Civil engineering and Gottfried von Bismarck: Difference between pages

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In modern usage, '''civil engineering''' is a broad field of [[engineering]] that deals with the [[Urban planning|planning]], [[construction]], and [[maintenance]] of fixed [[structures]], or [[public works]], as they related to [[earth]], [[water]], or [[civilization]] and their processes. Most civil engineering today deals with [[road]]s, [[structure]]s, [[water]] supply, [[sewer]], [[flood]] control and [[traffic]]. In essence civil engineering is the profession which makes the world a more habitable place to live.
{{Infobox_Person | name = Gottfried Graf von Bismarck-Schönhausen
| other_names = ''Count Gottfried von Bismarck''
| birth_date = {{birth date|1962|9|19}}
| death_date ={{death date and age|2007|7|1|1962|9|19}}
| death_place = [[London]], [[England]], [[United Kingdom|UK]] {{flagicon|UK}}
| birth_place = [[Uccle]], [[Belgium]] {{flagicon|Belgium}}
| title = [[Count]] of Bismarck-Schönhausen
}}
'''Gottfried Alexander Leopold Graf von Bismarck-Schönhausen''' ([[19 September]] [[1962]] &ndash; [[1 July]] [[2007]]) was a controversial [[Germany|German]] aristocrat and socialite. <ref>[http://www.dailymail.co.uk/pages/live/articles/columnists/columnists.html?in_article_id=465791&in_page_id=1772&in_author_id=230 The Daily Mail]</ref>
 
==Family==
Engineering has developed from observations of the ways natural and constructed systems react and from the development of empirical equations that provide bases for design. Civil engineering is the broadest of the engineering fields. In fact engineering was once divided into only two fields--military and civil. All the engineering specialties have derived from civil engineering. Civil engineering is still an umbrella field comprised of many related specialities.
Born in [[Uccle]], [[Belgium]]<ref name="worldroots">[http://worldroots.com/brigitte/famous/h/herbordbismarckdesc1280-13.htm Worldroots] genealogy page.</ref>, Count Gottfried was the second son of Ferdinand Fürst von Bismarck and grandson of Otto Fürst von Bismarck, a former diplomat at Germany's embassy to the UK in London until a feud with [[Third Reich]] foreign secretary [[Joachim von Ribbentrop]]. Count Gottfried is the great-great-grandson of ''the famous'' Chancellor [[Otto von Bismarck]]. Count Gottfried's [[Gottfried Graf von Bismarck-Schönhausen|great-uncle and namesake]] was a Nazi official who allegedly became part of the famous plot to assassinate [[Adolf Hitler]]. His younger sister is an American public relations agent, Vanessa von Bismarck, who was born on [[26 March]] [[1971]] in [[Hamburg, Germany]], his older brother [[Carl-Eduard von Bismarck|Carl-Eduard]] "Calle" is German MP and will become future chief of the house.<ref>Bruin, Hein: [http://www.angelfire.com/in/heinbruins/Bismarck.html Bismarck Genealogy source]</ref><ref name="worldroots"/>
 
== Titles and Style ==
==Sub-disciplines of civil engineering==
===General civil engineering===
General civil engineering is concerned with the overall interface of fixed projects with the greater world. General civil engineers work closely with surveyors and specialized civil engineers to fit and serve fixed projects within their given site, community and terrain by designing grading, drainage (flood control), paving, water supply, sewer service, electric and communications supply and land (real property) divisions. General engineers spend much of their time visiting project sites, developing community/neighborhood consensus, and preparing construction plans.
 
