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:''For the 1966 ''Batman'' film, see ''[[Batman (1966 film)]]'''
This page is for discussion of the article on [[Aristotle]].
{{Infobox_Movie |
-----
movie_name =Batman |
image = [[Image:Movie_DVD_cover_batman.jpg|right|250px]] |
producer =[[Peter Guber]]<br>[[Jon Peters]] |
writer = [[Sam Hamm]] (screenwriter)<br>[[Warren Skaaren]] (screenwriter)<br>[[Sam Hamm]] (story)<br>[[Bob Kane]] (comic book)<br> |
starring = [[Jack Nicholson]]<br>[[Michael Keaton]]<br>[[Kim Basinger]]<br>[[Robert Wuhl]]<br>[[Pat Hingle]]<br>[[Billy Dee Williams]]<br>[[Michael Gough]]<br>[[Jack Palance]]<br>[[Jerry Hall]]<br>[[William Hootkins]]<br>[[Tracey Walter]]<br> |
director = [[Tim Burton]]|
distributor =[[Warner Brothers]] |
release_date =[[June 19]], [[1989]] |
runtime = 126 min. |
movie_language = English |
music = |
awards = |
budget = $35,000,000 |
imdb_id = 0096895 |
}}
'''''Batman''''' was released in [[United States|U.S.]] theaters on [[June 23]], [[1989]] by [[Warner Bros.]] and soon became the highest grossing [[film|movie]] of the year. It was directed by [[Tim Burton]] and starred [[Jack Nicholson]] as the [[Joker (comics)#The 1989 film|Joker]], [[Michael Keaton]] as [[Batman]], and [[Kim Basinger]] as reporter [[Vicki Vale]]. Although Keaton played the nominal hero of the film, Nicholson received top billing.
This movie helped usher a return to the "dark" roots of the Batman of the original [[comic book|comics]] and away from the [[camp]]y [[1960s]] [[Batman (1960s TV series)|''Batman'' television series]] and cartoon ''[[Super Friends]]''. Like many film versions of comic book heroes, the ''Batman'' movie told its own version of his origin, and how [[Joker (comics)|The Joker]] figured in that origin.
==Typography==
This article should be cleaned up to replace fancy quotes (”) with straight ones (") in accordance with [[WP:STYLE]]. [[User:Brighterorange|Brighterorange]] 14:00, 12 May 2005 (UTC)
Many people who recognized Batman from the 1960s television series reprehended the film for being too solemn and humorless; however, it should be noted that the character's original tone was serious-minded and not comedic or mirthful. Another complaint, one that long plagued the Batman films made between 1989 and 1997, was that the films tended to focus too much on the villain and not enough on Batman himself.
==Aristotle's Cave==
Numerous comic book fans were displeased to learn that Michael Keaton (who was better known for his comedic roles at the time) was cast as the title character, and assumed that it was a sure sign of the production taking the same tone of the 1960s television series. The producers hurriedly released a [[teaser trailer]] to prove they were treating the character faithfully. The marketing move was successful and since the film's successful release, many fans consider Keaton as one of the best actors to have played Batman in a live-action film, along with [[Christian Bale]] of [[2005 in film|2005]]'s ''[[Batman Begins]]''.
While I was visiting Veria, Greece I was taken to the ___location where Aristotle was supposed to have taught Alexander the Great. I'm not adding anything to the main article because I can't find any more information about this ___location, but I have pictures [http://rufus.hackish.org/gallery/10-Veria/1825_school_of_aristotle here] and [http://rufus.hackish.org/gallery/10-Veria/1824_school_of_aristotle_cave here] if anyone manages to find some information.
The minor-key score was written by [[Danny Elfman]], with songs by [[Prince (artist)|Prince]]. Two animated series (''[[Batman: The Animated Series]]'' and ''[[The Adventures of Batman and Robin]]'') were created in the wake of the film's success, and three sequels --''[[Batman Returns]]'' (1992), ''[[Batman Forever]]'' (1995), and ''[[Batman and Robin]]'' (1997)-- were produced. ''[[Batman: Mask of the Phantasm]]'' a spin-off of the animated television series, was released in 1993. ''[[Batman Begins]]'', a successful restart of the saga (but often mistakenly called a [[prequel]]), was released in 2005. A new 2 disc special edition of the first four films will be released on Tuesday, October 18, 2005. All movies include commentary along with other special features.
:Aristotle taught the prince of Macedonia in a ''cave''? [[User:Brutannica|Brutannica]] 21:38, 21 Aug 2004 (UTC)
==Plot summary==
:That's what my uncle who took me there and the signs around the cave said. This is why I didn't add anything to the main article since I don't have firm information. [[User:Rufus210|Rufus210]] 01:33, 22 Aug 2004 (UTC)
{{spoiler}}
[[Image:Jokermovie.jpg|thumb|left|[[The Joker (comics)|The Joker]], played by [[Jack Nicholson]].]]The main story of the movie is that of Jack Napier, an arrogant hitman working for [[Carl Grissom|Boss Carl Grissom]], and who years before, killed Thomas and Martha Wayne, the wealthy parents of Bruce Wayne. Grissom assigns Napier to break into Axis Chemicals to destroy legally incriminating files, but it turns out to be a set-up. Out of jealousy of Napier's affair with his girlfriend, Grissom hires the corrupt [[Lt. Max Eckhardt]] of the [[Gotham City Police Department]] to kill Napier.
