Deathrock and Iron Man (2008 film): Difference between pages

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{{otheruses4|the upcoming live action film|2007 animated film|The Invincible Iron Man (film)}}

{{genrebox|name=Deathrock

{{future film}}

|color=crimson

{{Infobox Film

|bgcolor=white

| name = Iron Man

|stylistic_origins=[[Punk rock]], [[Post-Punk]], [[Glam Rock]], [[Hard Rock]], [[Horror film scores]],

| image = Iron Man teaser poster.jpg

|cultural_origins=Late [[1970s]], [[United States]], [[United Kingdom]], [[Australia]], [[Ireland]], [[Germany]]

| caption = ''Iron Man'' teaser poster

|instruments=[[Vocals]], [[Guitar]], [[Bass guitar|Bass]], [[Drums]], [[musical keyboard|Keyboard]]

| director = [[Jon Favreau]]

|popularity=Generally low although in the 1980s a few bands closely identified with deathrock music did have top 40 hits.

| producer = [[Avi Arad]]<br />Kevin Feige

|derivatives= [[Dark cabaret]]

| eproducer = Avi Arad<br />Jon Favreau<br />[[Louis D'Esposito]]

|subgenrelist=List of musical punk genres

| aproducer =

|subgenres=None

| writer = '''Comic Book:'''<br />[[Stan Lee]]<br />[[Jack Kirby]]<br />'''Screenplay:'''<br />Arthur Marcum<br />Matthew Hollaway<br />Mark Fergus<br />Hawk Ostby

|fusiongenres=

| starring = [[Robert Downey Jr.]]<br />[[Terrence Howard]]<br />[[Gwyneth Paltrow]]</br>[[Jeff Bridges]]

|regional_scenes=

| music =

|other_topics=[[List of classic deathrock bands|Classic Deathrock Bands (through 1990)]] - [[List of modern deathrock bands|Modern Deathrock Bands (1990-present)]]

| cinematography = [[Matthew Libatique]]

| editing =

| distributor = [[Paramount Pictures]]

| released = [[May 2]], [[2008]]

| runtime =

| country = {{USA}}

| website = http://www.ironmanmovie.com/

| language = [[English language|English]]

| budget = $135 million<ref>{{cite news | author=Sharon Waxman | url=http://www.nytimes.com/2007/06/18/business/media/18marvel.html?ex=1182830400&en=b0bf66863bc1cc2f&ei=5065&partner=MYWAY | title=Marvel Wants to Flex Its Own Heroic Muscles as a Moviemaker | publisher=[[New York Times]] | date=[[2007-06-18]] | accessdate=2007-06-18 }}</ref>

| gross =

| preceded_by =

| followed_by =

| amg_id = 1:353425

| imdb_id = 0371746

}}

'''Deathrock''' (also spelled '''death rock''') is a term used to identify a [[subgenre]] of [[punk rock]], which incorporated elements of horror and first emerged most prominently in the [[West Coast of the United States]] during the late [[1970s]] and early [[1980s]].

'''''Iron Man''''' is a [[2008 in film|2008]] [[superhero film]] based on the fictional [[Marvel Comics]] character [[Iron Man]]. The film is directed by [[Jon Favreau]] and stars [[Robert Downey Jr.]] as Iron Man. The film is slated for a [[May 2]], [[2008]] release.

The music of "modern" (post-1990) deathrock bands have a stronger [[post-punk]] influence than the earlier deathrock bands. Additionally, the term "deathrock" can be used as a synonym for first generation [[gothic rock]], In the US. In the UK the terms were not interchangable. Most of the the early UK bands considered themselves to be punk, or Goth, not Deathrock -which at the time was an american based movement.

==CharacteristicsPremise==

[[Image:Forging Iron Man.jpg|thumb|200px|left|Stark builds his armor]]

Deathrock emphasizes a [[creepy]] atmosphere and an introspective mood within a punk or post-punk [[musical structure]]. Deathrock songs use simple chords, echoing guitars, a prominent [[Bass guitar|bass]], and drumming which emphasizes repetitive, tribal beats within a [[4/4]] time signature. To create atmosphere, scratchy guitars, keyboards, and experimentation with other instruments are sometimes used. Lyrics can vary, but are typically introspective, surreal, and deal with the dark themes of isolation, disillusionment, loss, life, death, etc.

Tony Stark develops the three stages of the Iron Man armor, starting with "clunky, low-tech... diving bell armor" that he is forced to build in [[Afghanistan]] after being captured.<ref name="ultimate preview">{{cite news | title=Ultimate Superhero Preview | publisher=[[Empire (magazine)|Empire]] | pages=90, 230 | date=[[2006-09-29]] | accessdate=2006-09-29 }}</ref> Stark eventually updates the armor to a flying suit with the red and gold scheme and finally attains a "weapons platform" stage with the armor.Then He decides to get drunk.<ref>{{cite news | first=Karl | last=Schneider | url=http://cinescape.com/0/editorial.asp?aff_id=0&this_cat=Movies&action=page&type_id=&cat_id=270338&obj_id=51794 | title=Mandarin is villain in Iron Man | date=[[2006-07-24]] | author=Karl Schneider | publisher=Cinescape | accessdate=2006-07-28 }}</ref> Stark faces the villain [[Mandarin (comics)|The Mandarin]].<ref>{{cite news | url=http://joblo.com/index.php?id=12175 | title=CON: Iron Man scoop | publisher=[[JoBlo.com]] | date=[[2006-07-22]] | accessdate=2006-07-23}}</ref>

==Cast==

However, the frequently simple song structures, heavy atmosphere and rhythmic music place a great demand on the lead vocalist <ref>[http://www.starvox.net/crypt/3april2.htm StarVox.net]</ref> to convey complex emotions, so deathrock singers typically have strong, distinctive voices and a strong stage presence.

