Dulles International Airport and Timeline of the 2005 French riots: Difference between pages

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Revision as of 20:17, 9 November 2005

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{{Airport framecurrent}}

{| class="toccolours" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="3" align="right" style="margin: 0 0 1em 1em; clear: right"

{{Airport title|name=Washington Dulles International Airport}}

! colspan="2" align=center style="background: #aad; font-size:120%" | 2005 French civil unrest

{{Airport image|airport_image=IADTerminal.jpeg}}

|-

{{Airport infobox

| align="center" style="background: white;"| [[2005 civil unrest in France|Main article]]

| IATA = IAD

| align="center" style="background: white;"|[[Timeline of the 2005 French civil unrest|Timeline]]

| ICAO = KIAD

|-

| type = public

| align="center" style="background: #eef;"|[[Response to the 2005 civil unrest in France|Response]]

| run by = Metropolitan Washington Airports Authority (MWAA)

| align="center" style="background: #eef;"|[[Social situation in the French suburbs|Context]]

| opened = November, 1962

|}

| closest town = Washington, DC

[[Image:Strasbourg torched car.jpg|thumb|A car burns in [[Strasbourg]], [[France]] on the night of [[November 5]] as riots spread from the Paris banlieues to other parts of the country. Photo credit: François Schnell.]]

| distance from town = 20 mi. W of city

| elevation_ft = 313

| elevation_m = 95.4

| coordinates = 38&deg; 56' 40" N <br> 77&deg; 27' 21" W

}}

{{Runway title}}

{{Runway

| runway_angle = 1L/19R

| runway_length_f = 11,501

| runway_length_m = 3,506

| runway_surface = Concrete

}}

{{Runway

| runway_angle = 1R/19L

| runway_length_f = 11,500

| runway_length_m = 3,505

| runway_surface = Concrete

}}

{{Runway

| runway_angle = 12/30

| runway_length_f = 10,501

| runway_length_m = 3,201

| runway_surface = Concrete

}}

{{Airport end frame}}

The following is a '''timeline of the [[2005 French civil unrest]]''' that began Thursday, October 27, 2005. Where the source lists events as occuring in a night and following morning, this article lists them on the date of the night, not the following morning. The extent table in the main article does the opposite.

'''Washington Dulles International Airport''' {{Airport codes|IAD|KIAD}} serves the greater [[Washington, DC]] [[Baltimore-Washington Metropolitan Area|metropolitan area]]. It is named after [[John Foster Dulles]], [[United States Secretary of State]] under [[Dwight D. Eisenhower]]. It serves as a hub for [[United Airlines]] and as the primary hub of [[Independence Air]].

<!-- Discuss in Discussion first to justify putting this back. * Wendesday [[October 21]] - French Interior Minister Nicolas Sarkozy[http://http://www.alertnet.org/thenews/newsdesk/L19243562.htm] announced a crackdown on urban violence and black marketeers on Wednesday, ordering specially trained police to tackle 25 tough neighbourhoods across the country. Sarkozy, who has clearly stated his ambition to run for president in 2007, also announced plans to combat violence in football stadiums, including greater use of video surveillance and bans on hooligans caught on film. "This ... is a totally new strategy to push back urban violence and make life possible in a certain number of neighbourhoods where trafficking and the underground economy have infected daily life," Sarkozy said at the launch of his new initiative. "We absolutely have to re-establish a foothold in these neighbourhoods and obtain results," he said. -->

The inception of [[low-cost carrier]] Independence Air in [[2004]] propelled IAD from being the 24th busiest airport in the [[United States]] to 5th, and one of the top 10 [[world's busiest airports|busiest in the world]]. Also a major station for [[jetBlue]], it has become the largest low-cost hub in the [[United States]]. On a typical day, 1,800 to 2,000 flights are now handled at Dulles, up from 1000 to 1200 in [[2003]]. It remains the second busiest trans-Atlantic gateway on the [[Eastern Seaboard]].

===First week===

The airport occupies approximately 11,000 acres (44.5 km²) of land 26 miles (41.8 km) west of downtown Washington, straddling the border of [[Fairfax County, Virginia|Fairfax County]] and [[Loudoun County, Virginia|Loudoun County]], [[Virginia]]. It is located partly in [[Chantilly, Virginia|Chantilly]] and partly in [[Dulles, Virginia|Dulles]], west of [[Herndon, Virginia|Herndon]] and southwest of [[Sterling, Virginia|Sterling]]. It is operated by the [[Metropolitan Washington Airports Authority]] (MWAA). In 2004, Dulles saw over 22.8 million passengers through the airport.

