna song "Cherish".
Madonna's career has been continually marked by controversial episodes in which she has outraged various orthodox segments of society. Her critics have accused her of deliberately manufacturing controversy in order to market herself and thereby sell more albums. She has responded to these charges by declaring herself to be "an artist", and therefore free to practice her craft in whichever manner she chooses.
===Movies===
[[Image:MadonnaImBreathless.jpg|thumb|"I'm Breathless" Soundtrack]]
[[Image:MadonnaImmaculateCollection.jpg|thumb|"The Immaculate Collection" Cover]]
In 1990 she starred as [[Breathless Mahoney]] in ''[[Dick Tracy]]'' alongside [[Warren Beatty]], whom she also briefly dated. She earned some good reviews for the role though critics pointed out that it continued her tradition of performing well when portraying characters quite similar to herself (in this case, a demanding and powerful vamp). The film's soundtrack spawned the huge hit "Vogue", which popularized a dance trend in which people in clubs struck poses like fashion models, and the top ten single "Hanky Panky". She also released her first greatest hits album, ''[[The Immaculate Collection]]'' towards the end of 1990. The album was dedicated to the [[Pope]], her "divine inspiration". She included fifteen of her biggest hits and two new songs, both top ten hits, "Rescue Me" and "Justify My Love". The latter was co-written by singer [[Lenny Kravitz]]. The sexual content of the song, coupled with an erotically charged music video, caused MTV, who had been so instrumental in Madonna's early success, to ban it. In response, the video was sold stand-alone on videotape, the first "video single" ever released. In spite of the controversy and the video's still-standing American TV ban, the "Justify My Love" CD single went on to sell over a million copies ([[platinum]]) and the video single has sold over 400,000 copies, qualifying it as [[quadruple platinum]].
Additional controversy developed when Prince protégé [[Ingrid Chavez]] claimed partial songwriting credit for the lyrics of "Justify My Love". The track sampled the [[Public Enemy]] instrumental "Security Of The First World". Madonna claimed that she was unaware of any deliberate copying and Chavez was later granted a percentage of the song's royalties. The rap community was less forgiving and responded by releasing three "answer records" to Madonna in defense of [[Public Enemy]] producer [[Hank Shocklee]]. "To My Donna" by Young Black Teenagers, "Al Will Justify Your Love" by Al B. Sure! and "Justify Satisfy" by D-Melo. The tracks failed to generate much public interest.
In 1991 Madonna starred in a hit documentary film, ''[[Truth or Dare]]'', which chronicled her "[[Blonde Ambition Tour]]". In it her personality and private life were explored in intimate detail: the star came across as extremely ambitious, demanding, forthright, sexy and smart. It also showed her softer side as she confronted family members and visited the grave of her mother. ''Truth or Dare'' was retitled ''In Bed with Madonna'' for its UK release. These titles were parodied by the UK TV show ''[[In Bed With Medinner]]'' and the American TV spoof ''[[Medusa]]: Dare To Be Truthful'', which starred former [[MTV]] personality [[Julie Brown]].
In [[1992]] Madonna appeared in the [[Penny Marshall]] film ''[[A League of Their Own]]'' which revolved around a women's baseball team. Her performance was heralded by critics as an impressive return to the form she'd hinted at in ''Desperately Seeking Susan'', though her character, "All-The-Way Mae", a libidinous vamp, again seemed to play directly off Madonna's real life. She wrote and performed the movie's theme song, "This Used To Be My Playground". Its music video featured movie clips, and the song became a huge [[adult contemporary music|AC]] hit and Madonna's tenth [[Hot 100]] number one single.
===''Sex'' and ''Erotica''===
[[Image:MadonnaErotica.jpg|thumb|"Erotica" Cover]][[1992]] also saw the release of her erotic book, ''[[Sex (book)|Sex]]''. Adult in nature, it featured Madonna as the centerpiece of photographs depicting various sexual fantasies and acts (including [[lesbian]]ism, [[anal sex]], [[sadomasochism]] and simulated [[rape]]). The book was bound in sheet metal and [[mylar|Mylar®]], and came with a CD single of her new song "Erotic", which was packaged to look like a giant condom.
