|
Microsoft Windows '''Services for UNIX''' (SFU) is a package which provides a [[Unix]] compliant environment on [[Microsoft Windows]] computers. It provides both a ''subsystem'', named [[Interix]] and a set of tools. [[Microsoft]] does not intend to produce any further versions of the product and plans to discontinue support for it [http://www.microsoft-watch.com/article2/0,2180,1855248,00.asp] because it is being integrated as part of the regular OS distribution[http://www.interopsystems.com/tools/forum/tm.aspx?m=5623].
{{Infobox Senator | name=Howard Dean
| nationality=american
| image name=howarddean.jpg
| jr/sr and state=Governor, [[Vermont]]
| party=[[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]]
| term=August [[1991]]–January [[2003]]
| preceded=[[Richard A. Snelling]]
| succeeded=[[Jim Douglas]]
| date of birth=[[November 17]], [[1948]]
| place of birth=[[New York City]], [[New York]]
| dead=alive
| date of death=
| place of death=
| spouse=[[Judith Steinberg Dean]]
| children=Anne and Paul
}}
[[Interix]] is not an emulation of a [[Unix]] kernel, but rather an implementation of an ''environment subsystem'' running within the Windows kernel. This improves performance compared with the emulation used by [[Cygwin]].
'''Howard Brush Dean III''', M.D. (born [[November 17]], [[1948]]) is a prominent [[United States|American]] [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]] [[politician]], currently serving as [[chairman]] of the [[Democratic National Committee]]. He was [[governor]] of [[Vermont]] from [[1991]] to [[2003]].
SFU contains:
Dean rose to national fame as an insurgent candidate -- and for a while, the front-runner -- for the [[Democratic Party presidential nomination, 2004|2004 Democratic Party presidential nomination]]. Generally regarded as a pragmatic [[centrist]] during his time as governor, Dean emerged during his presidential campaign as something of a [[populist]], denouncing the policies of the Bush administration (especially the [[2003 invasion of Iraq]]) as well as fellow Democrats, who, in his view, failed to strongly oppose them. This message, together with the campaign's innovative use of the [[Internet]], helped to build a strongly supportive [[grassroots]] constituency (sometimes known as "[[Deaniac]]s" or "Dean Democrats"), much of which remained intensely loyal to him even after his candidacy collapsed. Dean has said he will not run for President in [[U.S. presidential election, 2008|2008]] since his position as DNC Chairman runs until 2009. However, some say he may be planning for another attempt at the presidency in 2012 or 2016. Eeeyaaaaa!
* Over 350 [[Unix]] utilities such as vi, ksh, csh, ls, cat, awk, grep, etc.
* [[GCC]] 3.3 compiler, includes and libraries
* A cc-like wrapper for [[Microsoft Visual Studio]] command-line C/C++ compiler
* [[GDB]] debugger
* [[Network File System|NFS]] server and client
* A pcnfsd daemon
* [[X Window]] tools and libraries
* Tools for making NFS mountpoints appear as Windows shares, and vice-versa (''gateway'' services)
* An [[NIS]] server capability linked with Active Directory (AD)
* Some Windows/Unix authentication information synchronization tools
SFU does not contain (but binaries are available for a separate installation[http://www.interopsystems.com/tools/warehouse.htm]):
==Personal background==
* bash, OpenSSH, sudo, CVS, ClamAV, bzip2, gmake, curl, emacs, Apache, XView, ruby, Tcl, Python
[[Image:DSCN4189 howarddeanstatehouseportrait e.jpg|250px|right|thumb|Official portrait of Dean in the [[Vermont State House]] in [[Montpelier, Vermont|Montpelier]].]]
Although [[X Window]] client libraries and applications are provided, SFU does not contain a native [[X server]]. A number of third party X servers can be used including [[WRQ]]'s [[Reflection X]] or [[Hummingbird]]'s [[Exceed]]. In addition, StarNet provides a free [http://www.starnet.com/xwin32LX/get_xwin32LX.htm Win32 X Server] designed specifically for local X applications on Windows. Several [[Free software|free software]] X11 Server implementations are available from [[X/Cygwin]], [http://freedesktop.org/wiki/Xming Xming] and [http://www.pexus.com/ X-Deep/32].