*'''[[Richard Q. Nixson]]'''<!-- Do not add a comma to his name, as per his own press, there is no comma.--> as '''[[Iron Man|Tony Stark / Iron Man]]''': A billionaire who develops the ultimate technological suit.

*'''[[Terrence Howard]]''' as '''[[War Machine|James Rhodes]]''': A pilot and friend of Stark. Rhodes meets Stark after Iron Man saves his life when a plane crash leaves him stranded behind enemy lines.<ref>{{cite news | author = Shawn Adler | title = Terrence Howard Reveals Power-Thirsty Side Of Iron Man's Sidekick *'''[[Samuel L. Jackson]]''' Nick Fury | publisher = [[VH1]] | date=[[2007-03-01]] | url = http://www.vh1.com/movies/news/articles/1553673/20070301/story.jhtml?rsspartner=rssyahoo | accessdate=2007-03-02}}</ref> He is the liaison between Stark's Enterprises and the military in the department of acquisitions.<ref>{{cite news | author=Heather Newgen | url=http://www.comingsoon.net/news/movienews.php?id=19164 | title= Terrence Howard on ''Iron Man'' | publisher=ComingSoon.net | date=[[2007-03-02]] | accessdate=2007-03-17}}</ref>

*'''[[Gwyneth Paltrow]]''' as '''[[Pepper Potts|Virginia "Pepper" Potts]]''': Stark's personal secretary.<ref>{{Cite news | url=http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/hr/content_display/film/news/e3ica23d1ee9d4a1835f26ccab9850b58c2 | title=Paltrow is 'Iron' clad for Marvel | publisher=[[The Hollywood Reporter]] | date=[[2007-01-17]] | accessdate=2007-01-17 }}</ref>

*'''[[Jeff Bridges]]''' as '''[[Iron Monger|Obadiah Stane]]''': Tony Stark's mentor.<ref>{{cite news | author=Stax | url=http://uk.movies.ign.com/articles/771/771762p1.html| title=Bridges' Iron Man Role | publisher=[[IGN]] | date=[[2007-03-09]] | accessdate=2007-03-09}}</ref>

*'''[[Shaun Toub]]''' as '''Yin Sen'''.<ref>{{cite news | title = Iron Man Correction | publisher = [[Empire (magazine)|Empire]] | date = [[2007-05-01]] | url = http://www.empireonline.com/news/story.asp?NID=20663 | accessdate=2007-05-01}}</ref>

*'''[[Leslie Bibb]]''' as a "fast-talking" reporter.<ref>{{cite news | author=Tatiana Siegel | url=http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/hr/content_display/film/news/e3ib191236ae685199e108b936aac76ff99 | title=Regency plans 'Party' for Bibb | publisher=[[The Hollywood Reporter]] | date=[[2007-04-11]] | accessdate=2007-04-11 }}</ref>

*'''[[Bill Smitrovich]]''' in an unspecified role.<ref>{{cite news|author=Stacy Dodd|title=Bill Smitrovich|publisher=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]|date=[[2007-04-11]]|url=http://www.variety.com/article/VR1117962881.html?categoryId=28&cs=1|accessdate=2007-04-12}}</ref>

<!-- DO NOT ADD SAMUEL L. JACKSON. THIS AIN'T IT COOL NEWS REPORTER COULD BE LYING. HE/SHE DOES NOT FALL UNDER RELIABLE SOURCE STANDARDS (SEE [[WP:RS]]) UNLESS JACKSON OR ANYONE A PART OF PRODUCTION SAY SO.-->

Iron Man co-creator [[Stan Lee]] will cameo, where he appears with three blonde women and is mistaken for [[Hugh Hefner]] by Tony Stark.<ref>{{cite news | author = Eric Goldman | title = Stan Lee's Further Superhero Adventures | publisher = [[IGN]] | date = [[2007-05-04]] | url = http://uk.tv.ign.com/articles/785/785824p3.html | accessdate=2007-05-14}}</ref>

===Horror punk and Psychobilly relation===

:''See also; [[Horror punk]] and [[Psychobilly]]''

The punk subgenres most closely related to deathrock are [[horror punk]] and [[psychobilly]]. While deathrock is a fusion of punk, post-punk and horror, horror punk is a fusion of punk, [[doo-wop]], and horror, and psychobilly is a fusion of punk, [[rockabilly]] and horror. Because of the strong influence of horror on these three subgenres, considerable overlapping exists.

==Production==

Generally speaking, horror punk sounds louder and faster than deathrock. Conversely, deathrock sounds more introspective and romantic than horror punk. Keyboards are another differentiating point: deathrock bands frequently use keyboards for atmosphere, whereas horror punk and psychobilly bands usually do not. Psychobilly, however, is easier to distinguish from horror punk and deathrock because psychobilly bands normally use an upright bass <ref>[http://www.epitaph.com/news/news/2429 Epitaph.com]</ref>, whereas horror punk and deathrock bands do not.

