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This is a list of articles on [[education]] organized by country:
{{otheruses}}
[[Image:Highway pennsylvania USA.JPG|thumb|right|350px|Highway in Pennsylvania, USA]]
[[Image:Pan-American Highway-Mancora, Peru.jpg|thumb|right|The [[Pan-American Highway]], in the [[Peru|Peruvian]] town of [[Máncora]], where it serves as the [[main street]].]]
'''Highway''' is a term commonly used in the United States to designate major [[road]]s intended for travel by the [[public]] between important destinations, such as [[city|cities]].
{{compactTOC2}}
Highway designs vary widely. They can include some characteristics of [[freeway]]s and [[motorway]]s such as multiple [[lane]]s of [[traffic]], a median between lanes of opposing traffic, and access control ([[Highway ramp|ramp]]s and [[grade separation]]). Highways can also be as simple as a two-lane, shoulderless road.
The [[United States]] has the largest{{fact}} [[National Highway System|network of national highways]], including [[Interstate highway]]s and [[United States Numbered Highways]]. This network is present in every state and connects all major cities. [[People's Republic of China|China]] has the fastest expanding{{citation needed}} and second largest highway system in the world.
===A===
Some highways, like the [[Pan-American Highway]] or the [[European route]]s, bridge multiple countries. [[Highway 1 (Australia)|Australia's Highway 1]] connects all state [[capital city|capital]]s and runs almost the entire way around the country.
*[[Education in Afghanistan]]
*[[Education in Albania]]
*[[Education in Algeria]]
*[[Education in Argentina]]
*[[Education in Armenia]]
*[[Education in Australia]]
*[[Education in Austria]]
===B===
The longest single national highway in the world is the [[Trans-Canada Highway]], which runs from [[Victoria, British Columbia]], on the [[Pacific Ocean|Pacific Coast]], through ten provinces to the [[Atlantic Ocean|Atlantic Coast]], at [[St. John's, Newfoundland]].
*[[Education in Bangladesh]]
** [[Higher Education in Bangladesh]]
*[[Education in Belarus]]
*[[Education in Belgium]]
*[[Education in Bolivia]]
*[[Education in Brazil]]
*[[Education in Bulgaria]]
*[[Education in Burkina Faso]]
===C===
Highways are not always continuous stretches of pavement. For example, some highways are interrupted by bodies of water, and [[ferry]] routes may serve as sections of the highway.
*[[Education in Canada]]
**[[Education in Alberta]]
**[[Education in Québec]]
*[[Education in Chile]]
*[[Education in China]]
**[[Education in the People's Republic of China|Education in the People's Republic of China(mainland China)]]
**[[Education in Hong Kong]]
**[[Education in Macau]]
*[[Education in Colombia]]
*[[Education in Costa Rica]]
*[[Education in Cuba]]
*[[Education in Czechoslovakia]] (''historical'')
==Nomenclature =D===
*[[Education in Denmark]]
The terms used for various types of highways (such as [[autobahn]], [[autoroute]], [[expressway]], [[freeway]], and [[motorway]]) vary between countries or even regions within a country. In some places a ''highway'' is a specific type of major road that is distinct from ''freeway'' or ''expressway''; in other places the terms may overlap. In law, ''highway'' may mean any public road or canal. However, in some countries, the term ''highway'' is not generally used at all.
===AustraliaE===
*[[Education in Egypt]]
In [[Australia]], a ''highway'' is a distinct type of road from freeways and motorways. The word ''highway'' is generally used to mean major roads connecting large cities, towns and different parts of [[metropolitan area]]s. Metropolitan highways often have traffic lights at intersections, and rural highways usually have only one lane in each direction. The words ''freeway'' or ''motorway'' are generally reserved for the most arterial routes, almost always with no traffic light intersections and usually significantly straightened and widened. The term ''motorway'' is used in some Australian cities to refer to freeways that have been allocated a metropolitan route number, and in Sydney, a ''motorway'' has a toll, whereas a ''freeway'' is free of charge. When the Albury-Wodonga Bypass is opened, it will be possible to travel from Melbourne to Sydney without having to stop at a traffic light. Roads may be part-highway and part-freeway until they are fully upgraded.