Dean was born in [[New York, New York|New York City]], [[New York]] to Andree Dean, art appraiser, and [[Howard Brush Dean, Jr.]] (deceased), a former [[executive|corporate executive]]. As a child of a wealthy and prominent New York family, he spent much of his time growing up in [[The Hamptons]]. Upon graduating from [[St. George's School]], an exclusive prep school outside [[Newport, Rhode Island|Newport]], [[Rhode Island]], Dean enrolled at [[Yale University]], where he was apparently known as something of a party animal and was not particularly political, though some have taken note of his request, as a freshman, to room with an [[African-American]]. There he was admitted to the [[Zeta Psi]] fraternity, and graduated in [[1971]]. Though now eligible to be conscripted into the [[military]], he received a [[conscription|draft deferment]] for an unfused [[vertebra]]. He spent the next year, according to ''[[Time Magazine|Time]]'' (Aug. 11, 2003), "[[skiing]] and bumming around. ... He hit the slopes, tried [[cannabis|pot]], washed dishes, poured [[concrete]] and drank impressive amounts of [[beer]]."
== Released versions ==
He returned home and briefly tried a career as a [[stock broker]] before deciding on a career in medicine, which first required to complete pre-med classes, which he did at [[Columbia University]]. In [[1974]], his younger brother Charlie, who had been traveling through [[Southeast Asia]] at the time, was captured and killed by [[Laotian]] [[guerilla]]s, a tragedy widely reported to have an enormous influence in Dean's life; he wore his brother's belt every day of his [[presidential campaign]]. Dean received his [[Doctor of medicine|medical degree]] from the [[Albert Einstein College of Medicine]] in [[1978]] and began a [[medical residency]] at the [[University of Vermont]]. In [[1981]], he [[marriage|married]] fellow doctor [[Judith Steinberg Dean|Judith Steinberg]], whom he met in [[medical school]], and together they began a family medical practice in [[Burlington, Vermont|Burlington]], [[Vermont]] (where she continued to use her [[maiden name]] to avoid confusion with her [[husband]]).
Current release is version 3.5 on January, 2004.
Windows 2003 Server Release 2, to be released in December 2005, contains some SFU components, namely Microsoft Services for Network File System (NFS), Subsystem for UNIX-based Applications, and Identity Management for UNIX. [http://www.microsoft.com/windowsserver2003/R2/unixcomponents/default.mspx]
Dean has kept an unusually strict separation between his political career and his personal life. His [[wife]], who has continued practicing medicine, mostly stayed out of the limelight during his presidential campaign, giving few interviews and not traveling with her husband on the campaign trail until the final days in [[Iowa]] and [[New Hampshire]]. She maintained that if her husband were elected president, she would continue practicing medicine and forgo many of the traditional activities of the [[First Lady of the United States|First Lady]].
Previous version 3.0 released 2002.
Though he was raised an [[Episcopal Church USA|Episcopalian]], Dean joined the [[United Church of Christ]] in [[1982]] after a dispute with the local Episcopal [[diocese]] over a bike trail (see below). By his own account, he does not attend church "very often"; at one point, when asked to name his favorite book in the [[New Testament]], he offered the [[Old Testament]] [[Book of Job]], then corrected himself an hour later. [http://www.washingtonpost.com/ac2/wp-dyn?pagename=article&contentId=A52646-2004Jan3¬Found=true] Dean has stated he is more "spriritual" than religious. His wife has raised their two children, Anne and Paul, in her [[Judaism|Jewish faith]].
== External links ==
A personal finance statement filed for his presidential campaign put the couple's net worth between $2.2 and $5 million dollars.
* [http://www.microsoft.com/windows/sfu/ Official web page]
* [http://stephesblog.blogs.com/papers/usenix-interix.pdf History of the Interix subsystem - PDF] ([http://72.14.207.104/search?q=cache:GVdjpro66SwJ:stephesblog.blogs.com/papers/usenix-interix.pdf+stephesblog.blogs.com/papers/usenix-interix.pdf+the&hl=en HTML version])
* [http://www.interopsystems.com/tools Additional free binary packages for Interix]
[[Category:Microsoft_software]]
==Vermont political career==
[[ja:Services for UNIX]]
In 1980, Dean spearheaded a (successful) grassroots campaign to stop a [[condominium]] development on [[Lake Champlain]], instead favoring the construction of a bicycle trail. The effort succeeded, and helped launch his political career. That same year, he was also a volunteer for [[Jimmy Carter]]'s re-election campaign. In [[1982]], he was elected to the [[Vermont General Assembly|Vermont House of Representatives]], where he remained until being elected [[lieutenant governor]] in [[1986]]. Both were part-time positions which enabled him to continue practicing medicine.
On [[August 14]], [[1991]], Dean was examining a patient when he received word that then-Governor [[Richard A. Snelling]] had died of a heart attack while cleaning his swimming pool. Dean assumed the office, which he called the "greatest job in Vermont." He was subsequently elected to five two-year terms in his own right, making him the longest-serving governor in Vermont's history. From [[1994]] to [[1995]], Dean was the chairman of the [[National Governors Association]].