Napier kills Eckhardt, but Batman has learned of the break-in and confronts Napier, who winds up falling on the edge of a catwalk over a vat of chemicals. When his hand slips from Batman's, he falls into the vat. The chemicals ingrain him with permanent grotesque features, which changes his appearance to that resembling a clown. Naming himself [[Joker (comics)#The 1989 film|The Joker]], he tracks down and murders Grissom and takes over the criminal gang. The violent takeover attracts the attention of both Batman and newspaper reporter [[Alexander Knox (Batman)|Alexander Knox]] and photographer [[Vicki Vale]]. The rest of the film involves Batman trying to stop the Joker, [[Bob the Goon]] and their henchmen from terrorizing the city with shootouts, assassinations, and a deadly chemical which poisons its victims with uncontrollable laughter that eventually leads to death.
::I would think signs at the site would be pretty firm information. [[User:Brutannica|Brutannica]] 21:03, 22 Aug 2004 (UTC)
== Response and legacy==
:::In any case stating in the article that there are such signs should be safe even if—unlikely—what they say turns out to be false. [[User:Rfl|Rafał Pocztarski]] 00:05, 23 Aug 2004 (UTC)
''Batman'' was ''the'' most successful movie of 1989, earning $251,188,924 domestically and over $160 million abroad. As a result, the movie spawned all sorts of merchandise: action figures, t-shirts, beach towels, trading cards and even a cereal. The movie received mostly positive reviews, with [[Erik Preminger]] of [[San Francisco, California|San Francisco]]'s [[KGO-TV]] hailing it as ''"the movie of the decade"''. [[Jack Nicholson]] was widely praised as ruthless thug Jack Napier and the even more ruthless Joker, while [[Michael Keaton]] won over many viewers with his portrayal of a conflicted Bruce Wayne and Batman. [[Danny Elfman]]'s score received positive feedback, leading to nominations in various institutions (although not for an [[Academy Award]]). The film was criticized, though, for its dark, grisly nature in comparison with the campy 1960s TV show, and for a [[Prince (artist)|Prince]]-dominated soundtrack which was seen as an obvious marketing tie-in. While applauded for its efforts to return to the staid nature of the character, the movie was attacked by many comic book purists who claimed that the film took too many elective liberties with the original character's established backstory and ideals, most notably in Batman's lethal tactics in the film.
==Trivia==
Adam West (the star of the TV series "Batman" (1966/II))wanted to play Batman, but Michael Keaton was given the role after getting the nod from Bob Kane, the creator of the original Batman comic strip.
==Bibliography==
Added a bibliography with links to existing texts. Made a few other minor changes.
Sean Young was originally cast as Vicki Vale, but broke her collarbone while filming a horse-riding scene with Michael Keaton. The scene was subsequently written out of the script.
GS
:Unfortunately it looks like VT have had a reshuffle of their site: a couple of the links I tried didn't work. -- [[User:Nairobiny|Nairobiny]]
Set designer Anton Furst deliberately mixed clashing architectural styles to make Gotham City the ugliest and bleakest metropolis imaginable.
:The VT links were to their "Project ERIS" -- which has been defunct for about six years or more, although you'll still find links to it all over the net. Fortunately, I saved the whole project years ago, and converted much to HTML, so I've been able to replace all the vt links with links to eBooks@Adelaide. [[User:Pamplemousse|Pamplemousse]] 06:38, 8 Nov 2003 (UTC)
Michael Keaton worked out for two months to prepare for the role, and learned kickboxing from his stunt double, David Lea. Keaton performed most of the fights himself, and one of the few scenes in which Lea stood in for him is during the fight in the alley with the swordsman.
==Aristotle and bees==
I will let someone else find an appropriate, if any, place for the following text in the article:
*Aristotle was the first to describe the "dancing" of bees, "on reaching the hive they throw off their load [''aposeiontai'' 'they shake themselves'], and each bee on his [sic] return is accompanied by three or four companions," and the first to classify dolphins with mammals, "The dolphin, when taken out of water, gives a squeak and moans in the air...For this creature has a voice, for it is furnished with a lung nad a windpipe; but its tongue is not loose, nor has it lips, so as to give utterance to an articulate sound." Quoted in ''Essays in Zoosemiotics'' by T.A. Sebeok, ISSN 08385858
Director Tim Burton and Michael Keaton did a lot of re-writing during production. The most notable re-write is the opening scene in which Batman says, "I'm Batman." In the script Batman was to reply "I am the night." The other notable re-write is the showdown between Batman and the Joker.
