Harold Spender: differenze tra le versioni

Versione delle 07:01, 23 ott 2025

Versione attuale delle 13:14, 26 ott 2025

(116 versioni intermedie di un altro utente non mostrate)

Riga 18:

|GiornoMeseNascita = 22 giugno

|AnnoNascita = 1864

|NoteNascita = <ref>{{Cita web|lingua=en|url=https://prabook.com/web/e.harold.spender/1393382|titolo=E. Harold Spender|sito=prabook.com/web|editore=Prabook|accesso=23 ottobre 2025}}</ref>

|NoteNascita =

|LuogoMorte = Londra

|LuogoMorteLink =

|LuogoMorteAlt =

|GiornoMeseMorte = 15 aprile

|AnnoMorte = 1926

|NoteMorte = <ref>{{Cita web|lingua=en|url=https://it.findagrave.com/memorial/126095611/edward_harold-spender|titolo=Edward Harold Spender (1864-1926)|sito=it.findagrave.com|accesso=2025-10-23}}</ref>

|NoteMorte =

|Floruit =

|Epoca = 1800

Riga 43:

|Didascalia = Nella rivista ''The Sketch'', 1 gennaio 1896

|Didascalia2 =

|DimImmagine = 300

}}

[[File:Bergensbanen km302 Finse 002 1915 NF.W15998 (cropped).jpg|thumb|[[Finse]], inverno 1913/14: il politico britannico Harold Spender sperimentò la slitta trainata dalle renne.|300px]]

==Biografia==

<ref>{{Cita web|lingua=en|url=https://prabook.com/web/e.harold.spender/1393382|titolo=E. Harold Spender|sito=prabook.com/web|editore=Prabook|accesso=23 ottobre 2025}}</ref>

Era figlio del dottor John Kent Spender e di sua moglie Lillian Spender e John Alfred Spender era suo fratello. Ha studiato al Bath College, dove è stato responsabile della classe dal 1882 al 1883. Borsista dell'[[University College (Oxford)|University College di Oxford]]. Primo in [[Mod (subcultura)|Mods]]. 1884; primo in [[Discipline umanistiche|Lettere e Filosofia]] 1887; [[Master of Arts|MA]]. Harold era amico di [[David Lloyd George]], con cui faceva escursioni e viaggiava in Germania. Nel 1904 sposò Violet Hilda Schuster. Ebbero tre figli, [[Michael Spender|Michael]], [[Stephen Spender|Stephen]], [[Humphrey Spender|Humphrey]], e una figlia, Christine. Sua moglie morì nel 1921.<ref>{{Cita web|lingua=en|url=https://www.ukwhoswho.com/view/article/oupww/whowaswho/U203200,|titolo=Spender, E. Harold|sito=www.ukwhoswho.com|accesso=2025-10-23}}</ref> Dopo la sua morte, Stephen e Christine furono cresciuti a [[Hampstead]] da una governante.

== Carriera professionale ==

'''Edward Harold Spender''' (22 June 1864 – 15 April 1926) was a British [[Liberal Party (UK)|Liberal Party]] politician, author, journalist and lecturer.

Ha lavorato per l{{'}}''Echo'' dal 1887 al 1889. È stato docente per l'Oxford University Extension Delegacy dal 1889 al 1892. Collaborò con il ''[[Pall Mall Gazette]]'' dal 1891 al 1893, con il ''Westminster Gazette'' dal 1893 al 1895, con il ''Daily Chronicle'' dal 1895 al 1899, con il [[The Guardian|Manchester Guardian]] dal 1899 al 1900 e con il ''[[The Daily News (Regno Unito)|Daily News]]'' dal 1900 al 1914. Durante la guerra si dedicò alla propaganda per il risparmio bellico, al volontariato e ad altre attività legate alla guerra dal 1914 al 1918.

== Carriera politica ==

==Background==

È stato candidato liberale per la divisione di [[Bath]] del [[Somerset]] alle [[Elezioni generali nel Regno Unito del 1922|elezioni generali del 1922]].