*[[Education in Eritrea]]
===F===
=== Bosnia and Herzegovina ===
*[[Education in Fiji]]
{{see also|Corridor Vc}}
*[[Education in Finland]]
As for [[Bosnia and Herzegovina]], the Pan-European [[Corridor 5c]] Motorway, [[Budapest]] - [[Osijek]] - [[Sarajevo]] - [[Ploce]], is one of the most significant and project of the highest priority. The construction works on the road have already begun, but intensified beginning of the construction will be a key starter of economic and social activities, and will enable Bosnia and Herzegovina to be connected to main European traffic network, as well as to global European economic and social structure.
*[[Education in France]]
===G===
Construction of the motorway, whose total length is ''340 km'', will provide: rational connecting to neighboring countries and regions; stabilizing and developing effects will be reached; transport conditions and quality of life improvement; economy competitiveness enhancement; new projects launched and national and international private investments enhancement.
*[[Education in Germany]]
**[[Education in East Germany]] (''historical'')
*[[Education in Ghana]]
*[[Education in Greece]]
*[[Education in Guyana]]
===H===
*[[Education in Hungary]]
*[[Education in Hong Kong]]
=== Brazil I===
*[[Education in India]]
{{see also|List of Brazilian Highways}}
*[[Education in Indonesia]]
*[[Education in Iran]]
*[[Education in Iraq]]
*[[Education in Ireland]]
*[[Education in Israel]]
*[[Education in Italy]]
===J===
In [[Brazil]], highways (or expressway/freeway) are named "[[rodovia]]", and Brazilian highways are divided in two types: regional highways (generally of less importance and entirely inside of one state) and national highways (of major importance to the country). In Brazil, rodovia is the name given exclusively to roads connecting two or more cities with a sizable distance separating the extremes of the highway. Urban highways for commuting are uncommon in Brazil, and when they are present, they receive different names, depending of the region (Avenida, Marginal, Linha, Via, Eixo, etc). Very rarely names other than "rodovia" are used.
*[[Education in Japan]]
[[Image:Rodovia dos Imigrantes 1.jpg|thumb|right|300px||<center>The [[SP-160]], known as Rodovia dos Imigrantes, in southeastern Brazil]]
Regional highways are named YY-XXX, where YY is the abbreviation of the state where the highway is running in and XXX is a number (e.g. SP-280; where SP means that the highway is running entirely in the state of [[São Paulo (state)|São Paulo]]).
===K===
National highways are named BR-XXX. National highways connects multiples states altogether, are of major importance to the national [[Economic system|economy]] and/or connects Brazil to another country. The meaning of the numbers are:
*[[Education in Kazakhstan]]
*[[Education in Kenya]]
*[[Education in Korea]] (''disambiguation'')
**[[Education in North Korea]]
**[[Education in South Korea]]
===L===
*001-100 - it means that the highway runs radially from [[Brasília]]. It is an exception to the cases below.
*[[Education in Lebanon]]
*101-200 - it means that the highway runs in a south-north way.
*[[Liechtensteinisches Gymnasium|Education in Liechtenstein]] (information on secondary education)
*201-300 - it means that the highway runs in a west-east way
*301-400 - it means that the highway runs in a diagonal way (northwest-southeast, for example)
*400-499 - another exception, they are less important highways and its function is to connect a city to an arterial highway nearby
===M===
Often Brazilian highways receives names (famous people, etc), but even though, they continue to have a YY/BR-XXX name (example: Rodovia Castelo Branco is also SP-280).
*[[Education in Malaysia]]
*[[Education in the Maldives]]
*[[Education in Mauritius]]
*[[Education in Mexico]]
*[[Education in Myanmar]]
===CanadaN===
*[[Education in Nepal]]
[[Image:401atDVP.jpg|thumb|right|300px|Highway 401 that crosses [[Toronto]], showing the wide 14-18-lane, collector/express lane cross-section. Note the safety features such as the long acceleration and deceleration lanes, emergency lanes, high mast lighting and the 3 tall concrete medians. This highway is the busiest in the world.]]
*[[Education in the Netherlands]]
*In [[Canada]], there is no national standard for nomenclature, although ''highway'' appears to be the popular in most areas.