Dean was faced with an economic recession and a $60 million dollar budget deficit. He bucked many in his own party to immediately push for a balanced budget (Vermont is the only state whose constitution does not require one), an act which marked the beginning of a record of fiscal restraint; during his tenure as governor, the state paid off much of its debt, balanced its budget eleven times, raised its bond rating, and lowered income taxes twice.
Dean also focused on health care issues, most notably through the "[[Dr. Dynasaur]]" program, which ensures near-universal health coverage for children and pregnant women in the state; the uninsured rate in Vermont dropped from 12.7% to 9.6% under his watch. Child abuse and teen pregnancy rates were cut roughly in half.
By far the most controversial decision of his career, and the first to draw serious national attention, came in [[2000]], when the Vermont Supreme Court ruled that the state's [[marriage]] laws unconstitutionally excluded same-sex couples and ordered that the state legislature either to allow gays and lesbians to marry or create a parallel status. Facing calls to amend the state constitution to prohibit either option, Dean chose to support the latter one, and signed the nation's first [[civil union]]s legislation into law, spurring a short-lived "Take Back Vermont" movement which helped Republicans gain control of the State House.
Dean would receive some flak during his 2004 presidential campaign for another decision related to the civil unions. Shortly before leaving office, he had some of his Vermont papers sealed for at least the next decade, a timeframe far longer than most outgoing governors use. He claimed he was protecting the privacy of many gay supporters who sent him personal letters about the issue. On the campaign trail, he demanded Vice President [[Dick Cheney]] release his energy committee papers. Many people, including Democratic Senator [[Joe Lieberman]] accused Dean of hypocrisy.
As governor, Dean was endorsed by the [[National Rifle Association]] several times, furthering his moderate image.
<center>'''Elections as [[Governor of Vermont]]'''</center>
{|{{prettytable}}
|-bgcolor="#EFEFEF"
!Year
![[United States Democratic Party|Democratic]]
!Percent
![[United States Republican Party|Republican]]
!Percent
!Other (>5%)
!Percent
|Other (<5%)
!Percent
|-
|[[1992]]
|Howard Dean
|74.73%
|John McClaughry
|23.04%
|N/A
|0%
|Scattering
|3%
|-
|[[1994]]
|Howard Dean
|68.6%
|David F. Kelley
|19%
|Thomas J. Morse (Independent)
|7%
|Scattering
|5.4%
|-
|[[1996]]
|Howard Dean
|70.5%
|John L. Gropper
|22.4%
|N/A
|0%
|Scattering
|7.1%
|-
|[[1998]]
|Howard Dean
|55.6%
|Ruth Dwyer
|41.1%
|N/A
|0%
|Scattering
|3.3%
|-
|[[2000]]
|Howard Dean
|50.4%
|Ruth Dwyer
|37.9%
|Anthony Pollina ([[Progressive Party (Vermont)|Progressive]])
|9.5%
|Scattering
|2.2%
|}
<center><small>Source: Vermont Secretary of State</small></center>
==2004 presidential candidacy==
Dean began his bid for President as a "long shot" candidate. ''[[ABC News]]'' ranked him eight out of 12 in a list of potential presidential contenders in May of 2002. That summer, his campaign was featured as the cover article in ''[[The New Republic]]'' and in the following months he became a media darling. His campaign slowly gained steam, and by autumn of 2003, Dean had become the apparent frontrunner for the Democratic nomination, performing strongly in most polls and outpacing his rivals in fundraising. This latter feat was attributed mainly to his innovative embrace of the Internet for campaigning, and the majority of his donations came from individual Dean supporters, who came to be known as ''Deanites'', or, more commonly, ''Deaniacs''.
During his presidential campaign, [[conservative]] critics labeled Dean's political views as those of an extreme [[liberal]]; however, in progressive [[Vermont]], Dean, long known as a staunch advocate of fiscal restraint, was regarded as a moderate. Many left-wing critics who supported fellow Democrat [[Dennis Kucinich]] or independent [[Ralph Nader]] charged that, at heart, Dean was a "[[Rockefeller Republican]]" - socially liberal, while fiscally conservative.
===Message and themes===
Dean began his campaign by emphasizing health care and fiscal responsibility, and championing grassroots fundraising as a way to fight [[special interests]]. However, his opposition to the [[2003 invasion of Iraq|U.S. plan to invade Iraq]] (and his forceful criticism of Democrats in Congress who voted to authorize the use of force) quickly eclipsed other issues, resonating with disillusioned Democrats and using momentum from the burgeoning anti-war movement to build an impressive online campaign. Dean's early slogan of representing "the Democratic wing of the Democratic Party" reflected the feeling among frustrated voters that Democrats hadn't done enough to question the policies of the [[United States Republican Party|Republicans]]. The phrase was first used by the late Senator [[Paul Wellstone]].