===Development===

In April 1990, [[Universal Pictures]] bought the rights to develop ''Iron Man'' for the big screen.<ref>{{cite news | author=James Ryan | url= | title=Bam! Pow! Heroes take over the silver screen | publisher=[[Seattle Post-Intelligencer]] | date=[[1990-04-14]] | accessdate=2006-12-29 }}</ref> By February 1996, [[Twentieth Century Fox]] acquired the rights from Universal.<ref>{{cite news | author=Andrew Smith | title=Gen X kids not bad on screen | publisher=[[The Commercial Appeal]] | date=[[1996-02-18]] | accessdate=2006-12-29 }}</ref> In January 1997, actor [[Nicolas Cage]] expressed interest in being cast for the lead role,<ref>{{cite news | author= | title=Film Clips Column | publisher=[[Journal Gazette]] | date=[[1997-01-03]] | accessdate=2006-12-26 }}</ref> and in September 1998, actor [[Tom Cruise]] had expressed interest in producing as well as starring in the film debut of Iron Man.<ref>{{cite news | author=Bill Radford | title=Big screen gaining new ground as venue for comics creations | publisher=[[The Gazette (Colorado Springs)|The Gazette]] | date=[[1998-09-06]] | accessdate=2006-12-29 }}</ref> Director [[Quentin Tarantino]] was approached in October 1999 to write and direct ''Iron Man''.<ref>{{cite news | author=Jeff Vice | title=Comic books poised for film incarnations | publisher=[[Deseret Morning News]] | date=[[1999-10-03]] | accessdate=2006-12-29 }}</ref> With no deal made, Fox eventually sold the rights to [[New Line Cinema]] the following December.<ref>{{cite news | author=Andrew Smith | title=Superheroes lining up for millennium movie debuts | publisher=[[The Commercial Appeal]] | date=[[1999-12-26]] | accessdate=2006-12-29 }}</ref> By July 2000, the film was being written for the studio<ref>{{cite news | author=Warren Epstein | title=X-guys could muscle up more Marvelous screen fare | publisher=[[The Gazette (Colorado Springs)|The Gazette]] | date=[[2000-07-09]] | accessdate=2006-12-29 }}</ref> by screenwriter [[Tim McCanlies]].<ref>{{cite news | author=Rodney Richey | title=Warner Bros. goes 'Bat' to the Future | publisher=[[Los Angeles Daily News]] | date=[[2000-09-25]] | accessdate=2006-12-29 }}</ref> New Line entered talks with [[Joss Whedon]], a fan of the character Iron Man, in June 2001 for the possibility of the director taking the helm.<ref>{{cite news | author=Robert K. Elder | title=All work and lots of slay | publisher=[[Chicago Tribune]] | date=[[2001-06-01]] | accessdate=2006-12-29 }}</ref> In December 2002, McCanlies had turned in a completed script.<ref>{{cite news | author=Chris Garcia | title=A firsthand look at 'Secondhand' | publisher=[[Austin American-Statesman]] | date=[[2002-12-06]] | accessdate=2006-12-29 }}</ref>

In December 2004, the studio attached director [[Nick Cassavetes]] to the project for a target 2006 release.<ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.newline.com/press/2004/1210_ironman.shtml | title=Nick Cassavetes to Direct New Line Cinema and Marvel's Iron Man | publisher=[[New Line Cinema]] | date=[[2004-12-10]] | accessdate=2006-07-28 }}</ref> After two years of unsuccessful development, and the deal with director Cassavetes falling through, New Line Cinema returned the film rights to Marvel. Screenplay drafts had been written by [[Alfred Gough]], [[Miles Millar]] and [[David Hayter]], but they were not retained. In November 2005, Marvel worked to start development from scratch.<ref>{{ cite news | first=Ben | last=Fritz | url=http://www.variety.com/article/VR1117932184?categoryid=1236&cs=1 | title=Marvel steels itself for 'Iron' | publisher=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]] | date=[[2005-11-02]] | accessdate=2006-07-28}}</ref>

Despite the similar sounding names deathrock (which is a subgenre of punk) has no connection to the similarly named [[death metal]], which is a subgenre of [[heavy metal]]. Deathrock is also not related to any other music genre with "death" in its name.

On [[April 28]], [[2006]], [[Avi Arad]], chairman of Marvel Studios, announced that Jon Favreau would be directing ''Iron Man'', with [[Paramount Pictures]] distributing. Favreau found an opportunity to create a politically ambitious "ultimate spy movie", with influences from [[Tom Clancy]], [[James Bond]] and [[RoboCop]].<ref name="ultimate preview" /> Filming began in March 2007<ref>{{cite news | last = Faraci | first = Devin | title = EIGHT WEEKS TO IRON MAN | publisher = CHUD | date = [[2007-01-18]] | url = http://www.chud.com/index.php?type=news&id=8555 | accessdate = 2007-01-21}}</ref> for May 2, 2008 release.<ref>{{cite news | url=http://film.guardian.co.uk/news/story/0,,1889313,00.html | title=Marvel Studios seals iron-clad deal | publisher=[[Guardian Unlimited]] | date=[[2006-10-06]] | accessdate=2006-10-06 }}</ref> Favreau created a [[MySpace]] group for the purpose of keeping ''Iron Man'' fans informed. The director said on his blog, "The internet is full of faulty info. I wanted to have at least one place where the facts would be correct."

==History==

===Etymology===

The term "deathrock" was first used in the [[1950s]] to describe an unrelated [[genre]] of [[rock and roll]] called "death rock" which began in 1958 with Jody Reynold's "''Endless Sleep''" <ref>[http://www.mmguide.musicmatch.com/artist/artist.cgi?ARTISTID=388439 MMGuide.com]</ref> and ending in 1964 with J. Frank Wilson's "''Last Kiss''" <ref>[http://www.oldies.com/artist-view/J-Frank-Wilson.html Oldies.com]</ref>. These songs about dead teenagers were noted for their morbid yet romantic view of death, spoken word bridges, and sound effects. [[The Shangri-Las]]' "''Leader Of The Pack''" is arguably the best known example of the 50s/60s use of the term. <ref>[http://www.classicbands.com/shangrilas.html ClassicBands]</ref>.

