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'''National Action''' (founded [[Anzac Day]], [[1982]]) was an [[Australia|Australian]] [[political party]] which was on the [[far-right]] of the political spectrum. It had no representatives in any Australian parliament, at either state or national level. Its ideology dictated that it remain outside the "political system".
{{sync|History of Japan#Yamato period}}
{{History_of_Japan}}
Its policies included the deportation of [[asylum seekers]] and the termination of [[Indigenous Australians|Aboriginal]] [[native title]]. For this reason, National Action is usually seen as [[racism|racist]] and [[xenophobia|xenophobic]]. National Action also espoused theories that a [[New World Order (conspiracy)|New World Order]] is taking over the world and must be stopped. They were accused of being a [[neo-nazi]] party as its "chairman" [[Jim Saleam|James Saleam]] Ph.D. was a member of the Australian Nazi party in the 1970s. National Action claimed, however, that it was a "[[National Bolshevik]]" party. Saleam claimed that the party was led collectively.
The {{nihongo|'''Kofun period'''|古墳時代|''Kofun-jidai''}} is an era in the history of [[Japan]] from around 250 to 538. The word ''kofun'' is Japanese for the type of [[tumulus|burial mound]]s dating from this era. The Kofun period follows the [[Yayoi period]]. The Kofun and the subsequent [[Asuka period]]s are sometimes referred to collectively as the [[Yamato period]].
National Action was a fringe group that never obtained a popular following for a number of possible reasons:
Generally, the Kofun period is divided from the [[Asuka period]] for its cultural differences. The Kofun period is illustrated by an animistic culture which existed prior to the introduction of Buddhism. Politically, the establishment of the [[Yamato court]], and its expansion as allied states from [[Kyūshū]] to the [[Kanto|Kantō]] are key factors in defining the period. Also, the Kofun period is the oldest era of recorded history in Japan. However, as the chronology of the historical sources are very much distorted, studies of this age require deliberate criticism and the aid of archaeology.
* its use of [[terrorism]] and intimidation against perceived enemies and rival "racial-nationalists";
The archaeological record, and ancient [[Twenty-Four Histories|Chinese sources]], indicate that the various tribes and chiefdoms of Japan did not begin to coalesce into states until 300, when large tombs began to appear while there were no contacts between western [[Japan]] and [[China]]. Some describe the "mysterious century" as a time of internecine warfare as various chiefdoms competed for hegemony on [[Kyūshū]] and [[Honshū]].<ref>{{cite book| url=http://books.google.com/books?ie=UTF-8&vid=ISBN0824820304&id=dCNioYQ1HfsC&pg=PA7&lpg=PA7&dq=kofun+tumuli+korea&vq=korea+kofun&sig=YUcKBcOAukHzM-pfzp-uUTug8GY| title=Sacred Texts and Buried Treasures: Issues on the Historical Archaeology of Ancient Japan| first=William Wayne| last=Farris| id=ISBN 0-8248-2030-4| publisher=University of Hawaii Press| pages=7}}</ref>
* Saleam's conviction for insurance fraud in 1988;
* the public peception that it was a criminal gang; and
==Kofun tombs==
* its plans to fire-bomb a political rival's home and to murder anti-[[Apartheid]] activist [[Eddie Funde]].
[[Image:NintokuTomb.jpg|thumb|left|Daisenryo Kofun, the tomb of [[Emperor Nintoku]], [[Osaka Prefecture|Osaka]], 5th century.]]
''Kofun'' (古墳, "old tomb") are defined as the burial mounds built for the people of the ruling class during the 4th to 7th centuries in Japan. The Kofun period takes its name from these distinctive earthen mounds which are associated with the rich funerary rituals of the time. The mounds contained large stone burial chambers. Some are surrounded by [[moat]]s.
Kofun came in many shapes, with round and square being the simplest. A distinct style is the keyhole kofun ([[:ja:前方後円墳|前方後円墳]] ''zenpō kōen fun''), with its square front and round back. Many kofun were natural hills, which might have been sculpted to their final shape. Kofun range in size from several meters to over 400 [[meter]]s in length.
By the late Kofun period, the distinctive burial chambers, originally used by the ruling elite, were also built for commoners.
The biggest kofun are believed to be the tombs of local monarchs such as [[Emperor Ōjin]] and [[Emperor Nintoku]]. Kofun are also classified according to whether the entrance to the stone burial chamber is vertical (縦穴 ''tate-ana'') or horizontal (横穴 ''yoko-ana'').
