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=== [[Korean War]] ===
{{Infobox_Scientist
I have been editing this article for a few days. I ran down through the article and fixed any grammer mistakes I could find. I would appreciate any suggestions on what to do and how I can really improve it further. Thanks a lot. [[User:Mr. Killigan|Mr. Killigan]] 06:17, 12 July 2007 (UTC)
| name = Marvin Lee Minsky
| image = Marvin_Minsky.jpg
| image_width = 150px
| caption = Marvin Minsky in 2002
| birth_date = [[August 9]], [[1927]]
| birth_place = [[New York City]]
| death_date =
| death_place =
| residence = [[Image:Flag_of_the_United_States.svg|20px|]] [[United States|USA]]
| citizenship =
| nationality = [[Image:Flag_of_the_United_States.svg|20px|]] [[United States|American]]
| ethnicity =
| field = [[Cognitive Science]]
| work_institution = [[Massachusetts Institute of Technology|MIT]]
| alma_mater = [[Harvard University]]</br>[[Princeton University]]
| doctoral_advisor = [[Albert W. Tucker]]
| doctoral_students = [[Danny Bobrow]]</br>[[Manuel Blum]]</br>[[Carl Hewitt]]</br>[[Danny Hillis]]</br>[[Joel Moses]]</br>[[Push Singh]]</br>[[Gerald Jay Sussman]]</br>[[Ivan Sutherland]]</br>[[Terry Winograd]]</br>[[Patrick Winston]]
| known_for = [[Artificial intelligence]]
| author_abbreviation_bot =
| author_abbreviation_zoo =
| prizes = [[Turing Award]] (1969)</br>[[Japan Prize]] (1990)</br>[[IJCAI Award for Research Excellence]] (1991)</br>[[Benjamin Franklin Medal (Franklin Institute)|Benjamin Franklin Medal]] (2001)
| religion =
| footnotes =
}}
'''Marvin Lee Minsky''' (born [[August 9]], [[1927]]) is an [[United States|American]] [[Cognitive Science|cognitive scientist]] in the field of [[artificial intelligence]] (AI), co-founder of [[Massachusetts Institute of Technology|MIT]]'s AI laboratory, and author of several texts on AI and [[philosophy]].
==== Kirill Lokshin ====
==Biography==
Marvin Minsky was born in [[New York City]], where he attended [[The Fieldston School]] and the [[Bronx High School of Science]]. He later attended [[Phillips Academy]] in [[Andover, Massachusetts]]. He served in the [[United States Navy|US Navy]] from 1944 to 1945. He holds a BA in Mathematics from [[Harvard University|Harvard]] (1950) and a PhD in the same field from [[Princeton University|Princeton]] (1954). He has been on the MIT faculty since 1958. He is currently Toshiba Professor of [[Media Arts]] and Sciences, and Professor of [[electrical engineering]] and [[computer science]].
There are a number of areas to work on, at this point; keep in mind, though, that this is a very high-profile article, so you should be careful to move slowly and carefully to avoid getting entangled in any editorial conflicts here.
Minsky won the [[Turing Award]] in 1969, the [[Japan Prize]] in 1990, the [[IJCAI Award for Research Excellence]] in 1991, and the [[Benjamin Franklin Medal (Franklin Institute)|Benjamin Franklin Medal]] from the [[Franklin Institute]] in 2001.
* <s>The article is, in my opinion, simply too long; we're looking at 72K (~12,000 words) of prose. The "Legacy" section, in particular, is ripe for splitting out into a separate [[Legacy of the Korean War]] article, with a much shorter summary left in the main one.</s>
* <s>"Korean War (1950 – 1953)" should really be something like "Course of the war"; you probably don't want to repeat the article title as a section heading.</s>
* The citations need cleanup; at a minimum, all of the embedded external links should be converted to footnotes. There are also a number of "citation needed" tags floating around. Beyond that, more thorough citation would be appropriate throughout the article; see [[WP:MILHIST#CITE]] for some guidelines.