He was the son of Dr John Kent Spender and his wife [[Lillian Spender]], and [[John Alfred Spender]] was his brother. He was educated at [[Bath College (English public school)|Bath College]] where he was [[Head Boy]] from 1882 to 1883. Exhibitioner of [[University College, Oxford]]. 1st in Mods. 1884; 1st. in Lit. Hum. 1887; MA. Harold was a friend of [[David Lloyd George]], with whom he went hiking, and travelled to Germany. He married, in 1904, Violet Hilda Schuster. They had three sons, [[Michael Spender|Michael]], [[Stephen Spender|Stephen]], [[Humphrey Spender|Humphrey]] and one daughter, Christine. His wife died in 1921.<ref>"Spender, E. Harold", Who Was Who, A & C Black, an imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing plc, 1920–2007; online edn, Oxford University Press, Dec 2007 [http://www.ukwhoswho.com/view/article/oupww/whowaswho/U203200, accessed 29 Dec 2013]</ref> After his death Stephen and Christine were raised in [[Hampstead]] by a governess.

Inoltre è stato candidato liberale per la [[circoscrizione]] di Bath nel Somerset alle elezioni generali del 1922.

==Professional career==

{| class="wikitable"

He was on the staff of the ''[[The Echo (London)|Echo]]'' from 1887 to 1889. He was Lecturer for Oxford University Extension Delegacy from 1889 to 1892. He was on the staff of the ''[[Pall Mall Gazette]]'' from 1891 to 1893, the ''[[Westminster Gazette]]'' from 1893 to 1895, the ''[[Daily Chronicle (United Kingdom)|Daily Chronicle]]'' from 1895 to 1899, the ''[[Manchester Guardian]]'' from 1899 to 1900 and the ''[[The Daily News (UK)|Daily News]]'' from 1900 to 1914. During the war he gave himself up to war savings propaganda, volunteering, and other war activities from 1914 to 1918.

|+[[Elezioni generali nel Regno Unito del 1922|Elezioni generali del 15 novembre 1922: elettorato di Bath 33.023]]<ref>{{En}}''British Parliamentary Election Results 1918-1949'', Craig, F.W.S.</ref>

! colspan="2" |Partito

!Candidato

!Voti

!%

!Variazione %

|-

| bgcolor="0000FF" |

|Unionisti

|Charles Talbot Foxcroft

| align="right" |13,666

| align="right" |50.2%

| align="right" |{{Aumento}} 24.6%

|-

| bgcolor="FFFF00" |

|Liberali

|'''Edward Harold Spender'''

| align="right" |{{spazi|28}}8,699

| align="right" |32.0%

| align="right" |n/a

|-

| bgcolor="red" |

|Laburisti

|Herbert Henry Elvin

| align="right" |{{spazi|28}}4,849

| align="right" |17.8%

| align="right" |{{Diminuzione}} 7,4%

|-

|colspan="3" |

| align="right" | Maggioranza

| align="right" |

| align="right" |

|-

| colspan="3" |

| align="right" |Affluenza

| align="right" |82.4%

| align="right" |

|-

| bgcolor="0000FF" |

| colspan="2" |Gli unionisti '''resistono'''

| align="right" |

| align="right" |Oscillazione

| align="right" |

|}

==Political careerFamiglia ==

È stato sposato con Violet Hilda Schuster (1878–1921), figlia di Ernest Joseph Schuster (1850–1924), avvocato, e di sua moglie Hilda Weber, figlia di [[Hermann David Weber|Sir Herman Weber]],<ref>{{cita pubblicazione|autore=Sutherland, John (2004)|titolo="Spender, Sir Stephen Harold (1909–1995), poeta"|rivista=Oxford Dictionary of National Biography|editore=[[Oxford University Press]]|città=(È necessario un abbonamento a Wikipedia Library o l'iscrizione a una biblioteca pubblica del [[Regno Unito]])|lingua=en|doi=10.1093/ref:odnb/57986|id=[[Dictionary of National Biography]] (edizione online)|ISBN=9780198614128}}</ref>un medico di origine tedesca naturalizzato britannico. Tra i figli di Harold e Violet vi erano il poeta [[Stephen Spender|Stephen]], l'esploratore [[Michael Spender|Michael]] e [[Humphrey Spender]], fotoreporter e artista.<ref>{{cita pubblicazione|autore=May, Alex (6 gennaio 2011)|titolo="Spender, (John) Humphrey"|rivista=Oxford Dictionary of National Biography|editore=[[Oxford University Press]]|città=(È necessario un abbonamento a Wikipedia Library o l'iscrizione a una biblioteca pubblica del [[Regno Unito]])|lingua=en|doi=10.1093/ref:odnb/97623|id=[[Dictionary of National Biography]] (edizione online)}}</ref>

He was Liberal candidate for the [[Bath (UK Parliament constituency)|Bath]] Division of [[Somerset]] at the 1922 General Election.