===Development of Kofun===
The oldest Japanese Kofun is said to be Hokenoyama Kofun located in Sakurai, [[Nara]], which dates to the late 3rd century. In Makimuku district of Sakurai, earlier keyhole kofuns (Hashihaka Kofun, Shibuya Mukaiyama Kofun) were built around the early 4th century. The trend of the keyhole kofun first spread from Yamato to Kawachi (where gigantic kofun such as Daisen Kofun of Emperor Nintoku are), and then throughout the country (except for Tohoku) in the 5th century. Later that century, keyhole kofuns were also built in the Gaya confederacy of the Korean peninsula. Many Korean scholars argue against this assertion, but the majority write that the presence of uniquely Japanese design features is nearly undeniable proof of this flow of culture from Japan to Korea.
The spreading of keyhole kofun is generally assumed to be an evidence of Yamato court's expansion in this age. However, some argue that it simply shows the spreading of culture based on progress and distribution, and has little to do with political breakthroughs. Whether the keyhole kofun in Gaya was for a local chieftain influenced by Japanese culture or for an immigrated Japanese aristocrat is also debated.
Keyhole kofun disappeared later in 6th century, probably because of the drastic reformation which took place in the Yamato court; ''[[Nihonshoki]]'' records the introduction of Buddhism at this time. The last two great kofun are Imashirozuka kofun (length: 190m) of Osaka which is believed by current scholars to be the tomb of [[Emperor Keitai]] and Iwatoyama kofun (length: 135m) of Fukuoka which was recorded in ''Fudoki of Chikugo'' to be the tomb of Iwai, the political archrival of Keitai.
==Yamato court==
[[Image: KofunCuirass.jpg|thumb|200px|right|Iron helmet and armour with gilt bronze decoration, Kofun period, 5th century. [[Tokyo National Museum]].]]
While conventionally assigned to the period from 250 CE, the actual start of Yamato rule is disputed. The start of the court is also linked with the controversy of [[Yamataikoku]] and its fall. Regardless, it is generally agreed that Yamato rulers possessed keyhole kofun culture and held hegemony in Yamato up to 4th century. The regional autonomy of local powers remained throughout the period, particularly in places such as Kibi (current [[Okayama prefecture]]), Izumo (current [[Shimane prefecture]]), Koshi (current [[Fukui prefecture|Fukui]] and [[Niigata prefectures]]), Kenu (northern [[Kanto]]), Chikushi (northern [[Kyūshū]]), and Hi (central Kyūshū); it was only in the 6th century that the Yamato clans could be said to be dominant over the entire southern half of Japan. On the other hand, official diplomatic relations with the Korean peninsula and China were likely to have been concentrated in Yamato, as Chinese and Korean history recorded no other rival provinces in the Japanese archipelago. Yamato's relationships with foreign states is likely to have begun in the late 4th century, according to the [[Seven-Branched Sword]] inscription.
The Yamato [[polity]], which emerged by the late 5th century, was distinguished by powerful [[clan]]s (豪族: ''Gozoku''). Each clan was headed by a [[patriarch]] (氏上: ''Ujikami'') who performed sacred rites to the clan's ''[[kami]]'' to ensure the long-term welfare of the clan. Clan members were the aristocracy, and the kingly line that controlled the Yamato court was at its pinnacle.
The Kofun period of Japanese culture is also sometimes called the Yamato period by some Western scholars, since this local chieftainship arose to become the Imperial dynasty at the end of the Kofun period. Yamato and its dynasty however were just one rival polity among others throughout the Kofun era. Japanese archaeologists emphasise instead the fact that in the early half of the Kofun period other regional chieftainships, such as [[Kibi Province|Kibi]] were in close contention for dominance or importance. Tsukuriyama Kofun of Kibi is the fourth largest kofun in Japan.
The [[Yamato court]] ultimately exercised power over clans in [[Kyūshū]] and [[Honshū]], bestowing titles, some hereditary, on clan chieftains. The Yamato name became synonymous with all of Japan as the Yamato rulers suppressed the clans and acquired agricultural lands. Based on [[China|Chinese]] models (including the adoption of the [[Chinese written language]]), they started to develop a central administration and an imperial court attended by subordinate clan chieftains but with no permanent capital. Japan's rulers of the time even petitioned the Chinese court for confirmation of royal titles.
