Ernest Mason Satow and User:Chevre/Crazy Goat: Difference between pages

Revision as of 00:53, 7 August 2005

Revision as of 14:43, 6 November 2005

Line 1:

{{Football club infobox |

[[Image: Sir ernest satow.jpg|right|Sir Ernest Satow, G.C.M.G]]

clubname = Crazy Goat |

image = [[Image:Crazy Goat Hattrick.png|120px|logo]] |

'''[[The Right Honourable]] [[Knighthood|Sir]] Ernest Mason Satow''' [[Order of St. Michael and St. George|GCMG]], ([[June 30]], [[1843]] - [[August 26]], [[1929]]) was a [[Great Britain|British]] [[scholar]]-[[diplomat]] born to an ethnically German father (Hans David Christoph Satow, born in [[Wismar]], then under [[Sweden|Swedish]] rule, naturalised British in 1846) and an English mother (Margaret, nee Mason) in [[Upper Clapton|Clapton]], North [[London]], and educated at [[Mill Hill School]] and [[University College London]] (UCL).<br>

fullname = Crazy Goat |

nickname = ''Kozy'', ''Clintonki'' |

Satow was a key figure in [[East Asia]] and [[Anglo-Japanese relations]], particularly in [[Bakumatsu]] ([[1853]]-[[1867]]) and [[Meiji Era]] ([[1868]]-[[1912]]) [[Japan]], and in [[China]] after the [[Boxer Rebellion]], 1900-06. He also served in [[Siam]], [[Uruguay]] and [[Morocco]], and represented Britain at the Second [[Hague Peace Conference]] in 1907. In his retirement he wrote ''A Guide to Diplomatic Practice'' which is still used in an updated version today.

founded = [[2002]] |

ground = Pastwisko,<br/>[[Poznań]], [[Poland]] |

==His career==

capacity = 66,600 |

chairman = [[User:Chevre|Maciej Meller]] |

Ernest Satow is probably best known as the author of the fascinating ''A Diplomat in Japan'' which describes the years [[1862]]-[[1869]] when Japan was changing from rule by the [[Tokugawa shogunate]] to the [[Meiji Restoration|restoration]] of Imperial rule. Within a week of his arrival as a young student interpreter aged 19, the [[Namamugi Incident]] (Namamugi Jiken) in which a British merchant was killed on the [[Tokaido]] took place on [[September 14]], 1862. Satow was on board one of the British ships which bombarded [[Kagoshima]] in [[1863]] to punish the Satsuma clan's [[daimyo]] ([[Shimazu Hisamitsu]]) for the slaying of [[Charles Lennox Richardson]] and the refusal to pay an indemnity demanded as compensation.

manager = [[User:Chevre|Maciej Meller]] |

league = [[Polish V.192|V.192]] |

In [[1864]] Satow was with the allied force (Britain, [[France]], the [[Netherlands]] and the [[United States]]) which attacked [[Shimonoseki]] to enforce the right of passage of foreign ships through the narrow [[Kanmon Strait]] between Honshu and Kyushu. Satow met [[Ito Hirobumi]] and [http://www.geocities.com/~newfields/sb/inoue.htm Inoue Kaoru] of Choshu for the first time just before the [[bombardment of Shimonoseki]]. He also had links with many other Japanese leaders, including [[Saigo Takamori]] of Satsuma, and toured the hinterland of Japan with [[Algernon Bertram Mitford (Lord Redesdale)|A.B. Mitford]] and the cartoonist and illustrator [[Charles Wirgman]].

season = Season 15 |

position = 5th |

Satow's Japanese language skills quickly became indispensable in the British Minister Sir [[Harry Parkes]]'s negotiations with the failing [[Tokugawa]] shogunate and the powerful [[Satsuma Province|Satsuma]] and [[Choshu]] clans, and the gathering of intelligence. He was promoted to full Interpreter and then Japanese Secretary to the [[United Kingdom|British]] legation, and he started to write translations and newspaper articles on subjects relating to Japan as early as 1864. In 1869 he went home to England on leave, returning to Japan in 1870.

pattern_la1=|pattern_b1=_blackstripes|pattern_ra1=|

leftarm1=A10000|body1=A10000|rightarm1=A10000|shorts1=000000|socks1=FFFFFF|

Satow was one of the founder members at [[Yokohama]] in [[1872]] of the [[Asiatic Society of Japan]] whose purpose was to study the Japanese culture, history and language (i.e. [[Japanology]]) in detail. He lectured to the Society on several occasions in the 1870s, and the Transactions of the Asiatic Society contain several of his published papers. The Society is still thriving today.