*[[Education in New Zealand]]
*[[Education in Nicaragua]]
*[[Education in Norway]]
===P===
*In [[Ontario]], all public roads are legally defined as ''highways'', though [[List of Ontario provincial highways|provincially managed roads]] are known legally as the ''King's Highways''. In day-to-day usage, the term ''highway'' is used for provincial routes. It is also common for surface routes to be referred to by the phrase ''number'' (e.g. "Take ''[[Highway 10 (Ontario)|Number 10]]'' from [[Mississauga, Ontario|Mississauga]] to [[Owen Sound, Ontario|Owen Sound]]"), especially by older generations. The words ''freeway'' or ''expressway'' are sometimes used to refer to [[controlled-access]], high-speed, grade-separated highways such as the [[400-series Highways]], the [[Conestoga Parkway]], the [[Don Valley Parkway]], or the [[E.C. Row Expressway]]. The only highway officially labelled as a freeway is the Macdonald-Cartier Freeway, usually known as [[Highway 401 (Ontario)|Highway 401]], or simply "the 401", which is the world's busiest highway. The stretch of highway 401 between London and Windsor, Ontario, is also the world's busiest truck route.{{citation needed}}
*[[Education in Pakistan]]
*In [[Quebec]], major highways are called ''[[autoroute]]s'' in French.
*[[Education in Palestine]]
*[[Nova Scotia]] numbers its freeways by the routes they parallel, for example, [[Nova Scotia provincial highway 107|Highway 107]] parallels Trunk 7. This, to a lesser extent, also applies in Ontario (e.g. [[Highway 410 (Ontario)|Highway 410]] and [[Highway 420 (Ontario)|Highway 420]] parallel [[Highway 10 (Ontario)|Highway 10]] and [[Highway 20 (Ontario)|Highway 20]].)
*[[Education in Poland]]
*The [[Trans-Canada Highway]], the highway that crosses the entire country and enters all ten provinces, holds the record as the longest national highway in the world. It ranges from a wilderness two-lane highway to a multi-lane urban [[freeway]].
**[[Underground Education in Poland During World War II]] (''historical'')
**[[Education in the People's Republic of Poland]] (''historical'')
*[[Education in Portugal]]
===R===
===China, People's Republic===
*[[Education in Romania]]
[[image:Central Jingshi Expressway9.jpg|thumb|300px|National Highway G030 northbound in [[PRC|mainland China]].]]
*[[Education in Russia]]
{{see also|Expressways of China}}
===S===
"Highways" in [[People's Republic of China|China]], more often than not, refer to [[China National Highway]]s. The fully [[controlled-access]], multi-lane, central-separation routes are instead called [[Expressways of China|expressways]]. [[As of 2005]], there were 1.55 million km of highways and 42,000 km of expressways in China; both total lengths are second only to the United States.
*[[Education in the Soviet Union]] (''historical'')
*[[Education in Saudi Arabia]]
*[[Education in Scotland]]
*[[Education in Senegal]]
*[[Education in Serbia]]
*[[Education in Singapore]]
*[[Education in Slovakia]]
*[[Education in South Africa]]
*[[Education in Spain]]
**[[Education in Catalonia]]
*[[Education in Sri Lanka]]
*[[Education in Sweden]]
*[[Education in Switzerland]]
*[[Education in Syria]]
===T===
In [[Mainland China]], private companies reimbursed through [[toll]]s are the primary means of creating and financing the [[National Trunk Highway System]] (NTHS).
*[[Education in the Taiwan|Education in the Taiwan]]
*[[Education in Thailand]]
*[[Education in Turkey]]
===U===
Expressways are lumped with first-grade G-prefixed ''guodaos'' (国道, or "national highway") or A-prefixed first-grade expressways in major municipal cities. All roads in the NTHS and most A-prefixed roads are expressways.
*[[Education in Ukraine]]
*[[Education in the United Kingdom]]
**[[Education in England]]
**[[Education in Northern Ireland]]
**[[Education in Scotland]]
**[[Education in Wales]]
*[[Education in the United States]]
*[[Education in Uganda]]
===V===
* G-prefix: National highways (typically expressways)
*[[Education in Venezuela]]
* A-prefix: Municipal highways (typically expressways)
*[[Education in Vietnam]]
* S-prefix: Provincial highways
* X-prefix: County highways
* Y-prefix: Rural roads
* Z-prefix: Special use roads (e.g., airport expressways)
Some highways are numbered with a leading zero (e.g. G030).