* <s>The "Depictions" section should be turned into prose, rather than a laundry list of films; see also [[WP:MILHIST#POP]].</s>
* <s>The "Names" section, as it's presently constituted, would work much better as a narrow sidebar; it's of some interest, but I doubt there's enough material to sustain a separate section.</s>
* <s>The "See also" section should be eliminated. If something isn't worth linking from the text, it's generally not worth linking at all. </s>
* <s>The rump "Bibliography" section should be removed as well.</s>
* The "External links" section could use trimming.
Hope that helps! [[User:Kirill Lokshin|Kirill]] 04:08, 13 July 2007 (UTC)<s>cool</s>
::Thank you very much for offering your opinion! [[User:Mr. Killigan|Mr. Killigan]] 00:57, 14 July 2007 (UTC)
Minsky's [[patent]]s include the first head-mounted graphical display (1963) and the confocal scanning microscope (1961, a predecessor to today's widely used [[confocal laser scanning microscope]]). He developed with [[Seymour Papert]] the first [[Logo programming language|Logo]] "turtle". Minsky also built, in [[1951]], the first randomly wired neural network learning machine, [[SNARC]].
Minsky wrote the book ''[[Perceptron]]s'' (with Seymour A. Papert), which became the foundational work in the analysis of [[artificial neural network]]s. Its criticism of unrigorous research in the field has been claimed as being responsible for the virtual disappearance of artificial neural networks from academic research in the 1970s.
<blockquote> So it was claimed--but actually our mathematical analysis was to show why bigger perceptrons didn't get better at solving hard problems. And contrary to a popular rumor, almost all our theorems still apply to multilayer
feedforward neural networks. But curiously, no one seems to have proved this, and Papert and I went on to other subjects . -- Marvin Minsky{{Fact|date=February 2007}}
</blockquote>
Minsky was an adviser<ref>For more, see this interview, http://mitpress.mit.edu/e-books/Hal/chap2/two3.html</ref> on the movie [[2001: A Space Odyssey (film)|2001: A Space Odyssey]] and is referred to in the movie and book.
:"Probably no one would ever know this; it did not matter. In the 1980s, Minsky and Good had shown how neural networks could be generated automatically—self replicated—-in accordance with any arbitrary learning program. Artificial brains could be grown by a process strikingly analogous to the development of a human brain. In any given case, the precise details would never be known, and even if they were, they would be millions of times too complex for human understanding."<ref>Clarke, Arthur C.: "2001: A Space Odyssey"</ref>
In the early 1970s at the MIT Artificial Intelligence Lab, Minsky and Seymour Papert started developing what came to be called [[The Society of Mind]] theory. The theory attempts to explain how what we call intelligence could be a product of the interaction of non-intelligent parts. Minsky says that the biggest source of ideas about the theory came from his work in trying to create a machine that uses a robotic arm, a video camera, and a computer to build with children's blocks. In 1986 Minsky published a comprehensive book on the theory which, unlike most of his previously published work, was written for a general audience.
In November 2006, Minsky published [[The Emotion Machine]], a book that critiques many popular theories of how human minds work and suggests alternative theories, often replacing simple ideas with more complex ones. Recent drafts of the book are freely available from his webpage<ref>http://web.media.mit.edu/~minsky</ref>.
==Affiliations==
Marvin Minsky is affiliated with the following organizations:
* [[United States National Academy of Engineering]]
* [[United States National Academy of Sciences]]
* [[Extropy Institute]]'s Council of Advisors<ref>http://www.extropy.org/directors.htm</ref>
* [[Alcor Life Extension Foundation]]'s Scientific Advisory Board<ref>http://www.alcor.org/AboutAlcor/meetsciadvboard.html</ref>
Minsky is a critic of the [[Loebner Prize]].<ref>http://loebner.net/Prizef/minsky.html</ref> <ref>http://archive.salon.com/tech/feature/2003/02/26/loebner_part_one/index4.html</ref>
==Trivia==
*Minsky is a childhood friend of the [[Yale University]] critic [[Harold Bloom]], who has referred to him as "the sinister Marvin Minsky."
