Keith Laumer: differenze tra le versioni

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{{Bio

|Nome = John Keith

|Cognome = Laumer

|PostCognomeVirgola =

|PreData =

|Sesso = M

|LuogoNascita =

Riga 13 ⟶ 10:

|GiornoMeseMorte = 23 gennaio

|AnnoMorte = 1993

|Epoca = 1900

|Attività = scrittore

|Epoca = 1900

|Attività2 =

|Nazionalità = statunitense

|PostNazionalità = &nbsp;di [[fantascienza]]

|Immagine =

|Didascalia =

}}

Prima di diventare scrittore a tempo pieno, è stato unfu ufficiale della [[U.S. Air Force]] e un diplomatico degli [[Stati Uniti]]. Anche suo fratello [[March Laumer]] fu uno scrittore, noto per la sua rivisitazione per adulti della [[Terra di Oz]] (menzionata anche in ''[[The Other Side of Time]]'' del fratello Keith).

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==Writing career==

Keith Laumer is best known for his [[Bolo (self-aware tank)|Bolo]] stories and his [[satirical]] [[Retief]] series. The former chronicles the evolution of juggernaut-sized [[tanks]] that eventually become [[self-aware]] through the constant improvement resulting from centuries of intermittent warfare against various alien races. The latter deals with the adventures of a cynical spacefaring diplomat who constantly has to overcome the red-tape-infused failures of people with names like Ambassador Grossblunder. The Retief stories were greatly influenced by Laumer's earlier career in the [[United States Foreign Service]]. In an interview with Paul Walker of ''Luna Monthly'', Laumer states "I had no shortage of iniquitous memories of the Foreign Service."

Four of his shorter works received [[Hugo Award|Hugo]] or [[Nebula Award]] nominations (one of them, "In the Queue", received nominations for both) and his novel ''[[A Plague of Demons]]'' was nominated for the [[Nebula Award for Best Novel]] in [[1966]].

During the peak years of [[1959]]–[[1971]], Laumer was a prolific science fiction writer, with his novels tending to follow one of two patterns:

*fast-paced, straight [[adventure]]s in time and space, with an emphasis on lone-wolf, latent [[superman]] [[protagonists]], self-[[sacrifice]] and [[transcendence (philosophy)|transcendence]]

*broad [[comedy|comedies]], sometimes of the over-the-top variety

In [[1971]], Laumer suffered a [[stroke]] while working on the novel ''The Ultimax Man''. As a result, he was unable to write for a few years. As he explained in an interview with [[Charles Platt (science-fiction author)|Charles Platt]] published in ''The Dream Makers'' ([[1987]]), he refused to accept the doctors' diagnosis. He came up with an alternative explanation and developed an alternative (and very painful) treatment program. Although he was unable to write in the early 1970s, he had a number of books which were in the pipeline at the time of the stroke published during that time.

In the mid-[[1970s]], Laumer partially recovered from the stroke and resumed writing. However, the quality of his work suffered and his career declined (Piers Anthony, ''How Precious Was That While'', 2002). In later years Laumer also reused scenarios and characters from his earlier works to create "new" books, which some critics felt was to their detriment:

<blockquote>

Alas, ''Retief to the Rescue'' doesn't seem so much like a new Retief novel, but a kind of Cuisnart mélange of past books.<p>

-- [[Somtow Sucharitkul]] (''Washington Post'', Mar 27, 1983. p. BW11)

</blockquote>

His Bolo creations were popular enough that other authors have written standalone science-fiction novels about them.

==Model airplane designer==

Laumer was also a model airplane enthusiast, and published two dozen designs between [[1956]] and [[1962]] in the U.S. magazines ''[[Air Trails]]'', ''[[Model Airplane News]]'' and ''[[Flying Models]]'', as well as the [[Great Britain|British]] ''[[Aero Modeler]]''. He published one book on the subject, ''How to Design and Build Flying Models'' in [[1960]]. His later designs were mostly gas-powered free flight planes, and had a whimsical charm with names to match, like the "Twin Lizzie" and the "Lulla-Bi". His designs are still being revisited, reinvented and built today.

==Bibliography==

===Bolo===

Books concerning [[Bolo (self-aware tank)|Bolo]] war machines: self-aware tanks. Co-author book credits also indicated at [[Bolo (self-aware tank)|Bolo Self-aware Tank]].

*''Bolo'' ([[1976]])

*''Bolo: Annals of the Dinochrome Brigade'' ([[1986]])

*''Rogue Bolo'' ([[1986]])

*''The Stars Must Wait'' ([[1990]])

*''The Compleat Bolo'' ([[1990]])

===Retief===

Satirical adventures of [[Retief]], the galactic diplomat.