pattern_la2=|pattern_b2=_whitestripes|pattern_ra2=|

leftarm2=A10000|body2=A10000|rightarm2=A10000|shorts2=FFFFFF|socks2=A10000|

After service in [[Siam]] ([[1884]] - [[1887]]), during which time he was promoted from the Consular to the [[Foreign service|Diplomatic service]], [[Uruguay]] (1889-93) and [[Morocco]] (1893-95), Satow returned to Japan as Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary on July 28, 1895, and stayed in Tokyo for five years (though he was in London for [[Queen Victoria]]'s Diamond Jubilee in 1897 and met her in August at Osborne, Isle of Wight). On April 17, 1895 the [[Treaty of Shimonoseki]] (text [http://www.taiwandocuments.org/shimonoseki01.htm here]) had been signed, and Satow was able to observe at first hand the steady build-up of the Japanese army and navy to avenge the humiliation by Russia, Germany and France in the [[Triple Intervention]] of April 23, 1895. He was also in a position to oversee the transition to the ending of [[extraterritoriality]] in Japan which finally ended in 1899, as agreed by the Anglo-Japanese Treaty of Commerce and Navigation signed in London on July 17, 1894.

}}

Satow was unlucky not to be named the first British [[Ambassador (diplomacy)|Ambassador]] to Japan, an honour which was bestowed on his successor Sir [[Claude Maxwell Macdonald]] in [[1905]]. Satow served as British Minister in [[Peking]] from [[1900]]-1906. He was active in the negotiations to conclude the [[Final Protocol]] which settled the compensation claims of the Powers after the [[Boxer Rebellion]], and he signed the protocol for Britain on September 7, 1901. Satow also observed the defeat of [[Russia]] in the [[Russo-Japanese War]] ([[1904]]-1905) from his Peking post. In 1906 Satow was made a [[Privy Council]]lor and is listed on the [[Historic list of members of the Privy Council]]. In [[1907]] he was Britain's second plenipotentiary at the [[Second Hague Peace Conference]].

Satow's extensive diaries and letters (the Satow Papers)

are kept at the [[Public Record Office]] at Kew, West London in accordance with his last will and testament. Many of his rare Japanese books are now part of the collection of [[Cambridge University Library]]. In retirement ([[1906]]-[[1929]]) at [[Ottery St Mary]] in Devon, England he wrote mainly on subjects connected with [[diplomacy]] and international law. In Britain he is less well known than in Japan, where he is recognised as perhaps the most important foreign observer in the Bakumatsu and Meiji periods.

Satow was never able as a diplomat serving in Japan to marry his Japanese common-law wife, Takeda Kane, by whom he had two sons, Eitaro and Hisayoshi. The Takeda family letters, including many from Satow to and from his family, have been deposited at the [http://www.kaikou.city.yokohama.jp/ Yokohama Archives of History] at the request of Satow's granddaughters.

== Select Bibliography (Books and articles written by Satow)==

* ''The Family Chronicle of the English Satows'', by Ernest Satow, privately printed, Oxford 1925.

* ''The Voyage of John Saris,'' ed. by Sir E. M. Satow (Hakluyt Society, 1900) mentioned on the [[William Adams]] page.

* ''A Guide to Diplomatic Practice'' by Sir E. Satow, (Longmans, Green & Co. London & New York, 1917). A standard reference work used in many embassies across the world (though not British ones!). Now in its fifth edition (1998, ISBN 0582501091).

* ''A Diplomat in Japan'' by Sir E. Satow, first published by Seeley, Service & Co., London, 1921, reprinted in paperback by Tuttle, 2002. (Page numbers are slightly different in the two editions.) ISBN 4925080288

* [http://www.ganesha-publishing.com/satow.htm Collected Works of Ernest Mason Satow Part One : Major Works] 1998

*[http://www.ganesha-publishing.com/satow2.htm Collected Works Of Ernest Mason Satow Part Two: Collected Papers] 2001

*''[http://www.dco.co.th/product_info.php?cPath=46&products_id=144 A Diplomat in Siam]'' by Ernest Satow C.M.G., Introduced and edited by Nigel Brailey (Orchid Press, Bangkok, reprinted 2002) ISBN 9748364736