She released her next album, ''[[Erotica]]'', in the same year. She co-wrote and produced this record mostly with the legendary [[Shep Pettibone]]. Almost a companion piece to the book, it featured bold sexual anthems that made no attempt to disguise their star's appetite for erotic fantasy and role-playing. The album spawned a number of top ten hits, including "Erotica" (which became the highest-debuting (#2) single in the history of the [[Hot 100 Airplay]] Chart) and "Deeper And Deeper". Outside of America "Fever" and "Bye Bye Baby" were also hits, while domestically "Rain" and "Bad Girl" went on to achieve modest chart success.
The music videos from ''Erotica'' were groundbreaking in a number of ways. Two different treatments of the title video were released: an "uncut" European version which featured graphic nudity and overt depiction of sexual acts, and a censored American version, which contained more suggestive, rapidly changing images, edited in such a way that the most risqué scenes were obscured or omitted. Despite this, even the expurgated version of the video was deemed too raunchy for America in 1992. Though the song was a huge hit, the video only aired a total of three times on MTV, always after midnight, and always preceded by a warning (issued by Kurt Loder) that viewers should change the channel if S&M and homosexuality were not to their taste.
At present, the censored version of the "Erotica" video has been unbanned by MTV and VH1, and has been aired in its entirety several times on VH1 and MTV2 within the past 5 or 6 years, not always late at night or early in the morning. Indeed, since [[2000]], MTV2 has broadcast the video several times in the middle of the afternoon, during Madonna-related special programming, as occurred around the time of the [[2003]] release of her ''American Life'' album.
The "Rain" video, one of the first directed by [[Mark Romanek]], was notable for its frame-by-frame colorization of black and white stock, a painstaking process which lent it a highly stylized appearance. The "Fever" video, one of [[Stephane Sednaoui]]'s first, was also well-received, and the video for "Bad Girl", which featured [[Christopher Walken]] as an angel, told a disturbing tale of a woman whose lifestyle leads to her rape and murder.
Reviews of the book and album were, for the most part, unsympathetic, with many critics lambasting the "aging" ''provocatrice'' for her "tasteless" use of sexuality to "shift units". Nevertheless, despite the press brickbats, the book became an instant bestseller and the album went on to sell more than three million copies worldwide (less than previous albums, but still a huge hit by anyone else's standards).
The Madonna "industry" appeared to go into overdrive in [[1993]] when she appeared in a number of film roles. ''[[Body of Evidence]]'' was regarded by many commentators as an exercise in soft-core [[pornography]], with Madonna portraying a woman accused of killing her lover by means of sexual intercourse. The film contained copious nudity and graphic sex scenes. ''[[Dangerous Game]]'' was similar in plot and content. Madonna would later comment that this entire period of her life was designed to give the world every single morsel of what they seemed to be demanding in their invasion of her private life. She hoped that once it was all out in the open, people could settle down and focus on her work.
1993 also saw single release of the obscure single "Get Over" by actor/model Nick Scotti which was written by Madonna and [[Stephen Bray]]. It was used in the 1992 Sountrack for the film "Nothing But Trouble". It was a minor US dance hit and was produced by Madonna and [[Shep Pettibone]]. She also made a prominent appearance on the backing vocals.
===''Bedtime Stories''===
[[Image:Bedtimestories.jpg|thumb|"Bedtime Stories" Cover]]
[[Image:MadonnaSomethingToRemember.jpg|thumb|"Something To Remember" Cover]]
In [[1994]] Madonna released ''[[Bedtime Stories]]''. The album, which took her back to her [[R&B]] roots, found her in sultry voice as she tackled a number of topics which extended far beyond the subject matter of her early songs. The top ten hit "Secret" told the story of a [[heterosexual]] man in love with a [[transsexual]], while "Human Nature" - which included lines such as: "I'm not sorry / I'm not your bitch" and "Did I say something wrong? Oops, I didn't know I couldn't talk about sex" - appeared to be directed at the media and critics who had questioned her decisions in recent years. Other top ten hits included "Bedtime Story", penned by singer [[Björk]], and "Take a Bow", penned by singer Babyface, who also sang vocals. The album was nominated for a [[Grammy]] in the same year, and Madonna sang "Take a Bow" at the awards. Originally this album did not start out so smoothly. It spawned several [[Unreleased Madonna Songs]] co-written with [[Shep Pettibone]] in 1994 that were shelved as Madonna changed creative gears. One throw-a-way called "Love Won't Wait" was later sent to [[Gary Barlow]] to record. He took his vocal of the song to #1 in the UK years later in 1997 with Madonna writing credits.