===Casting===

The term deathrock re-emerged 15 years later in [[1979]] to describe the sound of various West Coast punk bands which would later become associated with the deathrock scene and most likely came from one of three sources; [[Rozz Williams]], the founding member of [[Christian Death]], to describe the sound of his band <ref>[http://www.starvox.net/crypt/dr/germany2.htm Starvox.net]</ref>. Or the less popular theory; [[Nick Zedd]]'s 1979 film "They Eat Scum", which featured a fictitious cannibalistic "death rock" punk band called "Suzy Putrid and the Mental Deficients"<ref>[http://mysite.verizon.net/holyokeresearcher/ZEDD.html Verizon.net]</ref>.

{| class="toccolours" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 2em; font-size: 85%; background:#c6dbf7; color:black; width:30em; max-width: 40%;" cellspacing="5"

| style="text-align: left;" | "Stan Lee created the character on a dare to see if he could make a wealthy, establishment, weapons manufacturing, hard drinking, womanising prick into someone who is likeable and a hero."

|-

| style="text-align: left;" | — Richard nixson. on Tony Stark<ref name="time out">{{cite news | author = Jordan Riefe | title = Star Signs | publisher = [[Time Out]] | date = [[2007-05-14]] | url = http://www.timeoutabudhabi.com/thismonth/feature.php?id=377 | accessdate = 2007-05-14}}</ref>

|}

Originally director Jon Favreau had stated his intent to cast a newcomer in the role of Anthony Stark, the man who designs the body armor and wears it to become Iron Man.<ref name="unknown im">{{cite news | last = Stax | title = The Unknown Iron Man | publisher = IGN | date = 2006-05-24 | url = http://uk.movies.ign.com/articles/709/709941p1.html | accessdate = 2006-12-06}}</ref> On [[September 28]], [[2006]], [[Robert Downey Jr.]] was cast as Iron Man.<ref>{{cite news | author=[[Drew McWeeny]] | url=http://www.aintitcool.com/node/30225 | title=AICN EXCLUSIVE!! IRON MAN Has Found Its Tony Stark!! | publisher=[[Ain't It Cool News]] | date=[[2006-09-28]] | accessdate=2006-09-28 }}</ref> Downey was a big fan of the comic book.<ref name="time out"/>

Iron Man's nemesis [[Mandarin (comics)|The Mandarin]] is yet to be cast. After announcing the film's main villain, the [[Mandarin (comics)|Mandarin]], at [[Comic-Con International]] on [[July 22]], [[2006]], Favreau explained in an interview that the main villain the Mandarin would be altered for the big screen, as the comics' Mandarin did not fit what Favreau wanted to represent. Instead, the Mandarin would be more realistic while keeping the formidable persona that has been displayed in the comics.<ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.comics2film.com/StoryFrame.php?f_id=21118 | title=Exclusive: Jon Favreau forges 'Iron Man' | publisher=Comics2Film | accessdate=2006-07-28 }}</ref>

===Origins===

The earliest influences for some deathrock acts, such as [[45 Grave]] for example, can be traced to the horror themed novelty rock and roll acts of the late 1950s and early 1960s such as [[Bobby Pickett|Bobby “Boris” Pickett]] with "''[[Monster Mash]]''", [[Screamin' Jay Hawkins]] with "''[[I Put a Spell on You]]''" and [[Screaming Lord Sutch|Screaming Lord Sutch & the Savages]] with "''Murder in the Graveyard''". These songs used sound effects <ref>[http://www.cod.edu/People/Faculty/pruter/Horror/themes.htm COD.edu]</ref> to create a creepy atmosphere, dealt with taboo subjects (such as [[cannibalism]]) in a humorous, often campy manner, and are still occasionally played at deathrock clubs <ref>[http://www.deathrock.com/ghoulschool/setlists07.02.03.html Deathrock.com]</ref>.

[[Jeff Bridges]] prepared for his role as Obadiah Stane by shaving his head bald and growing a silver goatee.<ref>{{cite news | author=Mike Szymanski | url=http://www.scifi.com/scifiwire/index.php?id=40455 | title=Bridges Is Iron Man's Stane | publisher=[[Sci Fi Wire]] | date=[[2007-03-09]] | accessdate=2007-03-22 }}</ref> In addition, [[Terrence Howard]] visited [[Nellis Air Force Base]] on [[March 16]], [[2007]], where he observed [[HH-60 Pave Hawk]] rescue helicopters and [[F-22 Raptor]]s and ate with the base's airmen.<ref>{{cite news | author=Bruce Rolfsen | url=http://www.airforcetimes.com/news/2007/03/airforce_ironman_070321w/ | title=‘Iron Man’ pilot to hit big screen | publisher=[[Air Force Times]] | date=[[2007-03-21]] | accessdate=2007-03-22 }}</ref> [[Gwyneth Paltrow]] went to the source material, reading many comic books lent by her husband, [[Chris Martin]].<ref>{{cite news|author=Maira Oliveira|title=Gwyneth Paltrow Returns To Big Screen In "Iron Man"|publisher=AHN|date=[[2007-03-15]]|url=http://www.allheadlinenews.com/articles/7006750219|accessdate=2007-05-14}}</ref>

This horror influence on rock music continued into the 1970s with theatrical hard rockers [[Alice Cooper]] <ref>[http://www.canada.com/topics/entertainment/music/story.html?id=f4bfbd42-008d-4e5f-983c-17f7a092f98a&k=71594 Canada.com]</ref> and [[KISS (band)|KISS]]. Rozz Williams has specifically credited the [[1970s]] output of both [[Alice Cooper]] and [[KISS (band)|KISS]] as childhood influences <ref>[http://thebluehour.free.fr/rozzarticles-cnoctem.htm TheBlueHour.fr]</ref>, [[45 Grave]] also covered Alice Cooper's "''[[School's Out (song)|School's Out]]''" on their debut full length album.