*''Envoy to New Worlds'' ([[1963]])

*''Galactic Diplomat'' ([[1965]])

*''Retief's War'' ([[1966]])

*''Retief and the Warlords'' ([[1968]])

*''Retief: ambassador to space; seven incidents of the Corps diplomatique terrestrienne (1969)

*''Retief of the CDT'' ([[1971]])

*''Retief's Ransom'' ([[1971]])

*''Retief: Emissary to the Stars'' ([[1975]])

*''Retief at Large'' ([[1978]])

*''Retief Unbound'' ([[1979]])

*''Retief: Diplomat at Arms'' ([[1982]])

*''Retief to the Rescue'' ([[1983]])

*''The Return of Retief'' ([[1984]])

*''Retief'' ([[1986]])

*''Retief in the Ruins'' ([[1986]])

*''Retief and the Pangalactic Pageant of Pulchritude'' ([[1986]])

*''Reward for Retief'' ([[1989]])

*''Retief and the Rascals'' ([[1993]])

*''Retief!'' (posthumous, ed. [[Eric Flint]]) ([[2002]])

==== Mad Dog Graphics: Keith Laumer's Retief (comic) ====

* #1, ''Policy'' ([[1987]])

* #2, ''Sealed Orders'' ([[1987]])

* #3, ''Protest Note'' ([[1987]])

* #4, ''Saline Solution'' ([[1987]])

* #5, ''Ultimatum'' ([[1988]])

* #6, ''The forest in the Sky'' ([[1988]])

=== Adventure Comics: Keith Laumer's Retief (comics) ===

* #1, ''The peace makers'' ([[1989]])

* #2, ''Ballots and Bandits'' ([[1990]])

* #3, ''Mechanical Advantage'' ([[1990]])

* #4, ''Aide Memoire'' ([[1990]])

* #5, ''Wicker Wonderland'' ([[1990]])

=== Adventure Comics: Retief and the Warlords (comics) ===

* #1, ''no title'' ([[1991]])

* #2, ''no title'' ([[1991]])

* #3, ''no title'' ([[1991]])

* #4, ''no title'' ([[1991]])

=== Adventure Comics: Retief Diplomatic Immunity (comics) ===

* #1, ''The Forbidden City'' ([[1991]])

* #2, ''The Castle of Light'' ([[1991]])

=== Adventure Comics: Retief The Giant Killer (comics) ===

* #1, ''The Giant Killer'' ([[1991]])

=== Adventure Comics: Retief Crime & Punishment (comics) ===

* #1, ''Crime & Punishment'' ([[1991]])

=== Adventure Comics (comic) ===

* 1 Paperback

===Imperium===

Books set in the Imperium mythos: a continuum of [[parallel universe (fiction)|parallel worlds]] policed by the Imperium, a government based in an alternate [[London]]. In the science fiction novel ''Worlds of the Imperium'' the '''Imperium''' are a race or culture that formed in an alterate history, where the American Revolution did not occur and the British Empire and Germany merged into a unified empire in 1900. Laumer writes about the main character, Bayard, who goes after an evil dictator of another world by using an interdimensional space traveling device called the Maxoni-Cocini field generator.

*''Worlds of the Imperium'' ([[1962]])

*''The Other Side of Time'' ([[1965]])

*''Assignment in Nowhere'' ([[1968]])

*''Beyond the Imperium'' (omnibus edition of ''The Other Side of Time'' and ''Assignment in Nowhere'') ([[1981]])

*''Zone Yellow'' ([[1990]])

*''Imperium'' (omnibus edition of ''Worlds of the Imperium'', ''Assignment in Nowhere'' and ''The Other Side of Time'', ed. Eric Flint) ([[2005]])

===Time Trap===

*''Time Trap'' ([[1970]])

*''Back to the Time Trap'' ([[1992]])

Ha firmato opere anche con lo pseudonimo di '''Anthony Le Baron'''.<ref>{{cita libro|titolo= Tale of the Future|url= https://archive.org/details/taleoffuturefrom0000clar|lingua= en|autore= Ignatius Frederick Clarke|editore= Biddies of Guilford|anno= 1978|isbn= 0-85365-550-2|p= [https://archive.org/details/taleoffuturefrom0000clar/page/331 331]|città= Londra}}</ref>

===Lafayette O'Leary===

A comic equivalent of the Imperium mythos, in which the hero has the ability to travel to feudal/magical alternate Earths.

*''The Time Bender'' ([[1966]])

*''The World Shuffler'' ([[1970]])

*''The Shape Changer'' ([[1972]])

*''The Galaxy Builder'' ([[1984]])

Anche suo fratello [[March Laumer]] fu uno scrittore, noto per la sua rivisitazione per adulti della [[Terra di Oz]] (menzionata anche in ''[[The Other Side of Time]]'' del fratello Keith).