* 'British Policy', a series of three untitled articles written by Satow (anonymously) in the ''Japan Times'' (ed. Charles Rickerby), dated March 16, May 4(? date uncertain) and May 19, 1866 which apparently influenced many Japanese once it was translated and widely distributed under the title 'Eikoku sakuron' (British policy), and probably helped to hasten the [[Meiji Restoration]] of 1868. Satow pointed out that the British and other treaties with foreign countries had been made by the Shogun on behalf of Japan, but that the Emperor's existence had not even been mentioned, thus calling into question their validity. Satow accused the Shogun of fraud, and demanded to know who was the 'real head' of Japan and further a revision of the treaties to reflect the political reality. He later admitted in ''A Diplomat in Japan'' (p.155 of the Tuttle reprint edition, p.159 of the first edition) that writing the articles had been 'altogether contrary to the rules of the service' (i.e. it is inappropriate for a diplomat or consular agent to interfere in the politics of a country in which he/she is serving). [The first and third articles are reproduced on pp. 566-75 of Grace Fox, ''Britain and Japan 1858-1883'', Oxford: Clarendon Press 1969, but the second one has only been located in the Japanese translation. A retranslation from the Japanese back into English has been attempted in I. Ruxton, ''Bulletin of the Kyushu Institute of Technology (Humanities, Social Sciences)'', No. 45, March 1997, pp. 33-41]

==See also==

*[[Heads of the United Kingdom Mission in Japan]]

*[[Anglo-Japanese relations]]

== External links==

*[http://www.asjapan.org/ Asiatic Society of Japan]

*[http://www.asjapan.org/Lectures/2002/Lecture/lecture-2002-03a.htm Report of a lecture on Satow in Tokyo 1895-1900 given to the Asiatic Society of Japan]

*[http://www.dhs.kyutech.ac.jp/~ruxton/satow.html Ian Ruxton's Ernest Satow page]

*''The Diaries and Letters of Sir Ernest Mason Satow (1843-1929), a Scholar-Diplomat in East Asia'', edited by Ian C. Ruxton (Edwin Mellen Press, 1998) ISBN 0773482482

*[http://www.yushodo.co.jp/press/eastwest/v10/index.html The above book translated into Japanese] ISBN 484190316X

*[http://www.aplink.co.jp/synapse/4-901481-06-1.htm ''The Diaries of Sir Ernest Satow, British Minister in Tokyo (1895-1900): A Diplomat Returns to Japan''] on the website of Edition Synapse ISBN 4901481061

*[http://www.lulu.com/content/142696 ''The Correspondence of Sir Ernest Satow, British Minister in Japan (1895-1900)''], Volume One, from the Satow Papers held at The National Archives, Kew, London. published in full for researchers with notes by Ian Ruxton, [[Kyushu Institute of Technology]], Lulu Press Inc., July 2005. ISBN 1411638573 See [http://www.lulu.com/items/volume_2/142000/142696/2/preview/Satow_Papers_vol_one_preview.pdf here]. For Volume Two see [http://www.lulu.com/items/volume_2/149000/149423/1/preview/Satow_Corr_vol_2_lulu_word_85x11_preview.pdf here].

*''[http://www.lulu.com/content/149754 Sir Ernest Satow’s Correspondence with Frederick Victor Dickins]''

*[http://www.frankcass.com/jnls/d&s_13-2.htm ''Diplomacy and Statecraft'', 13.2 (including a section on Satow)] 2002

*''Early Japanese books in Cambridge University Library : a catalogue of the Aston, Satow, and von Siebold collections'', Nozomu Hayashi & Peter Kornicki -- Cambridge University Press, 1991. -- (University of Cambridge Oriental publications ; 40) ISBN 0521364965

*''Korea and Manchuria between Russia and Japan 1895-1904 : the observations of Sir Ernest Satow, British Minister Plenipotentiary to Japan (1895-1900) and China (1900-1906)'', Selected and edited with a historical introduction, by George Alexander Lensen. -- Sophia University in cooperation with Diplomatic Press, 1966

[[Category:1843 births|Satow, Ernest Mason]]

[[Category:1929 deaths|Satow, Ernest Mason]]

[[Category:British diplomats|Satow, Ernest Mason]]

[[Category:British people in Japan|Satow, Ernest Mason]]

[[Category:History of Japan|Satow, Ernest Mason]]

[[Category:Members of the Privy Council|Satow, Ernest Mason]]

[[ja:&#12450;&#12540;&#12493;&#12473;&#12488;&#12539;&#12469;&#12488;&#12454;]]

[[de:Ernest Satow]]

[[fr:Ernest Satow]]