* '''Thursday, [[October 27]]''' - 1st night of rioting

==Transportation to and from the Airport==

** Gangs, mostly consisting of hundreds of youths, clashed with police, throwing rocks and [[Molotov cocktail]]s at police forces and firefighters, setting cars on fire, and vandalizing buildings. A shot was reportedly fired at police. [http://news.yahoo.com/s/afp/20051030/wl_afp/franceriotpolice_051030022906]

[[Image:Dulles Airport.jpg|thumb|right|300px|Aerial photo]]

** Police fired [[tear gas]] at the rioters. About 27 people were detained. 17 police officers and 3 journalists were wounded. The number of rioters and bystanders injured is not known.[http://www.iht.com/articles/2005/10/31/news/france.php]<br>

Dulles is accessible via the [[Dulles Toll Road| Dulles Access and Toll Roads]] (Virginia Route 267), [[U.S. Highway 50]], or [[Virginia State Highway 28]]. The [[Washington Metro]] currently offers only an express [[bus]] service, the 5A, but plans for a spur of the [[Orange Line (Washington Metro)|Orange Line]], called the [[Dulles Corridor Rapid Transit Project]], were approved in June [[2004]]. Construction should be complete in [[2015]]. [[Greyhound Lines]] offers through service to several [[Northern Virginia]] towns. The Greyhound buses serve Harrisonburg, Charlottesville, Staunton, and Roanoke from the ground transportation area in front of the main terminal daily.

* '''Friday, [[October 28]]''' - 2nd night of rioting

==History and background==

** Rioters in Clichy-sous-Bois apparently set more than 30 cars alight and made barricades of those cars, along with dustbins, which firefighters worked to clear away.

[[Image:IADAirportDiag.png|thumb|right|200px|FAA Airport Diagram]]

** At least 200 riot police and crowds of young rioters clashed in on-and-off, running battles, on the night of the 28th and the early morning of the 29th. [http://observer.guardian.co.uk/international/story/0,6903,1604595,00.html]

At the end of [[World War II]], growth in aviation and in the Washington metropolitan area led [[Congress of the United States|Congress]] to pass the Washington Airport Act of [[1950]], providing federal backing for a second airport. The current site was selected by President [[Dwight Eisenhower]] in [[1958]].

* '''Saturday, [[October 29]]''' - 3rd night of rioting

Civil engineering firm Ammann and Whitney was named lead contractor. The main buildings of the airport were designed by famed Finnish architect [[Eero Saarinen]]. The first new airport of the [[jet engine|jet]] age, many of its architectural features were experimental at the time.

** About 500 people took part in a silent march through Clichy-sous-Bois, in memory of the teenagers. [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/4388536.stm] Representatives of the Muslim community appealed for calm and dignity at the procession. Marchers wore [[t-shirt]]s printed with the message ''mort pour rien'' <!-- sic, the singular--> "dead for nothing". [http://news.yahoo.com/s/afp/20051029/wl_afp/franceriotpolice]

* '''Sunday, [[October 30]]''' - 4th night of rioting

The airport was dedicated by President [[John F. Kennedy]] on [[November 17]], [[1962]]. It was the first airport in the world specifically designed for [[jet aircraft]], but its first flight was an [[Eastern Airlines]] [[Super Electra]] [[turboprop]], arriving from [[Newark International Airport]] in [[New Jersey]].

** A tear gas grenade was launched into the [[mosque]] of the Cité des Bousquets, on what for Muslims is the holiest night of the holy month of [[Ramadan]]. Police denied responsibility but acknowledged that it was the same type used by French riot police. Speaking to 170 police officers at Seine-Saint-Denis prefecture in [[Bobigny]] (the local authority overseeing Clichy-sous-Bois), Nicolas Sarkozy said, "I am, of course, available to the Imam of the Clichy mosque to let him have all the details in order to understand how and why a tear gas bomb was sent into this mosque." Eyewitnesses also reported that police called women emerging from the mosque "whores" and other names [http://www.indymedia.org.uk/en/2005/11/327207.html].

* '''Monday, [[October 31]]''' - 5th night of rioting

While initially considered a [[white elephant]] due to its distance from downtown Washington, Dulles has steadily grown. Restrictions placed on the type of aircraft at and distance of routes from [[Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport]] have meant most long-distance flights to the area must fly to Dulles or [[Baltimore-Washington International Thurgood Marshall Airport]] in Maryland.

** It was reported that the rioting had spread to other parts of [[Seine-Saint-Denis]]. In nearby [[Montfermeil]], the municipal police garage was set on fire.

** Michel Thooris, an official of police trade union Action Police CFTC (who only represents a minority of the police civil servants), described the unrest as a "civil war" and called on the [[French Army]] to intervene. [http://observer.guardian.co.uk/international/story/0,6903,1604595,00.html]

* '''Tuesday, [[November 1]]''' - 6th night of rioting

As the airport expanded in the [[1980s]] and [[1990s]], operations outgrew the main terminal, and new mid-field concourses were constructed.

** Rioting had spread to nine other suburbs, across which 69 vehicles were torched. [http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,174227,00.html]

** A total of 150 [[arson]] attacks on garbage cans, vehicles and buildings were reported. [http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,174227,00.html]

** The unrest was particularly intense in [[Sevran]], [[Aulnay-sous-Bois]] and [[Bondy]], all in the [[Seine-Saint-Denis]] region, which is considered to be a "sensitive area of immigration and modest incomes."

