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'''Co-promotion''' is a [[marketing]] practice where a [[company]] in addition to its own, uses another company's [[sales force]] to promote the same [[brand]] or range of brands. The term is frequently confused with [[Co-marketing]].
The '''BBCH-scale (bulb vegetable)''' identifies the phenological development stages of the bulb vegetables (([[Onion]] = ''Allium cepa'', [[leek]] = ''Allium porrum'', [[garlic]] = ''Allium sativum'', [[shallot]] = ''Allium ascalonicum auct''). It is a plant species specific version of the [[BBCH-scale]].
A downloadable version [[http://www.bba.de/veroeff/bbch/bbcheng.pdf]] of the BBCH Scales, including illustrations, is avaiable from the BBA [[http://www.bba.bund.de/cln_044/nn_813794/EN/Home/homepage__node.html__nnn=true]] (Federal Biological Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry)
== See also ==
{| class="wikitable" style="clear"
! colspan=3| '''Phenological growth stages and BBCH-identification keys
of bulb vegetables'''<br>
|-
|<b>Code (2-digit)</b>
||<b>Code (3-digit)</b>
||<b>Description</b>
|-
! colspan=3|Principal growth stage 0: Germination
|-
|00 ||000 ||Dry seed,<sup>1</sup> dormant bulb<sup>2</sup>
|-
|01 ||000 ||Beginning of seed imbibition<sup>1</sup>
|-
|03 ||003 ||Seed imbibition complete<sup>1</sup>
|-
|05 ||005 ||Radicle emerged from seed.<sup>1</sup><br>
Roots appearing<sup>2</sup>
|-
|07 ||007 ||Cotyledon breaking through seed coat<sup>1</sup>
|-
|09 ||009 ||Emergence: cotyledon breaks through soil surface.<sup>1</sup><br>
Green shoot visible<sup>2</sup>
|-
| ||010 ||Cotyledon visible as hook<sup>1</sup>
|-
| ||011 ||Hook stage: hooked cotyledon green<sup>1</sup>
|-
| ||012 ||Whip stage: cotyledon has whip-like form<sup>1</sup>
|-
! colspan=3|Principal growth stage 1: Leaf development (Main shoot)
|-
|10 ||100 ||Advanced whip stage: whip begins to die off<sup>1</sup>
|-
|11 ||101 ||First leaf (> 3 cm) clearly visible
|-
|12 ||102 ||2nd leaf (> 3 cm) clearly visible
|-
|13 ||103 ||3rd leaf (> 3 cm)
|-
|1 . ||10 . ||Stages continuous till . . .
|-
|19 ||109 ||9 or more leaves clearly visible
|-
! colspan=3|Principal growth stage 4: Development of harvestable vegetative plant parts
|-
|41 ||401 ||Leaf bases begin to thicken or extend
|-
|43 ||403 ||30% of the expected bulb or shaft diameter reached
|-
|45 ||405 ||50% of the expected bulb or shaft diameter reached
|-
|47 ||407 ||Bolting begins; in 10% of the plants leaves bent over<sup>3</sup><br>
70% of the expected shaft length and diameter reached<sup>4</sup>
|-
|48 ||408 ||Leaves bent over in 50% of plants<sup>3</sup>
|-
|49 ||409 ||Leaves dead, bulb top dry; dormancy<sup>3</sup>
Growth complete; length and stem diameter typical for variety reached<sup>4</sup>
|-
! colspan=3|Principal growth stage 5: Inflorescence emergence
|-
|51 ||501 ||Onion bulb begins to elongate
|-
|53 ||503 ||30% of the expected length of flower stem reached
|-
|55 ||505 ||Flower stem at full length; sheath closed
|-
|57 ||507 vSheath burst open
|-
|59 ||509 ||First flower petals visible; flowers still closed
|-
! colspan=3|Principal growth stage 6: Flowering
|-
|60 ||600 ||First flowers open (sporadically)
|-
|61 ||601 vBeginning of flowering: 10% of flowers open
|-
|62 ||602 ||20% of flowers open
|-
|63 ||603 ||30% of flowers open
|-
|64 ||604 ||40% of flowers open
|-
|65 ||605 ||Full flowering: 50% of flowers open
|-
|67 ||607 ||Flowering finishing: 70% of petals fallen or dry
|-
|69 ||609 ||End of flowering
|-
! colspan=3|Principal growth stage 7: Development of fruit
|-
|71 ||701 ||First capsules formed
|-
|72 ||702 ||20% of capsules formed
|-
|73 ||703 ||30% of capsules formed
|-
|74 ||704 ||40% of capsules formed
|-
|75 ||705 ||50% of capsules formed
|-
|76 ||706 ||60% of capsules formed
|-
|77 ||707 ||70% of capsules formed
|-
|78 ||708 ||80% of capsules formed
|-
|79 ||709 ||Capsule development complete; seeds pale
|-
! colspan=3|Principal growth stage 8: Ripening of fruit and seed
|-
|81 ||801 ||Beginning of ripening: 10% of capsules ripe
|-
|85 ||805 ||First capsules bursting
|-
|89 ||809 ||Fully ripe: seeds black and hard
|-
! colspan=3|Principal growth stage 9: Senescence
|-
|92 ||902 ||Leaves and shoots beginning to discolour
|-
|95 ||905 ||50% of leaves yellow or dead
|-
|97 ||907 ||Plants or above ground parts dead
|-
|99 ||909 ||Harvested product (seeds)
|-
|}
[[Marketing co-operation]]
1 Seed sown
2 Onion sets, shallot and garlic
3 For onions, garlic
4 For leek
==References==
{{cite journal
| last = Feller
| first = C.
| coauthors = H. Bleiholder, L. Buhr, H. Hack, M. Hess, R. Klose, U. Meier, R. Stauss, T. van den Boom, E. Weber
| title = Phänologische Entwicklungsstadien von Gemüsepflanzen: I. Zwiebel-, Wurzel-, Knollen- und Blattgemüse. Nachrichtenbl. Deut.
| journal = Pflanzenschutzd.
| volume = 47
| pages = 193-206
| date = 1995
}}
[[Category:AgronomyMarketing techniques]]
[[Category:Botany]]
| 