===Use of the Internet===
[[Image:Deanwebsite.jpg|thumb|300px|Dean For America's official website during the height of the campaign]]
Dean's presidential campaign was remarkable at the time for its extensive use of the [[Internet]] to reach out to its supporters. The candidate's staff, and occasionally even the candidate, frequently "[[blogging|blogged]]" while on the campaign trail and even sought advice on important campaign-related decisions -- in at least two instances even making decisions through online polls of supporters. By soliciting contributions online, the campaign shattered previous fundraising records for the Democratic presidential primary. Dean has been credited with being the first national candidate to play to the strengths of the Internet, in particular by engaging the American public directly in the political process. His Internet success is often attributed to campaign manager [[Joe Trippi]].
===Fundraising===
[[Image:Deansbat.jpg|thumb|150px|The popular Dean for America bat was regularly featured on the site challenging supporters to break fundraising records.]]
In the "[[invisible primary]]" of raising campaign dollars, Howard Dean led the Democratic pack in the early stages of the 2004 campaign. Among the candidates, he ranked first in total raised ($25.4 million as of [[September 30]], [[2003]]) and first in cash-on-hand ($12.4 million). However, even this performance paled to next to that of [[George W. Bush]], who by that date had raised $84.6 million for the Republican primary campaign, in which he had no real challenger. Prior to the 2004 primary season, the Democratic record for most money raised in one quarter by a primary candidate was held by [[Bill Clinton]] in 1995, raising $10.3 million during a campaign in which he had no primary opponent. In the third quarter of 2003, the Dean campaign raised $14.8 million, shattering Clinton's record. All told, Dean's campaign raised around 50 million dollars.
While presidential campaigns have traditionally obtained finance by tapping wealthy, established political donors, Dean's funds came largely in small donations over the Internet; the average overall donation size was just under $80. This method of fundraising offered several important advantages over traditional fundraising, in addition to the inherent media interest in what was then a novelty. First, raising money on the internet was relatively inexpensive, compared to conventional methods such as events, telemarketing, and direct mail campaigns. Secondly, as donors on average contributed far less than the legal limit ($2,000 per individual), the campaign could continue to resolicit them throughout the election season.
Dean's webmaster, [[Nicco Mele]], came up with the idea of the popular fundraising "bat", an image of a cartoon baseball player and bat which appeared on the site every time the campaign launched a fundraising challenge. The bat encouraged Web site visitors to contribute money immediately through their credit cards. This would lead to the bat filling up like a [[thermometer]] with the red color indicating the total funds. The site often took suggestions from the [[netroots]] on their blog. One of these suggestions led to one of the campaigns biggest accomplishments - an image of Dean eating a turkey sandwich encouraged supporters to donate $250,000 in three days to match a big-donor dinner by Vice President Dick Cheney. The online contributions from that day matched what Cheney made from his fundraiser.[http://www.wired.com/wired/archive/13.08/2003.html]
In November 2003, after a much-publicized online vote among his followers, Dean became the first Democrat to forgo federal matching funds (and the spending limits that go with them) since the system was established in [[1974]]. ([[John Kerry]] later followed his lead.) In addition to state-by-state spending limits for the primaries, the system limits a candidate to spending only $44.6 million until the [[Democratic National Convention]] in [[July]], which sum would almost certainly run out soon after the early primary season. ([[George W. Bush]] declined federal matching funds in [[2000]] and did so again for the [[2004]] campaign.)
In a sign that the Dean campaign was starting to think beyond the primaries, they began in late 2003 to speak of a "$100 revolution" in which 2 million Americans would give $100 in order to compete with Bush.
===Endorsements===
Though Dean lagged in early endorsements, he acquired many critical ones as his campaign snowballed. By the time of the Iowa caucuses, he led among commitments from [[Superdelegate|superdelegates]] -- elected officials and party officers entitled to convention votes by virtue of their positions. On [[November 12]], [[2003]], he received the endorsements of the [[Service Employees International Union]] and the [[American Federation of State, County and Municipal Employees]], two politically powerful (and often rivalrous) [[labor union]]s. Dean received the endorsement of former Vice President and presidential candidate [[Al Gore]], on [[December 9]], [[2003]]. In the following weeks Dean was endorsed by former U.S. senators [[Bill Bradley]] and [[Carol Moseley Braun]], unsuccessful Democratic presidential candidates from the 2000 and 2004 primaries, respectively.