** In Sevran, youths set fire to two rooms of a primary school, along with several cars. Three officers were slightly injured. [http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?file=/news/archive/2005/11/01/international/i093631S93.DTL]

** In Aulnay-sous-Bois, rioters threw [[Molotov cocktails]] at the [[town hall]] and rocks at the firehouse; police fired [[rubber bullet]]s at advancing rioters. [http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,174227,00.html]

** Interior Minister Nicolas Sarkozy refers to rioters as "scum" [http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2005/11/01/AR2005110100833.html]

** [[Prime Minister of France| French Prime Minister]] [[Dominique de Villepin]] "met Tuesday with the parents of the three families, promising a full investigation of the deaths and insisting on 'the need to restore calm,' the prime minister's office said." [http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,174227,00.html]

* '''Wednesday, [[November 2]]''' - 7th night of rioting

The inaugural flight of the Boeing 777 in commercial service, a [[United Airlines]] flight from London Heathrow, landed at Dulles in 1995.

** Reports suggest rioters briefly stormed a police station while 78 vehicles were torched.

** One government official claims that live rounds were fired at riot police.

** Two primary schools, a post office, and a shopping centre were damaged and a large car showroom set ablaze.

** Police vans and cars were stoned as gangs turned on police.

** Rioting had spread west-ward to the area of [[Hauts-de-Seine]] where a police station was bombarded with home-made [[Molotov Cocktail|Molotov cocktails]].

** [[Jacques Chirac]], the [[President of France]], made appeals for calm, and Prime Minister Dominique de Villepin held an emergency cabinet meeting. De Villepin issued a statement saying "Let's avoid stigmatising areas", an apparent rebuke to his political rival, Interior Minister Nicolas Sarkozy, who has called the rioters "scum" (''racaille''). [http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/4401670.stm] [http://news.monstersandcritics.com/europe/article_1059355.php/Paris_riots_lay_bare_deeper_problems] [http://www.guardian.co.uk/worldlatest/story/0,1280,-5389430,00.html]. <!-- Globaly, on the thursday night 315 ??? vehicles were torched. -->

** A woman on crutches in her fifties, Joëlle M., was doused with petrol in [[Sevran|Sevran-Beaudotes]] and set on fire as she exited a bus; "She was rescued by the driver (Mohammed Tadjer) and hospitalized with severe burns" [http://apnews.myway.com/article/20051104/D8DLUT50B.html] [http://www.lefigaro.fr/societe/20051105.FIG0004.html]

=== Second week ===

A flight from Dulles, [[American Airlines]] Flight 77, was crashed into the Pentagon on [[September 11]], [[2001]].

* '''Thursday, [[November 3]]''' - 8th night of rioting

In December [[2003]], the [[National Air and Space Museum]] opened the [[Steven F. Udvar-Hazy Center]] at Dulles. The museum annex houses a [[Concorde]], the ''[[Enola Gay]]'' B-29, the [[Space Shuttle Enterprise]], and other famous aerospace artifacts, particularly those too large for the main building on the [[National Mall]].

** Traffic was halted on the [[RER]] B suburban commuter line which links Paris to [[Charles de Gaulle airport]] after unions called for a strike.

** Rioters attacked two trains overnight at the Le Blanc-Mesnil station, forced a conductor from one train and broke windows, the [[SNCF]] rail authority said. A passenger was lightly injured by broken glass. [http://abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory?id=1277178]

** For the first time the riots spread outside of [[Paris]], spreading to [[Dijon]] with sporadic violence in [[Bouches-du-Rhone]] in the south and [[Rouen]] in the north-west of France.

** In Parliament, de Villepin pledged again to restore order as his government has come under criticism for its failure to prevent the violence.

** Around 1000 [[firemen]] were called to put out a blaze at a carpet factory while twenty-seven buses were set alight.

** 500 cars were torched and arson occurred in [[Aulnay-sous-Bois]], [[Neuilly-sur-Marne]], [[Le Blanc Mesnil]], and [[Yvelines]].[http://www.20minutes.fr/journal/recherche/pop_article.php?ida=63803&mot=Chirac][http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20051104/ap_on_re_eu/france_rioting][http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/4405620.stm][http://www.csmonitor.com/2005/1104/p06s02-woeu.html] [http://permanent.nouvelobs.com/societe/20051104.OBS4153.html]. Additionally, 7 were burned in Paris [http://permanent.nouvelobs.com/societe/20051104.FAP3932.html?1733], and others had their windows broken out near the metro station La Chapelle. Nationally, 593 vehicles were torched Thursday.

* '''Friday night, [[November 4]]''' - 9th night of rioting

==Terminals==

** Violence continued in Val d'Oise, Seine-et-Marne and Seine-Saint-Denis. Arson and attacks on vehicles occurred in [[Aubervilliers]], [[Sarcelles]], [[Montmagny]] and [[Persan]].

The signature Dulles main terminal houses ticketing, baggage claim, the Z gates, and other support facilities. From here passengers can take mobile lounges to their concourses, "plane mates" directly to their airplanes, or take the passenger walkway to concourse B.