The Yamato court had ties to the [[Gaya confederacy]], called ''Mimana'' in Japanese. There is archaeological evidence from the Kofun tombs, which show similarities in form, art, and clothing of the depicted nobles. Based on the Nihonshoki, Japanese ''[[kokugaku]]'' historians claimed Gaya to be a colony of the Yamato state, a theory that is now widely rejected. More likely all these states were tributaries to the [[China|Chinese]] dynasties to some extent.
===Territorial expansion of Yamato===
In addition to archaeological findings indicating a local monarchy in the [[Kibi Province]] as an important rival, the legend of the 4th century Prince [[Yamato Takeru]] alludes to the borders of the [[Yamato Province|Yamato]] and battlegrounds in the area. A frontier was obviously somewhere close to the later [[Izumo province]] (the eastern part of today's [[Shimane prefecture]]). Another frontier, in [[Kyūshū]], was apparently somewhere north of today's [[Kumamoto prefecture]]. The legend specifically states that there was an eastern land in Honshu "whose people disobeyed the imperial court", against whom [[Yamato Takeru]] was sent to fight. That rivalling country may have been located rather close to the Yamato nucleus area itself, or relatively far away. The today [[Kai province]] is mentioned as one of the locations where prince Yamato Takeru sojourned in his said military expedition.
Northern frontier of this age was also explained in Kojiki as the legend of Shido Shogun's (四道将軍: Shoguns to four ways) expedition. Out of four shoguns, Ōbiko set northward to Koshi and his son Take Nunakawawake set to eastern states. The father moved east from northern Koshi while the son moved north on his way, and they finally met at Aizu(current western [[Fukushima Prefecture|Fukushima]]). Although the legend itself is not likely to be a historical fact, Aizu is rather close to southern Tōhoku, where the north end of keyhole kofun culture as of late 4th century is located.
===Ōkimi===
During the Kofun period, a highly aristocratic society with [[militarism|militaristic]] rulers developed.
The Kofun period was a critical stage in Japan's evolution toward a more cohesive and recognized state. This society was most developed in the [[Kinai Region]] and the easternmost part of the [[Inland Sea]]. Japan's rulers of the time even petitioned the Chinese court for confirmation of royal titles.
While the ruler's title are diplomatically ''King'', they locally titled themselves as ''Ōkimi''(Great King) during this period. Inscriptions in two swords, [[The iron sword of Inariyama Kofun|Inariyama Sword]] and Eta Funayama Sword had records of ''Amenoshita Shiroshimesu''(治天下;"ruling of Heaven and Earth") and ''Ōkimi''(大王) in common, to be a ruler that the bearers of these swords were subjected to. It reveals that rulers of this age also grasped religious authorities to justify their thrones through heavenly dignities. The title of ''Amenoshita Shiroshimesu Okimi'' was used up to 7th century, until being replaced by ''Tenno''.
===Clans of the Yamato Court===
Many of the clans and local chieftains consisting Yamato polity claimed its taproot to imperial family or other tribal Gods(Kami). The archeological evidence of such clans is found in Inariyama sword, on which the bearer recorded the names of his ancestors to claim its origin to ''Ōbiko''(大彦) who was recorded in [[Nihon Shoki]] as a son of [[Emperor Kogen|Emperor Kōgen]]. On the other hand, there are also considerable numbers of clans having origins in China or Korean peninsula.
At 5th century, ''Kazuraki clan''(葛城氏), descending from the legendary grandson of Emperor Kogen, was the most prominent power in the court and intermarried with imperial family. After Kazuraki faded in late 5th century, ''Ōtomo clan''(大伴氏) temporarily took its place. When Emperor Buretsu died with no apparent heir, it was [[Otomo no Kanamura]] who recommended [[Emperor Keitai]], a very distant imperial relative resided in Koshi (current Fukui Prefecture), to be a new monarch. However, Kanamura was resigned due to failures on diplomatic policies, and the court was eventually controlled by the [[Mononobe clan|Mononobe]] (物部氏) and [[Soga clan]]s (蘇我氏) at the beginning of the Asuka period.
Saleam was imprisoned in [[1991]] for the plot against Funde.