== Greek form of name ==
I've added the Greek form of the name 'Aristotle', both in Greek characters and romanisation. I've also remove the mention of the form in Italian and other languages, which I don't think is of interest to English speakers, and is covered by romanised form of the Greek. [[User:M.e|m.e.]] 09:51, 2 Jun 2004 (UTC)
The first draft of this movie was written in 1980 by Superman (1978) co-writer Tom Mankiewicz and told the story of Batman's and Robin's origins. The villains were The Joker and The Penguin, and Rupert Thorne and Barbara Gordon were also to appear. At the end Robin was to appear in costume (much like Batman Forever (1995)). It was going to be released in 1985 with a budget of $20 million, but with producers Michael E. Uslan and Benjamin Melniker booted off the production, the project was shelved until Jon Peters and Peter Guber picked it up. In 1985, after the surprise success of Pee-wee's Big Adventure (1985), the studio offered the job to Tim Burton. Unsatisfied with the Mankiewicz script, Burton and his then girlfriend Julie Hickson wrote a 30-page treatment of the project. This treatment was approved by both the producers and studio. In 1986 Burton met Sam Hamm, who had just received a two-year contract with WB, and gave him the job of writing a screenplay based on Burton's and Hickson's treatment. However, the writing process stretched too long and Hamm couldn't write further drafts of the script because of the writers strike. In his place, Burton got Beetle Juice (1988) co-writer Warren Skaaren to continue writing. Nearly three years after working on the project Burton didn't get the film greenlit until the box-office result of "Beetle Juice". "Batman" began filming in October and it only took 12 weeks to shoot.
==Clean-up==
I was wondering if I could really clean up this page a bit, specifically under the section titled "Biography." It's long and informative, but in my opinion it needs some editing. Some of the sentences are structured in a format that seems outdated and certainly is not used on most Wikipedia pages. So I was wondering if I could 'get permission' from someone to edit the section, keeping the info, maybe adding some of my own, but changing the sentence structure.
It made an estimated additional $750 million in merchandising alone.
Second, I think it would be a good idea to open a section discussing his actual ideas and theories instead of just methodology and influence. It would have to be divided into subsections like 'Politics,' 'Physics,' 'Embryology,' and 'Ethics,' and that way a lot of miscellaneous information, like the bit on zoology posted above, could be fit into the article properly. Unfortunately, I'd need a little help on this since a) I'm not an expert on Aristotle and b) I'm very inexperienced at Wikipedia contributions. Any volunteers? [[User:Brutannica|Brutannica]] 00:28, 2 Jul 2004 (UTC)
:All right, so so far no one's "volunteered." I won't do part 2 now, but I will go ahead and rewrite the Biography. If anyone objects, they can revert and please post your complaint. [[User:Brutannica|Brutannica]] 19:20, 16 Aug 2004 (UTC)
Executive producers Benjamin Melniker and Michael E. Uslan sued Warner Brothers for forcing them into accepting a net profit agreement rather than the gross profit one that was set up for other parties like Jack Nicholson. Warners then claimed that, although "Batman" at the time was the 5th biggest grossing film ever, it was still technically in the red, and offered the two producers a $1 million out-of-court settlement. They naturally rejected this.
== Form of Greek names ==
In what sense are numeric values more "correct" than mnemonics in entering non-Latin characters? Please see
[[Wikipedia:Special_characters]],
which specifically recommends menomics, as does
[[Wikipedia:How_to_edit_a_page#The_wiki_markup]] [[User:Dandrake|Dandrake]] 19:19, Aug 11, 2004 (UTC)
Ricky Addison Reed was cast as Robin when the character was part of an earlier story treatment. Robin was eventually dropped, and Reed lost the role.
See [[User talk:Rfl#Greek letters in Aristotle entry|Greek letters in Aristotle entry]] on my talk page for a good explanation. [[User:Rfl|Rafał Pocztarski]] 19:44, 11 Aug 2004 (UTC)
I see you have reverted the reversion. I am confused. Should I change it back to named HTML entities on [[pl:Arystoteles]] as well? [[User:Rfl|Rafał Pocztarski]] 20:15, 11 Aug 2004 (UTC)
The plastic surgeon's weird surgical tools are originally from another Warner Brothers production, Little Shop of Horrors (1986). They were the dentist tools owned by Orin Scrivello.
Well, now I see a sense in which the numeric values are correct! Or they seem to be; it still doesn't seem clear. Anyway, if there really are no mnemonics that correctly give breathings and all, then then one would ''have'' to use numerics, at least for those cases.
This is definitely out of my depth. I'm not going to interfere more, now that I understand the problem. Perhaps my reversion should be reverted!
The Batman costume weighed 70 lbs.