{{Election box begin | title=[[1922 United Kingdom general election|General Election 15 November 1922]]: Bath<ref>''British Parliamentary Election Results 1918-1949'', [[Craig, F.W.S.]]</ref>

Electorate 33,023}}

{{Election box candidate with party link|

|party = Unionist Party (UK)

|candidate =[[Charles Talbot Foxcroft]]

|votes =13,666

|percentage =50.2

|change =-24.6

}}

{{Election box candidate with party link|

|party = Liberal Party (UK)

|candidate ='''Edward Harold Spender'''

|votes =8,699

|percentage =32.0

|change =n/a

}}

{{Election box candidate with party link|

|party = Labour Party (UK)

|candidate =[[Herbert Henry Elvin]]

|votes =4,849

|percentage =17.8

|change =-7.4

}}

{{Election box majority|

|votes =

|percentage =

|change =

}}

{{Election box turnout|

|votes =

|percentage =82.4

|change =

}}

{{Election box hold with party link|

|winner = Unionist Party (UK)

|swing =

}}

{{Election box end}}

==Family==

He married Violet Hilda Schuster (1878–1921), daughter of Ernest Joseph Schuster (1850–1924), barrister, and his wife, Hilda Weber, daughter of [[Hermann David Weber|Sir Herman Weber]],<ref>{{Cite ODNB|doi = 10.1093/ref:odnb/57986|chapter = Spender, Sir Stephen Harold (1909–1995), poet|title = Oxford Dictionary of National Biography|year = 2004|last1 = Sutherland|first1 = John|isbn = 9780198614128}}</ref> a German-born doctor who became a naturalised British subject. Harold and Violet's children included the poet [[Stephen Spender|Stephen]], the explorer [[Michael Spender|Michael]], and [[Humphrey Spender]], a photojournalist and artist.<ref>{{Cite ODNB|id=97623|title=Spender, (John) Humphrey|first = Alex|last = May|date = 6 January 2011}}</ref>

==Publications Pubblicazioni ==

*''Story of the Home Rule Session'', 1893

*''At the Sign of the Guillotine'', 1895

Riga 116 ⟶ 122:

*''Men and Mansions'', 1924

*''The Cauldron of Europe'', 1925

Ha pubblicato tre biografie:

He published three biographies:

*''[[Herbert Henry Asquith]]'', 1915

*''[[Louis Botha|General Botha]]'', 1916

*''[[David Lloyd George]]'', 1920

== Note ==

<references/>

==Altri progetti==

{{interprogetto}}

== Collegamenti esterni ==

* {{Collegamenti esterni}}

* {{Gutenberg author autore| id=9033| namenome=Harold Spender|accesso=23 ottobre 2025}}

* {{cita web|titolo=Opere di Harold Spender|url=https://archive.org/search.php?query=%28%28subject%3A%22Spender%2C%20Harold%22%20OR%20subject%3A%22Harold%20Spender%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Spender%2C%20Harold%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Harold%20Spender%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Spender%2C%20H%2E%22%20OR%20title%3A%22Harold%20Spender%22%20OR%20description%3A%22Spender%2C%20Harold%22%20OR%20description%3A%22Harold%20Spender%22%29%20OR%20%28%221864-1926%22%20AND%20Spender%29%29%20AND%20%28-mediatype:software%29|sito=Faded Page|editore=([[Canada]])|lingua=en}}

* {{FadedPage|id=Spender, Harold|name=Harold Spender|author=yes}}

* {{cita web|titolo=Opere di o su Harold Spender|url=https://archive.org/search.php?query=%28%28subject%3A%22Spender%2C%20Harold%22%20OR%20subject%3A%22Harold%20Spender%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Spender%2C%20Harold%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Harold%20Spender%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Spender%2C%20H%2E%22%20OR%20title%3A%22Harold%20Spender%22%20OR%20description%3A%22Spender%2C%20Harold%22%20OR%20description%3A%22Harold%20Spender%22%29%20OR%20%28%221864-1926%22%20AND%20Spender%29%29%20AND%20%28-mediatype:software%29|sito=[[Internet Archive]]|lingua=en}}

* {{Internet Archive author |sname=Harold Spender}}

* Portraits{{cita oflibro|titolo=Ritratti Spenderdi atSpender thealla National Portrait Gallery: |url=http://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/person/mp76021/harold-spender|sito=www.npg.org.uk|lingua=en}}

{{Controllo di autorità}}

{{Portale|biografie|architettura|design}}

<!-- {{Tradotto da|en|xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx|dddddddd|nnnnnnnnnnnn}} -->