Other high-profile endorsers included former Governor [[Bruce Babbitt]], Congressman [[Jesse Jackson, Jr.]], former Governor [[Lowell P. Weicker, Jr.]], Senator [[Tom Harkin]], [[Baltimore, Maryland|Baltimore]] Mayor [[Martin J. O'Malley]], Congressman [[John Conyers]], Governor [[Jim McGreevey]], former Governor [[Toney Anaya]], former Senator [[Fred R. Harris]], Congressman [[Major Owens]], former Senator [[Howard Metzenbaum]], Congresswoman [[Sheila Jackson Lee]], former Governor [[Ann Richards]], Senator [[Jim Jeffords]], and Senator [[Patrick Leahy]] [http://www.politics1.com/dean.htm]. Several celebrities also endorsed him, including [[Martin Sheen]], [[Rob Reiner]], [[Susan Sarandon]], [[Paul Newman]], [[Robin Williams]], and [[Al Franken]] [http://www.hbo.com/docs/programs/diaryofapoliticaltourist/trail/howard_dean.html].
Many pundits would blame such endorsements for the campaign's eventual collapse. Dean was running as an outsider, and accepting the support of such establishment figures was seen by some as hypocritical.
===Iowa results and the campaign's collapse===
On [[January 19]], [[2004]], Dean's campaign suffered a blow when a last-minute surge by rivals [[John Kerry]] and [[John Edwards]] led to an embarrassing third-place defeat for Dean in the [[2004 Iowa Democratic caucuses]], representing the first votes cast in [[primary]] season. Dean had been a strong contender for weeks in advance in that state, battling with [[Dick Gephardt|Richard A. "Dick" Gephardt]] for first place in the polls. To the surprise of the Dean and Gephardt campaigns, Dean finished third in Iowa behind Kerry and John Edwards, with Gephardt finished fourth. Since Dean had spent months leading Iowa tracking polls, his third-place finish was widely considered a sign that the campaign was losing momentum. Most analysts blamed intense negative campaigning between Dean and Gephardt as the reason for their losses. Many Dean supporters questioned whether allegedly unfair media coverage played a role in the result. The Atlantic Monthly's Joshua Green reported that in early January, the [[Wesley Clark]] campaign had leaked information to the press showing Dean to be "unelectable." Though every campaign, including Dean's, sends negative information to the press about rival candidates, Green claims the media turned against both Clark and Dean. Other insiders attribute the loss to a staff and supporters inexperienced with the caucus process.
Dean attended a post-caucus rally for his volunteers in Iowa to deliver his concession speech, aimed at cheering up those in attendance. Forced to shout over the cheers of his enthusiastic audience, Dean didn't realize the crowd noise was being filtered out by his [[Electrical_microphone|unidirectional microphone]], leaving only his full-throated exhortations audible to the television viewers. To those at home, it sounded as if he was raising his voice out of sheer emotion. Recordings from within the crowd made it clear that Dean was shouting in order to be heard over the cheers of the crowd.
Regardless, many in the television audience criticized the speech as loud, peculiar, and unpresidential. [http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/html/nationworld/2001840708_deantv21.html] In particular, this quote from the speech was aired repeatedly in the days following the caucus: <blockquote>"Not only are we going to New Hampshire, [[Tom Harkin]], we're going to South Carolina and Oklahoma and Arizona and North Dakota and New Mexico, and we're going to California and Texas and New York...And we're going to South Dakota and Oregon and Washington and Michigan. And then we're going to Washington, D.C., to take back the White House! [[Media:Howard dean growl.ogg|Yeeeaah]]!!!" </blockquote> This final "yeeeaaaahhh" has become known in American political folklore as either "the Dean Scream" or the "I Have a Scream" speech (after [[I Have a Dream]]).
Dean conceded that the speech did not project the best image, jokingly referring to it as a "crazy, red-faced rant" on ''[[The Late Show with David Letterman]]''. In an interview later that week with [[Diane Sawyer]], he said he was "a little sheepish, ... but I'm not apologetic". [http://abcnews.go.com/sections/Primetime/US/howard_judy_dean_transcript_040122-1.html] Sawyer and many others in the national broadcast news media later expressed some regret about overplaying the story [http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2004/01/26/politics/main596021.shtml]. In fact, [[CNN]] issued an public apology and admitted in a statement that they indeed may have 'overplayed' the incident. The incessant replaying of the "Dean Scream" by the press became a debate on the topic of whether Dean was the victim of [[media bias]]. Such reports certainly fit with reports of "unelectability", as shown by Green's Atlantic Monthly piece. The scream scene was shown an estimated 633 times by cable and broadcast news networks in just four days following the incident, a number that does not include talk shows and local news broadcasts. [http://www.loyolaphoenix.com/news/2004/02/11/Discourse/The-Scream.That.Left.Us.Blind-603629.shtml] However, those who were in the actual audience that day insist that they were not aware of the infamous scream until they returned to their hotel rooms and saw it on TV. There were many thousands of people in the room that day, all screaming for all they were worth, making it hard to hear Dean, even with a microphone - this is very different from the media image of Dean screaming to an empty room.