But it would be a really good thing if the people involved in getting Greek text into the articles would go over to [[Wikipedia:Special_characters]] and start a discussion on its Discussion page. It may be recommending a policy that just doesn't work, and a lot of future trouble could be prevented if it were fixed. [[User:Dandrake|Dandrake]] 01:05, Aug 12, 2004 (UTC)
There is an extended discussion at [[Wikipedia talk:Unicode]] about the use of [[Unicode]] for [[Greek letter]]s in Wikipedia. My apologies to [[User:Rfl|Rafał Pocztarski]] for reverting his changes — I erroneously assumed that the named entities created [[mathematical symbol]]s different from the Greek letters [I was confusing it with [[TeX]]] — but the first character should properly be &#x1f08; Ἀ (<code>1F08;GREEK CAPITAL LETTER ALPHA WITH PSILI</code>), which is different from &Alpha; Α — Ἀ has a ''psili'' also known as ''[[spiritus lenis]]'' or ''soft breathing''. [[User:M.e|m.e.]] 11:07, 12 Aug 2004 (UTC)
The Batman symbol on the costume in this film is slightly different than the version seen in the comic books. It has two extra "points" on the bottom of the black bat emblem. However, the teaser poster and other such promotional materials for the film depict the logo just as it appears in the comics, for copyright purposes (because that specific look for the logo is what DC comics had copyrighted). The Batman costume was slightly modified for Batman Returns (1992) and sported the comic version of the symbol.
== Academe, Academia, Academy... ==
Maybe it would be a little clearer if links would point to [[Academy]] (the one meant in the article) instead of [[Academe]] (which redirects onto [[Academia]] anyway)? --[[User:Oop|Oop]] 00:37, Sep 15, 2004 (UTC)
At one point during pre-production, director Tim Burton wanted to turn Frank Miller's 1986 comic "The Dark Knight Returns" into the new movie. However, Warner Bros. wanted to introduce the "dark" Batman before having a movie about his last days as a crime fighter. Not to mention that a DKR movie would be about four hours long.
:Oh. O.K.... [[User:Brutannica|Brutannica]] 05:08, 15 Sep 2004 (UTC)
== Biography ==
Corto Maltese (where Vicki had been taking pictures) is the name of a popular European comic character, starring in the adventure comic books of Italian Hugo Pratt.
As an example of Aristotle's influence on Alexander, it could be mentioned that while Stageira was destroyed earlier by Macedonia, it was rebuilt at Aristotle's request. Though not important in history, it is a significant detail. --[[User:Oop|Oop]] 12:56, Sep 17, 2004 (UTC)
:What time frame are we talking about here? [[User:Brutannica|Brutannica]] 07:32, 18 Sep 2004 (UTC)
::According to [[Stageira]], it was both destroyed and rebuilt by Philip. Plutarch says it was destroyed by Philip, but Plinius Elder and Diogenes Laertius confirm it was Alexander; I'm afraid it may be impossible to find exact dates. --[[User:Oop|Oop]] 22:04, Sep 18, 2004 (UTC)
Heavy security surrounded The Joker's makeup.
It wouldn't be a bad idea if you got some more details. [[User:Brutannica|Brutannica]] 06:27, 19 Sep 2004 (UTC)
Diogenes Laertius says: "Who knows?" I haven't got Strabo or Plutarch right now, but I'll try to look it up. Still, [http://socsci.gulfcoast.edu/rbaldwin/classical_greece.htm] says Philip sent Aristotle back to Stageira in 343BC; [http://www.rmki.kfki.hu/~lukacs/FOMENKO3.htm] (passage 4) (though generally a controversial source - cf. the hypothesis of Aristotle's Aiolian origins -, various authors are summarized there) claims Stageira was destroyed in 340BC. Most of general treatises, though, do not find this detail worth mentioning at all. --[[User:Oop|Oop]] 23:44, Sep 19, 2004 (UTC)
The throne that the Joker sits on when he spreads money over the citizens of Gotham is a copy of the "Silver Throne", the Royal Throne of Sweden which the King of Sweden used until 1974 at the opening of the Swedish Parliament. The replica was made for the film Queen Christina (1933).
"Lexikon der Antike" (Leipzig, 1979) accuses Philip in destruction of Stageira in 349BC. I suppose the fact could be mentioned in the article, but there seems to be no consensus on the date.
Also, in the passage about education of Alexander, it could be mentioned that while most of the authors estimate Aristotle's influence on Alexander as quite noticeable, [[Bertrand Russell]] wrote most likely Alexander considered Aristotle an old pedantic fool. It is not a general opinion nor well-founded, but still a notorious one. --[[User:Oop|Oop]] 23:49, Sep 22, 2004 (UTC)
Tim Curry was an original choice to play the Joker.
== Picture ==
There two better pictures of A.
Ray Liotta was reportedly Tim Burton's first choice for the Joker, and then for the character of Harvey Dent (later to become Two Face), but he turned down both due to his commitment to make Goodfellas (1990).
(a) at http://www.klima-luft.de/steinicke/ngcic/persons/aristoteles.htm
(b) at the french A.-article
Robin Williams was considered for the role of The Joker; he would later be considered for The Riddler as well. Jack Nicholson got the role of The Joker but demanded top-billing and a lucrative deal that gave him royalties on all merchandise.