** French police claim incidents Thursday night have diminished in intensity compared to the previous night, with only fifty vehicles set on fire [http://www.ndtv.com/morenews/showmorestory.asp?slug=Uneasy+calm+in+Paris&id=80881]. Prefect Jean-François Cordet said in a statement that "contrary to the previous nights, there were fewer direct clashes with the forces of order."

** "Traore's brother, Siyakah Traore, called for protesters to 'calm down and stop ransacking everything.'" [http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,174533,00.html].

** Violence spread to [[Lille]] and [[Toulouse]] for the first time [http://fr.news.yahoo.com/04112005/5/nouveaux-incidents-dans-les-banlieues-autour-de-paris.html].

* '''Saturday, [[November 5]]'''

===Mobile lounges===

** Day

[[Image:Mobile lounge at Dulles Airport.jpg|thumb|A mobile lounge loading passengers]]

*** Police reported the discovery of a bomb making factory for producing gasoline bombs inside of a derelict building in Evry, south of Paris, raising questions on the possibility of planning well in advance of the riots. Six minors have been arrested.

Dulles is the one of the only airports in the world that uses the ''mobile lounge'' system. The "lounge" consists of a 54-by-16-foot carriage mounted on a scissor truck, capable of carrying 102 passengers. They were designed by the [[Chrysler]] Corporation in association with the [[Budd Company]]. The conveyances are sometimes [[nickname]]d "moon buggies" for the similar appearance of their tires with those of the [[Lunar Rover]].

*** Several thousand residents of [[Aulnay-sous-Bois]] joined a march in protest against the riots, initiated by the commune's mayor, Gérard Gaudron.

*** At noon, Prime Minister [[Dominique de Villepin]] met with Nicolas Sarkozy and other cabinet members.

*** [[Yves Bot]], public prosecutor of the city of Paris, on Europe 1 radio described the events as organized violence[http://kavkazcenter.com/eng/content/2005/11/07/4203.shtml], well beyond spontaneously erupting riots. Bot alleged that adolescents in other cities were being incited to commence rioting via the internet, saying that the violence was directed against institutions of the Republic, but he denied it being ethnic in character.

** Night - 10th night of rioting

*** Around France, 897 vehicles were torched and 170 people arrested [http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20051105/ap_on_re_eu/france_rioting].

*** An incendiary device was tossed at the wall of a synagogue [[Pierrefitte]] [http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20051105/ap_on_re_eu/france_rioting].

*** Firefighters were attacked while rescuing a sick person in [[Meaux]].

*** Violence continued both within and outside Paris. In [[Grigny]], two schools were set on fire.

*** Another school was set on fire in [[Vigneux-sur-Seine|Vigneux]].

*** A [[nursery school]] was burned in Achères, west of Paris, outraging residents who demanded that the [[French Army]] be deployed or that a citizens [[militia]] be formed[http://apnews.myway.com/article/20051105/D8DMKAVGC.html].

*** In [[Torcy]], close to [[Disneyland Paris]], rioters set fire to a police station and a youth center. [http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,174670,00.html]

*** Additional attacks occured in [[Avignon]] ([[Vaucluse]]), [[Saint-Dizier]] ([[Haute-Marne]]), [[Soissons]] ([[Aisne]]), [[Nantes]] ([[Loire-Atlantique]]), [[Montauban]] ([[Tarn-et-Garonne]]) and in the north at [[Lille]], [[Roubaix]], [[Tourcoing]], [[Mons-en-Baroeuil]]. Other incidents occured in [[Cannes]], [[Nice]], and [[Toulouse]].[http://today.reuters.co.uk/news/newsArticle.aspx?type=topNews&storyID=2005-11-05T122759Z_01_KNE228332_RTRUKOC_0_UK-FRANCE-RIOTS.xml&archived=False].

*** In the Normandy city of [[Evreux]], over 50 cars, a shopping center, a post office, and two schools were burned. [http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20051106/ap_on_re_eu/france_rioting]. 253 people were arrested.

* '''Sunday [[November 6]]'''

The "Plane Mate" is an evolutionary variation on the concept. They are similar in appearance to mobile lounges, but can raise themselves on screws to "mate" directly with an aircraft. This allows passengers to deplane directly aboard and be carried to the main terminal.

** Morning

*** Cars torched in central Paris for the first time, in the historic [[IIIe arrondissement|third district]]. There, citizens urged for the [[French Army]] to be deployed.

*** The total number of vehicles torched during the night is estimated at 1,295, the highest number so far. 193 people were arrested. An extra 2,300 police were drafted. [http://today.reuters.co.uk/news/newsArticle.aspx?type=worldNews&storyID=2005-11-06T095801Z_01_KNE228332_RTRUKOC_0_UK-FRANCE-RIOTS.xml].

*** In broad daylight on Sunday, a [[Belgian]] [[RTBF]] news crew was physically assaulted in [[Lille]], injuring a cameraman.