At the time it was made in [[1995]], "Bedtime Story", which cost over $2 million, was the most expensive music video in history. Madonna only held this record for a few months, however, as [[Michael Jackson]]'s "Scream" video - which cost $7 million and still holds the record to this day - broke it later that year.
Despite the apparent "maturity" of ''Bedtime Stories'', Madonna seemed in no rush to put her reputation for controversy behind her. In [[March]] [[1994]] she made an appearance on ''[[The Late Show With David Letterman]]'' in which she repeatedly uttered profanities, saying the word "[[fuck]]" 13 times.
In an attempt to improve her acting credentials, Madonna opted over the next few years to take small roles in [[indie film|independent films]]. She appeared as a singing [[telegram]] girl in ''[[Blue in the Face]]'' ([[1995]]) and as a witch in ''[[Four Rooms]]'' ([[1995]]). She also appeared as a [[phone sex]] company owner in [[Spike Lee]]'s flop ''[[Girl 6]]'' in [[1996]].
In this period the world also saw her very public falling out with former DJ pal and remixer/producer [[Junior Vasquez]] due to the release of his huge club hit "If Madonna Calls". She did not approve.
===''Evita''===
[[Image:EvitaSoundtrack.jpg|thumb|"Evita" Soundtrack]]In a further attempt to soften her image, Madonna released a second greatest hits album in [[1996]], this time collecting a number of ballads under the title ''[[Something to Remember]]''. She began to wear fashionable designer dresses and softened her (by now medium length) hair to honey blonde. This may have helped her to secure the coveted role of [[Eva Perón]] in the [[1996]] film ''[[Evita]]''. The film marked the first time Madonna was heralded as an actress in a leading role. She delivered a [[Golden Globe]] winning performance and was critically praised; nevertheless, her detractors still managed to point out the similarities between the character (a former actress and fame-hungry politician's wife) and Madonna's own life.
The ''Evita'' soundtrack would go on to become Madonna's twelfth platinum album, thanks to the singles "Don't Cry For Me Argentina" and "You Must Love Me", the latter receiving an [[Oscar]] nomination for best original song in a movie. While "You Must Love Me" was a moderate hit on radio and [[MTV]], it was actually a dance remix of "Don't Cry For Me Argentina" that cemented the soundtrack's mainstream pop success. The remix became a worldwide top ten hit in early [1997]], and helped "Argentina" to peak at #8 on the [[Hot 100]].
The 3rd single "Another Suitcase in Another Hall" became a European top ten hit.
The announced 4th single "Buenos Aires" was only released as a promo.
===''Ray of Light''===
[[Image:Rayoflight.jpg|thumb|"Ray of Light" Cover]]In [[1998]] Madonna reinvented herself yet again. During [[1996]] and [[1998]] she began studying mystical [[Judaism]] and The [[Kabbalah]]. She took [[Yoga]] lessons and pursued a vigorous exercise regime that brought her body to a peak of toned fitness. She became pregnant by her then lover, personal trainer [[Carlos Leon]], and bore his child [[Lourdes Leon Ciccone]] in [[1996]]. In [[1998]] she released ''[[Ray of Light]]'', an album co-produced by [[Europe]]an [[techno music]] performer [[William Orbit]]. Co-writing credits go to [[Patrick Leonard]] and [[Rick Nowels]]. The album became her biggest hit in nearly ten years, selling over ten million copies. It spawned the top ten singles "Frozen", "Ray of Light", "Drowned World / Substitute For Love", "Nothing Really Matters" (accompanied by a video in which she portrayed a cross between a clubber and a [[geisha]] girl), and "The Power of Goodbye".