:I'm not so sure the klima-luft.de picture is much of an improvement; what's more, there's no copyright statement (this is a bad thing). The picture illustrating the French article is both sourceless and licenseless; but then, so is the one used here. I think we should leave the picture we already have until we find one that's known to be compatible with the [[GNUFDL]]. -- [[User:Hadal|Hadal]] 07:29, 17 Oct 2004 (UTC)
:It's not ''much'' of an improvement, but it is an improvement. I think the French picture is very similar, just as a bust. [[User:Brutannica|Brutannica]] 02:06, 26 Oct 2004 (UTC)
Billy Dee Williams appears as Harvey Dent, who in the comics became Two-Face. Williams took the role with the expectation that he would be brought back to play Two-Face and reportedly had a contract clause added reserving the role for him. During casting for Batman Forever (1995) Warner Bros. decided they would prefer Tommy Lee Jones and bought out Williams' contract.
==His works littered with mistakes for his failure to follow his own precept?==
I think this is an exaggeration. Please give more examples of his mistakes if you have time. [[User:Andries|Andries]] 19:52, 29 Oct 2004 (UTC)
==Further reading==
It is claimed that Adam West was offered a cameo as Bruce Wayne's father but turned it down, though West denies being offered the part.
I do think there should be some general introductions to the topic. Some of the readers might want to know more and be looking for sth like this.
:Fine, but let's work it out here before adding it to the article. As I said before it is potentially the whole of philosophy and can give rise to silly, unnecessary debates. And sign your posts by adding four tildes. - [[User:Simonides|Simonides]] 21:24, 15 Nov 2004 (UTC)
This was the first film to ever get a "12" rating in Great Britain. The rating was created to prevent young children from seeing the film. It had been in place up until 2002, where it was updated to "12A" for the live-action Spider-Man (2002) movie.
== Suggest 18 possible wiki links and 7 possible backlinks for [[Aristotle]]. ==
An [[User:Nickj/Link_Suggester|automated Wikipedia link suggester]] has some possible wiki link suggestions for the [[Aristotle]] article:
Corto Maltese is also an island country in Frank Miller's The Dark Knight Returns, one of Burton's inspirations for Batman.
* Can link '''Greek philosophy''': <nowiki>...eeded in bringing together the works of his predecessors in</nowiki> [[Greek philosophy|Greek philosophy]]<nowiki>, and how he pursued, either personally or through others, h...</nowiki> ([[Aristotle#Biography|link to section]])
* Can link '''great library''': <nowiki>...d [[Strabo]] asserted that he was the first to accumulate a</nowiki> [[Library of Alexandria|great library]]<nowiki>. ...</nowiki> ([[Aristotle#Biography|link to section]])
* Can link '''country house''': <nowiki>... third time against philosophy. He took up residence at his</nowiki> [[Country House|country house]]<nowiki> at [[Chalcis]], in [[Euboea]], and there he died the follow...</nowiki> ([[Aristotle#Biography|link to section]])
* Can link '''average height''': <nowiki>...im as sharp and keen of countenance, and somewhat below the</nowiki> [[Human height|average height]]<nowiki>. His character (as revealed by his writings, his will (whic...</nowiki> ([[Aristotle#Biography|link to section]])
* Can link '''Platonism''': <nowiki>... enemies and rivals, grateful towards his benefactors. When</nowiki> [[Platonism]]<nowiki> ceased to dominate the world of Christian speculation, and ...</nowiki> ([[Aristotle#Biography|link to section]])
* Can link '''laws of physics''': <nowiki>...enon of the natural world,which include: motion, light, the</nowiki> [[Law of physics|laws of physics]]<nowiki>. Many centuries later these subjects would later become the...</nowiki> ([[Aristotle#Methodology|link to section]])
* Can link '''modern science''': <nowiki>...turies later these subjects would later become the basis of</nowiki> [[Science|modern science]]<nowiki>, as studied through the [[scientific method]]. The term ''p...</nowiki> ([[Aristotle#Methodology|link to section]])
* Can link '''fine arts''': <nowiki>...cs; by poetical, he means the study of poetry and the other</nowiki> [[fine art|fine arts]]<nowiki>; while by theoretical philosophy he means physics, mathemat...</nowiki> ([[Aristotle#Methodology|link to section]])
* Can link '''logical reasoning''': <nowiki>...ul empirical investigation, but often drifted into abstract</nowiki> [[Logical reasoning|logical reasoning]]<nowiki>, with the result that his work was littered with conclusion...</nowiki> ([[Aristotle#Aristotle's critics|link to section]])
* Can link '''empirical evidence''': <nowiki>...rk was littered with conclusions that were not supported by</nowiki> [[Empirical research|empirical evidence]]<nowiki>; for example, his assertion that objects of different mass ...</nowiki> ([[Aristotle#Aristotle's critics|link to section]])