The term ''Freeway'' during the 1990s was used on a few expressways (such as the [[Jingshi Expressway|Jingshi Freeway]]). The term ''freeway'' has since been replaced with ''expressway'' on all signs in China. The Chinese name for expressways is uniform; in pinyin, it is ''gaosu gonglu'', which literally means "high speed [[public road]]".
Signs on the National Highways (G-prefix) are green, while on the lower-grade highways and urban expressways (A-prefix) are blue.
[[Image:ToloHighway.JPG|thumb|right|300px|[[Sha Tin Road]] near [[Yuen Chau Kok]], [[New Territories]], Hong Kong.]]
====Hong Kong====
In [[Hong Kong]], the type of high speed roads is referred to as ''expressway'', but some are named as ''highways'' or ''roads'' ('Yuen Long Highway', 'Tolo Highway', 'Tsuen Wan Road', 'Tuen Mun Road', etc.). Some others are named ''corridors'' and ''bypasses''.
===France===
France has a national highway system dating back to the Napoleonic era. The chausees constructed at this time, radiating out from Paris, form the basis for the "routes nationales" (RN), whose red numbers differ from the yellow numbering used for secondary "routes departmentales". The RNs numbered from 1 to 20 radiate from Paris to major ports or border crossings. More recently (after the Second World War), France has constructed [[Autoroute]]s, [[superhighway]]s (usually [[toll]]) with a speed limit of 130 km/h (110 in rainy conditions or urban areas).
===Germany===
{{main|Autobahns of Germany}}
Aside from highways bearing the [[Autobahn]] designation, Germany has many two- and four-lane roads. Federal highways not known as autobahns are called ''Bundesstraßen'' (''Bundesstrassen'') and, while usually two-lane roads, they may also be four-lane, [[limited-access]] expressways of local or regional importance. Unlike the Autobahns, though, ''Bundesstraßen'' (marked by black numbers on a yellow background) mostly have speed limits (usually 100 km/h, but occasionally higher on limited-access segments, and lower in urban areas or near intersections). But if these roads are built like an Autobahn (minimum 2 lanes per direction and a median), there is usually no speed limit.
===India===
{{main|Expressways of India}}
In India, 'Highway' refers to one of the many ''National Highways'' that run up to a total length of about 58,000 kilometers. An [[expressway]] refers to any elevated road with grade-separated intersections. [[As of 2005]], there were 4,885 km of expressways in India. The NHAI (National Highway Authority of India) has put all the highway and expressway projects on the fast track and by 2010 plans to cover every corner of India through the highway system. [[Image:196859189b01fe5346fovt1.jpg|thumb|300px|Indian Highway]]
[[Image:NorthSouth-Expressway.jpg|thumb|right|300px|[[Southern route|South section]] of [[North-South Expressway]] in [[Malaysia]], facing towards Kuala Lumpur.]]
[[Image:A7_algeciras.jpg|thumb|250px|Spanish highway]]
===Ireland===
The [[Republic of Ireland]] has a similar system to the [[#United Kingdom|United Kingdom]] except that its major roads are classed as [[Roads in Ireland#National Primary Routes|'N' road]] or [[Roads in Ireland#Other roads|'R' road]] rather than [[British road numbering scheme|'A' road/'B' road]] as in the UK.
===Malaysia===
{{main|Malaysian expressway system}}
The highest level of major roads in [[Malaysia]], ''[[Malaysian expressway system|expressway (lebuhraya)]]'', has full access control, grade separated junctions, and mostly [[toll]]ed. The expressways link the major state capitals in [[Peninsular Malaysia]] and major cities in [[Klang Valley]].
''Highway'' is lower level with limited access control, some at-grade junctions or [[roundabouts]], and generally with 2 lanes in each separated direction. These are generally untolled and funded by the federal government, hence the first one is called [[Federal Highway, Malaysia|Federal Highway]] linking [[Klang]] and [[Kuala Lumpur]].
The trunk roads linking major cities and towns in the country are called ''federal trunk roads'', and are generally 2 lanes single carriageway roads, in places with a third climbing lane for slow lorries.
