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:''For other uses of Hackney, see [[Hackney (disambiguation)]]
{{ Infobox London Borough |
name = London Borough of Hackney |
short_name = Hackney |
imagename = Image:LondonHackney.png |
status = [[London borough]] |
area_rank = 349th |
area_km2 = 19.06 |
ons_code = 00AM |
population_rank = 63rd |
population_year = 2003 |
population_total = 208,365 |
population_density = 10,932 |
ethnicity = 59.4% White<br>24.7% [[British Afro-Caribbean community|Afro-Caribbean]]<br>8.6% [[British Asian|South Asian]]<br>1.2% [[British Chinese|Chinese]] |
url = http://www.hackney.gov.uk/ |
leadership = Mayor & Cabinet |
mayor = [[Jules Pipe]] |
executive = [[Labour Party (UK)|Labour]] |
mps = [[Diane Abbott]] <br> [[Meg Hillier]] |
gla_constituency = North East London |
gla_member = [[Jennette Arnold]]
}}
[[Image:hackney_town_hall2.jpg|frame|right|Hackney Town Hall was built in the 1930s for the old
[[Metropolitan Borough of Hackney|Metropolitan Borough]]. (September 2005)]]
[[Image:Arms-hackney-lb.jpg|thumb|200px|Arms of Hackney London Borough Council]]
The '''London Borough of Hackney''' is a [[London borough]] in [[North East London]] and part of [[Inner London]].
Unlike most English districts, its council is led by a [[Mayors in the United Kingdom|directly-elected mayor]].
== Borough of contrasts==
The borough is known for being one of the poorest and crime-affected London boroughs. Despite this perception it is a place of considerable contrasts. The south western tip of the borough is adjacent to the [[City of London|City]] and close to the [[Broadgate]] development. In this area some office development has taken place within the borough boundary.
Also in the south west is [[Hoxton]] and [[Shoreditch]] which are central to the [[London arts scene]] and home to numerous clubs, bars, shops and restaurants, much of which is centered on Hoxton Square.
The development of Shoreditch and Hoxton caused land value to increase in the area such that developers looked to other parts of the borough for development. Much of Hackney is inner-city in character and in places like [[Dalston]] large housing estates now sit side-by-side with [[gated community|gated communities]].
The main commercial and retail centre of Hackney is known as [[Hackney Central]] to distinguish it from the rest of the borough. [[South Hackney]] abuts [[Victoria Park, East London|Victoria Park]] (which is in neighbouring [[London Borough of Tower Hamlets|Tower Hamlets]]) and terraced Victorian and Edwardian housing stock has survived in the area.
To the north of the borough is [[Clapton]], [[Stamford Hill]] and [[Stoke Newington]] which are more suburban in character. To the east is the large open space of the [[Hackney Marshes]] and the districts of [[Hackney Wick]] and [[Homerton]]. There is some declining light industry around the [[River Lea]] (the eastern boundary) and land is planned to be re-used for the [[2012 Summer Olympics]].
== History ==
The borough was formed in [[1965]] from the former [[metropolitan borough]]s of [[Metropolitan Borough of Hackney|Hackney]], [[Metropolitan Borough of Shoreditch|Shoreditch]] and [[Metropolitan Borough of Stoke Newington|Stoke Newington]].
==
The [[United Kingdom Census 2001|2001 census]] gives Hackney a population of 202,824.
The population is ethnically diverse. Of the resident population, 89,490 (44%) people describe themselves as White British. 30,978 (15%) are in other White [[ethnic group]]s, 50,009 (25%) are Black or Black British, 17,414 (9%) are Asian or Asian British, 8,501 (4%) describe themselves as 'Mixed', and 6,432 (3%) as Chinese or Other.
132,931 (66%) of the resident population were born in the UK. A further 10,095 (5%) were born in other parts of [[Europe]], and the remaining 59,798 (29%) born elsewhere in the world.
The 2001 census also shows Christianity is the biggest religion in Hackney, with 94,431 (47%) Christian; 27,908 (14%) Muslim; 10,732 (5%) Jewish; and 6,831 (3%) belong to other religions. A further 38,607 (19%) stated no religion, and 24,315 (12%) did not state a religion.
32% of householders are owner–occupiers.
== Transport==
Hackney is the only inner London borough north of the [[River Thames|Thames]] that has no [[London Underground]] stations other than those on its borders with other boroughs. [[Manor House tube station|Manor House]] is in the extreme north-west of the borough and on the boundary with [[London Borough of Haringey|Haringey]] and [[Old Street tube station|Old Street]] is in the extreme south-west and on the border with [[London Borough of Islington|Islington]].
[[Transport for London]] plan to extend the [[East London Line]] northwards through the borough reusing some of the abandoned line between [[Dalston Junction station|Dalston Junction]] and [[Broad Street station|Broad Street]] with stations at Shoreditch High Street, Hoxton, Haggerston and Dalston Junction. When complete, the line will be handed over to [[Network Rail]] who will run services from Hackney to South London.
The [[Silverlink]] [[North London Line]] and the [[one (railway)|'one' West Anglia]] pass through the borough with the following stations within its boundary:
[[Image:Hackney_sunset.jpg|thumb|right|250px|A busy sunset over Graham Road, [[Hackney Central]] (19 September 2005—3 days before the autumnal equinox)]].