* Can link '''middle ages''': <nowiki>... was later refuted by [[Galileo Galilei|Galileo]]. # In the</nowiki> [[Middle Ages|middle ages]]<nowiki>, roughly from the 12th century to the 15th century, the phi...</nowiki> ([[Aristotle#Aristotle's critics|link to section]])
* Can link '''15th century''': <nowiki>... # In the middle ages, roughly from the 12th century to the</nowiki> [[15th century|15th century]]<nowiki>, the philosophy of Aristotle became firmly established dogm...</nowiki> ([[Aristotle#Aristotle's critics|link to section]])
* Can link '''empirical methods''': <nowiki>... themselves for the discovery of modern scientific laws and</nowiki> [[Empirical method|empirical methods]]<nowiki>....</nowiki> ([[Aristotle#Aristotle's critics|link to section]])
* Can link '''On Interpretation''': <nowiki>...es. Their volumes are listed below: *Volume I. Categories.</nowiki> [[On Interpretation|On Interpretation]]<nowiki>. Prior Analytics ISBN 0-674-99359-4...</nowiki> ([[Aristotle#Bibliography|link to section]])
* Can link '''Prior Analytics''': <nowiki>...re listed below: *Volume I. Categories. On Interpretation.</nowiki> [[Prior Analytics|Prior Analytics]]<nowiki> ISBN 0-674-99359-4...</nowiki> ([[Aristotle#Bibliography|link to section]])
* Can link '''William Hamilton''': <nowiki>...library.adelaide.edu.au/a/a8ph/ *'''Poetics''', trans. by</nowiki> [[William Hamilton|William Hamilton]]<nowiki> Fyfe (HTML at Perseus)...</nowiki> ([[Aristotle#Online texts|link to section]])
* Can link '''Benjamin Jowett''': <nowiki>...text?lookup=aristot.+pol.+1252a *'''Politics''', trans. by</nowiki> [[Benjamin Jowett|Benjamin Jowett]]<nowiki>...</nowiki> ([[Aristotle#Online texts|link to section]])
* Can link '''John Henry''': <nowiki>...library.adelaide.edu.au/a/a8rh/ *'''Rhetoric''', trans. by</nowiki> [[John Henry|John Henry]]<nowiki> Freese (HTML at Perseus)...</nowiki> ([[Aristotle#Online texts|link to section]])
Additionally, there are some other articles which may be able to linked to this one (also known as "backlinks"):
* In [[Islam and Judaism#Saadia Gaon|Islam and Judaism]], can backlink '''Aristotelianism''': <nowiki>...h and Muslim Peripatetics stopped short in their respective</nowiki> [[Aristotle|Aristotelianism]]<nowiki> whenever there was danger of wounding orthodox religion....</nowiki>
* In [[Islamic philosophy|Islamic philosophy]], can backlink '''Aristotelianism''': <nowiki>...l-Farabi, and Avicenna, and Arab thinker, al-Kindi combined</nowiki> [[Aristotle|Aristotelianism]]<nowiki> and Neoplatonism with other ideas introduced through Islam....</nowiki>
* In [[Alexandrian school of anatomy#Galen|Alexandrian school of anatomy]], can backlink '''Aristotelian philosophy''': <nowiki>...e day, and initiated particularly into the mysteries of the</nowiki> [[Aristotle|Aristotelian philosophy]]<nowiki>. In an order somewhat whimsical he afterwards studied phil...</nowiki>
* In [[Emunoth ve-Deoth#Contents|Emunoth ve-Deoth]], can backlink '''Aristotelian philosophy''': <nowiki>...ia offers four proofs; three of these show the influence of</nowiki> [[Aristotle|Aristotelian philosophy]]<nowiki>, which may be traced also elsewhere in this author's writin...</nowiki>
* In [[Gerald Eaton|Gerald Eaton]], can backlink '''The Philosopher''': <nowiki>...that was made by James McCollum and Jason Levine, also from</nowiki> [[Aristotle|The Philosopher]]<nowiki> Kings....</nowiki>
* In [[Hasdai Crescas#His works|Hasdai Crescas]], can backlink '''Aristotelianism''': <nowiki>...the Lord'' became a classical Jewish refutation of medieval</nowiki> [[Aristotle|Aristotelianism]]<nowiki>, and a harbinger of the scientific revolution in the 16th c...</nowiki>
* In [[Spirits in Bondage#Contents|Spirits in Bondage]], can backlink '''The Philosopher''': <nowiki>...III. Satan Speaks :XIV. The Witch :XV. Dungeon Grates :XVI.</nowiki> [[Aristotle|The Philosopher]]<nowiki>...</nowiki>
''Notes'': The article text has not been changed in any way; Some of these suggestions may be wrong, some may be right.<br>
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== cosmology, plenum, elements and motion ==
Kim Basinger is only a few inches shorter than Michael Keaton. To make Keaton appear taller, she wears flat heels or is in stocking feet in all the scenes in which they are standing next to each other.
I am by no means an expert on Aristotle but I noticed that there is no mention here concerning some of his theories about cosmology, plenum (and void), the five elements, and the various motions that the elements adhere to. I would think that these things would be worth mentioning but I am ill-suited to fill it in myself. Just a suggestion.
Alec Baldwin, Charlie Sheen, Bill Murray, Pierce Brosnan and Tom Selleck were considered for the role of Bruce Wayne/Batman.