===The Avengers (based on the TV series)===

*''#5: The Afrit Afair'' ([[1968]])

*''#6: The Drowned Queen'' ([[1968]])

*''#7: The Gold Bomb'' ([[1968]])

== Opere ==

===The Invaders (novelizations of the TV series)===

Ha pubblicato in Italia le seguenti opere.<ref>{{Catalogo SF|13085}}</ref>

*''The Invaders'' (UK title ''The Meteor Men, A Story of Invaders'' published as by Anthony LeBaron) ([[1967]])

=== Romanzi ===

*''Army of the Undead'' (UK title ''The Halo Highway'' published as by Rafe Bernard) ([[1967]])

*''Parte Prima'' (''Worlds of the Imperium'', 1961)

*''Enemies From Beyond'' ([[1967]])

*''[[Il segno dei due mondi]]'' (''A Trace of Memory'', 1962)

*''Agente 064: operazione demoni'' (''The Hounds of Hell'', 1964)

*''Il giorno prima dell'eternità'' (''The Day Before Forever'', 1968)

*''La spiaggia del dinosauro'' (''Dinosaur Beach'', 1971)

*''Odissea galattica'' (''Galactic Odyssey'', 1967)

*''[[Minaccia dagli Hukk]]'' (''The Glory Game'', 1973)

*''La guerra di Retief'' (''Retief's War'', 1967)

*''Oltre l'orbita di Giove'' (''The Star Treasure'', 1971)

*''Retief e i signori della guerra'' (''Retief and the Warlords'', 1968)

*''Il clandestino dei mondi'' (''The World Shuffler'', 1970)

*''La notte dei Troll'' (''The Night of the Trolls'', 1963)

*''Parte Terza'' (''Assignement in Nowhere'', 1968)

*''Parte Seconda'' (''The Other Side of Time'', 1965)

*''Diplomatico in assetto di guerra'' (''Diplomat-at-Arms'', 1960)

*''Il ritorno di Retief'' (''Retief's Ransom'', 1971)

*''Le stelle aspetteranno'' (''The Stars Must Wait'', 1990)

=== Racconti ===

*''Il re della città'' (''The King of the City'', 1961)

*''Sui gradini di casa'' (''Doorstep'', 1961)

*''La città sul mare'' (''The City That Grew in the Sea'', 1964)

*''L'astuzia di Retief'' (''Saline Solution'', 1963)

*''Problema di coesistenza'' (''Mightiest Qorn'', 1963)

*''Retief, gran diplomatico'' (''Retief God-Speaker'', 1965)

*''Brutta giornata per i vermi'' (''A Bad Day for Vermin'', 1965)

*''Muori da eroe'' (''End as Hero'', 1963)

*''Padrone del mondo'' (''World Master'', 1965)

*''Test di collocamento'' (''Placement Test'', 1964)

*''Arena n. 2'' (''The Body Builders'', 1966)

*''Evasione nell'assurdo'' (''It Could Be Anything'', 1966)

*''Diplomatico galattico'' (''Sealed Orders'', 1962)

*''Questione di protocollo'' (''Protocoll'', 1962)

*''Metamorfosi catalitica'' (''Clear as Mud'', 1967)

*''Thunderhead'' (''Thunderhead'', 1968)

*''Trappole e trattati'' (''Trick or Treaty'', 1965)

*''Il gigante assassino'' (''Giant Killer'', 1965)

*''La città proibita'' (''The Forbidden City'', 1969)

*''Fastidi con la diga'' (''Dam Nuisance'', 1968)

*''La foresta nel cielo'' (''The Forest in the Sky'', 1967)

*''Tregua o guai'' (''Truce or Consequences'', 1966)

*''Collaudo sul campo'' (''Field Test'', 1976)

*''Festa di compleanno'' (''Birthday Party'', 1978)

*''Non assicurabile'' (''Prototaph'', 1966)

*''Il relitto'' (''A Relict of War'', 1969)

*''Il diritto di resistere'' (''The Right to Resist'', 1971)

*''Il diritto di ribellarsi'' (''The Right to Revolt'', 1971)

*''Pareti'' (''The Walls'', 1963)

*''Unità da combattimento'' (''Combat Unit'', 1960)

*''Il segreto'' (''The Secret'', 1982)

*''Ibrido'' (''Hybrid'', 1961)

*''Test di distruttività'' (''Test to Destruction'', 1967)

*''Il legislatore'' (''The Lawgiver'', 1970)

===Standalone books=Note ==

<references />

*''How to Design and Build Flying Models'' (non-fiction) ([[1960]], revised in [[1970]])

*''A Trace of Memory'' ([[1962]])

*''[[The Great Time Machine Hoax]]'' ([[1964]])

*''[[A Plague of Demons]]'' ([[1965]])

*''Embassy'' (non-genre) ([[1965]])

*''The Frozen Planet'' (5 stories, title story by Keith Laumer) ([[1966]])