In the mid-[[1990s]], the success of the right wing [[One Nation Party]] led many National Action members to join One Nation to promote a broad far-right, anti-immigration agenda within the party. The subsequent implosion of One Nation (which was partially due to Saleam's machinations to take over One Nation) stymied this plan.
<!--~~commented due to duplication with Asuka Period article;M.Aly~~ One-third of the noble families on a list compiled in 815 had their origins in China or Korea: 170 of the 1200 listed were from China, 240 from different parts of Korea. <ref> http://books.google.com/books?ie=UTF-8&vid=ISBN0520225600&id=9AivK7yMICgC&pg=PA32&lpg=PA32&dq=history+of+japan+and+korea&vq=korea&sig=V5gQx0zzYDUvUYqeYjnYRbMoCG8</ref>. These immigrants received noble titles from the rulers of the Yamato, and were valued as experts, especially on iron-working, horseriding and writing.
In recent years, attempts have been made to resurrect the party by [[Michael Brander]], a rival of Saleam. These plans have had little impact due to the loss of Dr. Saleam's credibility amongst ex-members and other "racial-nationalists", many of whom had been attacked physically or slandered by Saleam. Saleam is often said by rivals on the racial right to be of part [[Lebanon|Lebanese]] origin, an allegation which he has denied on many occasions. The violent background of Brander, convicted and fined $3000 for assaulting an Asian opponent with a flagpole in [[1995]], [http://home.mira.net/~sp/magazine/feb97/fawkner.htm] caused renewed controversy in [[2005]] when Brander's work was published in the government-funded monthly magazine ''[[Quadrant (magazine)|Quadrant]]''. Brander's appearance there was denounced by federal [[Australian Labor Party|Labor]] parliamentarian [[Michael Danby]] (Danby's condemnation was quoted by ''[[Australian Jewish News]]'' on March 18, 2005 and by ''[[The American Conservative]]'' on June 5, 2006). Meanwhile Saleam has published online his doctoral thesis [http://home.alphalink.com.au/~radnat/otherradicalism/], an elaborate coverage of the alliances and enmities within extreme-rightist Australian movements over recent decades.
According to [[Shoku Nihongi]], [[Emperor Temmu]] requested the introduction of a strict political system, [[Ritsuryo]], based on that of [[Tang Dynasty|Tang dynasty China]]. Two of the 19 members of the committee drafting the [[Taiho Code]] were Chinese priests while none were from Korean immigrant families.[http://applepig.idv.tw/kuon/furu/text/syokki/syokki01.htm#skk01_06][http://www.j-texts.com/jodai/shoku1.html] Their names are Shoku-Shugen and Satsu-Koukaku. They took an active part as a Chinese specialist, and received the reward of two times from the [[Empress Jito]]. the system of local administrative districts and the tribute tax were both based on Chinese models. Though ''Ritsu'' (Criminal law) was adopted from the Chinese system, ''Ryō'' (system of local administrative districts and the tribute tax) was arranged in a native Japanese way.
However, Korean influence on Japanese laws is also attributed to the fact that Korean immigrants were on committees that drew up law codes. Eight of the 19 members of the committee drafting the Taiho Code were from Korean immigrant families while none were from China proper. Further, idea of local administrative districts and the tribute tax are based on Korean models. <ref>http://books.google.com/books?ie=UTF-8&vid=ISBN0824820304&id=dCNioYQ1HfsC&vq=yamato+paekche&dq=kofun+tumuli+korea&lpg=PA104&pg=PA105&sig=3Me7_8p9Tdh1KAYJFUpG7L-Q8ho</ref>.-->
==Kofun society==
[[Image:KofunHorseCharriots.JPG|thumb|left|230px|Horse chariots during the Kofun period. Detail of bronze mirror (5th-6th century). Eta-Funayama Tumulus, Kumamoto. [[Tokyo National Museum]].]]
===Torai-Jin===
[[Han Chinese|Chinese]] and [[Koreans|Korean]] immigrants who naturalized in ancient Japan were called "Torai-Jin" (渡来人). They introduced many aspects of [[Chinese culture]] to Japan; valuing their knowledge and culture, the Yamato government gave preferential treatment to Torai-Jins.