== List of Works; "On Xenophanes Zeno and Gorgias" ==
this short (spurious) writing IS actually included in the Corpus Aristotelicum, and is published on p. 974a of Bekker's edition (right before the ''Metaphysics'').
I don't know of any specific writing on Melissus.
--[[User:Zuben|zuben]] 22:10, 11 Jun 2005 (UTC)
* I was wondering, too, whether we could suppress "Major" in the "Major Works" heading just above the list of COMPLETE works!--[[User:Zuben|zuben]] 22:36, 11 Jun 2005 (UTC)
== the people need to know ==
Mel Gibson was the original choice for Bruce Wayne/Batman but was forced to turn down the role due to his commitment with Lethal Weapon 2 (1989).
Possibly the most over-rated thinker ever to grace humanity:- a morally repugnant and simplistic man, whose nonsense padded greatest hits are valuable only in their virtue as mildly absorbent bog roll. Aristotle offers to the modern thinker what Vanilla Ice offered to the discerning music lover, a man whose greatest achievement is considered to be the dragging out of 1 simple phrase (everything in moderation) over several hundred pages. Perhaps more amazing than the fact he eluded public ridicule in his own time is that scholars around theworld are still content in massaging his swollen dead ego. The man who has contributed to the below is testament :---194.75.129
== someone should FIX this ==
In the Globe office, a reporter hands Knox a drawing of a bat dressed like a man, poking fun at his belief in Batman. The drawing is signed "Bob Kane - the creator of Batman".
The depiction of Aristotelian science is a parody, and quite false; Darwin considered Aristotle the greatest biologist before Linnaeus and an actual reading of his biological works proves that he was a consummate observationalist. The idea that you can learn how the world works by reason without experiment is from PLATO, not Aristotle, and Aristotle argued AGAINST such a view.
== Homosexuality ==
Alfred's story of how Bruce sprained his ankle while horseback-riding is a reference to Sean Young's accident when she was preparing for the film. It also refers to a deleted scene from the script which had Bruce on horseback chasing the Joker.
This is not a particularly important issue, especially considering the influence this great man had on our world, but wasn't Aristotle homosexual? I had heard this from a teacher once, and assumed it to be common knowledge - apparently not. Does anyone know if this is true (or, indeed does anyone care!).
:[[User:A.K.A.47]] (not signed in). 18:12, 7th September
:Well, this can of worms isn't really a secret, so here goes... I couldn't find any particular information about Aristotle, but he lived in a society in which [[pederasty]] was legal and common. [[Alexander the Great]] and [[Plato]], a student and teacher of his respectively, both had known pederastic relationships (though not with Aristotle). See also [[historical pederastic couples]], which has a section on Ancient Greece. Aristotle had a son, Nicomachus, so he definitely wasn't exclusively homosexual. [[User:WhiteC|WhiteC]] 02:00, 17 October 2005 (UTC)
Martin Landau turned down the role of Carl Grissom.
In the past I left a note on [[Talk:Alexander_the_Great#aristotle_on_homosexuality.2C_again]] about [[Talk:Alexander_the_Great#Reversion]]. While Alexander might (or might not) had homosexual relationships, it is sure that Aristotle didn't. Nicomachean Ethics, were dedicated to his son, and there he expressed his opinion of how Nicomachus should live. [[User:Matia.gr|+MATIA]] <small>[[User talk:Matia.gr|☎]]</small> 18:46, 24 October 2005 (UTC)
:I know that Aristotle had a wife and son, ie: a heterosexual relationship. There is no evidence that he had a homosexual relationship, but given the ancient Greek attitudes, it remains a possibility--that is all I was saying.
:The [[Nicomachean Ethics]] does not discuss sexuality at all and may have been addressed to his son. Perhaps more likely is the possibility that it was addressed to all students at the Lyceum. It was compiled from a series of lectures Aristotle gave: the compilers may have dedicated the series to Nicomachus because Nicomachus had inherited the Lyceum from Aristotle. [[User:WhiteC|WhiteC]] 00:23, 25 October 2005 (UTC)
Michael Jackson was asked to write and perform the songs for the movie, but he had to turn it down due to his concert commitments.
== pupil/teacher of ==
''Socrates was the teacher of Plato, who was the teacher o Aristotle, who was the teacher of Alexander the Great''. Interesting isn't it? Any suggestions for a more prety way to write it? [[User:Matia.gr|+MATIA]] <small>[[User talk:Matia.gr|☎]]</small> 18:46, 24 October 2005 (UTC)
== Ethics expansion, article reorganization and possible article split ==
The producers wanted John Williams to write the score, but he had to turn it down due to his commitment to Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade (1989).
I have significantly expanded the ethics section of the article (including a reference) and made some other organizational changes. Specifically, the his philosophy needed to be segmented into metaphysics, epistemology and ethics. I also added a see also section and moved the mid-article see also listings down to it.
The article is now over the recommended page limit. Maybe the three parts of his philosophy should be split out as their own articles? If anyone agrees, I'd be glad to do this. [[User:Uriah923|Uriah923]] 05:02, 27 October 2005 (UTC)
The studio offered Joel Coen and Ethan Coen the director's chair, before Tim Burton got the job.