The branch of the Bismarck family that derives from the former German Chancellor holds supplementary surnames (formerly titles) of Count/Countess with the head of the family being addressed [[Fürst]], frequently but incorrectly translated to Prince and styled as [[Durchlaucht]]. When [[Otto von Bismarck]] resigned as German [[Chancellor#Germany|Chancellor]], he was presented the additional title of [[Duke]] of Lauenburg. This particular branch of the Bismarck clan is surnamed Bismarck-Schönhausen, however the media tend to shorten this to simply ''Bismarck'', without any distinction from other branches.
===Structural engineering===
''Main article: [[Structural engineering]]''
 
== Early life and education ==
Structural engineering is concerned with the design of [[bridge]]s, buildings, offshore [[oil platform]]s, [[dam]]s etc. [[Structural design]] and [[structural analysis]] are components of structural engineering and a key component in the structural design process. This involves computing the stresses and forces at work within a structure. There are some structural engineers who work in non-typical areas, designing aircraft, spacecraft and even biomedical devices. Major design concerns are building seismic resistant structures and [[seismic retrofit|seismically retrofitting]] existing structures
 
Count Gottfried grew up primarily in his family's ancestral estate near [[Hamburg]]. He attended school in [[Germany]] and [[Switzerland]] and had a brief internship at the [[New York Stock Exchange]] before enrolling at [[Christ Church College]], [[Oxford University]], where he studied [[Philosophy, Politics and Economics|PPE]] (eventually gaining a third class honours degree<ref>[http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/main.jhtml?xml=/news/2007/07/04/db0402.xml Daily Telegraph Obituary]</ref>), and was a member of the [[Piers Gaveston Society]] and the [[Bullingdon Club]]<ref>[http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/main.jhtml?xml=/news/2007/07/04/db0402.xml Daily Telegraph Obituary]</ref>, alongside friends like [[Darius Guppy]]. Confessing that he did not enjoy the typical social life in Oxford, he and his friends would escape to the more wild, fashionable parties in [[London]] on the weekends or whenever possible. He reportedly drank heavily at night and took [[amphetamines]] by day to concentrate on his studies.<ref name="Times">(27 August 2006) "The Curse of the Count" [http://www.timesonline.co.uk/article/0,,2087-2330658,00.html Sunday Times]</ref>
===Geotechnical engineering===
''Main article: [[Geotechnical engineering]]''
 
== Tragedy at Oxford ==
The main subject of the studies also known as [[soil mechanics]] is concerned with soil properties, mechanics of soil particles, compression and swelling of soils, seepage, slopes, retaining walls, foundations, footings, ground and rock anchors, use of synthetic tensile materials in soil structures, soil-structure interaction and soil dynamics. Geotechnical engineering covers this field of studies for application in engineering.
The tragic death of heiress Olivia Channon (in the count's room) would disrupt his life totally.<ref name="Times"/> Olivia was the daughter of [[Paul Channon]] and granddaughter of the famous diarist [[Chips Channon]]. She was found dead from a [[heroin]] overdose in the count's rooms at Christ Church in 1986. The count was charged with drug possession. He was fined 80 [[GBP]] but the shadow of Olivia's death would always haunt him. He was said to "cry like a baby" at her funeral.<ref name="Times"/> His father, Prince Ferdinand, recalled him to Germany for treatment at a private clinic, it was said he left Oxford so quickly that a family servant had to settle his bills with public houses, tailors and restaurants<ref>[http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/main.jhtml?xml=/news/2007/07/04/db0402.xml Daily Telegraph Obituary]</ref>.
 
== Career ==
The importance of geotechnical engineering can hardly be overstated: buildings must be supported by reliable foundations. Dam design and construction reducing flooding of lower drainage areas is an important subject of geotechnical engineering.
 
Subsequent to his finishing his studies at a German university, where he wrote a doctoral thesis on the [[East Germany|East German]] telephone system <ref>[http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/main.jhtml?xml=/news/2007/07/04/db0402.xml Daily Telegraph Obituary]</ref>, he visited the family estate at Schönhausen, that was lost under communist ruling in East Germany. This was a powerful personal experience for him facing the course of history. Later, after having spent some time in Los Angeles, he went to work as a business executive for Telemonde (owned by [[Kevin Maxwell]]) trying to raise capital from the stock-market, but the company went [[bankrupt]] and collapsed by [[2002]]. He returned to London soon after and became a promoter of holidays in [[Uzbekistan]]. He was employed by AIM Partners at the time of his death<ref>[http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/main.jhtml?xml=/news/2007/07/04/db0402.xml Daily Telegraph Obituary]</ref>.
===Transportation engineering===
''Main article: [[Transportation engineering]]''
 