*''Catastrophe Planet'' ([[1966]])

*''Earthblood'' (with [[Rosel George Brown]]) ([[1966]])

*''The Monitors'' ([http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0064684/ filmed] in [[1969]]) ([[1966]])

*''Galactic Odyssey'' ([[1967]])

*''Nine by Laumer'' (collection) ([[1967]])

*''Planet Run'' (with [[Gordon R. Dickson]]) ([[1967]])

*''The Day Before Forever and Thunderhead'' (two short novels) ([[1969]])

*''Greylorn'' (collection) ([[1968]])

*''It's a Mad, Mad, Mad Galaxy'' (collection) ([[1968]])

*''The Long Twilight'' ([[1969]])

*''The Seeds of Gonyl'' (''[[If magazine]]'', never published as a book) ([[1969]])

*''The House in November'' (collection) ([[1970]])

*''The Star Treasure'' ([[1971]])

*''Deadfall'' (alternative title ''Fat Chance'', filmed as [http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0073526/ ''Peeper''] in [[1975]]) ([[1971]])

*''Dinosaur Beach'' ([[1971]]) (originally published as ''The time sweepers'' in 1969)

*''Once There Was a Giant'' (collection) ([[1971]])

*''The Big Show'' (collection) ([[1972]])

*''The Infinite Cage'' ([[1972]])

*''[[Night of Delusions]]'' ([[1972]])

*''Timetracks'' (collection) ([[1972]])

*''The Glory Game'' ([[1973]])

*''The Undefeated'' (collection) ([[1974]])

*''The Best of Keith Laumer'' (collection) ([[1976]])

*''The Ultimax Man'' ([[1978]])

*''The Breaking Earth'' (revision of ''Catastrophe Planet'') ([[1981]])

*''Star Colony'' ([[1982]])

*''[[Knight of Delusions]]'' (revision of ''Night of Delusions'') ([[1982]])

*''Chrestomathy'' (collection including many excerpts) ([[1984]])

*''End as a Hero'' ([[1985]])

*''The Other Sky and The House in November'' ([[1985]])

*''Alien Minds'' (collection including many excerpts) ([[1991]])

*''Judson's Eden'' ([[1991]])

*''Beenie in Oz'' (with [[March Laumer]], Tyler Jones, Michael J. Michanczyk) ([[1997]])

*''Keith Laumer: The Lighter Side'' (posthumous omnibus, ed. Eric Flint) ([[2001]])

*''Odyssey'' (posthumous omnibus, ed. [[Eric Flint]]) ([[2002]])

*''A Plague of Demons and Other Stories'' (posthumous omnibus, ed. Eric Flint) ([[2003]])

*''Legions of Space'' (posthumous omnibus, ed. Eric Flint) ([[2004]])

-->

==Altri progetti==

==Collegamenti esterni==

{{interprogetto|q}}

* <!-- {{isfdb name|id=Keith_Laumer|name=Keith Laumer}} -->

* [http://www.keithlaumer.com/ A dedicated Keith Laumer website], with biography and forum

* [http://www.iislands.com/hermit/bolo.html A Bolo Web page]

* [http://www.baen.com/library/klaumer.htm Keith Laumer books] at the [http://www.baen.com/library/ Baen Free Library]

* [http://users.stargate.net/~whkeith/htm/bolo.htm A Bolo web page] by William Keith (author of novels in the Bolo universe)

* [http://www.geocities.com/keithlaumer2002/SteveParker_Laumer.txt Steve Parker's review of Keith Laumer's work], including summaries of his work

== Collegamenti esterni ==

{{Portale|Fantascienza}}

* {{Collegamenti esterni}}

* {{en}} [https://web.archive.org/web/20070416235707/http://www.keithlaumer.com/ Sito dedicato a Keith Laumer]

* {{cita web|1=http://www.iislands.com/hermit/bolo.html|2=A Bolo Web page|lingua=en|accesso=4 maggio 2008|urlarchivio=https://web.archive.org/web/20060306100609/http://www.iislands.com/hermit/bolo.html|dataarchivio=6 marzo 2006|urlmorto=sì}}

* {{en}} [https://web.archive.org/web/20060821120616/http://www.baen.com/library/klaumer.htm Keith Laumer books] at the [http://www.baen.com/library/ Baen Free Library]

* {{en}} [http://users.stargate.net/~whkeith/htm/bolo.htm A Bolo web page] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080218193300/http://users.stargate.net/~whkeith/htm/bolo.htm |data=18 febbraio 2008 }} by William Keith (author of novels in the Bolo universe)

* {{en}} [https://web.archive.org/web/20090809150302/http://www.geocities.com/keithlaumer2002/SteveParker_Laumer.txt Steve Parker's review of Keith Laumer's work], including summaries of his work

{{Controllo di autorità}}

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