===New Zealand===
In [[New Zealand]], a ''[[motorway]]'' runs through urban areas and an ''[[expressway]]'' runs through rural areas. Both motorways and expressways generally have no access to adjacent properties. Although motorways provide no facility for pedestrians or cyclists, expressways such as the Bombay Expressway south of the Bombay Hills, below Auckland, and leading from the Auckland Motorway system, provides a cycleway on the outside lane. New Zealand's main routes are designated ''state highways''. State Highway 1 is the only route to run through both the North and South Islands, and runs (in order north-south) from [[Cape Reinga]] to [[Wellington]] in the [[North Island]], and from [[Picton, New Zealand|Picton]] to [[Bluff]] in the [[South Island]]. State Highways 2-5 are main routes in the North Island, State Highways 6-9 in the South Island, and state highways numbered from 10 onwards are generally found in numerical order from north to south. State highways usually incorporate different types of roads, for example, State Highway 1 from [[Auckland]] to [[Hamilton, New Zealand|Hamilton]] incorporates the Northern and Southern Motorways in the Auckland area, the Waikato Expressway, and a rural road before passing through the streets of Hamilton. The term ''freeway'' is rarely used relating to New Zealand roads, and can only be considered an [[Americanism]].
===Pakistan===
Pakistan has its own network of motorways. The first one, the M2 was built in 1997 with the contract being awarded to the [[Korea]]n firm [[Daewoo]]. It linked the federal capital [[Islamabad]] with [[Punjab (Pakistan)|Punjab]]'s provincial capital [[Lahore]]. The network was then extended to [[Sargodha]] and then to [[Faisalabad]] with the M3. There exist plans to construct the M1 motorway to the [[NWFP]]'s capital [[Peshawar]]. N5 links [[Karachi]] to other cities. More highways are being planned and some are also being built by local and foreign firms.
===South Africa===
Colloquially, the terms "freeway," "highway," and "motorway" are used synonymously. There are very few references to the term "expressway" in South Africa. A freeway, highway or motorway refers to a divided [[dual carriageway]] with [[limited access]], and at least two lanes in either direction. A central island, usually either with drainage, foliage or high-impact barriers, provides a visible separation between carriageways in opposite directions. As with the UK and Australia, South Africans drive on the left-hand side of the road and all steering wheels are on the right-hand side of vehicles.
Freeways are designated with one of three labels: N (in reference to national roads), R (short for "route," in reference to provincial roads), and M (in reference to metropolitan roads). This has more to do with the ___location of a road and its function than anything else. In addition, "N" roads usually run the length of the country over long distances, "R" roads usually inter-connect cities and towns within a province, and "M" roads carry heavy traffic in metropolitan areas. Route markings also determine who paid for the road: "N" was paid for by national government, "R" by provincial government and "M" by local government. In recent years, some "R" roads have been re-designated as "N" roads, so that control and funding comes from the South African National Roads Agency.
=== Spain ===
Spain's national highway system dates back to the era of King Carlos III. The roads built at this time, radiating from Madrid, form the basis for the ''carreteras nacionales'', numbered clockwise from I to VI, which radiate from Madrid to major ports or border crossings. In the 1960s Spain constructed ''autopistas'' (toll highways) and ''autovias'', and nowadays (2005) has 15,000 km of highways.
===Switzerland===
[[Image:A4 Switzerland.jpg|thumb|200px|The A4 in Switzerland]]
{{see also|Autobahns of Switzerland}}
The term ''[[Autobahn]]'' is used for normal expressways where there is a central physical structure separating two different directional carriageways. This is often translated into English as ''motorway''.
In express routes where there is no central physical structure separating two different directional carriageways, but crossings are still motorway-like otherwise, and traffic lights are not present, the road is instead called an ''Autostrasse'', translated into English as a ''motorroad''. ''Autostrassen'' often have a lower speed limit than ''Autobahnen''.
===United Kingdom ===
{{See also|Rights of way in the United Kingdom}}
In the [[United Kingdom]], unless a route is classified as a [[motorway]], the term used may be ''[[main road]]'', ''[[trunk road]]'', ''[[British road numbering scheme|'A' road/'B' road]]'', or, where appropriate, ''[[dual carriageway]]''. In the law of [[England and Wales]] the term ''highway'' covers everything from a [[footpath]] (for foot passage only), to a [[bridleway]] (for foot, bicycle and equestrian use), to a byway open for all traffic (for all the aforementioned users, plus any motorised user), to unclassified county roads, classified roads, trunk roads, motorways and special roads. In British law, there is no definition of "road", and generally the most common usage refers to:
[[Image:P5100417.JPG|Thumb|150px|right]]
*"[[Carriageway]]",
*"[[Footpath]]",
*"[[Bridleway]]" or
*"[[Byway (road)|Byway]]"
In England and Wales the public are said to have a "right of way" over a Highway. This means that, subject to statutory restrictions, the route must be kept clear to allow travel by anyone who wishes to it. At common law, it is forbidden to obstruct a highway or interfere with passage. However, many statutory provisions provide powers to do so (for instance to carry out road works). Rights of way exist both over roads maintained at the public expense (the majority of roads) and over some roads on private property. In this case, the owner must allow passage over the highway. A right of way may be created by custom (i.e. the road has been used for a long period of time) or under the relevant positions of the Highways Act 1980. A right of way may by only be extinguished or diverted by or under an Act of Parliament. For instance, under the Channel Tunnel Rail Link Act 1996 authority is given for the builder of the rail link to stop up certain highways mentioned in Schedule 3 of the act.