===Filming===

Other rock and [[glam rock]] bands who influenced many early deathrock artists include [[The Doors]], [[David Bowie]], [[The Velvet Underground]], [[The Stooges|Iggy Pop and the Stooges]], [[the Cramps]], [[T.Rex (band)|T. Rex]], [[New York Dolls]], [[the Damned]], [[MC5]], [[Richard Hell and the Voidoids]], etc. Most of these artists explored darker themes, sometimes incorporated horror-themed visuals into their shows, or had their music used in horror movie soundtracks. (For a more complete listing of influential artists, see [[List of forerunners of punk music|Punk Forerunners]] and [[Gothic_rock#Musical_predecessors_.281960s.E2.80.931970s_or_Earlier.29|Gothic Rock predecessors]].)

Filming began on [[March 12]] [[2007]].<ref>{{cite news | author=Marvel Entertainment | title= Funding Initiated for Iron Man Movie | publisher=Superherohype.com |date=[[2007-02-28]] | url=http://www.superherohype.com/news.php?id=5265|accessdate=2007-02-28}}</ref> Downey said that the film will be shot entirely in California,<ref>{{cite news | author = Kevin West | title = Mr. Clean | publisher = Style | url = http://www.style.com/w/feat_story/020207/full_page.html | accessdate = 2007-02-09}}</ref> including the [[Playa Vista]] in the former [[Howard Hughes|Hughes Company]] soundstages.<ref>{{cite news | author = Scott Raab | title = May God Bless and Keep Robert Downey Jr. | publisher = Esquire | date=[[2007-02-21]] | url = http://www.esquire.com/features/ESQ0307downeyjr | accessdate=2007-02-23}}</ref> The first few weeks were spent on Stark's captivity in Afghanistan.<ref>{{cite news|author=Jon Favreau|title=Jon Favreau on Iron Man filming|publisher=Superherohype.com|date=[[2007-03-19]]|url=http://www.superherohype.com/news.php?id=5362|accessdate=2007-03-19}}</ref> Filming at [[Edwards Air Force Base]] began in mid-April,<ref>{{cite news | author= | url=http://www.edwards.af.mil/news/story.asp?id=123047810 | title=Flying with the stars | publisher=[[Edwards Air Force Base]] | date=[[2007-04-06]] | accessdate=2007-04-16 }}</ref> and was completed by May 2.<ref>{{cite news | author = Donna Miles | title = Edwards team stars in 'Iron Man' superhero movie | publisher = Air Force Link | date = [[2007-05-02]] | url = http://www.af.mil/news/story.asp?id=123051647 | accessdate=2007-05-14}}</ref> Filming concluded on [[June 25]] [[2007]] at [[Caesars Palace]] in [[Las Vegas, Nevada]].<ref>{{cite news | author = [[Jon Favreau]] | title = Iron Man Movie Update! | publisher = Comingsoon.net | date = [[2007-06-25]] | url = http://www.superherohype.com/news/topnews.php?id=5916 | accessdate=2007-06-26}}</ref>

===Special effects===

Horror movies also directly influenced deathrock artists. According to [[Dinah Cancer]], Italian horror movies were a large influence on [[45 Grave]]'s visual style <ref>[http://www.deathrock.it/content/view/12/10/lang,en_GB/ Deathrock.it]</ref>. Zombie movies influenced many deathrock artists, especially [[George Romero]]'s ''[[Night of the Living Dead]]'' (1968) and its sequels. John Russo's ''[[Return of the Living Dead]]'' (1985) which featured [[Linnea Quigley]] and a mostly punk soundtrack<ref>[http://www.amazon.com/Best-of-the-walking-dead/lm/1IC4IXII3SKT9 Amazon.com]</ref> influenced later deathrock bands. Horror-themed TV shows, such as ''[[The Addams Family]]'', ''[[The Munsters]]'', ''[[The Twilight Zone]]'', ''[[Dark Shadows]]'', etc., also provided some visual influence, as did spookily-clad horror movie hosts on TV such as [[Vampira]] <ref>[http://partigirl.www1.50megs.com/VAMPIRA.html PartiGirl.com]</ref> in Los Angeles, [[John Zacherle]] in Philadelphia and New York, [[Elvira]] in Los Angeles (then later nationally), and [[Ghoulardi]] <ref>[http://www.emplive.org/visit/education/popConfBio.asp?xPopConfBioID=543&year=2005 EmpLive.org]</ref> in Cleveland.