Jack Nicholson received a percentage of the gross on the film, and due to its massive box-office took home around $60 million. As of 2003 it is still the single-movie record for actor's salary.
The flag of Gotham City closely resembles the state flag of Indiana. It can be seen briefly in Harvey Dent's office.
When the Tom Mankiewicz script was in development, the directors associated with the project included Joe Dante and Ivan Reitman. Producers wanted an unknown to play Batman and the cast wish-list included William Holden as Commissioner Gordon and David Niven as Alfred, Bruce Wayne's faithful butler.
The movie's "Vicki Vale" is actually based on 1970s Bruce Wayne girlfriend Silver St. Cloud, a name deemed too silly for a movie character. However, in the comics there was a character named Vicki Vale, who was a reporter and appeared in the comics throughout the '40s and '60s.
The character of Alexander Knox (Robert Wuhl) was a character created for the movie. In the script the character was killed during the parade scene.
In the original script, the paper Knox and Vicki worked for was the Gotham Gazette, not the Gotham Globe.
The original script featured a bitter rivalry between Bruce Wayne and Knox over Vicki.
In the original script, Bruce Wayne was described as a man with "muscles on top of muscles and scarred from nightly combat".
When Alfred receives Vicki Vale's message a portrait of Thomas Wayne can be seen in the background.
It has been reported that Tim Burton had an uncredited cameo as one of The Joker's goons in the Museum scene.
In the original script with Robin included, the Flying Graysons (John, Mary, and Dick) are introduced at the parade scene. The Joker shoots the trapeze artists sending John and Mary to their deaths and leaving Dick to survive. Dick later becomes Robin in full costume at the end.
According to a Playboy interview with Robin Williams, Jack Nicholson was the offered the role of Joker first. When Nicholson kept delaying his answer, Williams was offered the role. The producers immediately turned around and informed Nicholson that Williams was considering the offer, and Nicholson accepted. Williams has remained bitter about being "used as bait". See trivia for Batman Forever (1995).
For its first video release, the film was graded slightly lighter as cinema audiences had complained that it was filmed so darkly that they could hardly see what was going on.
Anton Furst's designs for Gotham City were incorporated into the comics during the early '90s. The design was removed during the "No Man's Land" arc.
The painting that the Joker spares during his vandalism spree is Francis Bacon's "Figure with Meat."
The design of Gothan City is based on the work of architects Antonio Gaudi, Otto Wagner and Shin Takamatsu.
In a newsroom scene, Vicki Vale and Alexander Knox examine a map of Gotham City which has been marked with Batman sightings. The map is actually a map of Vancouver, British Columbia.
In the film Jack Napier aka The Joker is the murderer of Batman's parents. In the comics the murderer is a character named Joe Chill.
== On DVD==
[[Image:batman2disc.jpg|right|thumb|128px||Cover of the 2-disc Special Edition DVD]]
''Batman'' was given a "bare bones" DVD release when the medium was introduced in 1997-98. However, in 2005, the newest feature film, [[Batman Begins]], spawned Warner Bros. to release a Two-Disc Special Edition set of all four Burton-Schumacher films in ''Batman: The Motion Picture Anthology 1989-1997''.
Features of the original Burton film include:
*Digitally Remastered Anamorphic Widescreen Transfer
*English Dolby Digital 5.1 Surround Track
*English DTS 5.1 Surround Track
*Audio Commentary with Director Tim Burton
*Legends of the Dark Knight: The History of Batman Documentary
*Shadows of the Bat: The Cinematic Saga of the Dark Knight Parts 1, 2 & 3
*#The Road to Gotham City
*#The Gathering Storm
*#The Legend Reborn
*Beyond Batman Documentary Gallery Including:
**Visualizing Gotham: The Production Design of Batman
**Building the Batmobile
**Those Wonderful Toys: The Props and Gadgets of Batman
**Designing the Batsuit
**From Jack to Joker
**Nocturnal Overtures: The Music of Batman
*"Batdance", "Partyman" and "Scandalous" Music Videos by Prince
*The Heroes and The Villains Profile Galleries
*Batman: The Complete Robin Storyboard Sequence
*On the Set with Bob Kane Featurette
*Batman Theatrical Trailer
==External links==
*{{imdb title|id=0096895|title=Batman}}
*[http://batman.batmanytb.com/ BATMAN '89] at [http://www.batmanytb.com/ Batman: Yesterday, Today, & Beyond]
*[http://www.bullz-eye.com/mguide/reviews_1989/batman.htm Batman review, Batman DVD review]
*[http://www.sydlexia.com/batmancereal.htm 1989's Batman Cereal]
*[http://www.geocities.com/burtonsbatman3/index2.html Tim Burton's Batman III]
*[http://terryxart.com/BatmanPage1.htm Tim Burton's Batman Page 1]
{{Batmanmovies}}
{{Tim Burton Films}}
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[[Category:Thriller films]]
[[Category:Films directed by Tim Burton]]
[[Category:Controversial films]]
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