The contrast to a Highway is a private road over which no right of way exists. Travel on a private road is subject to the consent of the owner of the land.
===United States===
[[Image:Atlanta 75.85.jpg|thumb|right|The "[[Downtown Connector]]" (I-75 and I-85) in [[Atlanta, GA]].]]
In the United States, "highway" is a general term for denoting a public way, including the entire area within the right-of-way, and includes many forms:
#a high-speed, [[limited-access road]] like [[expressway]]s and [[freeway]]s.
#an important road that connects cities.
#any road at all
Many highways are part of the official [[National Highway System]].
The familiarity of the [[Interstate Highway]] system implies "highway" describes any [[freeway]], regardless of whether it is part of the Interstate Highway system.
However, the [[United States Numbered Highways]] system, which predates Interstate Highways, can vary from 2 lanes (1 lane each direction), shoulderless, paved roads with no access control to roads built to the same standards as Interstate Highways. These roads are usually distinguished by being important, but not always primary, routes that connect populated areas.
"Highway" even includes roads that serve similar purposes to United States numbered highways but which are numbered and maintained by state or local governments.
Finally, in some places, "highway" is a synonym for "road" or "street". For example, California Motor Vehicle Code § 360 states: "'Highway' is a way or place of whatever nature, publicly maintained and open to the use of the public for purposes of vehicular travel. Highway includes street."
Arguably, the most famous United States highway is [[Route 66]]. It is immortalized in the song "(Get Your Kicks On) Route 66." Other famous highways of song include Carefree Highway in Arizona (Gordon Lightfoot, 1974), Colorado Boulevard in Pasadena, California (Jan & Dean, also Beach Boys, 1964), and Ventura Highway in California (America, 1972).
==Social and environmental effects of highways==
By reducing travel times relative to arterial streets, highways have a positive effect upon balance of leisure or productive time through reduced commute and other travel time. However, highways have criticisms, partially due to being an extended [[line source|linear source]] of [[pollution]]:
*'''Community cohesion''': Where highways are created through existing communities, there can be reduced community cohesion and more difficult local access.
*'''[[Roadway noise]]''': Highways generate more roadway noise than [[arterial]] streets due to the higher operating speeds. Therefore, considerable [[noise health effects]] are expected from highway systems. [[Noise mitigation]] strategies exist to reduce sound levels at nearby [[sensitive receptors]]. The idea that highway design could be influenced by acoustical engineering considerations first arose about 1973<ref>John Shadely, ''Acoustical analysis of the [[New Jersey Turnpike]] widening project between Raritan and East Brunswick'', Bolt Beranek and Newman, 1973</ref><ref>Michael Hogan, ''Highway Noise'', 3rd Environmental Pollution Symposium, sponsored by AIAA, [[ACS]], [[American Society of Mechanical Engineers|ASME]], [[SAE]], held at [[SRI International]], Menlo Park, Ca. April 17-18, 1973</ref>.
*'''[[Air quality]] issues''': Highways may contribute fewer [[air pollutant|emissions]] than arterials carrying the same vehicle volumes. This is because high, constant-speed operation creates an [[emissions reduction]] compared to vehicular flows with stops and starts. However, concentrations of air pollutants near highways may be higher due to increased traffic volumes. Therefore, the risk of exposure to elevated levels of air pollutants from a highway may be considerable, and further magnified when highways have [[traffic congestion]].
New highways can cause [[habitat fragmentation]] and allow human intrusion into previously untouched areas.