Her vocals were notably stronger, likely an after effect of the vocal training she received for ''[[Evita]]''. The lyrics were some of Madonna's most introspective. "Mer Girl" dealt with motherhood from the perspective of a woman who had lost her own mother as a child; "Little Star" was a paean to the wise choices her own daughter would make in the future; "Swim" addressed the topic of violence in popular culture. Still, critics were quick to note that Madonna was doing only what she knew best: taking things from the cultures around her (in this case, techno music and Eastern mysticism) and refining them for mass consumption. Madonna received her first [[Grammy]] award in her 15 year career for ''Ray of Light''.
After endlessly promoting ''[[Ray of Light]]'', Madonna focused next on her pet project, a film called ''[[The Next Best Thing]]''. Co-starring her friend, the openly [[gay]] actor [[Rupert Everett]], the film told the story of a [[heterosexual]] woman and her gay best friend. After a drunken night of sex they discover that she is pregnant, and decide to raise the child together, but outside romances intervene to cause conflict and estrangement. Critics praised the first half of the film, but panned the second half in which it assumed the trappings of a courtroom drama. The soundtrack spawned the worldwide (excluding the US, where it was not commercially released) number one hit "[[American Pie (song)|American Pie]]", a dance cover version of the [[Don McLean]] classic. The film itself, released in [[2000]], was a flop. Madonna contributed the top ten hit "Beautiful Stranger" to the soundtrack of the ''[[Austin Powers: the Spy Who Shagged Me]]'' film in the same year.
===''Music''===
[[Image:Musicmad.jpg|thumb|"Music" Cover]]
[[Image:MadonnaGHV2.jpg|thumb|"GHV2" Cover]]
In [[2000]] Madonna released the album ''[[Music]]''. A ''bona fide'' commercial and critical hit, it saw Madonna abandon her earlier sexual and religious themes for throwaway lyrics and the "party" spirit of dance, pop and techno. ''Music'' was produced partly by Orbit and partly by French techno musician [[Mirwais Ahmadzai]]. It spawned the top ten hits "Music", "Don't Tell Me", and "What It Feels Like For a Girl". The latter was accompanied by a striking music video directed by Madonna's then boyfriend, film director [[Guy Ritchie]]. In it Madonna robs an [[Automatic Teller Machine]], runs over several innocent bystanders, blows up a gas station and eventually commits suicide by driving into a lamppost. The video was meant to showcase the fact that when men in film commit violent acts it is accepted, but when women do it just as mercilessly, it is shunned. Her point was arguably confirmed when the video was banned by [[MTV]]. ''Music'' was notable for another revamping of Madonna's image, this time as a cross between a disco-loving party girl and a rustic cowgirl. It started yet another fashion trend, with pink cowboy hats adorned by tiaras cropping up on high streets and catwalks around the world.
On [[22 December]], [[2000]] Madonna married director [[Guy Ritchie]] at [[Skibo Castle]] in [[Scotland]]. She released her second Greatest Hits album, ''[[GHV2]]'', in [[2001]]; unlike her previous greatest hits compilation, ''GHV2'' featured a selection of her hits from the 1992-2001 period, but did not contain any new songs. Without a single to promote the album, Madonna decided to release a single and video entitled the "Thunderpuss GHV2 Megamix". While the [[medley]] earned relatively subdued radio coverage, the innovative video was a modest success on [[MTV]], [[MTV2]], and [[VH1]]. In [[June 2001]], she appeared in ''Star'', a short film directed for [[BMW]] by Guy Ritchie, and then began working on a remake of the classic film ''[[Swept Away]]'', the story of a wealthy socialite who, after a shipwreck, is trapped on a deserted island with a poor male servant. The film, released in [[2002]], was critically panned and went on to become yet another in a string of flops.