The sound recording of the speech was put to music by Right Magazine for its "Dean Goes Nuts Remix", which derived its name from a [[Drudge Report]] headline, and this spawned dozens of copycats. [http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/4021146/] The scream has been used, discreetly, as a sort of 21st-century [[Wilhelm scream]] in at least two films, both in 2004: [[Trey Parker]] and [[Matt Stone]]'s ''[[Team America: World Police]]'', and in the Disney remake of ''[[The Alamo (2004 film)|The Alamo]]'' during a battle scene.
Regardless, however, of whether or not Dean's Iowa speech was unfairly covered, the tone of Dean's speech was itself a major political mistake. Despite the intense media coverage of the entire primary season, many voters initially tuned into the campaign upon seeing the Iowa results. Other candidates, knowing their post-caucus speeches would be their introduction to many Americans, made variations of their stump speeches. Dean forgot that the in-person audience in Iowa was a tiny minority of those who would see his speech, and by tailoring his speech to the wrong group, he set himself up for trouble.
On [[January 27]] Dean again suffered a defeat, finishing second to Kerry in the [[New Hampshire primary]]. As late as one week before the first votes were cast in Iowa's caucuses, Dean had enjoyed a 30% lead in [[New Hampshire]] [[opinion polls]]; accordingly, this loss represented another major setback to his campaign.
Iowa and New Hampshire were only the first in a string of embarrassing losses for the Dean campaign, culminating in a disappointing third place showing in the [[Wisconsin]] primary on [[February 17]], [[2004]]. The next day, Dean announced that his candidacy had "come to an end," though he continued to urge people to vote for him, so that Dean delegates would be selected for the convention and could influence the party platform. He later won the Vermont primaries on [[Super Tuesday]], [[March 2]], 2004. This latter victory, a surprise even to Dean himself, was due in part to the lack of a serious anti-Kerry candidate in Vermont ([[John Edwards]] had declined to put his name on the state's ballot, expecting Dean to win in a landslide), and in part to a [http://www.truthandhope.org/truthandhope_mid_NTSC.mov television ad] produced, funded, and aired in Vermont by grassroots Dean supporters.
===Impact===
While his presidential bid ultimately ended in failure, his supporters felt it was not a lost cause, serving to frame the White House race by tapping in to voters' concerns about the war in Iraq, in the process energizing Democrats and sharpening criticism of incumbent [[George W. Bush]]. At present, many political pundits affirm that Dean's contribution was "cathartic" for the party. Dean's lone Pennsylvania delegate, State Rep. Mark B. Cohen of Philadelphia, said Dean's decision, ultimately emulated by Kerry, to forgo primary federal matching funds and exceed the matching fund spending limits "marked the day the Democratic Party became a serious contender for national power in 2004."
===Campaign timeline===
The detailed and informative timeline of Dean's campaign has been moved to the [[U.S. Democratic Party presidential nomination, 2004]] page to shorten this page.
See also [[U.S. presidential election, 2004 timeline]]
==Post-campaign & Democracy for America==
Following Dean's withdrawal after the Wisconsin primary, he pledged to support the eventual Democratic nominee. Though many supporters encouraged him to support the only remaining "non-establishment candidate," John Edwards, he remained neutral until John Kerry became the presumptive nominee. Dean endorsed Kerry on [[March 25]], 2004 in a speech at The George Washington University in Washington, D.C.
On [[March 18]], 2004, Dean founded the group [[Democracy for America]]. This group was created to house the large, Internet-based organization Dean created for his presidential campaign. Its goal is to help like-minded candidates get elected to local, state and federal offices. It has endorsed several sets of twelve candidates known as the [[Dean Dozen]]. Dean turned over control of the organization to his brother, [[Jim Dean]], when he became Chairman of the Democratic National Committee.
Dean strongly urged his supporters to support Kerry as opposed to [[Ralph Nader]], arguing that a vote for Nader would only help to re-elect Bush.
==Successful campaign for DNC Chair==
Dean was elected Chairman of the [[Democratic National Committee]] on [[February 12]], 2005, after all his opponents dropped out of the race when it became apparent Dean had the votes to become Chair. Those opponents included former Congressman [[Martin Frost]], former Denver Mayor [[Wellington Webb]], former Congressman and 9/11 Commissioner [[Tim Roemer]], and strategists [[Donnie Fowler]], [[David Leland (politician) | David Leland]], and [[Simon Rosenberg]]. Other prominent Democrats considered running but ultimately declined.