=== North London Line ===
:''stations (west to east)''
* [[Dalston Kingsland railway station]]
* [[Hackney Central railway station]]
* [[Homerton railway station]]
* [[Hackney Wick railway station]]
=== 'one' West Anglia ===
:''stations (north to south)''
* [[Stamford Hill railway station]]
* [[Stoke Newington railway station]]
* [[Rectory Road railway station]]
* [[Clapton railway station]]
* [[Hackney Downs railway station]]
* [[London Fields railway station]]
==
[[Image:hackney_districts.gif|frame|right|Some locations in the borough of Hackney.]]
The borough includes the following areas:
*[[Dalston]]
*[[De Beauvoir Town]]
*[[Hackney Central]]
*[[Hackney Marshes]]
*[[Hackney Wick]]
*[[Haggerston]]
*[[Homerton]]
*[[Hoxton]]
*[[Kingsland, London|Kingsland]]
*[[Lea Bridge]]
*[[London Fields]]
*[[Lower Clapton]]
*[[Shacklewell]]
*[[Shoreditch]]
*[[South Hackney]]
*[[Stamford Hill]]
*[[Stoke Newington]]
*[[Upper Clapton]]
**''see also'' [[Hackney parks and open spaces]]
== Individuals associated with Hackney ==
[[Image:Edmond_Halley.jpg|thumb|right|[[Edmond Halley]]]]
[[Image:Fm_sidmug.jpg|thumb|right|[[Sid Vicious]]]]
Among those who were born in Hackney, or have dwelt within the borders of the modern borough are:
* [[Tony_blair|Tony Blair]] - (British Prime Minister, lived in [[London Fields]] in the early 1980s)
* [[Marc Bolan]] (musician - born in [[Homerton]])
* [[Eric Bristow]] (darts player)
* [[Michael Caine|Sir Michael Caine]] (actor, educated at [[Hackney Downs]] School)
* [[Edith Cavell]] (Nurse executed in [[Belgium]] in [[1915]], worked at St Leonard's Hospital)
* [[Daniel Defoe]] (writer - born in [[Stoke Newington]])
* [[Edmund Gosse|Sir Edmund Gosse]] (poet, author and Critic - lived in [[De Beauvoir Town|De Beauvoir]])
* [[Philip Henry Gosse]] (naturalist - lived in [[De Beauvoir Town|De Beauvoir]])
* [[Edmond Halley]] (astronomer - born in [[Haggerston]])
* [[John_Howard_%28prison_reformer%29|John Howard]] (prison reformer - born and lived in [[Lower Clapton]])
* [[Kray_Twins|Ronald and Reginald Kray]] (gang leaders, born in [[Hoxton]])
* [[Marie Lloyd]] (entertainer - lived in [[Hackney Central]])
* [[Anthony Newley]] (actor, singer - born in [[Homerton]])
* [[James Parkinson]] (physician who researched [[Parkinson's Disease]], lived in [[Hoxton]])
* [[Harold Pinter]] ([[Nobel_Prize_for_Literature|Nobel Prize]]-winning playwright)
* [[Edgar_allen_poe|Edgar Allen Poe]] (writer - educated in [[Stoke Newington]])
* [[Joseph Priestley]] (chemist and philosopher)
* [[Iain Sinclair]] (writer - lives in [[Haggerston]])
* [[Alan Sugar|Sir Alan Sugar]] (businessman)
* [[Jessica Tandy]] (actress, born in Clapton)
* [[Sid Vicious]] (musician)
* [[Isaac Watts]] (theologian, logician, hymnwriter - lived and died in [[Stoke Newington]])
* [[Rachel Whiteread]] (artist, lives and works in [[Dalston]])
* [[Barbara Windsor]] (actress), born in [[Shoreditch]]
* [[Ray Winstone]] (actor)
* [[Mary Wollstonecraft]] (reformer and writer, mother of [[Mary Shelley]], lived early years in [[Hoxton]])
== External links ==
*[http://www.dianeabbott.org.uk/ Diane Abbott] Labour MP for Hackney North and Stoke Newington
*[http://www.meghillier.com/ Meg Hillier] Labour MP for Hackney South & Shoreditch.
*[http://www.sarahludfordmep.org.uk/ Sarah Ludford] MEP for London
*[http://www.hackney.gov.uk/ Hackney Council]
*[http://www.hackney-labour.org.uk/ Hackney Labour Party] Links to Labour Councillors, London Assembly Members and MEPs
*[http://www.hackneyconservatives.com Hackney Conservative Party]
*[http://www.hackneylibdems.org.uk/ Hackney Liberal Democratic Party]
*[http://hackney.greenparty.org.uk/ Hackney Green Party]
*[http://hackneyindependent.org Hackney Independent] Community politics in the London Borough of Hackney.
*[http://www.hackneysociety.org/ The Hackney Society (Heritage Conservation)]
*[http://hoop.ground-level.org/about Hackney Walks]
*[http://www.learningcurve.gov.uk/tudorhackney/localhistory/loch.asp Tudor Life in Hackney (National Archives)]
{{London}}
[[Category:Districts of London|Hackney]]
[[Category:Hackney|*]]
[[de:London Borough of Hackney]]
[[no:Hackney (distrikt)]]
[[ro:Hackney (burg)]]
[[simple:London Borough of Hackney]]
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