*** A [[Korean]] female journalist from [[KBS]] TV was knocked unconscious with repeated punches and kicks to her face and head in [[Aubervilliers]] [http://english.kbs.co.kr/news/newsview_sub.php?menu=1&key=2005110709]

*** As of Sunday morning, tenth night, the total number of people arrested since [[October 27]] surpassed 800, and the total number of vehicles set on fire is estimated to be around 3,500. [http://www.lemonde.fr/web/article/0,1-0@2-3226,36-707066@51-704172,0.html] [http://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=10000100&sid=aQWVkcTQYxgo&refer=germany]

** Night - 11th night of rioting

*** Rioters fired [[buckshot|large-caliber]] ammunition from pistols and hunting rifles in the southern Parisian suburb of [[Grigny]], injuring 34 policemen, three of them seriously. [http://english.aljazeera.net/NR/exeres/6727FE6C-C8E3-491A-B272-A902E3F3F500.htm][http://www.nytimes.com/2005/11/07/international/europe/07france.html?ei=5094&en=5e569e209f289296&hp=&ex=1131339600&partner=homepage&pagewanted=print] Two of them are reported to have been hit in the head. [http://hosted.ap.org/dynamic/stories/F/FRANCE_RIOTING?SITE=CAANG&TEMPLATE=DEFAULT&SECTION=HOME] [http://www.lemonde.fr/web/article/0,1-0,36-707134,0.html] The shots ended at 8:30 pm; according to a journaliste of ''[[Le Monde]]'' and several social workers, this might be related to the beginning of the [[soccer]] match [[PSG]]-[[AS Monaco]] (''[[France Inter]]'', Nov. 7)

*** For the first time, [[Roman Catholic Church|Catholic]] [[church]]es have been attacked with [[Molotov cocktail]]s in [[Liévin]] and [[Lens, Pas-de-Calais|Lens]] in [[Pas-de-Calais]] and [[Sète]] in [[Hérault]].

*** 1408 vehicles have been torched during the night (982 vehicles were burned outside Paris), and 395 people were arrested. [http://www.standaard.be/Kanaal/Index.aspx?kanaalid=62&artikelId=DMF07112005_003] A Polish tourbus parked in [[Alfortville]] waiting to return a group of vacationers to [[Poland]] was one of the vehicles that were destroyed. [http://wiadomosci.onet.pl/1190950,12,item.html]

***In the first incident outside France, five cars were torched in [[Saint-Gilles, Belgium|Saint-Gillis]], [[Brussels]], [[Belgium]].[http://www.hln.be/hln/cch/det/art_138112.html]

***German police suspects that the torching of five vehicles in Berlin may potentially be connected to the rioting in Paris suburbs. [http://de.today.reuters.com/news/newsArticle.aspx?type=domesticNews&storyID=2005-11-07T100158Z_01_MAI736114_RTRDEOC_0_DEUTSCHLAND-KRIMINALITAET-AUTOS.xml]. Similar incidents have been registered in [[Bremen (city)|Bremen]].

* '''Monday [[November 7]]'''

** Day

*** A 61-year-old man, [[Jean-Jacques Le Chenadec]], a former [[Renault]] employee, died in the hospital because of the injuries sustained after being beaten when he went to check on a garbage can fire in the suburb of Stains. He succumbed to his injuries, becoming the first death caused by the riots.[http://www.nu.nl/news/621550/20/Eerste_dode_door_rellen_in_Franse_buitenwijken.html] [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/4413250.stm] [http://www.latimes.com/news/nationworld/world/la-fg-riots7nov07,0,2240109.story?coll=la-home-headlines] According to a witness, Jean-Jacques was 'deliberately assasinated'.

*** Rioter Moussa Diallo is quoted as saying: "This is just the beginning. It's not going to end until there are two policemen dead." [http://www.nytimes.com/2005/11/07/international/europe/07france.html?th&emc=th]

*** Eric Raoult, mayor of [[Raincy]], which is one of the cities hit by the riots, has imposed a [[curfew]] on people younger than 15-years-old from 1 am to dawn [http://breakingnews.iol.ie/news/story.asp?j=161770722&p=y6y77y4z8].

*** [[France 3]] has decided to stop revealing the toll of the riots and the number of cars torched in order to not inflame the situation. [http://info.france2.fr/violences-banlieues/15475641-fr.php]

*** Three French blog participants have been arrested for provoking the violence. [http://fr.news.yahoo.com/07112005/290/trois-arrestations-pour-incitation-a-l-emeute-sur-blog.html]

*** Jewish religious leaders in France report they have been advised by the government not to discuss their fears publicly in order to avoid further anti-Semitic attacks.[http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-3165579,00.html]

*** The [[Union of French Islamic Organizations]] (UOIF) issued a [[fatwa]] condemning the violence [http://edition.cnn.com/2005/WORLD/europe/11/06/france.riots.fatwa.reut/index.html]

*** De Villepin on the [[TF1]] television channel announced the deployment of 18,000 police, supported by a 1,500 strong reserve. [http://english.ohmynews.com/ArticleView/article_view.asp?menu=A11100&no=257451&rel_no=1&back_url=][http://www.premier-ministre.gouv.fr/acteurs/interventions_premier_ministre_9/dans_les_medias_497/intervention_premier_ministre_journal_54327.html].