*[[Isaac Asimov]] has described Minsky as one of two people he has ever met who were flat out smarter than himself, the other being [[Carl Sagan]]. [[Patrick Winston]] has also described Minsky as the smartest person he has ever met.
*Minsky is an actor in an artificial intelligence [[hacker koan|koan]] (attributed to his student, [[Danny Hillis]]) from the [[Jargon file]]:
::In the days when [[Gerald Jay Sussman|Sussman]] was a novice, Minsky once came to him as he sat hacking at the [[PDP-6]].
::"What are you doing?" asked Minsky.
::"I am training a randomly wired [[neural net]] to play [[Tic-tac-toe]]," Sussman replied.
::"Why is the net wired randomly?", asked Minsky.
::"I do not want it to have any preconceptions of how to play," Sussman said.
::Minsky then shut his eyes.
::"Why do you close your eyes?" Sussman asked his teacher.
::"So that the room will be empty."
::At that moment, Sussman was enlightened.
<blockquote>
What I actually said was, "If you wire it randomly, it will still have preconceptions of how to play. But you just won't know what those preconceptions are." -- Marvin Minsky
</blockquote>
==Selected works==
*''Neural Nets and the Brain Model Problem'', Ph.D. dissertation, Princeton University, 1954. The first publication of theories and theorems about learning in neural networks, secondary reinforcement, circulating dynamic storage and synaptic modifications.
*''Computation: Finite and Infinite Machines'', Prentice-Hall, 1967. A standard text in computer science. Out of print now, but soon to reappear.
*''Semantic Information Processing'', MIT Press, 1968. This collection had a strong influence on modern computational linguistics.
*''Perceptrons'', with [[Seymour Papert]], MIT Press, 1969 (Enlarged edition, 1988).
*''Artificial Intelligence'', with Seymour Papert, Univ. of Oregon Press, 1972. [[Out-of-print book|Out of print]].
* [http://web.media.mit.edu/~minsky/papers/AlienIntelligence.html Communication with Alien Intelligence], 1985
*''Robotics'', Doubleday, 1986. Edited collection of essays about robotics, with Introduction and Postscript by Minsky.
*''[[The Society of Mind]]'', Simon and Schuster, 1987. The first comprehensive description of the Society of Mind theory of intellectual structure and development. See also ''The Society of Mind (CD-ROM version)'', Voyager, 1996.
*''The Turing Option'', with [[Harry Harrison]], Warner Books, New York, 1992. Science fiction thriller about the construction of a superintelligent robot in the year [[2023]].
* ''The Emotion Machine'' [http://www.simonsays.com/content/book.cfm?pid=510225], Simon and Schuster, November 2006. ISBN 0-7432-7663-9
==References==
*http://web.media.mit.edu/~minsky/
{{Reflist}}
==See also==
* [[Carl Hewitt]]
* [[Gerry Sussman]]
* [[John McCarthy (computer scientist)|John McCarthy]]
* [[Terry Winograd]]
*[[Richard Stallman]]
* [[Transhumanism]]
==External links==
{{wikiquote}}
* [http://web.media.mit.edu/~minsky/ Marvin Minsky's home page]
* [http://mitpress.mit.edu/e-books/Hal/chap2/two1.html Scientist on the Set: An Interview with Marvin Minsky]
* [http://www.edge.org/3rd_culture/minsky/ Consciousness Is A Big Suitcase: A talk with Marvin Minsky]
* [http://necsi.org/events/iccs/video/iccs2002wednesday/5-minskyclip.html Video of Minsky speaking at the International Conference on Complex Systems, hosted by the New England Complex Systems Institute (NECSI)]
* [http://www.edge.org/video/dsl/EF02_minsky.html "The Emotion Universe": Video with Marvin Minsky]
* [http://genealogy.math.ndsu.nodak.edu/html/id.phtml?id=6869&fChrono=1 Marvin Minsky] at the [[Mathematics Genealogy Project]]
{{Turing award}}
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