===Chinese migration===
Many important figures were also immigrants from [[China]]. Chinese immigrants also had considerable influence according to the Shinsen-Joujouroku (新撰姓氏録),<ref>{{cite web| url=http://homepage1.nifty.com/k-kitagawa/data/shoji.html| title="Shinsen-shōjiroku" shizoku ichiran 『新撰姓氏録』氏族一覧|publisher=transcribed by Kazuhide Kitagawa|accessdate=2006-05-31}}</ref> which was used as a directory of aristocrats. Yamato Imperial Court had officially edited the directory in 815, and 163 Chinese clans were registered.
According to [[Nihongi]], The [[Hata tribe|Hata clan]] hich was composed of descendants of [[Qin Shi Huang]]<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.myj7000.jp-biz.net/clan/03/03001.htm| title=Nihon no myōji 7000 ketsu seishi ruibetsu taikan Hata uji 日本の苗字7000傑 姓氏類別大観 秦氏| accessdate=2006-05-31}}</ref> arrived at Yamato in 403 (the fourteenth year of Oujin) leading the people of 120 provinces. According to the Shinsen-Shoujiroku, the Hata Clan were dispersed in various provinces during the reign of [[Emperor Nintoku]] and let undertake sericulture and the manufacturing of silk for the court. When the [[finance ministry]] was set up in Yamato Court, Hata Otsuchichi (''秦大津父'') was in charge of accounts as a minister of it.
In 409 (twentieth year of Oujin), [[Achi-no-Omi]] ancestor of the [[Yamato-Aya clan]] which was composed of also arrived with the people of 17 districts. According to the Shinsen-Shoujiroku, Achi obtained the permission to establish the Province of Imaki. The Kawachi-no-Fumi clan , descendants of [[Gaozu of Han]], introduced aspects of Chinese writing to the Yamato court.
The [[Takamoku clan]] is a descendant of [[Cao Cao]]. [[Takamuko-no-Kuromaro]] was a center member of [[Taika Reform]].<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.myj7000.jp-biz.net/clan/03/03008.htm| title=Nihon no myōji 7000 ketsu seishi ruibetsu taikan Takamuko uji 日本の苗字7000傑 姓氏類別大観 高向氏| accessdate=2006-10-15}}</ref>
===Korean migration===
Among the many Korean imigrants who settled in Japan beginning in the 4th century, some came to be the progenitors of Japanese clans. According to [[Nihongi]], the oldest record of [[Silla]] immigrant is [[Amenohiboko]], a legendary prince of [[Silla]] who settled to Japan at the era of [[Emperor Suinin]], perhaps around 3rd or 4th century. Ironically, Amenohiboko is described in Nihongi as a maternal ancestor of [[Jingu of Japan|Empress Jingū]] whose controversial legend says that she conquered Silla. On the other hand, Korean immigrants also include the [[Baekje]] royal family. [[King Muryeong of Baekje]] was born in Japan in 462, and left a son who settled there. In [[Emperor Ojin]]'s reign, [[Geunchogo of Baekje]] dedicated a lot of treasures and scholars to the Japanese emperor.<ref>[[Nihonshoki]] Episode of Ojin 16 - 百濟國主照古王 以牡馬壹疋 牝馬壹疋 付阿知吉師以貢上</ref> The elements of Chinese culture introduced to Yamato Imperial Court are very important.<ref>{{cite book| url=http://books.google.com/books?ie=UTF-8&vid=ISBN0521223547&id=tZCsr49JQJgC&dq=paekche+nihon+shoki&lpg=PA309&pg=PA311&sig=ppi4zQ4FrtTOCq8ZMLeLbZuiyoU| title=The Cambridge History of Japan| editor=Kozo Yamamura | id=ISBN 0-521-22354-7| publisher=Cambridge University Press| pages=311}}</ref>
===Language===
{{main|Japanese language}}
Chinese, Korean and Japanese wrote accounts of history mostly in Chinese characters, making original pronunciations difficult to trace.