** Night - 12th night of rioting

*** Police said that violence in Seine-Saint-Denis was still simmering, but the situation was calmer than in the previous nights, with three times fewer calls to the fire services, but violence continued in the province. [http://www.forbes.com/home/feeds/afx/2005/11/08/afx2323455.html]

*** In [[Toulouse]], some 50 rioters stopped and torched a bus and ordered the driver to get out, hurling firebombs and other objects as police arrived [http://www.jg-tc.com/articles/2005/11/07/ap/headlines/d8dnrhk8a.txt]

*** Two schools were torched in [[Lille|Lille Sud]] and in [[Bruay-sur-Escaut]] near the city of [[Valenciennes]]. A gymnasium was burned in [[Villepinte]].

*** Additional violence and vandalism in eastern France in [[Alsace]], [[Lorraine]] and [[Franche-Comté]]. Violence in [[Toulouse]], [[Strasbourg]], [[Moselle]], and [[Doubs]].[http://today.reuters.fr/news/newsArticle.aspx?type=topNews&storyID=2005-11-07T222825Z_01_CHE769341_RTRIDST_0_OFRTP-FRANCE-BANLIEUES-TOULOUSE-20051107.XML]

*** 1173 vehicles have been burned. [http://www.lemonde.fr/web/article/0,1-0@2-706693,36-707655@51-704172,0.html]

*** Prime Minister Dominique de Villepin announced that, starting on Wednesday, "wherever it is necessary, prefects will be able to impose a curfew". No army intervention is being planned [http://abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory?id=1289530].

* '''Tuesday [[November 8]]'''

** Day

***The Belgian TV-station [[VTM]] reports that a Molotov cocktail was thrown into a schools bicycle parking during class hours, and that their reporters had been attacked on the scene.

***President [[Jacques Chirac]] declares a [[state of emergency]] following an emergency session of his cabinet, and the re-activation of a [[1955]] law enacted during the [[Algerian War of Independence|Algerian war]], allowing local authorities to impose curfews, beginning on Tuesday, 12 PM, with an initial 12-day limit.

** Night - 13th night of rioting

***Protestant church in [[Meulan]] attacked. [http://trans.voila.fr/voila?systran_lp=fr_en&systran_f=1131462231&systran_id=Voila-fr&systran_url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.france-echos.com%2Factualite.php%3Fcle%3D7610]

***Youths threw firebombs at police and set cars ablaze in suburb of [[Toulouse]]. Dozens of youths set fire to at least 10 cars and threw objects at police. [http://www.alertnet.org/thenews/newsdesk/L08333103.htm]

*** As of midnight [[Central European Time]], the [[France|French Republic]] is placed under a [[State of Emergency]]. The cities of [[Orléans]] and [[Amiens]] imposed curfews on minors below 16 years of age.

*** More than 500 cars had been torched by 0400 (0300GMT), police said. Around 200 people were arrested. Police said the levels of violence across the country were lower than the previous night. The suburbs of Paris were relatively calm, with few isolated cases of arson, and a dozen arrests. [http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/4419770.stm]

*** Public transport in [[Lyons]] was shut down after a Molotov cocktail hit a train station.

*** In [[Bordeaux]], a Molotov cocktail hit a gas-powered bus.

* '''Wednesday [[November 9]]'''

** Day

*** French businesses are worried that the cost of the past 13 nights of rioting that has swept the country could go beyond clean-up to hurt investment and consumer confidence going into the all-important winter shopping season. Concerns about the violence helped push the [[euro]] to two-year lows against the [[US dollar]] as companies postpone investment in some of the affected areas, potential tourists watch neighborhoods burn on television and the stakes increase the longer the riots continue.[http://www.businessweek.com/ap/financialnews/D8DP4A101.htm?campaign_id=apn_home_up&chan=db]

*** [[Daniel Feurtet]], the [[communist]] mayor of the riot-hit [[Blanc-Mesnil]] district, threatened to quit. "If the prefect decides to impose a curfew in one of our areas, I'll hand in my resignation right away," he told [[Le Monde]] newspaper, referring to the regional government officials empowered to impose curfews.[http://today.reuters.com/news/NewsArticle.aspx?type=worldNews&storyID=uri:2005-11-09T184759Z_01_RID944016_RTRUKOC_0_US-FRANCE-RIOTS-1.xml&pageNumber=1&summit=]

*** Interior minister [[Nicolas Sarkozy]] has ordered the expulsion of all foreigners convicted of taking part in the riots that have swept France for 13 nights. He told parliament 120 foreigners had been found guilty of involvement and would be deported without delay.[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/4422422.stm]

** Night - 14th night of rioting

By [[shuttle|shuttling]] from the main terminal directly to a midfield jet ramp, passengers could avoid long walking distances amidst weather, noise, and fumes on the [[tarmac]]. But the advent of the [[Jetway]] and construction of the midfield concourses diluted the system's advantages.