==Further information==
For information on the history and local styles of highways around the world refer to
* [[Autobahns of Austria]] ([[Austria]])
* [[Autobahns of Germany]] ([[Germany]])
* [[Autobahns of Switzerland]] ([[Switzerland]])
* [[Autocesta]] ([[Croatia]])
* [[Auto-Estrada]] ([[Portugal]], notable for the introduction of the world's first [[electronic toll collection]] system, the [[Via Verde]].)
* [[Autopista]] ([[Spain]])
* [[Autoput]] ([[Serbia]])
* [[Autoput]] or [[Autocesta]] ([[Bosnia and Herzegovina]])
* [[Autoroute]] ([[France]])
* [[Autoroute (Quebec)|Autoroute]] ([[Quebec]])
* [[Autostrada]] ([[Italy]], [[Poland]], [[Romania]], [[Egypt]])
* [[Avtocesta]] ([[Slovenia]])
* [[Expressways of China|Expressway]] ([[Mainland China]])
* [[Malaysian expressway system|Expressway ''(Lebuhraya)'']] ([[Malaysia]])
* [[Freeway]], [[Expressway]], and [[Parkway]] ([[United States]])
* [[Freeway#Canada|Freeway]] ([[Canada]])
* [[Expressways of Japan|Kōsokudōro]] ([[Japan]])
* [[List of Manitoba provincial highways#Primary Routes|Manitoba's Primary Routes]] ([[Manitoba]])
* [[Motorväg]] ([[Sweden]])
* [[Motorway]] ([[United Kingdom]])
* [[Motorway (Ireland)|Motorway]] ([[Ireland]])
* [[Expressways of India|National Highways]] ([[India]])
* [[National Trunk Highway System]] ([[Mainland China]])
* [[Rodovia]] ([[Brazil]])
* [[Transportation of Israel]] Israeli Expressways, named "Kvish Mahir" (expressway in Hebrew)
* [[List of Nova Scotia provincial highways#Arterial (100-series) highways|100-series Highways]] / [[100-Series Highways]] ([[Nova Scotia]])
* [[List of Alberta provincial highways|200-Series Highways]] ([[Alberta]])
* [[400-Series Highways (Ontario)|400-Series Highways]] ([[Ontario]])
== References==
<div style="font-size:90%;">
<references />
</div>
==See also==
* [[List of basic education topics]]
*[[Air pollution]]
* [[BypassCompulsory routeeducation]]
*[[Countryside and Rights of Way Act 2000]]
*[[FHWA Series fonts]], the standard typeface for highway signs in the United States and Canada
*[[Global highway]]
*[[Highwayman]]
*[[List of roads and highways]]
*[[Roadway noise]]
*[[Roadway air dispersion modeling]]
*[[Passing lane]]
*[[Ring road]]
*[[Road]]
*[[Road junction]]
*[[Road safety]]
*[[SHIFEE]]
*[[Toll road]]
{{Lists by country}}
==External links==
{{Africa topic|Education in|countries_only=yes}}
{{Commons|Category:Highways}}
{{Asia topic|Education in}}{{Europe topic|Education in|countries_only=yes}}
*[http://www.arb.ca.gov/bluebook/bb05/veh360/veh_360.htm Legal definition in Canada]
{{North America topic|Education in}}
*[http://www.kscourts.org/kscases/ctapp/1999/19991119/81647.htm Legal opinion, Kansas, U.S.A.]
{{Oceania topic|Education in}}
*[http://www.us-highways.com/ U.S. Highways: From US 1 to (US 830)]
{{South America topic|Education in|countries_only=yes}}
*[http://www.milebymile.com/ Mile By Mile U.S. Highway Travel Information Guides]
*[http://www.elbruz.org/eroads/AGR_2.htm Full list of Euroroutes with distances]
*[http://www.transglobalhighway.com/ Proposed Trans-Global Highway]
[[Category:RoadEducation by country| infrastructure]]
[[Category:RoadEducation transportlists|Education articles by country]]
[[Category:Roads|Highway]]
[[ru:Образование по странам]]
[[de:Highway]]
[[es:Carretera]]
[[fr:Autoroute]]
[[ms:Lebuhraya]]
[[nl:Autoweg]]
[[ja:道路]]
[[pl:Autostrada]]
[[pt:Auto-estrada]]
[[sr:Аутопут]]
[[sv:landsväg]]
[[zh:公路]]
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