While writing was largely unknown to the indigenous Japanese of this period, the literary skills of foreigners seem to have increasingly become
appreciated by the elites of some Japanese regions. The Inariyama sword, made in either China (tentatively dated 471 or 531) contains Chinese-character inscriptions in styles used in China,
leading to speculation that the owner, though claiming to be a Japanese aristocrat,
might possibly actually have been an immigrant.<ref>Character written in Inariyama sword -
辛亥年七月中記、乎獲居臣、上祖名意富比垝、其児多加利足尼、其児名弖已加利獲居、其児名多加披次獲居、其児名多沙鬼獲居、其児名半弖比 / 其児名加差披余、其児名乎獲居臣、世々為杖刀人首、奉事来至今、獲加多支鹵大王寺在斯鬼宮時、吾左治天下、令作此百練利刀、記吾奉事根原也</ref>
===Introduction of equine culture to Japan===
[[Image:HaniwaHorse.JPG|thumb|left|180px|Haniwa horse statuette, complete with [[horse tack|saddle]] and [[stirrup]]s, 6th century.]]Chinese chronicles make note that the horse was absent on the islands of Japan and they are first noted in the chronicles during the reign of [[Nintoku]], most likely brought by China and Korean immigrants. The horse is one of the treasures presented when the king of Silla surrenders to [[Jingu of Japan]] according to the record of [[Nihonshoki]].<ref name="Episode of Jingu of Japan in Nihon Shoki">,[[Nihon Shoki]]: Episode of Jingu of Japan:''從今以後,長與乾坤,伏為飼部.其不乾船柂而春秋獻馬梳及馬鞭.復不煩海遠以每年貢男女之調'',''非東日更出西,且除阿利那禮河返以之逆流,及河石昇為星辰,而殊闕春秋之朝,怠廢梳、鞭之貢,天神地祇共討焉''</ref> [[Irrigation]], [[sericulture]], and [[weaving]] were also brought to Japan by China and Korean immigrants who are mentioned in the ancient Japanese histories. For instance, Chinese immigrant's Hata clan told Japan the sericulture.
The [[cavalry]] wore armour, carried [[sword]]s and other weapons, and used advanced military methods like those of north-east Asia. Evidence of these advances is seen in funerary figures (called ''[[haniwa]]''; literally, clay rings), found in thousands of ''kofun'' scattered throughout Japan. The most important of the ''[[haniwa]]'' were found in southern [[Honshū]]—especially the [[Kansai|Kinai region]] around [[Nara prefecture|Nara]]—and northern [[Kyūshū]]. ''Haniwa'' grave offerings were made in numerous forms, such as horses, chickens, birds, fans, fish, houses, weapons, shields, sunshades, pillows, and male and female humans. Another funerary piece, the [[magatama]], became one of the symbols of the power of the imperial house. Much of the [[material culture]] of the Kofun period is barely distinguishable from that of the contemporaneous southern Korean peninsula, demonstrating that at this time Japan was in close political and economic contact with continental Asia (especially with the southern dynasties of China) through Korea. Indeed, bronze mirrors cast from the same mould have been found on both sides of the [[Tsushima Strait]].
==Towards Asuka period==
Kofun period changed into [[Asuka period]] in mid-6th century CE by the introduction of Buddhism. The religion was officially introduced at the year 538 by [[Seong of Baekje|King Seong]] of [[Baekje]], and this year is traditionally set for the epoch of the new period. Also, after the reunification of China by Sui Dynasty later in this century, Japan was deeply influenced by Chinese culture and consequently entered into a new cultural era.
==Relation of Yamato court and Korean peninsula==
According to the [[Book of Song]]. A Chinese emperor appointed [[five kings of Wa]] to the ruler of [[Baekje]] and [[Silla]] in [[421]].<ref>''[[Book of Song]]'' [http://www.hoolulu.com/zh/25shi/06songshu/t-097.htm] </ref>
Japan of the Kofun period was very positive towards the introduction of [[Chinese culture]]. [http://books.google.com/books?vid=ISBN0824818520&id=HpgcaKpnuU0C&pg=PA224&lpg=PA224&dq=kofun+korea&sig=MmzEJQoxe4IhzXF84FJdghFxG8E]. Chinese and Korean immigrants played an important role in introducing [[Chinese civilization]] to early Japan.[http://books.google.com/books?vid=ISBN0395652375&id=MziRd4ddZz4C&pg=PA56&lpg=PA56&dq=Kofun+%22chinese+civilization%22&sig=TydOlwxfqIlQOnvU-zdOE0IXHoQ]. Not only are there many material objects from China via Korean peninsula that were exported to Japan such as bronze mirrors, iron, and pottery.
[[Image:IshibutaiWithFigureSmallVersion2.jpg|thumb|150px|A late kofun, earthen covering gone.]]