Today, the airport uses 19 mobile lounges to transfer passengers between the midfield concourses and to and from the main terminal building, as well as 30 plane mates. They have all been given names based on the abbreviations of 50 states. EG: VA, MD, AK, etc... The MWAA plans to retire the mobile lounge system altogether in favor of an underground [[people mover]] and pedestrian walkway system (now in service to concourse B), as part of a major engineering program that will also add a concourse to the main terminal and give the airport a fourth runway.

[[Category:Timelines]]

===Main terminal===

[[Category:History of France]]

[[Image:Washington Dulles International Airport main terminal.jpg|right|thumb|The terminal ceiling is suspended in an elegant curve above the luggage check-in area.]]

[[Category:History of Paris]]

[[Category:Riots|Paris suburb riots, 2005]]

The main terminal is a very well regarded building; its roof is a suspended [[catenary]] providing a wide enclosed area unimpeded by columns. It was recognized by the [[American Institute of Architects]] in [[1966]]. It houses ticketing, baggage claim, and information facilities, as well as the International Arrivals Building for passenger processing.

[[Category:Seine-Saint-Denis]]

There are two sets of gates in the main terminal. They are waiting areas for airlines which lack permanent physical gates and therefore use Plane Mates. The temporary "T" Gates, formerly used by [[United Express]], have been replaced by the "Z" Gates, the east section of which is now open. The "Z" Gates provide service for [[US Airways]].

===="H" Gates====

*[[Alitalia]] (Milan Malpensa)

*[[Ethiopian Airlines]] (Addis Ababa via Abidjan)

*[[Lloyd Aereo Boliviano]] (Santa Cruz via Miami)

*[[Saudi Arabian Airlines]] (Riyadh via Jeddah)

*[[TACA]] (Guatemala City, San Salvador)

===="Z" Gates====

*[[US Airways]] (Charlotte and San Juan (weekends))

**[[Air Midwest]] dba [[US Airways Express]] (Lewisburg)

**[[Air Wisconsin]] dba [[US Airways Express]] (Philadelphia)

**[[Colgan Air]] dba [[US Airways Express]] (Altoona, Beckley, Bluefield, Pittsburgh, Shenandoah Valley)

**[[Mesa Airlines]] dba [[US Airways Express]] (Charlotte)

===Midfield Terminals===

There are three midfield terminal buildings: One contains the A and B Midfield Concourses, another the C and D Midfield Concourses, and the last the G Midfield Concourse. The C and D Concourses, completed in [[1983]], were designed to be temporary. Their replacements are under development. The A and B Concourses are the first of the permanent Midfield Concourses. The G Concourse is also permanent, its name reflective of the long-term plan for concourse development.

====Midfield Concourse A====

*[[Independence Air]] (Albany, Atlanta, Boston, Buffalo, Burlington, Charleston SC, Charleston WV, Charlotte, Chicago O'Hare, Cleveland, Columbia, Columbus, Detroit, Greensboro, Greenville/Spartanburg, Hartford, Huntsville, Indianapolis, Jacksonville, Knoxville, Las Vegas, Louisville, Manchester NH, Nashville, Newburgh, New York Kennedy, Orlando, Pittsburgh, Portland ME, Providence, Raleigh/Durham, Rochester, San Diego, Savannah, Syracuse, Tampa, West Palm Beach, White Plains)

====Midfield Concourse B====

*[[Aeroflot]] (Moscow Sheremetyevo)

*[[AirTran Airways]] (Atlanta)

*[[Air France]] (Paris Charles de Gaulle)

*[[All Nippon Airways]] (Tokyo/Narita)

*[[Continental Airlines]] (Cleveland, Houston)

*[[Continental Express]] (Cleveland, Houston, Newark)

*[[Delta Air Lines]] (Atlanta, Cincinnati, Salt Lake City)

*[[Atlantic Southeast Airlines]]/[[Comair]] dba [[Delta Connection]] (Cincinnati)

*[[Frontier Airlines]] (Denver)

*[[JetBlue]] (Fort Lauderdale/Hollywood, Long Beach,Oakland, Sacramento, San Diego)

*[[KLM]] (Amsterdam)

*[[Korean Air]] (Seoul)

*[[Northwest Airlines]] (Detroit , Minneapolis/St. Paul)

*[[Pinnacle Airlines]] dba [[Northwest Airlink]] (Memphis)

*[[Scandinavian Airlines System]] (Copenhagen)

*[[South African Airways]] (Johannesburg via Accra)

*[[Virgin Atlantic]] (London/Heathrow)

====Midfield Concourse C====

*[[Air Canada]] (Montreal, Ottawa, Vancouver(winter)

*[[Lufthansa]] (Frankfurt)

*[[Ted (airline)|Ted]] (Cancun [starts Nov. 15], Fort Lauderdale, Miami, Orlando, San Juan [starts Dec. 18])