===50-state strategy===
After Dean became Chairman of the DNC, he pledged to bring reform to the Party. Rather than focusing just on 'swing states,' Dean proposed what has come to be known as the 50-State Strategy. The goal, the DNC says, is for the Democratic Party to be committed to winning elections at every level in every region of the country, with Democrats organized in every single [[voting precinct]] in the country. State party chairs have lauded Dean with praise for raising money directly for the individual state parties.
Dean’s strategy uses a post-Watergate model taken from the Republicans of the mid-seventies. Working at the local, state and national level, the GOP built the party from the ground up. Dean's plan is to seed the local level with young and committed candidates, building them into state candidates in future races. Dean has travelled extensively through out the country with the plan, including places like [[Utah]], [[Mississippi]] and [[Texas]], states in which Republicans have dominated the political landscape.
Further changes have been made in attempting to make the stated platform of the Democratic party more coherent and compact. Overhauling the website, the official platform of the 2004 campaign, which was largely criticized as avoiding key issues and being the product of party insiders, was replaced with a simplified, though comprehensive categorizing of positions on a wide range of issues.
Dean’s plan marks a long-term shift, instead of the old Presidential poltics Democrats played in the past.
===Fund-raising===
Through [[grassroots]] fundraising Howard Dean has been able to raise millions more than the previous [[DNC]] Chairman at the same point after the [[2000]] election. Dean has raised the most money by any DNC Chairman in a similar post election period. This was especially apparent when the Federal Election Commission reported that the DNC had raised roughly $86.3 million dollars in the first six months of 2005, an increase of over 50% on the amount raised during the same period of 2003. In comparison, the RNC fundraising activities represented a gain of only 2%. Additional attempts to capitalize on this trend was the introduction of "Democracy bonds", a program under which small donors would give a set amount each and every month. Although it only reached over 20,000 by August 2005, far from the stated goal of 1 million by 2008, it has, none-the-less, contributed considerably to the funding of the DNC.
===Controversial comments as DNC chair===
Some controversy has arisen over comments Dean made about members of the [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican Party]]. Dean charged that some in the Republican Party did not understand the lives of hard-working Americans because they "never made an honest living in their lives." [http://www.usatoday.com/news/washington/2005-06-02-dean-republicans_x.htm] In a [[San Francisco]] speech, the chairman characterized Republicans as "a pretty monolithic party. They all behave the same. They all look the same. It's pretty much a white [[Christian]] party." [http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?file=/chronicle/archive/2005/06/07/MNdean07.TMP] Referring to differences between the Republican Party and the Democratic Party, he said, "This is a struggle of good and evil. And we're the good." [http://www2.ljworld.com/news/2005/feb/26/dean_roars_into/] He called for House majority leader [[Tom Delay]] to be serve a "jail sentence" for corruption without DeLay having been convicted of any crimes. [http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/7925421/] A few Democrats, such as Senator [[Joe Biden]], have distanced themselves from Dean's comments. [http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/8142785/]
Other senators have stood by Dean, including Democratic leader [[Harry Reid]] and [[Ted Kennedy]]. Many accused the media of [[bias]] during his Presidential run, and some did once again during his tenure as DNC Chair. Defenders of Dean claim the media said little when Republican chairman [[Ed Gillespie]] during the 2004 campaign made charges that [[John Kerry]] and the Democrats were being "mouthpieces for terrorists". [http://releases.usnewswire.com/printing.asp?id=27586]
Believing that Howard Dean's comments will alienate many [[moderate]] voters, various Republicans have been indifferent to and even welcomed Dean's remarks. Senator [[John McCain]] for example told [[Cybercast News Service]] outside a [[Rock the Vote]] event, "Howard Dean is the gift that keeps on giving."