Iron Man [[Comic book creator|comic book artist]] [[Adi Granov]] created the suit design with Phil Saunders,<ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.superherohype.com/news/topnews.php?id=5626 | title=Who Designed the Iron Man Suit? | publisher=Comingsoon.net | date = [[2007-05-06]] | accessdate=2007-05-06 }}</ref> which was built by [[Stan Winston Studios]].<ref>{{cite news | last = Stax | title = Iron Man's Armor: Who is building the suit? | publisher = IGN | date = [[2007-01-16]] | url = http://uk.movies.ign.com/articles/755/755672p1.html | accessdate = 2007-01-17}}</ref> Armor designs by graphic artist Brandon Perlow were considered by ''Iron Man'''s visual effects supervisor John Nelson but were later rejected.<ref>{{cite news | first=Vic | last=Holtreman | url=http://screenrant.com/archives/rejected-iron-man-movie-armor--1253.html | title=Rejected Iron Man Movie Armor Concepts | publisher=ScreenRant.com | date=[[2006-09-15]] | accessdate=2006-10-06 }}</ref> [[Robert Downey Jr.]] will be involved with [[motion capture]] work eight months after the completion of filming in order to realistically portray the suited Iron Man's movements.<ref>{{cite news | first=Edward | last=Douglas | url=http://superherohype.com/news/ironmannews.php?id=4879 | title= Robert Downey Jr. Talks ''Iron Man'' | publisher=SuperHeroHype.com | date=[[2006-11-07]] | accessdate=2006-11-07 }}</ref> On [[May 14]] [[2007]], [[Industrial Light & Magic]] was hired to create the visual effects, while Skywalker Sound will manage the audio production. [[EFilm]] will do color timing and mastering. <ref>{{cite news | author=Carolyn Giardina | url=http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/hr/content_display/news/e3i4d0064a82119378d127ebb7ef3ab3e5a | title=ILM ready to forge Marvel's 'Iron' | publisher=[[The Hollywood Reporter]] | date=[[2007-05-14]] | accessdate=2007-05-14}}</ref>

== Marketing ==

However, horror was not the only influence on deathrock. Film noir, surrealism, cabaret, and various religious iconography (particularly [[Roman Catholic Church|Catholicism]] and [[Voodoo]]) supplied much lyrical and visual inspiration to deathrock artists.

The ''Iron Man'' teaser poster was released at [[Comic-Con International|Comic-Con]] 2006, though Favreau said that the armor in the poster was not Iron Man's final design.<ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.superherohype.com/news/ironmannews.php?id=4557 | title=UPDATE: The ''Iron Man'' Poster From Comic-Con | publisher=SuperHeroHype.com | date=[[2006-07-24]] | accessdate=2006-07-26 }}</ref>

In November 2006, [[Sega|Sega Corporation]] secured the exclusive rights to distribute and develop products based on Marvel's Iron Man property. In the partnership, Sega will develop and distribute multi-platform video game titles based on the comic book and film iterations of the superhero.<ref>{{cite news | first=Jim | last=Cordeira | url=http://www.gaming-age.com/news/2006/11/6-10 | title=Sega and Marvel hook up for Iron Man | publisher=Gaming Age | date=[[2006-11-06]] | accessdate=2006-11-06 }}</ref> [[Hasbro]] will be handling the toy line.<ref>{{cite news|title=The Biz: Marvel Powers Up Iron Man, Incredible Hulk For 2008 |publisher=Brandweek|date=[[2007-02-26]]|url=http://www.brandweek.com/bw/magazine/columns/article_display.jsp?vnu_content_id=1003550005|accessdate=2007-02-27}}</ref>

===Emergence===

Deathrock first emerged in [[United States|America]] in the late [[1970s]] and early [[1980s]] as a darker offshoot of the pre-existing [[punk rock]] and pre-[[hardcore punk|hardcore]] LA music scene.<ref>[http://www.alicebag.com/dinahcancerinterview.html AliceBag.com]</ref>. The most active and best documented deathrock music scene was in [[Los Angeles]] which centered around the bands [[The Flesh Eaters (band)|The Flesh Eaters]] (1977), [[Kommunity FK]] (1979), [[45 Grave]] (1979), [[Christian Death]] (1979), [[Gun Club]] (1981), [[Voodoo Church]] (1982), [[Burning Image]] (1983), Super Heroines and others.

== Sequel ==

However, other western cities in the United States also had bands which would later be described as deathrock such as [[Theatre of Ice]] (1978) in [[Fallon, Nevada]] and Mighty Sphincter (1980) in [[Phoenix, Arizona]]. These early West Coast deathrock bands took the pre-existing base of punk rock and added dark yet playful themes borrowed from horror movies, film noir, surrealism, religious imagery, etc.<ref>[http://www.wweek.com/html/musicb102500.html wweek.com]</ref> A couple of bands blended hardcore punk with a gothic sound, most notably [[TSOL]] <ref>[http://www.allmusic.com/cg/amg.dll?p=amg&sql=11:1jd1vwmva9yk~T1 AllMusic.com]</ref>; and [[Burning Image]] <ref>[http://www.wildhunt.org/gothblog/2005_02_01_archive.html WildHunt.org]</ref>.

Director Jon Favreau said that the first film's plot would not deal with Tony Stark's personal problems, such as [[alcoholism]]. Favreau noted that if there were sequels, Tony Stark's personal problems would be explored.<ref name="unknown im" /> Favreau plans ''Iron Man'' to be the first in a trilogy, with all the actors signed on. In particular, [[Terrence Howard]] was cast as Jim Rhodes as Favreau felt he could also play [[War Machine]].<ref>{{cite news | author = Quint | title = Quint visits the IRON MAN production offices! Art! Favreau speaks about sequels (?!?), casting and more!!! | publisher = AICN | date = [[2007-02-09]] | url = http://www.aintitcool.com/node/31525 | accessdate = 2007-02-10}}</ref>

== References ==

These early deathrock bands were not immediately identified as part of a new subgenre of punk; they were simply considered a darker flavor of punk and were not yet considered part of a separate music movement <ref>[http://www.scathe.demon.co.uk/histgoth.htm Scathe.Demon.co.uk]</ref>. During this time, these bands would play at the same venues as punk, hardcore and [[new wave music|new wave]] bands. A similar situation arose in New York circa 1978-79, albeit on a much smaller scale, in which influential punk rock bands like [[The Cramps]] and [[Misfits]], as well as [[The Mad]] (fronted by future horror-film effects artist Screaming Mad George) had incorporated extensive horror themes into their lyrics, visuals, and stage show, though they did not use the term "deathrock" to describe themselves.