*[[United Airlines]] (Amsterdam, Aruba, Beijing via Chicago/O'Hare, Boston, Brussels, Buenos Aires, Cancun, Chicago O'Hare, Denver, Frankfurt, Hartford, Hong Kong via San Francisco, London/Heathrow, Los Angeles, Mexico City, Miami, Montego Bay [starts Dec. 15], Munich, Nassau [starts Dec. 15], New Orleans, New York La Guardia, Oakland, Paris, Phoenix, Portland OR, Punta Cana [starts Dec. 15], Sacramento, San Diego, San Francisco, San Jose (CA), San Jose (CR), San Juan, Sao Paulo, Seattle/Tacoma, St. Maarten [starts Dec. 15], St. Thomas, Singapore via San Francisco/Tokyo Narita, Tokyo Narita via San Francisco, Vancouver(starts May 2006), Zurich)

*[[United Express]] (Destinations listed under Concourse G)

====Midfield Concourse D====

[[Image:Dulles Airport Concourse D.jpg|right|thumb|A mirrored display confronts travellers at the entrance to Concourse D]]

* [[Alaska Airlines]] (Seattle/Tacoma)

* [[American Airlines]] (Dallas/Fort Worth, Los Angeles, Miami, San Juan)

** [[American Eagle Airlines|American Eagle]] (Chicago/O'Hare)

** [[Chautauqua Airlines]] dba [[American Connection]] (St. Louis)

* [[Austrian Airlines]] (Vienna)

* [[Bmi (airline)|bmi]] (Manchester (UK))

* [[British Airways]] (London/Heathrow)

* [[BWIA West Indies]] (Barbados, Port of Spain, Tobago)

* [[United Airlines]] (Destinations listed under Concourse C)

** [[United Express]] (Destinations listed under Concourse G)

* [[US Airways]]

** [[America West Airlines]] dba [[US Airways]] (Las Vegas, Los Angeles, Phoenix)

====Midfield Concourse G====

*[[United Express]] ([[Air Wisconsin]]/[[Chautauqua Airlines]]/[[Mesa Airlines]]/[[Shuttle America]]/[[Trans States Airlines]]) (Albany, Allentown, Atlanta, Austin, Beckley, Binghamton, Bluefield, Boston, Buffalo, Burlington, Charleston SC, Charleston WV, Charlotte, Charlottesville, Cleveland, Columbia, Columbus, Dayton, Detroit, Fort Lauderdale, Greensboro, Greenville/Spartanburg, Harrisburg, Hartford, Houston Intercontinental, Indianapolis, Jacksonville, Kansas City, Knoxville, Manchester NH, Memphis, Milwaukee, Minneapolis/St. Paul, Montreal, Nashville, New Orleans, Newark, New York Kennedy, New York LaGuardia, Norfolk, Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, Portland ME, Providence, Raleigh/Durham, Richmond, Roanoke, Rochester, St. Louis, Savannah, State College, Syracuse, Toronto, White Plains, Wilkes-Barre/Scranton)

==Dulles in fiction==

[[Image:iad-terminal.jpg|thumb|right|300px|Terminal photo]]

The [[action movie]] ''[[Die Hard 2: Die Harder]]'' is set primarily at Dulles Airport. The plot of the film involves the takeover of the airport's tower and communication systems by terrorists, led by [[Colonel]] Stuart ([[William Sadler]]), who subsequently use the equipment to fool an [[airliner]] to crash into the runway. It is up to [[Los Angeles|L.A.]] [[police officer|cop]] John McClane ([[Bruce Willis]]) to stop them from downing more planes, one of which has his wife aboard. The film was not shot at Dulles and the reputed geography in it is wrong. An often-noted inconsistency is the existence of [[Pacific Bell]] pay phones in the main terminal (the ILEC that served Dulles at the time was [[GTE]] and the nearest PacBell territory was thousands of miles away). The Dulles stand-in is believed to be one of the Los Angeles area airports and the now-closed [[Stapleton International Airport]] in [[Denver, Colorado|Denver]].

Portions of all three sequels to the [[disaster movie]] ''[[Airport (movie)|Airport]]'' were filmed at Dulles: [[Airport 1975]], with Charlton Heston, Karen Black and George Kennedy; Airport '77, with Jack Lemmon, Lee Grant, and Jimmy Stewart; and The Concorde: Airport '79, with Robert Wagner, Susan Blakely and George Kennedy. Kennedy played character Joe Patroni in all four Airport movies.

The film [[Broadcast News]] included a scene filmed at the airport.

==External links==

* MWAA: [http://www.metwashairports.com/Dulles/ Dulles Airport]

* ''The [[Washington Post]]'': [http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A60742-2004Sep29.html Independence Air brings traffic spike to Dulles]

* [http://www.virtualtravelog.net/entries/000024.html The Mobile Lounges at Dulles International Airport]

* [[Internet Archive]]: [http://www.archive.org/audio/audio-details-db.php?collectionid=dedulles&collection=opensource_audio Dwight D. Eisenhower dedicates Dulles Airport - 1962] (audio)

{{US-airport|IAD}}

{{Geolinks-US-hoodscale|38.944532|-77.455809}}

[[Category:Airports of Washington, DC]]

[[Category:Airports in Virginia]]

[[de:Washington Dulles International Airport]]

[[fr:Aéroport international de Dulles]]

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