The special burial customs of the Goguryeo culture had an important influence on other cultures in Japan.<ref>{{cite web| url=http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1091| title= Complex of Koguryo Tombs| publisher=UNESCO World Heritage Centre| accessdate=2006-05-31}}</ref> Decorated tombs and painted tumuli which date from the fifth century and later found in Japan are generally accepted as Korean peninsula exports to Japan. The [[Takamatsuzuka Tomb]] even has paintings of woman dressed in distinctive Clothes written in wall painting of Goguryeo and [[Tang Dynasty]].<ref>{{cite book| url=http://books.google.com/books?ie=UTF-8&vid=ISBN0824820304&id=dCNioYQ1HfsC&dq=kofun+tumuli+korea&lpg=PA95&pg=PA95&sig=pklpAbfrrspwFUtncGBqMy1dks0| title=Sacred Texts and Buried Treasures: Issues on the Historical Archaeology of Ancient Japan| pages=95}}</ref> <Ref>MSN Encalta
http://jp.encarta.msn.com/media_262538992_761577854_-1_1/content.html</ref> And, the astronomy figure of China was being written.
===Chinese and Korean records===
According to the [[Book of Song]], of the [[Liu Song Dynasty]],
the Chinese emperor appointed his king of Yamato to also be ruler of [[Silla]], [[Baekje]], and the [[Gaya confederacy]].<ref name="song">Chinese History Record [[Book of Song]] : 宋書 列傳第五十七 夷蠻 : 詔除武使持節、都督倭新羅任那加羅秦韓慕韓六國諸軍事、安東大將軍、倭王。興死，弟武立，自稱使持節、都督倭百濟新羅任那加羅秦韓慕韓七國諸軍事、安東大將軍、倭國王 [http://www.xysa.net/a200/h350/06songshu/t-097.htm][http://ef.cdpa.nsysu.edu.tw/ccw/02/ns11.htm]</ref> According to the [[Book of Sui]], [[Silla]] and [[Baekje]] needed the power of Yamato Japan.<ref name="sui">Chinese History Record [[Book of Sui]] : 隋書 東夷伝 第81巻列伝46 : 新羅、百濟皆以倭為大國，多珍物，並敬仰之，恆通使往來 [http://www.guoxue.com/shibu/24shi/suisu/sui_081.htm][http://www.chinakyl.com/rbbook/big5/25/suishu/suis81.html]</ref> According to the [[Samguk Sagi]] (Chronicles of the Three Kingdoms), [[Baekje]] and [[Silla]] sent their princes as [[hostage#Historical hostage practices|hostage]]s to the Yamato court to ensure military support; King [[Asin of Baekje]] sent his son [[Jeonji of Baekje|Jeonji]] in 397<ref name="shiragi">Korean History Record [[Samguk Sagi]] : 三國史記 新羅本紀 : 元年 三月 與倭國通好 以奈勿王子未斯欣爲質 [http://www.koreandb.net/Sam/bon/samkuk/04_030_2000277.htm]</ref> and King [[Silseong of Silla]] sent his son [[Misaheun]] in 402.<ref name="kudara">Korean History Record [[Samguk Sagi]] : 三國史記 百済本紀 : 六年 夏五月 王與倭國結好 以太子腆支爲質 秋七月 大閱於漢水之南 [http://www.koreandb.net/Sam/bon/samkuk/04_250_2001365.htm]</ref>
==See also==
{{commons|Category:Kofun}}
*[[History of Japan]]
*[[Tumulus]]
*[[Kuni no miyatsuko]]
*[[Kumaso]]
*[[Seven-Branched Sword|Shichishito of Isonokami Shirine]]
*[[Gwanggaeto Stele]]
*[[Five kings of Wa]]
== References ==
*{{loc}} - [http://lcweb2.loc.gov/frd/cs/jptoc.html Japan]
==Notes==
<references/>
National Action co-founder David Greason's book, ''I was a Teenage Fascist'', tells of Greason's own time within the Australian neo-Nazi movement and the events behind the founding of National Action.
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''This period is part of the [[Yamato period]] of [[History of Japan|Japanese History]].''
==References==
< [[Yayoi]] | [[History of Japan]] | [[Asuka period]] >
*[http://www.aijac.org.au/review/2002/2711/jack-jim.html?oneclick=true "The Tale of Jack and Jim"], by Matthew Collins, ''The Review'', November 2002. (Hostile account of Saleam, Brander, and others involved in NA.)
</div>
{{Politics of Australia}}
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