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== External links ==

===Merger===

*[http://www.ironmanmovie.com Official site]

Around the same time as deathrock was emerging as a distinctively darker subgenre of punk rock in the United States, other subgenres of punk and [[post-punk]] were developing independently in the UK <ref>[http://www.scathe.demon.co.uk/histgoth.htm Scathe.Demon.co.uk]</ref>.

*[http://groups.myspace.com/ironmanmovie Iron Man] at [[MySpace]]

*{{shh|id=ironman|title=Iron Man}}

*{{imdb title|id=0371746|title=Iron Man}}

{{Marvel comics films}}

By 1982, a wave of darker, more tribal post-punk bands had coalesced, influenced by punk rock and the first-generation post-punk bands (and specifically the noisier 1980-81 post-punks [[UK Decay]], [[Killing Joke]], and [[Theatre of Hate]]). The primary bands in this new movement were [[Sex Gang Children]] and [[Southern Death Cult]]. Along with [[Brigandage]], [[Blood and Roses]], [[Ritual]], and others, they were dubbed "''positive punk''" by the UK press to differentiate them from other bands who were attempting to fly under the punk banner, such as the [[UK 82]] and [[Oi!]] acts. These positive punk bands featured tribal drumming, high-pitched vocals, scratchy guitar, and bass as melodic lead instrument, and a visual look blending glam with Native American-influenced warpaint and spiky haircuts. Other related bands like [[Ausgang]], [[Inca Babies]], and [[Bone Orchard]] shared much of the tribal ethos and spiky look, but took more inspiration from [[The Birthday Party]].

[[Category:2008 films]]

During 1983, a related movement was brewing at a London club called the [[Batcave (London nightclub)|Batcave]] <ref>[http://www.scathe.demon.co.uk/batcave.htm Scathe.Demon.co.uk]</ref>. Initially envisioned as a venue specializing in [[glam rock]] and [[New Wave music|new wave]] musical acts, the two main bands which debuted and performed frequently at the Batcave, [[Specimen (band)|Specimen]] and [[Alien Sex Fiend]], developed their own different sounds strongly influenced by horror in British [[pop culture]], which set them apart from the rest of the glam and post-punk scenes in Britain. Also in 1983, [[The Gun Club]] toured in Europe <ref>[http://www.trakmarx.com/2005_02/09_gunclub.htm TrakMarx.com]</ref> as did [[Christian Death]] <ref>[http://www.projekt.com/projekt/product.asp?sku=TXX60016 Projekt.com]</ref> which meant the European and the American deathrock scene were now able to directly influence one another.

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By 1984, the term "''positive punk''" was outdated, and the tribal positive punk bands, the various bands from the Batcave scene, as well as the bands from [[Leeds]] (such as [[The Sisters of Mercy]] <ref>[http://www.scathe.demon.co.uk/gotbands.htm ScatheDemon.co.uk]</ref>, [[March Violets]], [[Red Lorry Yellow Lorry]], and others) some of which used drum-machines, had all come to be referred to as "''gothic''" <ref>[http://www.scathe.demon.co.uk/histgoth.htm Scathe.Demon.co.uk]</ref> or [[gothic rock]] <ref>[http://mutantnation.com/underground/goth.asp MutantNation.com]</ref>. The same year, California deathrock band [[Kommunity FK]] toured with [[Sex Gang Children]] (and the following year with [[Alien Sex Fiend]] <ref>[http://www.starvox.net/feat/kfk.htm Starvox]</ref>) which continued the trend in which American and British movements intermixed.

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===Irreconcilable differences===

[[nl:Iron Man (film)]]

While deathrock, positive punk and the Batcave bands were similar enough in sound to eventually all be filed as "''gothic''," later generations of gothic rock moved progressively away from the original sound.

[[fi:Iron Man (elokuva)]]

The mid [[1980s]] marked the second wave of gothic rock, when the sound began to shift away from its punk and post-punk roots and towards a more serious, rock-oriented approach <ref>[http://www.scathe.demon.co.uk/latehist.htm ScatheDemon.co.uk]</ref>. [[Bauhaus]] broke up, Rozz Williams left [[Christian Death]], and The Sisters of Mercy became the dominant and most influential gothic act. The term "gothic rock" became preferred over "deathrock" (previously, they had been used interchangeably), a change which Rozz Williams attributed to the influence of the [[The Sisters of Mercy]]<ref>[http://www.darkwaver.com/subculture/articles/undead.php DarkWaver.com]</ref>. As a result, the term "deathrock" was seldom used except in retrospective reference to the Los Angeles bands [[45 Grave]] and Christian Death.

By the time the [[1990s]] hit, in [[California]] a band named [[London After Midnight (band)|London After Midnight]] fronted by Sean Brennan emerged, playing a deathrock related style and even headlining over the band [[Shadow Project]]. But after some serious threats, fighting and other such activity with deathrock scenesters (such as [[Faith and the Muse]] and ''Ghastly Magazine''), the band began to cut all ties with the scene, and move away from the deathrock style into something more similar to [[Nine Inch Nails]] and the like. <ref>[http://www.londonaftermidnight.com/manifest93.html LondonAfterMidnight.com]</ref> To this day however, the band remain one of the most popular acts in the [[gothic subculture]].