== Later life ==
Transportation engineering is primarily concerned with [[road transport|motorized road transportation]], especially in North America. This includes areas such as [[queueing theory]] and traffic flow planning, roadway geometric design and driver behavior patterns. Simulation of traffic operation is performed through use of trip generation, traffic assignment algorithms which can be highly complex computational problems. Other, more specialized areas of transportation engineering are concerned with the designs of non-road transportation facilities, such as [[rail transport|rail systems]], [[airport]]s, and [[port]]s.
 
In August 2006, Anthony Casey, 41, fell the 60 feet from the count's [[Chelsea, London|Chelsea]] flat and died. The count was not arrested and the police said there were no drugs found in his flat. Nevertheless, this incident re-awakened the so-called "curse" from the past, and triggered speculation from the [[tabloid]] press. Stories included an article from London's [[Daily Mail]] that claims the incident was fueled by a [[cocaine]]-fueled [[homosexuality|homosexual]] [[orgy]] involving several individuals.<ref>[http://www.dailymail.co.uk/pages/live/articles/news/news.html?in_article_id=408751&in_page_id=1770 Daily Mail, 5 October 2005]</ref> The [[coroner]]'s report had found no [[alcohol]] levels in Casey's body, but did discover a significant amount of [[cocaine]]. The accusation of a 'gay orgy' was officially denied by Count Gottfried, though the coroner, Dr. Paul Knapman, told [[The Guardian]] that a great deal of sexual [[paraphernalia]] was discovered in the flat, including sex toys, lubricant, and a rubber [[tarpaulin]].<ref>Attewill, Fred (6 October 2006) "Fatal fall after 'gay orgy' was misadventure." [http://www.guardian.co.uk/drugs/Story/0,,1888777,00.html The Guardian]</ref> "In common parlance, in the early hours of the morning, there was a gay orgy going on," Dr. Knapman told the newspaper "Nevertheless, this was conducted by consenting males in private."
===Environmental engineering===
''Main article: [[Environmental engineering]]''
 
==Death==
Environmental engineering deals with the treatment of chemical, biological, and/or thermal waste, the purification of water and air, and the [[remediation]] of contaminated sites, due to prior waste disposal or accidental contamination. Among the topics covered by environmental engineering are [[water purification]], [[sewage treatment]], and [[hazardous waste]] management. Environmental engineering is related to the fields of [[hydrology]], [[geohydrology]] and [[meteorology]] insofar as knowledge of [[groundwater|(ground)water]] and flows are required to understand pollutant transport. Environmental engineers are also involved in pollution reduction, [[green engineering]] and [[industrial ecology]]. Environmental engineering also deals with the gathering of information on the environmental consequences of proposed actions and the assessment of effects of proposed actions for the purpose of assisting society and policy makers in the decision making process.
On [[1 July]] [[2007]] Count Gottfried von Bismarck was found dead in the £5 million Chelsea flat that he was in the process of selling, surrounded by drug paraphernalia. The suspected cause of death is heroin overdose.
 
==External links==
Environmental engineering is the contemporary term for [[Sanitary engineering]]. Some other terms in use are [[public health engineering]] and [[environmental health engineering]].
*[http://worldofwonder.net/image1/bismarck240806228x499-1.jpg A photograph of Count Gottfried]
 
== Footnotes ==
===Hydraulic engineering===
<references/>
''Main article: [[Hydraulic engineering]]''
 
Hydraulic engineering is concerned with the flow and conveyance of fluids, principally water. This area of engineering is intimately related to the design of bridges, dams, channels, canals, and levees, and to both sanitary and environmental engineering.
 
===Construction engineering===
''Main article: [[Construction engineering]]''
 
Construction engineering involves planning and execution of the designs from transportation, site development, hydraulic, environmental, structural and geotechnical engineers.
 
===Material science===
''Main article: [[Material science]]''
 
Civil engineering also includes [[material science]].
Engineering materials include concrete, steel and recently, polymers and ceramics with potential engineering application.
 