In 2002 Madonna continued to make music ("[[Die Another Day]]" for the [[James Bond]] film of the same name, in which she had a cameo as Verity, a fencing instructor), and to act. She seemed to have settled into the role of an Earth Warrior/Mother (she gave birth to her second child, a son - Rocco - in the same year), spiritualist and elder "stateswoman" of pop. Apparently content with her second marriage, her career, although only a shadow of what it was in the mid 1980s, continued to keep her in the limelight.
===''American Life''===
[[Image:Americanlifemad.jpg|thumb|"American Life" Cover]]
[[Image:Remixedandrevisited.JPG|thumb|right|"Remixed And Revisited" Cover]]
Her artistic reputation appeared to take a turn for the worse, however, when the critical drubbing she received for ''Swept Away'' was followed by an equally brutal critical reception for her [[2003]] album ''American Life''. American critics described the album as "tired", monotonous, and an indication that she was "in need of a vacation" from the stress of her career. In yet another move that followed her pattern of creating "controversy" in the wake of an album's release, she filmed a [[music video]] for "American Life", which included a scene of her tossing a hand grenade into the lap of a President [[George W. Bush]] [[lookalike]]. Perhaps mindful of the protests and boycotts that had greeted the [[Dixie Chicks]] after they made some anti-war comments, the video was revoked, presumably at Madonna's request, on the day it premiered (it was aired for only a few hours) and was later replaced by a more "neutral" treatment. Shortly after this incident, the online world was surprised and amused when marketers and promoters of her album attempted to disrupt the [[Internet]] [[file sharing]] networks by uploading a large number of "junk" musical files bearing her name. Instead of downloading an actual Madonna song, seekers of online music instead found themselves downloading a file of Madonna saying, "What the fuck do you think you're doing?". The [[Madonna Remix Project]] took this file and added music to mock Madonna's attempt to "inspire guilt" in [[peer-to-peer]] users. [http://www.irixx.org/madonna/madonnaremix.html]
The album was a huge success outside the U.S. where the subsequent singles "Nothing Fails", "Hollywood" and "Love Profusion" continued to place Madonna on the charts. Madonna tried to warm up American radio to the collection with a promotional campaign with rapper [[Missy Elliott]] sponsored by The Gap retail clothing chain using the tune "Into The Hollywood Groove". "Love Profusion" was also used in commercials by [[Estée Lauder]]. Neither promotion however was able to revive the album in the States.
Famous for her appearances at the [[MTV]] Video Music Awards, in 2003 Madonna provoked the public once again by portraying a groom and kissing her "brides" [[Britney Spears]] and [[Christina Aguilera]] on stage. The gender role reversal and same sex [[lesbian]] theme instantly made front page headlines. The three singers performed a medley of her old hits "Like A Virgin", "Into The Groove" and the newer release, "Hollywood" with a guest rap by Missy Elliott. The design resembled Madonna's performance of "Like A Virgin" at the 1984 VMA's: the same wedding cake set, wedding dresses and "Boy Toy" belt worn by Madonna in 1984 now adorned Aguilera and Spears, who many believe - not least the pop "princesses" themselves - to be the heirs and beneficiaries of Madonna's pop legacy.
==Current Events==
[[Image:Madyoga1.jpg|thumb|right|Madonna, Re-invention World Tour 2004]]
Madonna publicly endorsed [[Wesley Clark]] for the [[United States Democratic Party]] 2004 [[U.S. Democratic Party presidential nomination, 2004|presidential nomination]] in December 2003.
In 2004, Madonna embarked on her "Re-Invention World Tour", during which she played 55 dates across the United States, Canada, and Europe. The tour explored social, political and religious themes, and included images of [[yoga]], [[sacred geometry]], [[tarot]] cards and [[astrology]], as well as [[Judeo-Christian tradition|Judeo-Christian]] [[iconography]] such as the [[tree of life]]. Her musical horizons also expanded as she added a surprise cover version of the [[John Lennon]] favorite "Imagine" to her live repertoire. Madonna met ''[[Fahrenheit 9/11]]'' filmmaker [[Michael Moore]] backstage for a photo op during the tour and openly embraced political commentary in her act, which included a scathing indictment of [[George W. Bush]] and the [[2003 Iraq war]].