==Further reading==
*Dean, Howard. ''You Have the Power: How to Take Back Our Country and Restore Democracy in America''. Simon & Schuster, 2004. ISBN 0743270134
*Dean, Howard. ''Winning Back America''. Simon & Schuster, 2003. ISBN 0743255712
*Dunnan, Dana. ''[http://www.burningatthegrassroots.com/ Burning at the Grassroots: Inside the Dean Machine]''. Pagefree (vanity press), 2004. ISBN 1589612612
*Trippi, Joe. ''The Revolution Will Not Be Televised''. ReganBooks, 2004. ISBN 0060761555
*Van Susteren, Dirk. ''Howard Dean: A Citizen's Guide to the Man Who Would Be President''. Steerforth, 2003. ISBN 1586420755
==External links==
{{wikiquote}}
===Official===
*[http://www.deanforamerica.com/ Archived campaign website]
*[http://www.democracyforamerica.com/ Democracy for America]
*[http://blog.deanforamerica.com/ Blog for America]
*[http://dfa.meetup.com/ DFA Meetups]
*[http://www.caglecartoons.com/archiveColumnist.asp?columnistID={036E745F-EF95-4991-B4A4-E1E3E0B89AFF} Weekly syndicated column]
*[http://www.democrats.org/ Democratic National Committee]
===Unofficial supporters===
*[http://www.drafthoward.com DraftHoward.com] - Grassroots organization to draft Howard Dean for DNC Chair
*[http://dean2004.blogspot.com Dean Nation blog]
===Press coverage===
*[http://www.thenation.com/doc.mhtml?i=20040308&s=greider "Dean's Rough Ride" ''The Nation'' Mar 8 2004]
*[http://hammernews.com/dunningdean-mediachannel.htm "Dunning Dean - Did the Doctor Get Gored?" ''MediaChannel'' Jan 27 2004]
*[http://www.tnr.com/doc.mhtml?pt=u4BDXy1QP9wDtyBarRdMvg== "Beyond Belief: Howard Dean's Religion Problem" ''The New Republic'', Dec 29 2003]
*[http://www.businessweek.com/magazine/content/03_32/b3845084.htm "Who's the Real Howard Dean?" ''Businessweek'' Aug 11 2003]
*[http://www.wired.com/wired/archive/12.01/dean.html "How the Internet Invented Howard Dean" ''Wired'' Jan 2004]
*[http://www.commondreams.org/views03/1116-06.htm "Howard Clinton?" by Robert Weissman and Russell Mokhiber]
*[http://www.moveleft.com/moveleft_subject_submit_howard_dean.html ''MoveLeft Media'' articles]
*[http://www.corante.com/many/archives/2004/02/03/exiting_deanspace.php "Exiting Deanspace" by Clay Shirky, Feb 3 2004]
*[http://www.alternet.org/story/17881 "The Assassination of Howard Dean" ''AlterNet'' Feb 18 2004]
*[http://abcnews.go.com/Business/wireStory?id=966056&CMP=OTC-RSSFeeds0312]
===Other===
*[http://www.democracyforamerica.com/features/2004/12/08/governor_deans_gwu_speech_transcript.php Speech December 2004 Speech At GWU On The Democratic Party]
*[http://www.newsmeat.com/washington_political_donations/Howard_Dean.php Campaign Contributions Made by Howard Dean]
*[http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/object/article?f=/c/a/2004/01/21/MNG4F4E5N51.DTL&o=0 Dean's Iowa Caucus Rally]
*[http://www.e-democracy.org/us/2004/president/dean.html E-Democracy's Top 50 Howard Dean Links]
*[http://www.civicactions.org/cgi-bin/wiki.pl?Dean_Campaign_Organization Dean Campaign Organization Wiki]
*[http://www.wargs.com/political/dean.html Dean's genealogy] - includes King [[James IV of Scotland]]
{{start box}}
{{succession box | title=[[Democratic National Committee|Chairman of the Democratic National Committee]] | before=[[Terry McAuliffe]] | after=Incumbent | years=2005-}}
{{succession box | title=[[List of Governors of Vermont|Governor of Vermont]] | before=[[Richard A. Snelling]] | after=[[Jim Douglas]] | years=1991-2003}}
{{end box}}
==Notes==
<small>
<sup>1</sup> A copy of the speech, in addition to an audio file available for [[Windows Media Player]], is available [http://www.vpr.net/vt_news/dean_announce.shtml here].
{{DNCchairmen}}
[[Category:1948 births|Dean, Howard]]
[[Category:United States presidential candidates|Dean, Howard]]
[[Category:Governors of Vermont|Dean, Howard]]
[[Category:Members of the Vermont House of Representatives|Dean, Howard]]
[[Category:Zeta Psi brothers|Dean, Howard]]
[[Category:American physicians|Dean, Howard]]
[[Category:Politics and technology|Dean, Howard]]
[[Category:People from New York City|Dean, Howard]]
[[Category:People from Vermont|Dean, Howard]]
[[Category:Congregationalists|Dean, Howard]]
[[Category:DNC Chairmen|Dean, Howard]]
[[de:Howard Dean]]
[[es:Howard Dean]]
[[he:הווארד דין]]
[[nl:Howard Dean]]
[[ja:ハワード・ディーン]]
[[sv:Howard Dean]]
| 