The mid [[1990s]] marked a so called "''third wave of gothic rock''", as the music drifted its furthest from the original punk and post-punk sound by incorporating many elements of the harsher, factory-inspired sound of [[industrial music]] and the more repetitive and electronic sounds of [[electronic body music|EBM]]. Some clubs even completely dropped deathrock and first generation gothic rock from their setlists to appeal to a [[crossover (music)|crossover]] crowd <ref>[http://www.starvox.net/crypt/dr/dr.htm Starvox.com]</ref>. These changes alienated many in the goth scene <ref>[http://kisskissbangbang.bravehost.com/fdfdfd.html KissKissBangBang.com]</ref> who preferred the livelier, punkier deathrock sound <ref>[http://www.midnightcalling.com/interviews.html MidnightCalling.com]</ref> and led them to seek out their earlier deathrock roots <ref>[http://www.author-me.com/nonfiction/whatisgothic.htm Author-Me.com]</ref>.

===Revival===

[[Image:deathrockers.jpg|thumb|300px|Dinah Cancer and other deathrockers at Release the Bats.]]

Nearly 20 years after deathrock first appeared on the music scene in Southern California, the deathrock [[revival]] began in Southern California. During 1998 in [[Long Beach, California]], owners of the Que Sera, a local bar, to throw a one-night "old school" Gothic Halloween party. After the success of the one-off party, the event quickly evolved into a regular deathrock club called Release the Bats <ref>[http://www.releasethebats.info/ ReleaseTheBats.info]</ref> and a focal point in California for the reemerging deathrock movement. (The club is named after a song by the Australian band [[The Birthday Party (band)|the Birthday Party]].)

The current deathrock movement is similar to the original deathrock scene in Los Angeles and the Batcave movement in London <ref>[http://kisskissbangbang.bravehost.com/faq1.html KissKissBangBang.com]</ref>. In addition to clubs, the current scene is centered around concerts, special events, parties, and horror movie screenings. The [[internet]] is playing a major role in the deathrock [[revival]]. There are [[websites]] devoted to the discussion deathrock [[music]], [[Band (music)|bands]] and [[fashions]] as well as horror movies, such as [http://www.deathrock.com deathrock.com] and [http://www.post-punk.com post-punk.com], plus [[Electronic mailing list|mailing lists]] for deathrockers on various online virtual communities, such as [[MySpace]].

The deathrock movement in England is also growing quickly, particularly in [[London]]. Regular deathrock nights in the city, such as Dead & Buried (named after an [[Alien Sex Fiend]] song).

In contrast to the early deathrock movement, the current one has additional influences which didn't exist in the late 1970s. First, there has been a shift to a more post-punk sound as a result of the influence of the European bands of the 80s. Second, there is the apolitical influence of [[psychobilly]] which discourages political debates that have the potential to fragment the scene. The [[Drop Dead Festival]], which is similar to psychobilly's Hootenanny, gives bands with smaller fan bases an opportunity to play before larger crowds <ref>[http://www.metroactive.com/papers/metro/07.18.02/allshookdown-0229.html MetroActive.com]</ref>.

==Artists==

:''See also, [[List of classic deathrock bands|Classic Deathrock Bands]]'' and ''[[List of modern deathrock bands|Modern Deathrock Bands]]''

''Only Theatre Of Pain'', Christian Death's 1982 debut album, is widely held as the first purely deathrock album <ref>[http://www.allmusic.com/cg/amg.dll?p=amg&sql=11:87dnvwnva9qk~T1 AllMusic.com]</ref> and cannot be easily classified as either a darker flavor of punk, horror punk, or post-punk. As a result, [[Rozz Williams]], the lead singer of [[Christian Death]], [[Shadow Project]], Premature Ejaculation, etc. is considered one of the most influential artists in the deathrock scene. Patrick Mata of [[Kommunity FK]] is another influential male deathrocker.

[[Dinah Cancer]] has been referred to as the Queen of Deathrock<ref>[http://www.darkmoonentertainment.com/dinahcancer.html DarkMoonEntertainment]</ref>, the Goddess of Deathrock <ref>[http://bap.antidoterecords.net/horrorpunk2.php AntidoteRecords]</ref> and the High Priestess of Deathrock <ref>[http://www.starvox.net/crypt/dr/germany2.htm Starvox.net]</ref> for her role as the frontwoman for [[45 Grave]] during a time when female lead singers were still considered somewhat of a rarity. Other influential female deathrockers would include [[Voodoo Church|Tina Winter]] and [[Eva O]].

Los Angeles bands were not solely responsible for the formation of the deathrock sound; many artists in the United States released EPs and LPs prior to 1982 which would now be considered deathrock such as the previously mentioned [[Theatre of Ice]] and Mighty Sphincter. British bands also made major contributions to the deathrock sound by adding a strong post-punk influence, including [[Joy Division]], [[Bauhaus (band)|Bauhaus]], [[Siouxsie & the Banshees]], etc. Other bands from around the world added their own unique contribution to deathrock, including [[Xmal Deutschland]] in Germany, [[Virgin Prunes]] from Ireland, and [[The Birthday Party (band)|The Birthday Party]] in Australia, etc.

However, [[The Sisters of Mercy]], who are frequently played at deathrock clubs, are generally not considered as a deathrock band, as the most prominent example of their sound ''[[Floodland]]'' has more in common with second-wave gothic rock bands (as they were the second wave's prime influence).<ref>[http://www.scathe.demon.co.uk/histgoth.htm ScatheDemon.co.uk]</ref>.

==Related genres==

* [[Gothic rock]]

* [[Horror punk]]

* [[Dark Cabaret]]

* [[Post-punk]]

* [[New Romantic]]

* [[New Wave music|New Wave]]

* [[Art punk]]

* [[Psychobilly]]

* [[Punk rock]]

==Subcultural fashion==

* [[Deathrock fashion]]

* [[Punk fashion]]

* [[Gothic fashion]]

==References==

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