After a brief battle with [[Warner Brothers]] Music (with whom she shared her record label Maverick at a percentage of 40/60 respectively), Madonna sold her shares in the label and announced that she is no longer involved in its dealings.
In the same month, Madonna announced that she had adopted the name [[Esther]], a tribute to the ancient [[Persia]]n [[Monarch|Queen]] who helped the [[Judaism|Jewish]] people. In an interview with [[American Broadcasting Company|ABC]], she said: "This is in no way a negation of who my mother is. [ ... ] I wanted to attach myself to the energy of a different name."
This decision and much of the artistic imagery used in her recent work have been driven by Madonna's intense study of [[Kaballah]] at the controversial [[Kabbalah Centre]], and her abandonment of [[Catholicism]]. The faith is popular among a number of other celebrities, some of whom were introduced to it by Madonna herself. Devotees include [[Elizabeth Taylor]], [[Britney Spears]], [[Demi Moore]], [[Ashton Kutcher]], [[Winona Ryder]], [[Roseanne Barr]], [[Jerry Hall]], [[Jeff Goldblum]], [[Courtney Love]] and [[Paris Hilton]].
==Trivia==
* Her [[Confirmation (sacrament)#Roman Catholic views|confirmation]] name was Madonna Louise Veronica Ciccone.
* Brother [[Christopher Ciccone]] is an interior designer to the stars.
* Her own record label, [[Maverick Records]], was responsible for the success of such stars as [[Alanis Morissette]], [[Meshell Ndegeocello]] and [[The Prodigy]].
* Performed with the [[Alvin Ailey]] dance troupe.
* Has been condemned by the [[Puerto Rican]] [[Puerto Rico House of Representatives|House of Representatives]] (for pulling a Puerto Rican flag across her genitals).
* Was offered [[Meryl Streep]]'s role in ''[[Music of the Heart]]'', [[Michelle Pfeiffer]]'s role in ''[[The Fabulous Baker Boys]]'', and [[Sharon Stone]]'s role in ''[[Casino]]'' but turned them down. (Streep, Pfeiffer, and Stone were all nominated for [[Academy Award|Oscar]]s for these roles.)
* Has an [[IQ]] of 140.
* Has sold 153 million albums worldwide.
* Designer Stella McCartney, daughter of [[Paul McCartney|Paul]] and Linda, was [[Matron of Honor]] at Madonna's second wedding. Actress [[Gwyneth Paltrow]] was apparently the first choice but decided against it.
* Revealed that [[Sean Penn]] was the greatest love of her life in the documentary ''Truth or Dare''.
* Her father, Silvio (aka Tony), operates the award-winning [http://www.cicconevineyards.com/ Ciccone Vineyard & Winery] in [[Suttons Bay, Michigan]], her native state.
== Discography ==
Madonna's albums with some of the main singles from each album.
===Studio albums===
* [[1983]] ''Madonna'' ("Holiday", "Lucky Star", "Borderline", ...) [released outside America as: ''The First Album''
* [[1984]] ''Like A Virgin'' ("Material Girl", "Angel", "Into The Groove", ...)
* [[1986]] ''True Blue'' ("Papa Don't Preach", "La Isla Bonita", ...)
* [[1989]] ''Like A Prayer'' ("Express Yourself", "Cherish", ...)
* [[1992]] ''Erotica'' ("Erotica", "Fever", "Rain", "Deeper and Deeper", "Bye-Bye Baby", ...)
* [[1994]] ''Bedtime Stories'' ("Secret", "Take A Bow", "Bedtime Story", "Human Nature", ...)
* [[1998]] ''Ray Of Light'' ("Ray of Light", "Frozen", "The Power Of Goodbye", "Nothing Really Matters", ...)
* [[2000]] ''Music'' ("Music", "Don't Tell Me", "American Pie", ...)
* [[2003]] ''American Life'' ("American Life", "Hollywood", "Nothing Fails", "Love Profusion" ...)