===Surveying===
''Main article: [[Surveying]]''
 
Elements of a building or structure must be correctly sized and positioned in relation to each other and to site boundaries and adjacent structures. This is accomplished using surveying techniques.
 
==Careers==
A popular misconception is that civil engineering is far from the exciting frontiers in [[mathematics]] and [[computer science]]. In actuality, much of what is now [[computer science]] was driven by work in civil engineering, where structural and network analysis problems required parallel computations and development of advanced algorithms.
 
There are also civil engineers who work in the area of [[safety engineering]], applying [[Monte Carlo method|probabilistic methods]] to structural design, safety analysis and even estimates of insurance losses due to natural and man-made hazards.
 
==Education and Licensure==
Prior to becoming a practicing engineer, civil engineers generally complete tertiary (college or higher) educational requirements, followed by several years of practical experience. Each country, state, or province individually regulates civil engineering practice:
 
In the U.S., one must become a licensed [[Professional Engineer]] to do any civil engineering work affecting the public or to legally represent oneself as a civil engineer. Licensure requirements vary slightly by state, but in all cases entail passing two licensure exams, the [[Fundamentals of Engineering exam]] and the Principles and Practice exam (commonly called the PE), and completing a state-mandated number of years of work under the supervision of a licensed Professional Engineer. In addition, an educational requirement must often be met. All states accept a four year [[Bachelor of Science]] (BS) or [[Bachelor of Engineering]] (BEng) degree in Civil Engineering, from an [http://www.abet.org ABET]-accredited program, for their educational requirement. The acceptability of degrees in other fields varies by state; some states allow a person to substitute additional years of supervised work experience for the degree requirement. Although the [[American Society of Civil Engineers]] encourages states to raise the educational requirement to a graduate degree, advanced degrees are currently optional for civil engineers in the United States. Graduate study may lead either to a [[Master of Engineering]], which is a [[Professional Master's degree]], or to a [[Master of Science]] degree followed by a [[PhD]] in civil engineering or a sub-discipline.
 
In the [[United Kingdom]] current graduates require a MSc or MEng in order to become chartered through the [[Institution of Civil Engineers]]. This is relaxed to a BSc or BEng for those who entered University prior to the current rules coming into force. The Institution also allows entrants with substantial experience to apply without this level of formal academic achievement. In practice many, if not most, Civil Engineers in the UK work without chartered status.
 
In Australia and New Zealand, this is typically a four year [[Bachelor of Engineering]] (BE) degree which includes 12 weeks of work experience.
In [[Denmark]], a Civil Engineer takes 5 years to complete, whereof the first 3 years is aimed at completing a Bachelor degree, and the following two years, in follwing up with what is roughly the equivalent of a [[Master's degree]], in Denmark called a candidate degree. The only two places in Denmark to complete the Civil Engineer education, is at [[DTU]] and [[University of Aalborg]].
 
"International Engineering Agreements" can be found at [http://www.ieagreements.com/ http://www.ieagreements.com/]. These agreements are designed to allow engineers to practice across international borders. In general, these agreements require both educational competencies and professional experiential competencies.
 
== See also ==
* [[Gottfried Graf von Bismarck-Schönhausen]]
* [[Otto von Bismarck]]
* [[Mona von Bismarck]]
* [[Carl-Eduard von Bismarck]]
* [[Piers Gaveston Society]]
 
[[Category:1962 births|Gottfried von Bismarck, Count]]
* [[American Society of Civil Engineers]]
[[Category:2007 deaths|Gottfried von Bismarck, Count]]
* [[Civil engineer]]
[[Category:Bismarck family|Gottfried von Bismarck, Count]]
* [[Institution of Civil Engineers]]
[[Category:Counts of Germany|Gottfried von Bismarck, Count]]
* [[List of civil engineers]]
[[Category:German nobility|Gottfried von Bismarck, Count]]
* [[List of historic civil engineering landmarks]]
* [[Landscape Architecture]]
 
 
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