===Compilations===
* [[1987]] ''You Can Dance'' ("Spotlight", "Into The Groove", ...)
* [[1990]] ''The Immaculate Collection'' ("Vogue", "Into The Groove", "Rescue Me" ...)
* [[1995]] ''Something To Remember'' ("I Want You", "You'll See", "One More Chance" ...)
* [[2001]] ''GHV2: Greatest Hits Volume 2'' ("Frozen", "Secret", "Erotica" ...)
* [[2003]] ''Remixed & Revisited'' (E.P. featuring unreleased tracks and rock and roll versions of "American Life" singles)
===Soundtracks===
* [[1985]] ''Vision Quest'' ("Gambler", "Crazy For You")
* [[1987]] ''Who's That Girl - Original Motion Picture Soundtrack'' ("Who's That Girl", "Causing A Commotion", ...)
* [[1990]] ''I'm Breathless - Music From And Inspired By The Film "Dick Tracy" ("Vogue", "Hanky Panky", ...)
* [[1992]] "A League Of Their Own" ( "This Used To Be My Playground")
* [[1994]] ''Music from the Motion Picture Soundtrack "With Honors"'' ("I'll Remember")
* [[1996]] ''Evita - The Complete Motion Picture Music Soundtrack'' ("Don't Cry For Me Argentina", "You Must Love Me" ...)
* [[1999]] ''Music from the Motion Picture "Austin Powers - The Spy Who Shagged Me"'' ("Beautiful Stranger")
* [[2000]] ''Music from the Motion Picture "The Next Best Thing"'' ("American Pie", "Time Stood Still")
* [[2002]] ''Music from the MGM Motion Picture "Die Another Day"'' ("Die Another Day")
===Other Albums===
* [[1989]] ''The Early Years'' ("On The Street", "Wild Dancing", ...) [no singles]
* [[1996]] ''Pre-Madonna'' ("Laugh To Keep From Crying", "Don't You Know?", ...) [no singles]
* [[1998]] ''In The Beginning'' (contains the same tracks as ''Pre-Madonna'')
===The Singles===
* [[2003]] ''Love Profusion
* [[2003]] ''Nothing Fails (Non U.S. Release)
* [[2003]] ''Nobody Knows Me (Club Promo Only Release)
* [[2003]] ''Me Against The Music
* [[2003]] ''Hollywood
* [[2003]] ''American Life
* [[2002]] ''Die Another Day
* [[2001]] ''GHV2 Megamix (Club Promo Only Release)
* [[2001]] ''Impressive Instant (Club Promo Only Release)
* [[2001]] ''What It Feels Like For A Girl
* [[2000]] ''Don't Tell Me
* [[2000]] ''Music
* [[2000]] ''American Pie (Non U.S. Release)
* [[1999]] ''Beautiful Stranger (Non U.S. Release)
* [[1999]] ''Nothing Really Matters
* [[1998]] ''The Power Of Good-Bye
* [[1998]] ''Drowned World/ Substitute For Love (Non U.S. Release)
* [[1998]] ''Ray Of Light
* [[1998]] ''Frozen
* [[1997]] ''Buenos Aires (Club Promo Only Release)
* [[1997]] ''Another Suitcase In Another Hall (Non U.S. Release)
* [[1996]] ''Don't Cry For Me Argentina
* [[1996]] ''You Must Love Me
* [[1996]] ''Love Don't Live Here Anymore/ Remix
* [[1996]] ''One More Chance
* [[1995]] ''Oh Father (Non U.S. Release)
* [[1995]] ''Veras (Latin Promo Release)
* [[1995]] ''You'll See
* [[1995]] ''Human Nature
* [[1995]] ''Bedtime Story
* [[1994]] ''Take a Bow
* [[1994]] ''Secret
* [[1994]] ''I'll Remember
* [[1993]] ''Bye Bye Baby (Non U.S. Release)
* [[1993]] ''Rain
* [[1993]] ''Fever (Non U.S. Release)
* [[1993]] ''Bad Girl
* [[1993]] ''Deeper And Deeper
* [[1993]] ''Erotica
* [[1992]] ''This Used To Be My Playground
* [[1991]] ''Rescue Me
* [[1991]] ''Holiday (UK Release)
* [[1991]] ''Crazy For You (UK Release)
* [[1990]] ''Justify My Love
* [[1990]] ''Hanky Panky
* [[1990]] ''Vogue
* [[1990]] ''Keep It Together (U.S. Only Release)
* [[1989]] ''Dear Jessie (Non U.S. Release)
* [[1989]] ''Oh Father (U.S. Only Release)
* [[1989]] ''Cherish
* [[1989]] ''Express Yourself
* [[1989]] ''Like a Prayer
* [[1987]] ''Spotlight (Japan Only Release)
* [[1987]] ''The Look Of Love (Non U.S. Release)
* [[1987]] ''Causing a Commotion
* [[1987]] ''Who's That Girl
* [[1986]] ''La Isla Bonita
* [[1986]] ''Open Your Heart
* [[1986]] ''True Blue
* [[1986]] ''Papa Don't Preach
* [[1986]] ''Live To Tell
* [[1985]] ''Love Don't Live Here Anymore (Japan Only Release)
* [[1985]] ''Dress You Up
* [[1985]] ''Angel
* [[1985]] ''Gambler
* [[1985]] ''Into The Groove (Non U.S. Release)
* [[1984]] ''Crazy For You
* [[1984]] ''Material Girl
* [[1984]] ''Like a Virgin
* [[1984]] ''Borderline
* [[1983]] ''Holiday
* [[1983]] ''Lucky Star
* [[1982]] ''Burning Up
* [[1982]] ''Everybody
==Filmography==
* [[1985]] ''[[A Certain Sacrifice]]''
* [[1985]] ''[[Desperately Seeking Susan]]''
* [[1985]] ''[[Vision Quest]]''
* [[1986]] ''[[Shanghai Surprise]]''
* [[1987]] ''[[Who's That Girl?]]''
* [[1989]] ''[[Bloodhounds of Broadway]]''
* [[1990]] ''[[Dick Tracy]]''
* [[1992]] ''[[A League Of Their Own]]''
* [[1992]] ''[[Shadows And Fog]]''
* [[1993]] ''[[Dangerous Game]]''
* [[1993]] ''[[Body Of Evidence]]''
* [[1995]] ''[[Four Rooms]]''
* [[1995]] ''[[Blue In The Face]]''
* [[1996]] ''[[Girl 6]]''
* [[1996]] ''[[Evita]]''
* [[2000]] ''[[The Next Best Thing]]''
* [[2001]] ''[[Star]]''
* [[2002]] ''[[Die Another Day]]''
* [[2002]] ''[[Swept Away]]''
==Bibliography==
* [[1992]] ''[[SEX]]''
* [[2003]] ''[[The English Roses]]''
* [[2003]] ''[[Mr Peabody's Apples]]''
* [[2004]] ''[[Yakov and the Seven Thieves]]''
* [[2004]] ''[[Lotsa de Casha]]''
* [[2004]] ''[[The Adventures of Abdi]]''
==See also==
*[[Unreleased Madonna Songs]]
== External links==
* [http://www.madonna.com Madonna.com]
* [http://www.kabbalah.com/english/ The Kabbalah Centre]
* [http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0000187/ IMDb entry on Madonna]
* [http://ubl.artistdirect.com/music/artist/bio/0,,414944,00.html?artist=Madonna Artist Direct]
* [http://www.vh1.com/artists/az/madonna/bio.jhtml Artist Biography]
* [http://www.allaboutmadonna.tk all about : Madonna]
* [http://homepage.ntlworld.com/alan.stuart/music/madonna/discs.html The A-Z of Madonna]
* [http://www.mad-eyes.net/ Belgian Madonna Page]
* [http://www.dmoz.org/Arts/People/M/Madonna/ Madonna Directory]
[[Category:Pop singers|Madonna]]
[[Category:U.S. actors and actresses|Madonna]]
[[Category:Cinema actors|Madonna]]
[[Category:Gay icons|Madonna]]
[[Category:Female singers]]
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